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: Ilias Eng, ‘Morr. 
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The Iliad of Homer, translated into English ΠΣ 


blank verse, by the Rev. James Morrice..e. Londen’ 


White, 1809. | 
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THE 


ILIAD OF HOMER. 


ILIAD OF HOMER, 


TRANSLATED 


ENGLISH BLANK VERSE 


By tHe Rev. JAMES MORRICE, A. M. 


LATE STUDENT OF CHRIST CHURCH, OXFORD, 
RECTOR OF BETSHANGER, IN THE COUNTY OF KENT, 


AND VICAR OF FLOWER, NORTHAMPTONSHIRE. 


IN TWO VOLUMES. 


London: 


PRINTED FOR JOHN WHITE, FLEET STREET, 


EY RICHARD TAYLOR AND CO., SHOE LANE. 


ee 


1809. 


HER ROYAL HIGHNESS 


THE PRINCESS CHARLOTTE OF WALES 


THIS TRANSLATION 


THE ILIAD OF HOMER 


IS BY PERMISSION 


MOST RESPECTFULLY 


AND MOST HUMBLY INSCRIBED. 


TO THE READER. 


Iw offermg a Translation of Homer’s Iliad to 


the notice of the public, the author feels it in- 
cumbent upon him abundantly to apologize ; 
premising that it was begun many years since, 
and continued occasionally during a hfe of re- 
tirement as an amusement rather than with any 
view to publication. By what motives he may 
have been induced to add one to the versions 
which have been given in the English language 
it is not material to relate; nor, if related, could 
it be presumed that others should see in them 
sufficient reason for obtruding it on the world, 
what influence soever they might have on his 
own mind. It may be necessary, however, to 
make mention of the several translations of 
Homer which have already appeared. They 
are in number five, by the following authors,— 
Chapman, Hobbes, Ogilby, Pope, and Cowper. 
It is by no means the intention, nor indeed 
could it well be expected, that the author of 
the present should give his opinion, or endea- 
vour to point out their respective merits,—still 


a Q 


[ vill | 
less to animadvert on their errors: they are 
before a discerning public, most of them, in- 
deed, | iong since, and have assuredly been duly 
appreciated by those better qualified to deliver 
a more impartial judgement. It has been said 
that the business of a translator ; is to enter so 
fully by attention and study into the mind of 
his original, that he may, as it were, look on 
every thing with the same eyes, and feel with 
the same soul. The author of the foll lowing 
attempt to render into English blank verse the 
sublime work of the father of poetry, is indeed 
far, very far from presuming to think that he 
has seen with the same e yes, or felt with the 
same soul as his original. But he certainly 


has 
made it his endeavour. to enter in some de 


egree 
into the spirit of his author, to give his mean- 
ing, though he may have iain in words: 
careful to the best of his ability to preserve that 
venerable cast of antiquity, that simplicity and 
dignity of character and Τῆς anner peculiar to 
Homer. At the same time the translator can- 
not but be well aware that in the more difficult 


and obscure p passages of an antient Greek poet, 


he may iN various instances have either miscon- 


ceived or misunderstood his author; and if he 


has inadvertently omitted any material part, 


[ἀκ 


or indiscreetly added to the sentiments or ex- 
pressions so as to do him discredit, he has to 
claim from the liberality and candour of the 
learned that indulgence which so laborious an 
undertaking and so difficult a work might natu- 
rally lead him to expect. If from this attempt 
others should be incited to look into and study 
the original with more minute attention, he shall 
not think his pains altogether thrown away, or 
his labour misapplied: and if any one more 
competent should from hence be induced to 
employ his superior acquirements in giving a 
more faithful and correct, and at the same time 
a truly poetical version of the Iliad, no incon- 
siderable advantage will thence accrue to Eng- 
lish literature in general, and to poetry in parti- 
cular ; sincefrom this immortal work of Homer, 
poetry, both the art and the spirit of it, 1s, by 
the concurring opinion and acknowledgement of 
mankind, almost wholly and solely to be de- 
rived. 

The translator cannot close this address 
without noticing an omission of some lines in 
the description of the sacrifice in the Second 
Book, which from oversight were not inserted 
in the copy transcribed for the press; it should 
have been the same as that in the first book, 


ee: 


to which the reader is referred: in the original 
they are both the same. Indeed, in many in- 
stances speeches, descriptions, similies, &c. are 


repeated in Homer, for which repetition we 


may presume he had good reason, though it 


has not escaped censure. But in a translation 
such omission ought assuredly not to have been 
made ; at the same time, if it were permitted 
him to form a wish, it would be, that, in the 
mode and manner of killing, preparing, and 
dressing victims for sacrifice, no such minute 
repetition had occurred; and that-one detail 


of circumstances, neither very pleasing nor 


poetical, had been deemed by Homer himself 


fully sufficient for the information of future 
times in this religious ceremony, supposed to 


have been in use at the siege of Troy. 


THE FIRST VOLUME. 


BOOK Tf. 
Reverie renee of Chrises.—Dissension of the 
Kings. 
BOOK Il. 


The Vision.—Council of the Grecians.—Catalogue of the 
Ships. 
BOOK III. 


Paris and Menelaus engage in single Combat. 


“ὦ 
— 


BOOK IV. 
Council of the Gods.—Truce dissolved.—War renewed. 
BOOK V. 
Diomed signalized—W ounds Venus and Mars. 
BOOK VI. 
Trojans invoke Pallas.—Interview of Hector and Andro- 
mache, 
BOOK VII. 


Single Combat between Ajax and Hector. 


BOOK VIII. 


Council of the Gods.—Jupiter forbids their Interference. 


CONTENTS. 


BOOK IX. 


Phoenix, Ajax, and Ulysses, sent to Achilles. 


BOOK X. 


Diomed and Ulysses enter the Trojan Camp. 


BOOK XI. ILIA D. 


Agamemnon and other Chiefs wounded.—Patroclus sent 
to Nestor’s Tent. 


THE 


BOOK I. 
BOOK XIl. Toe Tig 


The Trojans successful.—Hector bursts open the Gates. 


Sine, Muse, the fatal wrath of Peleus’ son, 


Which to the Greeks unnumb’red evils brought, 
And many heroes to the realms of night 

Sent premature; and gave their limbs a prey 
To dogs and birds: for such the will of Jove, 
When fierce contention rose between the chiefs, 
Achilles, and Atrides king of men, -. 

Say first who caus’d this most pernicious feud.— 
Latona’s son ; who, with the king enrag’d, 
Sent pestilential sickness through the host, 
Avenging the dishonour of his priest 
Chryses, a suppliant at the Grecian fleet, 

With ransom large his daughter to release : 
The sceptre of Apollo in his hand 
He bore ; and to the Greeks address’d his pray'r; 15 


To Atreus’ sons, chief captains of the host. 


ἂ 


B 


THE ILIAD. 


“ Ye sons of Atreus, and ye Grecian chiefs, 

May the gods favour your victorious arms, 

And grant you safe return! Yet hear my pray’r: 

Restore my daughter, and her ransom take; 20 

And reverence Apollo, sprung from Jove.” 

The Greeks with one consent their wish de- 
clar’d 

The priest to honour and accept the gifts: 

Not such the mind of Atreus’ warlike son, 

Who with reproach dismiss’d, and threat severe. 25 
“ Let me not find thee loitering at our ships ; 
Nor shall thy age, shouldst thou return again, 
Nor sceptre of thy god, protect thee here ; 

“ I will not let her go, till worn with age, 

“ In Argos, in our house, she ply the loom, 380 
The partner of my bed: hence then, begone, 

“ Nor wake my anger, wouldst thou safe depart.” 
He spake; when Chryses trembled, and obey’d: 

Silent, he hast’ned to the boisterous shore, 

And thus to Pheebus, from Latona sprung 35 

Bright-haird, preferr’d his pray’r: “ Thy servant 

“ hear, 
* God of the silver bow; whom Cylla fair 
‘“* And Tenedos obey: if, with pure hands, 


“ To thee I’ve paid the grateful sacrifice ; 


THE. ILIAD. 


“ And with just rites thy sacred altars crown’d, 
“ Hear me, O hear! soon may the Grecian host 
“* Deeply regret my unavailing tears !” 

Thus Chryses ; and Apollo heard his plaint, 
And swift descended from Olympus’ height ; 
His bow and arrows rattled at his side: 4 
Downward he bent his way; as night he mov'd 
Baneful, and sent his fatal arrows forth: 
Dire was the clangor of the silver bow. 

First the contagion, to inferior beasts 
Confin’d; the dogs and mules alone destroy’d ; 50 
Then men a prey to his relentless ire 
Fell; and incessant burnt the funera] pile, 
Nine days the fatal shafts with force increas’d 
Were scatter'd through the host: when, on the 

tenth, 


Achilles summon’d all the Grecian chiefs, 55 


Warn’d by the watchful care of heav’n’s high Queen ; 


Who saw and deeply sorrow’d at their fate: 
To whom, assembled, thus Achilles spake : 
“ Must we, then, measure back our wand ring 
** course, 
“ Atrides, if we thus may death escape ; Go 
Since pestilence and war united rage, 
“ And thin our ranks? Let us forthwith consult 


B 2 


Si 


rng ee rote ereyeninaeinevetipinienctsenienieees  ον 


cuhdiaieena aan i a 


THE ILIAD. 


Some prophet well instructed ; some wise seer, 
Interpreter of dreams, oft sent from Jove; 
Who may declare, why dread Apollo thus 
Pours his displeasure on us; whether vows 
Neglected, or imperfect sacrifice, 
rive just offence: how we may best remove, 
By service due, this dire calamity.” 
Thus spake Achilles. Calchas then uprose, 
Skill'd in mysterious knowledge of events 
Past, present, and to come: whose potent art, 
The gift of Phoebus, to the Trojan shores 
Conducted safe the numerous fleet of Greece : 
Who thus his speech address’d : “‘Favour'd of heav’n, 
“ Achilles, you command me to declare 76 
Why Pheebus, angry, thus afflicts our host. 
Under the sanction, then, of such command, 
I will the cause unfold ; yet, note it well, 
I must thy aid, thy strong protection claim, 80 
And that confirm’d by oath: for well I know 
Displeasure waits me, and the wrath of him 
Who bears with us supreme and sov'reign sway; 
Who may dissemble for a while, and wait 
Fit opportunity of time and place 85 
To satiate his revenge: wilt thou protect me ἢ 


To whom Achilles: “ Speak, and boldly too, 


THE ILIAD. 


What thou dost know: for by thy god I swear, 
By Phoebus, none of all the Grecian host, 
‘ Whilst I am living to assert thy cause, 90 
‘ Shall do thee wrong. No; not Atrides’ self, 


‘ Who boasts with us supreme and sov'reign pow’r.” 


Encourag’d thus, the blameless prophet spake : 


“ Not for neglected vows, nor sacrifice, 

But that Atrides hath disgrac’d his priest, 95 
Still holds his daughter in captivity, 

Rejecting pray’rs and gifts, doth Phoebus pour 
His wrath upon our host, and yet will pour. 
Nor may the raging pestilence abate, 

‘ Till, to her father’s longing arms restor'd, 100 
Unransom’d, unredeem’d, the beauteous maid 
Have conduct safe; and sacrifices due 

“ In Chrysa’s isle appease the offended god.” 

Thus Calchas, and retir'd: when from his seat 

Atrides rose: stern anger knit his brow, 105 

And from his eye-balls flash’d indignant fire ; 

Calchas he thus address’'d: “0 prophet vile, 

‘¢ Studious to utter what I disapprove ; 


ες 


Words inauspicious ever to my views. 
“« As if Apollo’s wrath for this were rous’d, 110 
Because I captive hold the beauteous maid 


Chryseis, and the proffer’d gifts refuse. 


THE ILIAD. ᾿ THE ILIAD. 


Not Clytemnestra, partner of my bed, Ulysses owns; nor shall I heed his rage. 
With her may be compar'd, beyond her sex ‘ But this we will consider more at large : 
Gifted with excellencies manifold, 115 At present, let a vessel be prepar'd, 140 
In mind, as in her form, superior still: ‘ Well furnish’d, well appointed ; and therein 
Yet even her, if best, I will restore, Place we a hecatomb for sacrifice, 
To save my people from calamity : ' And give safe conduct to the captive maid: 
Shall I then unrewarded be, alone ‘ And further, we appoint to this command 
Of all the Grecian chiefs ἢ That may not be; 120 ‘ Ajax, Ulysses, or Idomeneus, 
Nor is it right: prepare me then a gift, “ΟΥ̓ thee, Achilles, most renown'd of men ; 
And instantly, for this, you see, is gone.” ‘* That with due rites and sacrifices meet 
To whom Achilles: “ O illustrious chief, You may appease the anger of the god.” 
Of wealth insatiate; from what latent store Achilles, sternly looking, thus replied : 
May we provide an adequate reward ? 2! “Ὁ fraught with insolence and crafty wiles! 

‘ The spoils of captur'd cities are dispers’d : ς How can we, cheerfully, thy will obey, 
Restore but this, and with unbounded gifts “ Whether to form the secret ambuscade, 
We will reward thee, when great Jove shall give ‘ Or combat danger in the doubtful war? 

' The Trojan city to our conquering arms.” * I came not here for any just offence, 
Atrides answerd: “ Think not to deceive, 130 “ Or cause of war; nor do I Trojans blame; 
Great as thou art; Achilles, with vain words, “ For never did they plunder and despoil 
And empty promises of gifts to come ; ‘ The Phthian cities and their fertile fields ; 

‘ Shalt thou retain the spoil, whilst I alone, “* Since tracts immense, and oceans dangerous, 
At thy command too, yield my valued prize ? ‘ Sever my kingdom from the realms of Troy. 
If then another be prepar’d, in worth 135 ‘ For thee, and for thy fame, O shameless man, 160 


Equal, ’t is well; if not, I shall demand ‘ We did embark in this unthankful cause: 


Or Ajax’ prize, or thine, or the rich oift ‘ Yet now thou wouldst deprive me of my gift, 


My well-earn’d gift, the Grecians have bestow’d : 

I never share an equal part with thee, 

From battle gain’d, or city overthrown ; 165 

The shock of arms, the danger of the field, 

These hands sustain; but, when partition comes, 

You reap the vantage; whilst, dear bought, and 
“ small, 

I to the ships convey my humbler prize : 

Know then, to Phthia I again return, 

For so is best; nor can it be that thou 

Or wealth or profit reap from my disgrace.” 

Atrides quick return’d: “ Fly hence, begone; 

I neither court thy aid, nor ask thy stay ; 

Others will pay me honours requisite, 175 

. Princes and mighty chiefs; but, above all, 

Great Jove himself, in counsel excellent. 

Know then, I hate thee; for thou dost delight 

‘ In fierce contention and destructive war: 

‘ Though brave, thy courage is the gift of Heawn. 

Home with thy forces and thy ships return; 181 

In Phthia rule supreme; I heed thee not; 

' Thy anger I despise, and tell thee more,— 

Since Phoebus fair Chryseis thus reclaims, 

My ships, my friends, shall safe conduct her 


* hence; 185 


THE ILIAD. 


* And from thy tent I will Briseis take, 


Thy gift; that thou mayst know how much 1 


*< boast 

Superior sway ; and others hence may fear 

To equal, to compare themselves with me.” 

He spake: when doubtful thoughts the mind en- 

gao'd 190 
Of stern Achilles, overwhelm’d with grief, 
Or from his side to draw his fatal sword, 
And, rushing forward, pierce the monarch’s breast, 
Or check his anger, and his rage subdue. 
But, whilst he thus deliberating stood, 195 
And grasp’d his mighty sword, Minerva swift 
Descended, sent by Juno’s watchful care, 
To all unseen, invisible, but him ; 
Behind she. stood, and seiz’d his yellow hait, 
Achilles turn’d, astonish’d; straight he knew. 200 
The dazzling splendour of her radiant eye; 
And thus in haste address’d the heav’nly power: 
“ And art thou come, daughter of Jove supreme, 
“Τὸ view this insult? Soon shall Atreus’ son, 

For such my fixed purpose, with his life 205 

Pay the just forfeit of his haughty pride.” 

To whom Minerva thus: “ From heav’n I come, 


To check, if it may be, thy rage; sent down 


10 THE ILIAD. 


By Juno, who to both extends her care: 

Cease then from wrath, nor draw thy fatal sword: 
‘ With words alone contend, and keen reproach : 

The time will come, nor is it distant far, 

When thou shalt amply be repaid for this: 

Only attend my voice, and curb thy rage,” 

Achilles answer’d: “ To thy will I bend, 215 


‘ Goddess, though much incens’d: the heav’nly 
** pow’'rs 

Attend his pray’r, who willingly obeys.” 

He spake; and on the scabbard fix’d his hand, 
And sheath’d his mighty sword ; nor disobey’d 
Minerva’s high behest ; who wing’d toheavn 220 
Her rapid flight, the seat of Jove supreme. 

Nor ceas’d Achilles; but with keen reproach 
And bitter taunts Atrides thus pursued : 

“ Intemperate, insolent, yet coward base ; 

“ Who never dar’st to arm thyself for war, 
“ Or doubtful ambuscade ; who dost prefer 


“ To plunder of his just reward that man 


Who shall presume to contravert thy will 


- 
9 


Oppressive monarch, of an abject race ; 
“Lo this thy insult thou canst nothing add. 230 
* I tell thee, then, and with an oath confirm, 


« By this my sceptre, which nor leaves shal] bear, 


THE ILIAD. 


Nor branches, on the lofty mountain top 

Cut from the parent stock ;—emblem of pow’r 

Now made, and royalty, and chief command, 235 

Amongst the Greeks,--oath of no mean import,— 

If, as it surely must, necessity 

Shall urge the Grecians to implore my aid, 

When many fall by Hector’s slaught’ring hand ; 

Severe remorse shall wring thy inmost soul, 240 

Who hast disgrae’d the bravest of thy host.” 

He spake, and on the ground his sceptre cast, 
Studded with gold; and to his seat return’d. 
Enrag’d Atrides rose; when with mild words 
Sage Nestor interpos’d; through Pylos fam’d 245 
For soft, persuasive eloquence of speech ; 

Sweeter than honey flow’d his liquid voice ; 

Two generations now had pass’d away 

Of men endued with speech articulate, 

Since he the sceptre sway’d; and o’era third 250 
In Pylos fam’d he reign’d: who thus address’d 

The fierce contending chiefs: “O gracious Heav’n! 
“ What dire calamity o’er Greece impends! 

“ς How Priam will exult, and Priam’s sons, 

“ ‘When they shall hear of this unhappy feud! 255 
“ You who in council, who in war excel, 


*« Listen the voice of reason, the result 


ΒΕ MN i a Sat, 


THE ILIAD, 


Of long experience, and maturer age ; 
For I with men of still superior might 
Have converse held, and they have heard my 


“ voice: 260 


‘ Nor shall these eyes behold such men again ; 


~~ 


Pyrithous, Euneus, Polyphemus huge, 
Exadius, Druas, Theseus, mighty chiefs, 


Theseus Aigides, like a god in arms. 


‘ ‘These were the bravest men of. mortal race; 265 


The. mightiest these, who fought with fiercest 
“ς beasts, 

With rapid Centaurs from the mountain height 

Rushing amain, and fearfully destroy’d. 

With such I fought, far from my native land, 

From Apia, call’d to aid the dang’rous war: 270 

None might with such contend, of mortal race, 

In these degenerate days: great as they were, 

They heard my counsel, and obey’d my voice: 

By their example led, hear, and attend ; 

Neither do thou, great as thou art, deprive 275 

Achilles of the prize the Grecians gave : 

Nor thou, Achilles, with the king contend 

Adverse; for never king before obtain’d 

From Jove supreme such honour and renown: 


However brave, and from a goddess sprung, 280 


if 
es 


THE ILIAD. 


Yet Agamemnon bears the chief command. 
And you, Atrides, cease your wrath, O cease: 


Let my entreaties cause you to forget 


* Your anger with Achilles, and forgive ; 


By fate decreed the bulwark of the war.” 285 


To whom Atrides: “ Venerable chief, 


‘ Just are thy words, and what thou sayst is true: 
‘ But that this man would lord it over all _— 


* All govern, all command, most absolute, 


And uncontrol’d,—he shall not find it so: 290 
Because endued with more than mortal strength, 
Shall he reproachful and calumnious prove >” 
Achilles interrupted hastily : 

Indeed I might be deem’d of abject mind, 
Should I to thee in every thing submit. 195 
Issue thy mandates then, but not to me;— 

No longer I acknowledge thy command: 

And further I declare, and note it well, 

I will not, to retain this prize, contend 

In arms with thee, opposing force by force: 300 
But of my other gifts, deposited 

Within myships, shouldst thou touch one of them; 


Make but the attempt, all present here shall know, 


‘* This spear, and instantly, shall end thy life.” 


B7 


14 THE ILIAD. 


Thus they contended; when the council rose ; 
Achilles, with Patroclus, to his tent 306 
And ships retir’d: meantime Atrides bade 
Prepare a vessel, mann’d, and well equipp’d, 

And, for due sacrifice, a hecatomb 

To Phoebus; and with conduct safe embark’d 310 
The fair Chryseis, to the prudent care 

Consign’d of wise Ulysses, who forthwith 

Through ocean’s pathless waters steer'd his course. 

To Pheebus now (lustration duly made 
Throughout the host) they sacrifice prepar’d, 315 
From herds and num’rous flocks; whole hecatombs 
In order meet: from the deep-sounding shore, 
The fragrance, wrapt in smoke, ascends the sky. 

Thus they were occupied. Nathless the king 
Ceas'd not, determin’d still to execute 320 
The fatal purpose of his angry mind: 

But call’d ‘Talthibius and Euribates, 
His faithful heralds, whom he thus address’d: 

“ Heralds, proceed you to Achilles’ tent 
* Without delay ; and take Briseis thence: 

“* If he should dare refuse, we will ourselves, 
Duly attended, come; inform him so.” 


Sternly he spake. They by the winding shore 


THE ILIAD. 


Went, with no willing minds; and at his tent 
Found him reclining, griev’d at their approach. 330 
With reverential awe and fear they stood 
Silent: not uninform’d, Achilles spake: 
“ Hail, blameless messengers of gods and men, 
Approach ; I Agamemnon blame, not you, 
Who for my prize Briseis sent you here: 335 
Lead her then forth, Patroclus, I entreat, 
And to their care commend: I call you both 
To witness, before heav’nly pow’rs, and men, 
And this relentless king; if to my aid, 340 
In this dread war, you needs must have recourse, 
Yet sure with blind pernicious rage he burns, 
Improvident ; nor at his ships foresees 
Impending ruin and disastrous war.” 


He said: Patroclus from the inmost tent 


Led forth, and to their prudent care consign’d 345 


The fair Briseis: to the Grecian fleet, 
Her, much unwilling, they conduct along, 
And sorrowing much. But, from his friends retird. 
Achilles sought the shore; and o’er the inain 
Bending his view, thus with uplifted hands 350 
Address’d his parent, goddess of the sea: 

Parent immortal, hear thy short-liv’d son! 


“ O had the Fates and mighty Jove ordain’d 


16 THE ILIAD. δ ' THE ILIAD. 17 


‘ 

“ A greater share of honour! now disgrac’d ‘* And keen reproach, the suppliant he dismiss’d : 

“ By Agamemnon, who my prize hath torn 355 “ Retir'd, displeas’d, he pray’d: Apollo heard; 

“ Forcibly from me; I implore thy aid.” ‘ And, for he lov’'d him, granted his request: 380 
He spake deep-sighing. Him his mother heard, * Then from his fatal bow the arrows flew 

Sitting with Nereus, in the depths profound : “ Nightly, and through the camp the people died: 


Quick rising like a cloud, she touch’d his hand “: Calchas, for divination fam’d and skill 


Caressing, and with kindest words address'd: 360 In mysteries divine, the cause reveal’d: 

« My son, why weepest thou? what newer grief Ὁ} first commanded to appease the god; 385 
“ς Afflicts thy mind, and that unknown to me? * This πον ἃ Atrides’ wrath, who quickly rose, 

“ Conceal it not; speak, that we both may know.” “ Denouncing menaces now put in force: 

Sighing he answer’d: “ Parent much belov’d, “ Chryseis to her father he restor’d, 

“ Thou knowest all things; why need I relate? 365 “ With conduct safe; and added various cifts : 


“We took Eetion’s sacred city Thebes, ‘ And from my tent the heralds now are gone, 390 


“ And hither brought the spoil; the assembled © With fair Briseis, my much-yalued prize. 


“ Greeks ‘ Assist me, O assist! to heav’n ascend. 
To each respective chief his prize assign’d : ‘ And prostrate at the throne of mighty Jove, 
To Agamemnon first, Chryseis fair ; “ With supplication strong, his aid invoke; 
Her father, priest of dread Apollo, came “ΤΠ ever thou hast render’d service due, 
A humble suppliant to the Grecian fleet, ‘ By word or deed, such as may claim return. 
With ransom large, his daughter to release. For oft, exulting, have | 
The sceptre of Apollo in his hand That you alone, of all th’ immortal gods, 
He bore, and to the Greeks address’d his pray'r ; Did aid Saturnian cloud-compelling Jove, 


To Atreus’ sons, chief captains of the host. ‘ When Juno. Neptune, Pallas, all combin’d 400 
* ‘The Greeks approv'd, in honour of the god ; “ To hold in chains the potent King offheav’n. 
Not so their haughty chief: with threat severe, You then releas’d him. aided by the strength 


( 


THE ILIAD. 


Of Briareus, whom men A¢gean call, 

With all his hundred hands: he fast by Jove 

In might exulting sat: with fear oppress’d, 405 
The gods desisted, and Jove reign’d supreme. 

‘ Embrace his knees with supplication due ; 

Recall your former service to his mind: 

Implore his aid; that ‘Troy he now assist, 

And at their ships o’erwhelm the Grecian host ; 

‘ That these may feel a vain reliance placd 411 
In Agamemnon ; he his error know, 

Who hath disgrac’d the bravest of the Greeks.” 
Thetis replied, shedding the frequent tear: 

Alas, my son, ill-fated as thou art! 41 
Why at the ships thus overwhelm’d with grief, 
Since short and fleeting are thy destin’d years? 
Yet art thou most unhappy. O my son, 

With omen inauspicious I thee bare 

And adverse fate: now to the snow-clad top 

Of high Olympus, to relate this tale 

Of woe, and move the mighty Thunderer, 

[ hasten: you meantime, howe’er incens’d, 

Here at the ships remain, and shun the war. 
For Jupiter, beyond old Ocean’s reign, 
Where dwelleth /Ethiopia’s blameless race, 


Is gone, with all the attendant deities - 


THE ILIAD. 19 


On the twelfth morn he will to heav’n return ; 
‘ Then to the eternal palace I will go, 
Embrace his knees, and urge my just request.” 
Thus having said, she left him on the shore, 431 
Still breathing vengeance for the beauteous maid, 
His gift, unjustly by Atrides seiz’d. 
Meanwhile to Chrysa’s isle Ulysses came, 
Bringing due sacrifice; the spacious port 
Ent’ring, they strike the mast, and furl the sail: 
And, plying hard the cumbrous oar. arrive 
The station to, and moor with anchor fast: 
Then, disembarking, to the sacred fane 
Chryseis and the victims safe conduct - 
Ulysses to the father’s hand restor’d 
The captive maid, and by the altar plac’d; 
And said. “ Hail, Chryses! by Atrides sent, 
“ T bring your daugliter, with due sacrifice 
“ To Pheebus ; that we may his wrath appease: 445 
‘* And from our host avert his just revenge.” 
Chryses with joy receiv'd his much-lov’d child. 
Now on the altar, rang’d in order meet, 
The victims they prepar’d and sacred cates: 


Then wash’d they: when, with pure uplifted hands, 


lo Phebus, Chryses thus his pray address’d: 451 


‘* God of the silver bow, thy servant hear! 


ede 


20 THE ILIAD. 


Thou, who protectest with thy powerful arm 
Chrysa, and Tenedos, and Cylla fair: 


ς Whilom thou heard’st me when 


“ And, punishing the Greeks, didst honour me: 
‘¢ Once more, O hear! and from the Grecian host 
ς Thy heavy wrath and sore displeasure turn.” 


Apollo heard, and granted his request. 


‘ _ 
Due supplication made, the cates they throw: 400 


Now some the victims slain with care divide; 
Others in pieces cut each several joint ; 
These, wrapt in fat, for sacrifice prepar'd, 
Chryses receiving on the altar plac’d, 


then with fire Ao5 


1 


And pourd the 
Roasting, th’ attendant youths their task perform’d: 


This labour finish’d, all partook the feast. 


Hunger and thirst remov’d, with generous wine 


Ww > . . x 79 ᾽ °7 
hey crown the goblets; festive mirth prevails ; 


i Ἐν 


And song, and grateful hymn to Pheebus’ praise, 470 


a 


Protract the dav: with shouts the air re 


He. pleas’d, attentive listens t 


"Tl ΛΑ ΤῊΤ 4 
he sun now set. 


e422. 5 ει ᾿ς 
Stretch’d at then 


[. THE ILIAD. 21 


Back to the Grecian camp they steer’d their course, 
With favourable gales by Phoebus sent. 

The swelling sail now fill'd, the brazen prow, 
Resounding, white upturn’d the purple wave, 
Foaming, as swiftly through the sea they pass'd. 480 
Now at the wide-extended camp of Greece 

Arriv’d, they haul the vessel on the strond 

Secure; and to their tents and ships return. 
Achilles, unrelenting, at his ships 

Remain’d, nor to the war nor council came: 
Although in war, in arms, ’bove mortal man, 

His soul delighted, and in battle livd. 

Now the twelfth morn arose, and all the gods 
To high Olympus mov'd; Jove led the way : 
When Thetis, mindful of her son’s request, 490 
Emerging from the sea, at early dawn 
Ascended up to heav’n. Saturnian Jove 
Apart, above the rest, in awful state 
Enthron’d, she found on high Olympus’ top: 

Him she approach’d; her left embrac’d his knees, 
Her right his chin; and suppliant thus she spake: 

“ Paternal Jove! if. or by word or deed, 

[ have due service rend’red. grant my pray’: 

Honour my son, whose days, so Fates decree, 


Are fewest “ ὧν ᾿ ; 
dare fewest amongst men; now much disgrac’d, 


THE ILIAD. 


And by Atrides of his gift depriv’d : 

Do thou, Olympian Jove, in wisdom great, 

Heap deathless honour on my short-liv’d son: 

Still crown with victory the Trojan arms, 

Till, with due rev’rence and respect, the Greeks 

Shall on him pour accumulated gifts.” 506 

She spake: but.silent cloud-compelling Jove 
Long sat in thought profound. Embracing still 
His knees, still suppliant, Thetis urg’d her pray’r: 
“ Grant my request, and nod unfeign’d assent; 510 

Or, for thou fearest none, refuse my boon: 

That I may know how lightly I’m esteem’d, 

Of all the gods, most wretched, most despis’d.” 

When thus, in anger, mighty Jove replied : 

Disgraceful works! that you impel me thus 515 

With Juno to contend; whose keen reproach, 

And bitter taunts, I frequently endure, 

For that I aid the Trojan host in fight. 

Retire in haste, lest Juno see you here: 

What you request, I surely will perform, 520 

And solemnly confirm with awful nod; 

Amongst immortal gods, undoubted sign 

And confirmation of my will supreme : 

To change not subject, not fallacious, 


Not ineffectual, where I nod assent.” 


THE ILIAD. 


He spake, and nodded with his awful brow ; 


From his immortal head th’ ambrosial hair 
Deep flowing wav’d; and from its lofty top 
Olympus trembled to its utmost base. 
The consult ended, from Olympus’ height 530 
Thetis descended to the wat’ry main: 
To heav’n, his lofty habitation, 
Great Jove proceeded : all the gods uprose, 
With awe respectful, and due reverence, 
Before their gen’ral father, from their thrones 535 
To greet his glad return to highest heav’n: 
Enthron’d in majesty supreme he sat. 
Not unobserv’d by Juno’s watchful eye 
The silver-footed Thetis counsel held 
With Jove; whom thus reproaching she address’d: 
Who of the gods, deceitful as thou art, 54] 
Hath counsel held in secret, and alone? 
When 1 am absent thou delightest most 
Some sudden resolution to adopt ; 
With me unwilling to communicate, 
Or tell the fix’d intention of thy mind.” 
Her answ’red thus the sire of gods and men: 
Think not to know whatever I design, 
Dear as thou art, and wife to mighty Jove: 


What is expedient, none of all the gods, 


THE ILIAD. 


Or men, shall know ere thou art well inform’d ; 
But what in secret I have pra-ordain’d, 
Seek not henceforth to know, or to inquire.” 


Juno, of aspect venerable, thus 


Replied : ἐς Q too severe, Saturnian Jove! 555 


c 
& & 


“ς Nor search, what thou in wisdom shalt conceal] 


1 


What hast thou said? Henceforth I nor inquire, 
Yet much I fear the silver-footed dame, 
Daughter of Nereus, hath with art prevail’d : 
Early she came, and, suppliant at thy throne, 560 
Urg’d her request ; which you by nod confirm’d. 

I dread lest you, in honour of her son, 

Should heap destruction on the Grecian host.” 
Jove answred: “ You my purposes divine, 

And penetrate my views; yet what avail ? 565 


Rather, you urge me thoughts to entertain 


o/ 


Severe and harsh, thoughts hostile to thy peace : 


i vt ι 
Submissive then obey mv just decrees : 
If my displeasure you but once awake. 


Pal 


Nut all the host of heavn shall protect thee,” 5 700 


He spake: but Juno, greatly fearing, sat 


a 
. 


ey 4 ἷ ἡ οὐδὲ ate ra. ΕΣ soa? FET 
Suent, though ang’red, and repress’d her grief; 


Whilst indignation seiz’d the host of heav’n : 


\ 


A] Line Lita a eee i ᾽ 
Vhen Vulcan, architect divine, address’d 


> 1 


her's mind: 


δ ἐμ } q } BAe 2 Ὁ 
rt Oy re lo nw “4 ++ 20 ὦ 4 
ofttended SfOas, and sooth α his mot 


THE ILIAD. 


O dire disgrace! nor well to be endur’d, 

That you for man such fierce contention move, 
And in immortal breasts such tumult raise! 
Where then the pleasure of our festive board, 

If evil thus prevail? Let me persuade 580 
My mother, of herself intelligent, 
That she due rev’rence to our father yield, 

As meet; nor thus disturb our genial feast, 
Contentious ; lest the potent Thunderer 

Heap undistinguish’d ruin on our heads: 585 


With accents mild, with soft and soothine words 
4 δ 


Disarm his wrath, and deprecate his ire.” 


He spake, and rising, to his mother brought 


The goblet crown’d with wine, and thus began: 


ςς 


O bear with patience, good my mother, bear, 
Howe’er reluctant ; lest I see you pain’d; 591 
Unable to assist whom most I love: 

For none can with almighty Jove contend. 
Once hath he hurl'd me from the starry sky, 
Madly contending, to the lowest earth: 595 
From morn to eve I fell; the setting sun 

Beheld me breathless on the Lemnian coast: 
The Scynthians, by their care, my life restor’d.” 


Eg . 5 . . 
Hie spake; when Juno deign’d a gracious smile, 


And from her son, well pleas’d, the cup receiv’d: 600 
J ; | : 


THE ILIAD. 


To all the gods, in order as they sat, 

The goblet, fill’d with rich nectarian juice, 

He gave: loud laughter shook the vaulted roof 

Of heav’n, as Vulcan lamely limp’d along. 

Thus they in feast convivial pass'd the day, 605 
Till setting sun; meantime Apollo tun’d 

His harp celestial to the Muses’ song,— 

Alternate song :—and now the radiant sun 

Was set; and to his mansion each retir’d; 

Blest mansion, fram’d by Vulcan’s wondrous art. 610 

The mighty Thund’rer to his glitt’ring throne 

Repair’d, if sleep, perchance, his eyes might close ; 


And Juno slumb’red on her golden couch. 


THE ILIAD. 


BOOK IL. 


Now sleep both mortal and immortal minds 
In slumbers held; all but the watchful care 
Of Jove, intent to honour Peleus’ son, 
And on the Grecian host destruction pour. 
Thus in his wisdom he at length resolv‘d ; 
To Agamemnon a pernicious dream 
He sent ; and thus the airy form bespoke : 
“ Go, fatal vision, to the Grecian ships, 
And, where Atrides in his royal tent 
Slumbers reclin’d, bear these my strict commands : 
That he to battle sunmmon all the Greeks ; 11 
For now proud Troy to his superior force 
Shall yield; divided counsels now no more 
In heav’n have place; for Juno hath prevail’d; 
And certain fate the Trojan host impends.” 18 
He spake: the vision downward bent his course 
Obedient, hast’ning to the Grecian ships, 
‘To Agamemnon : lock’d in the arms of sleep, 


Within his royal tent, the king he found; 


St ens ei 


28 THE ILIAD. 


In form and feature lik 


L.?_] = 
He near approach’d, an 


. ’ ᾿ ᾽ } 
ἢ" γ Η Ἐν γ TRIicrint . 
Kil GO0mM S W Cip rit Φ 


Who, {δουρὶ 

He bids thee arm forthwith 7 

And at to thy superior 

Divided counsels with the sods no more 

Have place in heav’n; for Juno hath prevail’d, 30 

And sure destruction ’waits the Trojan host 

From Jove: atter ny words; nor, when soft 

sleep 

Shall leave thee, let oblivion seize thy mind.” 
Thus hav ing said, the vision disappear’d, 
And left him meditating fruitless deeds ᾿ 
The capture and the fall of lofty ‘Troy. 
Vain man! unknowing the intent of Jove, 


Who bitter griefs and agonizing woes 


For Grecians and for Trojans then prepar'd, 


ἊΝ Νὰ tha dra: j ] en el 5 rr 
From the dread shock of arms. The monarch starts 


Ὃ , "44 | ἢ 
From 5[6ς DP; still hears the voice divine, orseems 4] 


rw 


io he a? and C1171 le] 7 ricinao tr ] 
AV Προς and. ΓΟ y rising irom Nis couch. 


I THE ILIAD. 


Around his limbs the purple mantle cast ; 
His sandals on his feet he bound; his sword, 


Richly inlaid, he o’er his shoulders threw: 


The regal seeptre in his hand he bore, 


As to the Grecian ships he bent his way. 


Now bright Aurora shed her genial ray 

O’er high Olympus, and to Jove himself, 

And all the heav’nly powers, her light dispens’d. 

Atrides to the heralds gave command 

To call a general council of the Greeks : 

Thus summon’d, first the chiefs in haste repair’d, 

And at the vessel of the Pylian sage, 

Time-honour’d Nestor, in deep council sat ; 

To them Atrides thus his mind unfolds: 

“ Friends, hear my words: a heav’nly vision came 

“* By night, most like, in feature and in form 
And voice, to Nestor, and these words convey'd: 
““<Son of the warlike Atreus, dost thou sleep? 60 
Sleep ill indeed becomes that man, whose mind 
Alone sustains a mighty kingdom’s weight : 
Attend my voice; from Jove supreme I come, 
Who, though in heav’n, to thee extends his care; 
He bids thee arm forthwith the Grecian host, 65 
And ‘Troy to thy superior force shall yield: 


. ey τ } = i. , 
Divided counsels with the 


30 THE ILIAD. . II. THE ILIAD. 31 


“ ἴῃ heav’n have place, for Juno hath prevail’d, Burnt in the midst; earth groan’d beneath the 


“ And certain fate awaits the host of Troy weight : 


From Jove: remember, and attend.’ He spake, The vast assembly seated on the plain, 


And vanish’d into air: straight I awoke. 71 Nine loud proclaiming heralds scarce withheld, 


Let us then arm the sons of Greece to fight : Commanding silence, and attention due. 
“ 1 first with words, if you approve, will try The wild uproar with difficulty quell’d, 
“ Their mind, and bid prepare for instant flight : Atrides first, majestic, from his seat 
‘ You then detain them with persuasive words.” 75 Uprose: the sceptre in his hand he bore; 
Thus having said, the king resum’d his seat : Paternal sceptre, form’d, by, Vulean’s art, 
When Nestor rose, of sandy Pylos king, For Jove Saturnian. Jove on Maia’s son, 


And thus the chiefs address’'d: “ O warlike friends His winged messenger, the gift bestow’d ; 


δ᾿ 


, 


*“* And counsellors, but that Atrides’ self Hermes to Pelops; who the valued gift 
“ Had seen this vision, I had deem’d it false, 80 To Atreus, chief of men, in order next 

Not worthy our attention and regard : Convey'd: he, dying, to Thyestes gave 
“ But arm we now the sons of Greece to war.” The royal emblem: Agamemnon, then, 

He spake, and from the council led the way : Receiv'd from rich Thyestes by descent, 

The sceptred chiefs, obedient to their king, And sway’'d, the sceptre of his ancestors, 
Uprose ; the people numberless mov’d on. 85 O’er numerous isles, and Argos, king supreme. 

As the thick swarm from forth the hollow rock Leaning on this, his speech he thus address’d: 110 
Incessant pours, to taste each opening flower “‘ Friends, warlike sons of Greece, illustrious 
Of balmy spring; in clusters numberless “ chiefs, 

On every side they rush, and fill the plain : ** With heavy loss, and undeserv’d disgrace, 
So from the ships and tents the people throng’d 90 * Jove hath afflicted me, who safe return 
Ρ 


lumultuous, and fill’d the soundiny shore. Promis‘d from captur’d Troy: but now I fear 


Fame, sent from heav’n. urging disgraceful flic] 


2 THE ILIAD. 


Some dread calamity our host awaits, 

Since he commands, after much treasure spent, 
And many heroes slain, inglorious flight. 

Thus Jove decrees, and who shall dare resist ? 
Jove, who hath humbled cities to the dust, 

‘ And yet will humble; such his sov reign power ! 
Posterity with wonder will inquire 12} 
‘ The cause of our disgrace, that such a host, 

So well appointed, fruitless war should wage 
With foes less num’rous, and repulse sustain. 
Were we, in league and amity combin’d, 125 
‘ To number each our force; in companies 

Of ten the Greeks, the Trojans singly plac’d, 
To crown the golden cup with generous wine, 
Whole companies would want a cup-bearer ; 


So much more numerous our host than they, 130 


od 


Inhabitants of Troy: but their allies, 

From various cities, aid the doubtful war, 
Impede our arms, and lofty ‘Troy protect. 

Nine years, nine tedious years already gone, 
Our ships decay’d, our cordage perished ; 135 
Our wives, our children, waiting our return 

In anxious expectation ; whilst the work 


For which we came unfinished remains: 


Il. THE ILIAD: 


“ With one consent prepare we then our ships, 

“ And to our native land urge speedy flight; 140 

*¢ Since Jove forbids the capture of proud Troy.” 

He spake: when at their king’s desponding 

voice, 

Strong agitation seiz’d each hearer’s mind 

Throughout the vast assembly. As the wave, 

Uprais’d by adverse winds, impetuous rolls 145 

In swelling surges to the Icarian shore ; 

And as the rip’ned corn now yields beneath 

The incumbent zephyr, waving with the blast 

From side to side the yellow harvest bends : 

Thus was the assembly mov’d, and with loud 
shouts 150 

Encouraging each other, to the ships 

They rush’d along: in clouds the dust uprose 

From footsteps numberless. Now part prepare 

The launch, part haul the vessels to the deep ; 

The jovial clamours rend ‘the distant sky. 155 

Now had the Greeks (though Fates forbad) re- 

turn’d, 


But to Minerva thus the Queen of heav’n 


In haste exclaim’d: * Daughter of mighty Jove! 


Shall then the Grecians to their country fly, 
“ Their much-lov'd country, o’er the wat ry main ; 


D 


EE ATT er Teen ama ae inn 


THE ILIAD. 


And leave to Priam, and the Trojan foe, 
Helen the glorious prize, for whom alone 
Such numbers far from Greece have perished ? 
Go then, and with thy soft persuasive voice 
Detain each man; nor suffer them to launch 165 
‘ Their well-constructed vessels to the deep.” 
She spake: Minerva from Olympus’ height 
Descended rapid to the Grecian fleet : 
Laertes’ son, deep skill’d in wisdom’s lore, 
Apart she found, with grief and shame oppress’d : 
Whom thus the potent deity bespoke: 171 
“ O πη) ἃ for wisdom, great Laertes’ son, 
Ulysses, dost thou to thy native land 
Urge speedy flight, and thy tall ships prepare ; 
Leaving to Priam, and the Trojan foe, 175 
Helen the glorious prize, for whom alone 
Such numbers far from Greece have perished ? 
Haste then, and with. thy soft persuasive voice 
Detain each man; nor suffer them to launch 
Thus eagerly their vessels to the deep.” 180 
She spake: her voice divine he quickly knew, 
And to Atrides, in obedience, urg’d 


His speedy step: (Euribates attends, 


The faithful herald,) from the royal hand 


The sceptre, incorruptible, unstain’d. 


II. THE ILIAD. 


Receiving, midst the flying host he rush’d; 
And first each chief in accents mild address’d - 
“Ὁ stay thyself, and stop the giddy throng ; 
‘* Fear ill becomes us at a time like this! 
Scarce do we know what great Atrides means; 190 
To try perhaps, and then to punish us: 
For in the council few could hear his words, 
Dire is the anger of a king incens’d, 
Who honour boasts, and high descent from Jove.” 
But if among the meaner sort he found 195 
A noisy mover of sedition, soon 
He check’d his clamours with severe rebuke, 
“ Wretch that thou art, sit quiet, and attend 
The voice of those who boast superior might 
To thee, unknown in council as in war. 
We cannot all assume the reins of state, 
Nor sway the sceptre of authority : 
The government of many is not good ; 
One governor, one king with chief command, 
One ruler let us have, who may dispense 205 
Justice and laws; his pow’r deriv’d from Jove.” 
Thus he with due authority restrain’d 
Their eager flight: to council from the ships 
Again they rush’d with noise, as when the wave 
High swelling breaks upon the sounding shore. 210 


D 2 


THE ILIAD. 37 
36 THE ILIAD. 


: ; O shame! O cowards! Women, and not men. 
Assembled, due attention held them mute, 


= Return we with our ships, and let him here 235 
All but Thersites, clamorous and loud: 


* Treasure up gifts in Troy: he then may learn 
49 δα δὰ ᾿ " = . pee δ ΕΣ 5 δι ὦ 
Skill'd to perplex debate, and, right or wrong, 


. Whether or not we have assisted him: 
To throw all blame and censure upon kings, 


5 oil = He hath disgrac’d Achilles, and even now 
And hold their failings up to ridicule: : 


ἷ Fe Withholds the prize of his superior far. 
A man the basest in the Grecian host, 


r: 1: Achilles wanteth bile, is indolent, 240 
With eye distorted and contracted limb, 


ἐ os. Ἔ Neglectful, or thou ne’er hadst injur’d more.” 
His back upheav'd, his shoulders forward bent, 


' : ec Thus spake Thersites, with opprobrious words 
On his sharp head forlorn and thin the hair ; 


| Galling Atrides; whom with hasty step, 
Or to Achilles, or Laertes’ son : 


| And angry looks, Ulysses near approach’d : 
' : ty P ἢ ζ ν . 
Determin’d foe: on Agamemnon now 


“ Thersites, rash of speech though eloquent, 245 


Bitter reproach he heap’d: him all the Greeks Pe. . : 
Desist, nor singly thus with kings contend ; 


> 


tnrag’d beheld, their minds with anger fir'd ; 


᾿ Ε ; ee For a more hateful mortal than thyself, 
Who, loudly bellowing, thus the king reproach’d : | eee 
ΜῈ 9 | —_ ἶ : More odious, came not to the Trojan shore: 
*« Why these complaints? What means Atrides ι 


= Talk then no more of kings, nor in debate 
* nowr 

, Heap undeserv’d reproach, nor urge return. 
‘ Thy tents with treasures and with captives stor’d, i . 5 


ἄχ" ᾿ , Ε How this may be, or to return or not, 
Which with no sparing hand we have bestow’d : ; . 

: a . We know not, nor can safely ascertain. 
What then? The ransom dost thou still expect ἃ 


᾿ Αν ᾿ Why dost thou censure Agamemnon thus ? 
Of some rich captive, whom these hands per- ; 


ie Because the Grecian chiefs with various gifts 
‘ chance 


Have honour’d him, therefore dost thou reproach ? 


Have taken, or some other Grecian chief ; 


ae I tell thee then, and I will surely do 256 
Some captive female to adorn thy bed, : 


re ar Ὡς What now I say, should I hereafter find 
[ο thee appropriate? Sure it ill becomes : 


| | ae Thee madly raging, as thou now hast done, 
A king to plunge his subjects in disgrace! ᾿ ᾿ 


THE ILIAD. 


May I not live to bear the endearing name 
Of father to much-lov’d Telemachus, 


If I do not, with scourges and disgrace, 


Stript of thy garments in unseemly cuise 
J 8 ss 3 


“τινα thee hence bellowing to the ships again.” 
He spake, and with the sceptre, on his back 
Smote him: he writh’d himself, and the big tear 
Fell frequent, and a painful scar uprose 266 
On his swoln back: trembling with fear he sat, 
And from his haggard visage wip’d the tear. 
The Greeks, though griev’d, yet laugh’d at his 
distress, 
And thus were heard to say: “ What mighty good 
“ Hath not Ulysses wrought ; whether in fight 270 
He lead the embattled host, or in debate 
Suggest wise measures for the public weal! 
Nor this the least, that he this sland’rer’s tongue 
Hath silene’d; that his rage, thus check’d, may 
ἐς cease ; 275 
Nor with opprobrious language censure kings.” 
Thus they were heard to say; when from his seat, 
The sceptre in his hand, Ulysses rose: 
Pallas commanded silence, herald-like, 
That all might hear and understand his words, 280 


Who prudent thus the assembled Greeks address’d: 


THE ILIAD. 


“Ὁ king Atrides! thee the Greeks disgrace 
Beyond all others; by strict promise bound, 


When first from Argos they embark’d their force, 


‘ Not to return till Troy should be no more! 285 


Like children now, or widows, they lament 


‘ Their tedious absence, longing eagerly 


For home. Yet to return after whole years 

Of fruitless toil, were deep reproach indeed! 

To be detain’d from all we hold most dear, 290 
By adverse winds and seas tempestuous, 

Though, but one month, is subject of regret: 

But we nine years, nine long and tedious years, 


Have here remain’d: can I then justly blame 


‘ The Greeks, who bear indignant such delay 7 295 


Yet to remain so long, and to return 

Baffled at last, that were disgrace indeed! 

Bear then, my friends, a little longer bear, 

And prove those truths which Calchas hath de- 
* clard: 

For well we know, and all are witnesses 300 


Whom fate hath spar’d, that wheh at Aulis first 


‘ We join’d our forces, meditating war 


On Priam and the Trojans; at that time 
When on our hallow’d altars we did place 


Whole hecatombs ; then by the sacred spring, 305 


40 THE ILIAD. 


‘ Which pour’d its limpid water from beneath 
A spreading plane, this dread portent appear d : 
A serpent huge, of aspect terrible, 
With spotted mail of gold, and purple hue, 

‘ Sent by great Jove himself, from underneath 310 
The altar rush’d, swift gliding to the plane; 
On whose high top, and shelt’red by its leaves, 
Within her nest a sparrow had conceal’d 
Her callow young: eight, with remorseless tooth, 


Utt’ring shrill cries, the monster quick devour'd : 


The affright’ned mother hov’ringround her young, 


With piteous moans expressive of her fears, 

He seiz’d quick turning, and devour'd the ninth; 
When Jove Saturnian, wondrous to behold, 
Into a stone the scaly monster turn’d. 

‘ Amaz’d we stood what this portent might mean, 
Why this dread sign our sacrifice disturb’d ; 

ς When Calchas thus the sacred truth reveal’d: 
“Ὁ Grecian chiefs, why stand ye thus amaz’d: 
To us this portent comes from mighty Jove, 325 
To be fulfill’'d hereafter; whose renown, 
Though late perform’d, through ages shall endure. 
For as this serpent hath devour’d the young 
In number eight, and then the parent bird 


‘ The ninth ; so long this warfare will endure: 330 


it. THE ILIAD. 4} 


“« On δε tenth year we shall o’erthrow proud Troy.’ 
ς Thus counsell’d he; which things now come. to 
*¢ pass: 
“ Bear then, my friends, and let us here remain 
«< Till yon proud tow’rs are levell’d to the ground.” 
He spake ; and through the wide extended camp, 
And hollow ships, bursts of applause were heard ; 
When thus the venerable Nestor spoke: 
‘© Heavens! more like children than like men we 
“ talk; 
Children, who nothing know of warlike deeds: 

‘ Where all our promises, our sacred oaths, 340 
Our solemn compact, and our plighted hands, 
That thus we vainly do contend with words? 
Fix’d then and firm in resolution, lead 

‘ Thy host, Atrides, to the field of Mars. 

ς Perish those few who separate counsels hold! 345 
Their views shall prove abortive who propose 
Return to Greece: then shall they learn indeed, 
Whether those promises are false, or not, 

ς Which Jove himself hath frequently declar‘d : 

I here affirm, that high Saturnian Jove 350 
Himself, the very day we did embark 
Bearing destruction to the Trojan foe, 


‘ Thund’red propitious, and our hopes confirm’d. 


42 THE ILIAD. II. 


«< Therefore no more of flight, till we have sack’d 
“ς And plund’red spacious Troy, in just revenge 
« For Helen’s wrongs, and deep-felt injuries. 356 
ς But if there be who still desires return, 
‘< Let him with speed prepare his ship and fly, 
And in his passage meet an early fate. 
Then well advise, O king, nor with disdain 360 
Reject the counsel of experienc’d years ; 
Divide thy troops, nation and tribe apart, 
Let each with their own leader take the field : 
Then shalt thou know throughout thy num’rous 
“ host, 
To mark the coward and reward the brave; 365 
‘ Whether stern fate retard the fall of Troy, 
Or want of skill, and cowardice in us.” 
To whom Atrides: * Venerable chief, 
In counsel first amongst the sons of Greece, 
‘ O might the gods but grant me this request, 370 
Ten counsellors in wisdom like to thee; 
Soon should proud Troy stoop to her lowest base, 
An easy prey to our victorious arms. 
Yet weighty griefs hath Jove impos'd on me, 
In quarrels and contentions harsh engag’d: 375 
I and Achilles, for Briseis fair, 


Each other have offended; I began: 


THE ILIAD. 


Should we again in amity unite, 
Rapid destruction shall o’erwhelm our foes. 
Refresh we first our men, and then to arms; 380 
Each seize his spear, each grasp his orbid shield, 
Each for the rapid car his steeds prepare, 

‘ That through the day we may in arms engage, 

ς Nor fora moment cease the bloody fight, 

ς Till darkness sever our contending hosts. 388 

‘ Each hero then beneath his pond’rous shield 
Shall labour, and each arm that hurls the spear 
Grow languid, whilst the coursers, o’er the plain 
Dragging the chariots, sweat beneath the weight; 
And whom I sculking at our ships shall find 390 
This day, unwilling to engage the foe, 
From dogs and rav’nous birds no pow’ shall 

“* save.” 
He spake: the Greeks with deaf’ning shouts ap- 
prov’d, 
Loud as the boist’rous wave with ceaseless roar 
Dashing the base of some projecting rock, 395 


The sport of ev'ry blast. From council now 


They rose, and at their tents refreshment took, 


And to the gods due sacrifice prepar’d ; 
Seeking protection of the pow'rs above, 


From dangers of the doubtful war, and death. 400 


44 THE ILIAD. 


Atrides, king of men, to mighty Jove 
For sacrifice prepar'd the unblemish’d steer, 
Full grown, and fat: the venerable chiefs 
Attend upon Atrides. Nestor first, 
Idomeneus, and Ajax Telamon, 
Ajax, Oileus’ son, and Diomed, 
And fam’d for counsel, great Laertes’ son ; 
With them came Menelaus, though unbid, 
Knowing the labours of his brother’s mind: 
Approaching near, and form’d in circle round 410 
The victim, they take up the salted cates, 
When Agamemnon thus address’d his prayer : 


“ Great Jove, supreme in glory as in pow’, 


« Dwelling in heav’n, from whence thy thunders 


<< roll, 

“ Grant me to burn and level with the dust 415 
“ Yon lofty tow’rs, and, with this spear transfix'd, 
“ To rend the corselet from proud Hector’s breast; 
«Whilst all around, and welt’ring in their gore, 
* The friends and partners of his fate expire.” 
The king thus urg’d his pray’r; but Jove averse, 
In empty air dispers’d the vain request, 420 
The rites accepted, but increas’d their woes. 

Due supplication made, the cates they threw ; 


Then, on the sacred fire the victim plac’d, 


sie THE ILIAD. 


Each separate part in order meet dispos’d. 
This labour finish’d, they prepar’d the feast, 425 
And joyful of the festive board partook. 
Hunger suppress'd, and ended the repast, 
Nestor the assembled chieftains thus bespoke : 

ςς T]lustrious Atrides, king of men, 430 
“ Delay we here no longer, nor defer 
“ The glorious task which Jove hath pointed out ; 
“ But let the heralds at the ships convene 
‘ Our warlike troops, and, marshall’d in array 
“ Of battle, let us all our host review ; 435 
“ Then to the field of honour lead them on.” 

He spake: nor did Atrides disapprove ; 
But to the heralds issued his commands 
To summon all the Grecians on the plain. 
Obedient they assembled, and the chiefs 
Form’d the deep file, or closed the level rank : 
Pallas aloft-th’ immortal zgis bore, 
Resplendent, studded, and emboss’d with gold ; 
And, traversing the ranks from file to file, 
Darts her experienc’d eye, in every heart 
Inspiring courage not to be subdued, 
And ardent spirit for the shock of arms, 
Preferring battle to their native land. 


As on the mountain top the rapid fire 


46 THE ILIAD. IT 


Devours the forest, far the vivid light 450 
Resplendent shines; so glitt’red through the air 
The dazzling splendour of their burnish’d arms. 

In number as the wondrous flight of cranes 

On Asia’s marsh extensive; or as swans 
Milk-white, disporting from Cayister’s stream, 455 
In airy circles wheel their rapid flight ; 

Far off the clangour of their num’rous wings 

Is heard, and with the noise the marsh resounds, 
As on the wat'ry margin they alight. 

So from the ships and tents the num’rous host 
Pour’d on Scamander’s plain: the hollow earth 461 
Re-echoed from the frequent foot of men, 

From rattling cars, and hoofs of prancing steeds. 

Rang’d on Scamander’s level plain they stood 


In numbers infinite, as the thick leaves, 


Or various flow’rs which decorate the spring. 


And as the flies which in the shepherd’s fold 
Numberless swarm in spring, what time the milk 
Fresh drawn, bedews the homely vessel’s side: 

So thick the Grecians on the hostile plain 470 
Assembled, eager to engage the foe. 

As when the shepherd separates his flocks 

Mix’d in extensive pastures ; so with ease 


Each several chief his scatt’red force collects. 


II. THE ILIAD. 


And, rang’d in order, marshals to the fight. 
With them Atrides stood, pre-eminent 
In stature, and in countenance like Jove 
Grasping his thunder, in his port like Mars 
Determin’d, and like Neptune great in strength. 
As the vast bull, which o’er the num’rous herd 
Tow’ring, in beauty and in strength excels; 481 
So mighty Jove, with dignity and grace 
Superior, on that day Atrides crown’'d. 
Say, heav’nly Muses, you alone can tell 
(Immortal as ye are, and all things know, 
We from report uncertain knowledge gain), 
The valiant leaders of the Grecian host, 
Their various countries and their names relate ; 
Had I ten tongues, ten mouths, an iron voice, 
The mixed multitude I could not name. 490 
Say then, ye sacred daughters of high Jove, 
The chiefs, their forces, and the ships of Greece. 
Peneleus the Beeotians led to war, 
With Prothoenor and Archesilaus, 
Clonius and Leitus, renown’d in arms: 
From Hyrie, and from Aulis’ rocky shore ; 
From Scheenos, Scolos, and from Eteon’s hills - 
Thespia, Graia, and th’ extensive plains 


Of Mycalessos, Harma, Elesios, 


48 THE ILIAD. a THE “ILIAD. 


Erythre, Eleon, Hyle, Peteon, | To Ajax Telamon : to hurl the spear 
Cécalia, Medion, city of renown; Unerring, he all other Greeks excell’d. 
Cope, Eutrisis, Thisbe fam’d for doves ; From Cynos, Opoens, and Calliaros ; 
Coroneus, Haliartus, verdant meads, From Bessa, Scarphe, and Augeia fam’d ; 
Platewa, Glisse, and the well-built Thebes ; Tarphe and Thronios, near Boagrius’ stream; 
Orchestus, fam’d for Neptune’s sacred grove, 505 And from beyond Eubeea, sacred isle. 
Arne’s rich vines, Mydia, Nyssa fair, These Ajax Oileus brought in forty ships. 
Anthedon’s utmost bounds. In fifty ships ᾿ The Abantes next, a brave and hardy race, 
They came: six thousand valiant men in arms. | Eubeea, Chalcis, and Eretria sent : 

Next from Aspledon and Orchomene, | Histza rich in vines, and near the sea 
Ascalaphus, Ialmon, sons of Mars, Ὶ Cerinthus, Dios, Styra, Caristus ; 
Their forces led: them fair Astioche, | Them brave Elphenor to the combat arm’d, 
In Actor’s palace, to the god of war | Eubcea’s-warlike sons, well skill’d to tear 
Submitting, bore. These came in thirty ships. | The riven corselet from the foeman’s breast, 


The Phocians, Schedius and Epistrophus | To Trojan shores in forty ships convey’d. 


Sons of Iphitus, led ; inhabiting f | Next Attica her polish’d legions sent 540 


Python’s high crags, and Cyparissus’ woods. : From far-fam’d Athens, where Erechtheus reign’d, 
Chrysa divine, Daulis, and Panope, 2 Nurtur’d of Pallas, daughter of high Jove ; 
Anemoria and Hyompolis ; (Him parent Earth produc’d,) and in her fane, 


And those who by Cephissus’ sacred stream In Athens, by her sacred altar plac’d : 


SA EN ΣΌΝ ΕΣ 


Dwell, and Liltea near Cephissus’ source. To her the Athenian youth their annual vows 545 


HME 


These forty ships conveyd; Beeotia’s troops Perform’d, and offerd sacrifices meet. 


They fiank’d, all arm'd, and eager for the fight. These Mnestheus arm’d, Peteus’ warlike son, 
Ajax Oileus arm’d the Locrians, Skill'd above men to'form the embattled line, 
Surnam’d the Less, in size inferior far Wheel the thick squadron, or extend the wings: 


E 


Pisa UE A eS sg bo te a-ak coi lee α 
ESA DanC EN ges a aN gee τὸ I 


50 THE ILIAD. 


Nestor’s experienc’d age with him alone 


Might vie. In fifty ships these plough’d the main. 


Near the Athenians, in due order rang’d, 
Great Ajax led the Salaminian bands. 

From Argos and Tiryntha’s lofty walls, 
Hermione and Asinen embay’d ; 
And from Troezene, and from Eione, 
From Epidaurus fertile in rich wines, 
Maseta and gina; valiant men, 
Whom Diomed’s undaunted courage arm’d ; 
And Sthenelus the son of Capaneus, 
And brave Euryalus, Mechisteus’ son. 
These eighty ships convey’d; the chief command, 
As first in arms, Tydides justly bore. 

Next from Mycene, city of renown, 
From wealthy Corinth, from Cleone strong, 565 
Ornia, Arethyrea, Sicyon, 
Where erst Adrastus held supreme command ; 
From Hyperesia, Gonoessa high, 
Pellene, Zgeon, and the sea-girt shores 
Of that extensive coast, and Helice. 
These Agamemnon, in a hundred ships, 
Led to the war, in numbers and in strength 
Excelling all: in armour bright array’d 


He march’d exulting, o’er the chiefs and kings 


II. THE ILIAD. 51 


Vested with sov’reign power, of Greece supreme. 
From Lacedemon circled round with hills, 
Pharos and Sparta, Messe fam’d for doves ; 
Brysia, and Augia favour’d town; 
Amycle, Elos seated on the coast: 
Laas and Ctylus. In sixty ships 
These Menelaus led, all arm’d for war: 
Foremost himself, and eager to revenge 
Helen’s great wrongs, and deep-felt injuries, 
The hero march’d, and for the combat burn’d. 
From sandy Pylos and Arene fair, 
Thryon by Alpheus’ ford, Aipu well built ; 
Amphigenia, Cyparisseens, 
From Pteleos, Helos, Dorion, where the nine 
Celestial Muses seiz’d the Thracian bard, 
Silenc’d the tuneful song of Thamyris 
Returning from Cchalia by the banks 
Of Eurytus, who boasted to excel 
The sacred Nine in harmony and song, 
And to the contest challeng’d : they, incens’d, 
Depriv'd him of his sight, and from his hand, 595 
Unstrung and broken, dash’d the harmonious lyre. 
These aged Nestor to the battle arm’d, 
Passing in ninety ships the boist’rous main. 
Next from Arcadia, and the lofty walls 


E 2 


52 THE ILIAD. 


Of high Cyllene, by the sacred tomb 


Of Zpytus, for closer combat fam/d ; 

From Pheneon, and the Orchomenian plains, 
(ον τεὰ with herds; from Ripe, Stratie, 
Enispe high, to every blast expos’d ; 

And Tegea, and belov’d Mantinea, 
Stymphelon, and Parrhasia. Τὸ the war 
These Agapenor led, Anczeus’ son, 

In sixty ships filld with Arcadian troops 
Well skill’d in fight. Atrides furnish’d ships 
To bear the Arcadians to the Trojan shore, 


Themselves unus’d to maritime affairs. 


Next from Buprasium, Elis, and thy bounds 


Hyrmine, Myrsinus, the Olenian rocks, 


And thy fair spring, Alisium: these four chiefs 


To battle led, and each ten ships prepar’d 
The Epeians to convey: Amphimachus, 
The son of Cteatus, and Thalpius, son 
Of Eurytus, from mighty Actor sprung; 
And brave Diores, son of Amarynx ; 

And Polyxenus, like a god in arms, 


Son of Agasthenes, Augeia’s king. 


From fam’d Dulichium, and the sacred isles 


Echinades sea-girt, and opposite 


Elis divine; these Meges, like to Mars 


610 


615 


It. THE ILIAD. 


In battle, son of warlike Phyleus, led ; 
(Who to Dulichium, with his sire mcens’d, 
Fled,) and to Troy in forty ships convey’d. 
The Cephallenians next Ulysses arm’d, 
From Ithaca, well-wooded Nerytus; 
From Croculus, Aigilipa’s high rocks, 
Verdant Zacynthus, Samos, and thy coast 
Far-fam’d Epirus, and the adjacent isles : 
Twelve ships with purple prows Ulysses own’d. 
Thoas the ZEtolians led, Andraeemon’s son, 
From. Pleuron, from Pylene, Olenos, 
From sea-girt Chalcis, rocky Calydon : 
For now the race of GEneus was no more, 
Himself, his sons, and Meleager dead. 

The chief command on Thoas then devolv’d, 
Who brought in forty ships his valiant troops. 
Idomeneus, well skill’d to hurl the spear, 

The Cretans from Gortina Cnossus led : 

Lyctus, Miletus, and Leucastos white ; 

Phestus and Rhytios, cities worthy note ; 

And those who from’ her hundred cities τοῖο 645 
To battle sent: Idomeneus, in arms 

tenown'd, commanded ; with Meriones, 

Like Mars in fight: whom eighty ships convey’d. 


Tlepolemus the son of Hercules, 


54 THE ILIAD, 


In stature vast, and size, the Rhodians led: 

In nine tall ships, from Rhodes, and Lindos town ; 

From Ialyssos, and Camiron white: 

These brave Tlepolemus commanded: him 

Astyochia bare to Hercules, 

Whom he from Ephyra, and Selle’s stream, 

Destroying many cities, captive brought. 

Tlepolemus, to years mature δάνδης ἃ, 

Slew old Licymnius, uncle to his sire ; 

And ships prepar’d for flight, and o’er the sea 

The brave companions of his fate convey'd, 

To shun the rage of dread Alcides’ sons, 

Breathing revenge for old Licymnius’ death: 

After great dangers he at Rhodes arriv'd, 

And, disembarking there his faithful bands, 

His peaceful reign establish’d; by the arm 665 

Of mighty Jove protected ; who o’er all 

In earth and heav’n with pow'r supreme commands, 

Who with unnumb’red riches blest their toils, 
Nireus three ships from Sume led to Troy, 

Whom fair Aglaia to Charopus bore ; 670 

Nireus, in beauty first of all the host 


After Achilles: few indeed his troops, 


Small his experience and his strength in war. 


Next from Nisuros, Casus, Crapathus, 


II. THE ILIAD. 


From Cos the city of Eurypylos, 
And from Calydne’s isles, Phidippus arm’d ; 
And Antiphus, from great Alcides sprung 
By Thessalus ; their bands in thirty ships. 

Say now Pelasgic Argos’ martial bands, 
Whom Alos, Alope, ‘Trechnia, sent ; 680 
Phthia and Hellas, much for beauty fam’d ; 
By various names, Hellenians, Myrmidons, 
Achaians known; these swift Achilles brought 
From Thessaly, in fifty ships, to Troy. 
But they no more prepar'd them to the war; 685 
No leader marshall’d them to deeds of arms: 
Inglorious at his ships Achilles lay, 
Much griev’d for fair Briseis, captive maid, 
His valued prize from cities overthrown, 
Lyrnessus and the spacious walls of Thebes, 600 
Where fell Muneta and Epistrophus, 
Euenus’ sons, of high renown in arms: 
For her he shunn’d the war, full soon to rise again. 
From Phylace and verdant Pyrrhasus, 
Sacred to Ceres; from Itona fam’d 695 
For num’rous flocks; Antrona, by the sea ; 
And Pteleon for its verdure far renown’d, 
His troops Protesilaus led to Troy ; 
Soon by the cruel Fates of life depriv’d ; 


E 4 


56 THE ILIAD. 


Whilst his much-grieved wife in Phylace, 

And scarce-establish’d house, lament his death, 

Slain by some Trojan chief as from his ship 

Foremost he leap’d upon the Trojan shore. 

Yet were they not without a chief to lead 

Their martial bands, though him they greatly 

mourn’d: 705 

Podarces, of Iphiclus warlike son, 

Protesilaus’ brother, to the war 

Albeit inferior far in deeds of arms, 

His forces marshall’d on Scamander’s plains: 

To Trojan shores in forty ships convey’d. 
Eumelus next, from Phere by the lake 

Of Beebe, Iaolcus, Glaphyre, 

His forces arm’d; (Admetus’ warlike son, 

By fair Alceste, pride of Pelia’s race ;) 

And in eleven vessels pass d the main. 

Next from Methone and Thaumacia, 

From Melibcea, from Olizon’s rocks, 

Skill’d to direct th’ unerring shaft aright 

With matchless art, brave Philoctetes led 

In seven ships his troops, expert to ply 

The cumbrous oar, or aim the fatal shaft. 


ἜΤ . 9 " . Ὰ " . 
Yet he in Lemnos’ isle, with grief and pain 


l’ormented, from a pois nous hydra’s bite, 


ΤΠ ΠΝ tS Ce nN 


IT. THE ILIAD: 


Afflicted lay ; whom there the Grecians left, 

Incapable of war though great in arms. 725 
Him soon the Greeks, howe’er forgetful now, 

Will anxious seek to aid the fall of Troy : 

Nor wanted they a leader; them the son 

Of Ajax Ojileus to the battle led, 

Medon the brave, whom beauteous Rhena bore, 730 
From Tricca, from Ithome’s lofty crag, 

Céchalia, city erst of Eurytus, 

The warlike sons of Zsculapius, 

Machaon, Podalirius, brave in arms, 

And in the art of healing deeply skill'd ; 

In thirty ships their valiant forces brought. 
From Ormenos, and Hyperia’s stream, 

Asterion, and the cliffs of Titanus, 

His troops Eurypylus, Euzemon’s son, 

Brought to the Trojan shores in forty ships. 

Argissa and Gyrtona next supplied 

Their martial bands from Oloossa white ; 

Orthe, Helone; them Pirithous’ son, 

Brave Polypeetes, marshall’d to the fight ; 

Pirithous boasting high descent from Jove. 

Hippodamia to Pirithous bore 

Great Polypoetes on the day he slew 


The shaggy Centaurs, driving them amain 


58 THE ILIAD, 


From Pelion to the bounds of Thessaly. 


An equal share of pow’r Leonteus claim’d, 


Coroneus’ warlike son. In forty ships 

They led their forces.to the Trojan shores. 
Goneus, from Cyphus, two-and-twenty ships 

Led through the foaming main: in these embark’d 

The Eneans, and Perzbi brave in fight, 755 

Who by Dodona dwelt, in ruthless storms 

Where winter reigns severe; and they who till 

Their lands by pleasant Titaresion, 

To Peneus sending his transparent stream, 

Nor deigns to mix his clear peilucid wave, 760 

But light as oil upon the surface floats, 

Deriv’d from Styx, the sacred oath of gods. 
Prothous the brave Magnetes arm’d to war, 

Tenthredon’s son, from Peneus, and the proves 

Of Pelion; in forty ships convey’d. 

The leaders these, and mighty chiefs of Greece. 

Now, Muse, relate who most in arms excell’d 

Of all the host; who rein’d the noblest steeds. 
First in the race, and of Pheretian breed, 

Eumelus’ coursers whirl’d the rapid car, 

Swift as the eagle’s wing, in colour match’d, 

And size: Apollo in Pieria’s plains 


Nourish’d them, matchless in the rapid course, 


II. THE ILIAD. 


Or to spread terror through the ranks of war, 
Of men the bravest, Ajax Telamon, 
Whilst swift Achilles, at his tent retir’d, 
Cherish’d dire rage; for he excell’d in might, 
And his of generous steeds the fleetest far. 
Incens'd with him who bore supreme command, 
With Agamemnon, at his ships he lay 780 
Inactive ; whilst his forces on the strond, 
In sports contending, to the distant goal 
Speed the swift arrow, throw the pond’rous quoit, 
Or hurl the spear: their horses at the car 
The chieftains rein’d, still eager for the fight: 785 
Albeit, obedient to their leader’s will, 
Unarm’d, inactive, through the camp they stray’d. 
Thus mov'd the Greeks, as when devouring flames 
O’erspread the plain; as erst, when angry Joye, 
[ndignant, hurl’d terrific thunder down, 790 
And whelm’d Typheeus huge in Arime, 
Beneath incumbent mountains: so beneath 
Their numerous feet earth groan’d as on they mov'd 
lager to fight, and rapid march’d along. 
Now Iris, sent from zegis-bearing Jove, 795 


The unwelcome tidings to the Trojans brought : 


They at their monarch’s palace council held, 


Old men and young; whom Iris, in the form 


66 THE ILIAD. I, THE ILIAD. 


Of Priam’s son, Polites, near approach’d., Bateia, by the gods Myrynne’s tomb: 


ἀν ee! ἘΣ ee eRe ake NN tee ae 
DNS eT γε El anadd Beale μ 


(Polites swift of foot, who at the tomb 800 There Trojans and allies their numerous troops 


Of old Zsétes watch’d the Grecian host, 4 Assembled. Hector, by his varied crest 82 
To note when from their ships they bent their ᾿ Distinguish’d, led the warlike Trojans on, 


march, ) In numbers and in might superior far. 


iit? 


ΣΝ, eM ΣΡ ΤΉ ΠΡ 


/Eneas to the war the Dardans arm’d, 


“ O venerable sire, as though in time Of Venus and Anchises’ mighty son 


“ Of peace, vain useless converse here you hold ; ie In Ida born, of more than mortal race ; 


᾿» + ᾿ if 7: ᾿ S γε ik ΄ 7 ν᾽ 
Yet war, portentous war, the state impends: 805 ἢ With him Antenor's warlike sons advanc’d, 
“ Though present often in the conflict dire, : Archilochus and valiant Acamas. 


[44 


A host in numbers and in ΡΟΝ so great | : They who inhabit Ida’s utmost, bounds, 


* As now approacheth, I have ne’er beheld : ba And fair Zelia by Atsepus’ stream ; 
Like leaves, or as the sea sand, numberless 810 3 Them Pandarus, Lycaon’s son, well taught 
They pour along the plain, and this way tend. | ᾿ By Phoebus to direct th’ unerring shaft, 
Hector, to thee, chief captain of our host, [ : To battle arm’d. Adrastus’ city next, 
I counsel thus: Since men of various tongues | ; Apesus, Pityia, and the crag 
Have join’d their forces to our Trojan arms, = Of high Teria, sent their martial bands: 


Let then each several leader bear command, 815 : Adrastus these, and Amphius, led on, 


And marshal to the fight his native troops.” ᾿ Sons of Percosian Merops, deeply skill’d 

She spake: when Hector knew the voice divine, Ἢ In prophecy, nor would permit his sons 
And straight dismiss’d the coungi] ; and to arms, : To join the doubtful war: they list’ned not 
Through the wide-opening gates, both horse and foot, 4 His voice, by Fate’s resistless hand impell'd. 
Rush’d forth impetuous: dreadful was the noise. ; Percote next, and Practius’ martial bands; 845 

A lofty mount, retird. yet near to Troy, 821 Sestos, Abydos, and Arisbe fair, 


Rises above the plain, by mortals call’d . The warlike son of Hirtacus led on 


62 THE ILIAD. 


In order due: Aresbian coursers, bred 
By Selle’s stream, the valiant Asius bore. 
Hippothous arm’d the brave Pelasgians, 
From rich Larissa, with Pylzus join’d, 
His brother, of Pelasgian Lethus’ sons. 
Pirus and Acamas their Thracian troops 
Brought from the stormy coast of Hellespont. 
Euphemus led the brave Ciconians, 855 
Son of Troezenus, Cea’s royal race. 
Arm‘d with the bow and shaft, Pyrzchmes led 
The stout Pzonians, far from Amudon ; 
From Axius’ stream, of rivers purest far. 
Pylemenes the Paphlagonians brought 860 
From Enetz, and from Parthenius’ stream ; 
And from Cytorus, and from Sesamus, 
Cromna, Agialus, and Erythini. 
The Halizonians, Epistrophus 
And Hodius led, from distant Alybe ; 
From Alybe, for purest silver fam’d. 
Chromis the Mysians, and Ennomus 


Well skill’d in augury, to battle arm’d: 


Yet vain that skill, when stern Achilles’ rage 


With slaughter'd heaps impeded Xanthus’ course. 
Phorcys the Phrygians, and Ascanius, 871 


Far from Ascania led, eager for war. 


ως 


* THE ILIAD. 


Pylzmen’s sons, Mesthles and Antiphus, 
From Tmolus led the brave Mzonians. 

Nastes the Carians led, of barbarous tongue, 875 
Who by Miletus dwell, and Phthiron’s woods, 
Meander’s stream, and Mycale’s high crag: 

These Nastes and Amphimachus led on: 

Amphimachus and Nastes, Nomion’s sons, 

In gold attir’d, who rashly dar’d the war, 

At Xanthus’ stream by great Achilles slain. 
Sarpedon last, and Glaucus, led their troops 


From Lycia’s realm and rapid Xanthus’ source, 


THE ILIAD. 


BOOK IIL. 


. : Στ ͵ 
E/acu host in order by their chiefs array'd, 


With shouts the Trojans mov'd along the plain 
Tumultuous; as when unnumb’red cranes, 
From wintry storms and more inclement skies, 
O’er wide extended seas their flight pursue, 
And through the air to the pygmean race 


Destruction bring, and death. The Greeks mean- 


= 
A 


time 
With silent rage movd onward, firmly bent 
By mutual aid each other to assist. 

As the south wind upon the mountain top 10 
Spreads the thick mist, for deeds of darkness meet. 
Unfriendly to the shepherd, who in vain 
With bounded view o’erlooks his scatt’red flocks - 
So from unnumb’red feet the dust in clouds 
Uprose, as on they urg’d their rapid march. 

Now front to front array d each army stood, 
When Paris forth advanc'd in glitt’ring arms, 


His shoulders covered with a panther’s hide: 


ITF. THE ILIAD. 


Two spears he brandish’d, and to single fight 
Challeng’d the bravest of the Grecian host. 

Him Menelaus, eager for the war, 

With haughty strides advancing, soon perceiv'd. 

As when the lion on some larger beast, 

Or stag with branching horns, οὐ shaggy goat, 

By hunger press’d, alights: though dogs and men 25 
Fearless attack, unmov’'d he still devours. 

So Menelaus at the sight rejoic'd; 

And eager to revenge his mighty griefs, 

All-arm’d, from forth his lofty chariot sprung. 

Him thus advancing Paris first beheld, 30 
And quick retreated, stung with conscious shame 
And guilt, and to the ranks in haste retird. 

As from the brake retreats with hasty step 

The fright’ned traveller, when unawares 

He sees the crested snake; fear shakes his limbs, 
And o'er his face a sudden paleness casts : 

So Paris started, trembled, and retir’d 

Within the ranks, and shunn’d his mighty foe. 

Him Hector thus with sharp rebuke address'd: 
“ Unhappy Paris, of thy beauty vain ; 40 
““ Deceiver false! O hadst thou ne'er been born, 

“* Or perish’d ere perform’d the nuptial tie ; 
“ Rather than thus thy country t 


I 


THE ILIAD. ill. 


The seorn and just contempt of all the Greeks, 


Who, judging from thy form, might deem thee 


“ brave! 45 
But thou art weak of mind, and cowardly ; 
And being such, how couldst thou dare, in ships 
Passing the seas, from Apia basely steal 
' The wife of a far braver man than thou ? 
‘ Grief inexpressible to all thy race, 
* Thy father, and thy country, and thyself; 
But to our foes matter of greatest joy. 
What! fear’st thou Menelaus to engage ? 
Soon shouldst thou know from whom thou dost 
“ withhold 
The partner of his bed; nor may thy harp, 55 
Nor Cytherea’s gifts, nor form, nor grace, 
Avail, when vanquish’d thou shalt bite the dust. 
Trojans want courage, or with stones o’erwhelm’d 
Long since thou’dst paid the forfeit of thy 
“ crimes.” 
Paris replied: “ True, Hector, are thy words; 60 
And I have justly merited reproach. 
Thy mind unwearied,—as the sharp’ned axe 
Strength addeth to the cunning workman’s hand, 
Who shapes the timber for some lofty bark,— 


Thy mighty mind, with fear no converse holds. 


a) 


Ill. FHE ILIAD. 


€€ 


«{ς 


Reproach me not with Cytherea’s gifts ; 


The gifts of heav’n are not to be contemn’d 


‘ When freely given, yet above control 


Of human pow’r. If, Hector, such thy wish, 


' ‘That I, and singly too, this contest try; 70 


Cause each contending host to rest their arms, 
Whilst I and Menelaus, in the midst, 


For beauteous Helen and the spoils engage : 


‘ Let him whom heaven with success shall crown, 


The spoils and glorious prize in triumph bear; 75 


Whilst Greeks and Frojans, in firm league com- 
*“ bin’d 

And amity, these dwell in fertile Troy, 

To Argos those return, for beauty fam’d.” 


He spake: with joy Hector his words receiv'd, 


And hast’ning in the midst, with levell’d spear 80 


Restrain’d his troops obedient: him the Greeks 


With missive arms on every side assail’d. 


When Agamemnon thus the Greeks address’d : 


€¢ 


(ς 


Forbear, ye Greeks, forbear: great Hector comes 
With proposition of no mean import.” 85 
In silence they obey’d; when Hector thus: 
Trojans and Greeks, the words of Paris hear ; 
Paris, the cause of this disastrous war - 

He orders all to ground their hostile arms, 


F 2 


THE ILIAD. ει ] MI. THE ILIAD: 


That hé and Menelaus, singly; may He spake: with joy each host anticipates 


. speed d to desolating war. 
For beauteous Helen and the spoils engage ; A speedy end to des lating war 


* That he whom heaven with success shall crown, Alighting from their cars, in order due 


The spoils and glorious prize in triumph bear, They rein’d the prancing steeds, and on the ground, 


And we in league and amity combine.” Small space between, their glitt’ring arms reclin’d. 


He spake; still silence reign’d throughout the But Hector to the Trojan city sent 


camp ; 95 Two heralds to invite the rev’rend king, 

: . _ 9 at 4 "tac ς 
When Menelaus thus the chiefs address’d : Of age experienc’d, to attend the rites: 
“ Hear also me, whose mighty griefs exceed The Grecians from their ships, to mighty Jove 120 
All common bounds; yet I with joy perceive Sacred, th’ unblemish’d lamb, as order’d, sent. 


= ; : Ι V > τ .» . . ᾿ ὦ 
Some termination to the toils of war, Meantime the varied Iris, messenger 


Since Greeks and Trojans both have much en- Of gods, from heav'n to beauteous Helen came ; 


ἐὲ Guat 100 The form of fair Laodice she took : 
5 1 ᾿ς το - 27% 
For me, and Paris cause of all our woes: Laodice, of Priam’s royal race, 


‘ Then let him perish whom the Fates decree, Fairest in form and feature; her she found 


"ὦ 7 wr «4 - ~ . - 2 »ἦ 
And you in peace and lasting friendship live. Plying the loom, whose magic art pourtray’d 


| | Ἐπ μμμμμμμμδὲ : va, ae 
Bring then two lambs, ye Trojans, to the Earth © various conflicts of contending hosts, 


Herself the prize; whom Iris thus address’d : 


fe 


And Phoebus sacred, as your rites demand. 105 
Fair bride, approach; and with thy wond’ring 


«ς 


A third we Grecians consecrate to Jove. 


Let Priam’s self this solemn truce attend: eyes 130 


His sons, unsteady, no dependence claim, 

Though by an oath confirm’d; such hee 
“ youth, 

ὧν τ changes ever prone; more prudent age 110 


Examines, and approves what still is best.” 


The assembled hosts of Trojans and of Greeks 
Behold, who erst, on yon blood-stained field 
Contending, fought with more than mortal rage. 
No more the din of battle and the shock 


Of arms is heard ; still silence reigns throughout ; 


70 THE ILIAD. itt, 


“ Whilst on his pond’rous shield, or fixed spear, 
“ Each chieftain stands reclin’d; and in the mids¢ 

Paris and Menelaus now prepare 
Fierce combat, thou thyself the conqu’ror’s meed.” 
Thus spake the goddess; and her mind inspir'’d 

With all her former love and anxious care, 141 

For parents, country, husband, left behind. 

Her radiant face she veil’d, and from the loom 

In haste arose, shedding the frequent tear 

Of fond affection, as her steps she bent, 

Not unattended, to the Sczan gate. 

There the chief counsellors around their king 

Debating sat ; Thymeetes, Panthous, 

And Hicetaon, Lampus, Clytius, 

Antenor, and Ucalegon, far fam’d 

For wisdom, at the Scan gate conven’d : 

Chiefs whose declining years might well excuse 

The toils of war, but on whose rev’rend brows 

Deliberation sat; like grasshoppers, 

Whose shrill voice echoes through the sacred grove, 

Thus on th’ embattled tower assembled sat 156 


These venerable chiefs: when Helen came, 


Much they admir'd, and thus were heard to say : 


“ We cannot Trojans blame, or Grecian chiefs, 


ςς SII; Ν 
That such transcendent beauty should engage 160 


THE ILIAD. 


‘ Contending nations in a tedious war : 

“ Some goddess, scarce disguis’d in mortal fraine: 
“ Yet her return we most devoutly wish, 

“ All-heav'nly as she is; her presence brings 

“ Inevitable fate to all our race.” 165 
Thus spake the chiefs; when Priam's friendly voice 

In mildest accents Helen thus bespoke : 

“ Approach, my child, and take thy seat by me, 
And view thy former husband, and thy friends : 
Nay, child, 1 blame not you; ‘the heav’nly 

*¢ pow'rs, 170 
To Troy unfriendly, have uprais’d this war. 

‘ Tell me what name he bears, whose portly mien, 
And form majestic, chief respect commands: 
Others in stature and in size excel, 

But one more venerably beautiful 175 

These ‘eyes have ne’er beheld: some king, I 
*« deem.” 

Helen replied: “Ὁ much-estéemed sire, 

Most fear’d, yet most belov’d! O had I died 

Ere with thy son I rashly did forsake 

‘ My husband, child, and friends! Yet these things 

“* are: 180 


' And that they are, I do lament me much. 


΄ 
᾿ 


THE ILIAD. 


‘ What you inquire, I will with truth relate. 


ce 


Atrides, king of all the Grecian host, 
You there behold; in council and in war 


Pre-eminent : my brother once so dear, 185 


* My husband’s brother: would he were so now!” 


Him Priam long with wond’ring eyes survey'd, 


And said: “ 0 king, with happy omens born ; 


€¢ 


In empire and in arms, in people blest ; 
For-all the Grecians own thy sov reign sway. 190 


; } ἘῈΓΡ ᾿ " : oe ᾽ 
In Phrygia once great Otreys’ host I view d, 


‘ With Mygdon’s, on the banks of Sangar’s stream, 


Array’d against the warlike Amazons: 
I join’d their forces : yet inferior those 


To the brave warriors uf the Grecian host.” 195 


A second question Priam then address'd, 


When he Ulysses saw: “ Tell me, my child, 


Who's that, in stature less, but broader far 


His ample chest ; his armour on the ground 


Dispos’d, himself the ranks with care surveys 200 


Attentive; as the ram with shaggy fleece 

On every side the num’rous flock regards.” 

Him Helen, sprung from Jove, thus answ’red 
mild: 


Laertes’ son, Ulysses, brave and wise. 


IE. THE ILIAD. 


ες 


ςς 


[4 


Thine eyes behold: yet he to Ithaca, 

A barren island, owes his birth; but far 

His fame extends, deep-read in wisdom’s lore.” 
When thus Antenor prudent: “ True, indeed, 
Thy words, O Helen! I remember well, 

Ulysses once in embassy to Troy, 210 


With Menelaus came, on thy account: 


‘ Those noble guests I then beneath my roof 


Did entertain with hospitality. 


' Their persons and their different pow 'rs'I know. 


When with the Trojans they assembled stood, 


‘ Atrides’ form our first attention drew: 


Ulysses, seated, claim’d superior awe 


And rey’rence ; but when debate arose, 


‘ And eaclt his sentiments in words declar’d ; 


In language plain, in strong and nervous terms 
Concise, Atrides to the purpose spoke: 

But when, in thought profound, Ulysses rose, 
With steadfast look his eyes upon the ground 
He fix’d, nor wav'd his sceptre-bearing hand; 
Unmov’d he stood, and motionless, as one 225 
Unskill’d and inexperienc’d in debate: 

But when he spoke, with firm and manly tone, 


In copious language, like the winter’s snow 


ge TET axermens 
ἈΠΟ ees poate = 


74 THE TLIAD. 

“ Descending thiek, with wondér we adiniv'd 

“ His easy flow of inatchiéss eloquence.” 230 
Agam, when Ajax to his view appear’d, 

Thus question’d Priam: “ Who, of stature vast: 

“ And bulk immense, is that, above the tést >” 
When Helen, fairest ‘of hér sex, replied : 

‘ The mighty Ajax, bulwark of the war: 

‘ Near him, encircled by the Cretan bands, 
Idomeneus, with other mighty chiefs 

* Assembled, stands: for often, ἃδ a guest, 

To Menelaus’ hospitable roof 
The brave Idomeneus to Sparta cane. 240 

* Each Grecian chief I see, atid Ὀαὴ relate 

‘ Their names and rank: for two I look in vain: 

‘ Castor, well skill’d to rei the foaming stéeds, 

* And Pollux, victor in the Pythian games, 

My brothers : Sparta yet perhaps detains 245 

‘ Them distant far ; or, if to Troy they came, 

‘ They shun the conflict, and the plorious toils 
Of war, o'erwhelm’d with erief and shame for fre.” 
Thus Helen spake: but long the silent tomb 

In Sparta, in their native land, embrat’d 250 

Their sad remains, thouch sprung from mighty 


Jove. 


rT. THE ILIAD. 


And now the heralds through the city brotizht, 
For sacrifices meet; two faultless lambs: 
And gen’rous wine. Ideus first advane’d, 
Bearing the glitt’ring bowl, and golden cups, 255 
And thus the venerable king address’d : 
“ Arise, O son of great Laomedon! 
“‘ The Trojans and the Greeks thy presencé wait 
“ On yonder plain to consecrate the rites, 
When Paris and the warlike Atireus’ son 260 
In fiercest conflict shall ἐπ prize dispute ; 
Helen, and all the spoils, the victor’s mieéd : 
‘ And we, in league and amity combin’d, 
Inhabit fertile Troy, and in their ships 
' The Grecians to their native land retiirn.” 265 
The herald spake: with sortow Priam heard 
The unwelcome news; yet bade the chiefs prepare 
His royal chariot: to the destin’d plain 
Antenor, wise, conducts the aged king. 
When now aimidst thé Grecian chiefs atriv’d, 276 
And Trojan, they alighted from their car. 
First Agamemnon and Ulysses rosé 
To greet the Trojan king. Heralds méantime 


The sacred rites prepar'd, and mix’d the wine, 


And pour’d libations on each monarch’s hand. 275 


Atrides from his side unsheath’d the knife, 


"6 THE ILIAD. 


Which ready hung, and from the victim's head 

Sever'd the destin’d hair, which to each chief, 

In order due, the faithful heralds gave; 

When Agamemnon thus preferr'd his prayr: 280 
“ Great Jove, of Ida sov’reign, first and best ; 

“ And thou, O Sun! whose searching. eye per- 

““ vades 

“ Earth’s utmost bounds; Rivers and Earth, attend; 

“ And all ye pow’rs beneath, whose vengeful ire 

“ Doth punish those who dare to violate 285 

““ Their sacred oaths, be witness to ‘our rites! 

“« If Menelaus fall, let Paris take 

“ Helen the glorious prize, and the rich spoils ; 


“ We in our ships will back to Greece return - 


ἐς But if by Menelaus’ warlike hand 290 


‘ Paris o’ercome shall fall, the Trojan chiefs 
‘ Shall duly Helen and the spoils restore, 
‘ And strictly pay the stipulated fine ; 
‘ A fine which shall this solemn act record 
‘ To future times: should Troy refuse to pay, 295 
I will continue this disastrous war, 
Nor home return till just revenge J find.” 
Thus spake the monarch, and the victims slew. 
Which on the ground he plac’d, of life depriv’d, 


Yet quiv’ring in the dust: then from the cup 300 


it, THE ILIAD. 


Pouring rich wine, they to th’ immortal gods, 


Both Greeks and Trojans, thus address’d the pray’r: 


“ O mighty Jove; and all ye pow’rs above! 
““ May they who first this solemn league dissolve, 
“ Pour forth, as we this wine, their vital stream, 305 
“ Their wives led captive to some foreign land !” 
Jove list’ned not the vengeful pray’r of man. 
Priam now rose, and thus the chiefs address’d: 
““ Ye Greeks and Trojans, spare a father’s tears, 
** Nor let my aged eyes the combat see, 310 
“ Which may deprive me of a much-lovd son; 
Permit that I again to Troy return: 
' ‘The dread event is known to heav’n alone.” 
Thugs Priam spake, and then within the car 
The victims plac’d: Antenor, by his side 315 
Seated, conducts him to the walls of Troy. 
Now Hector and Ulysses mark'd the ground, 
And in the brazen helmet cast the lots, 
Who first the spear should hurl against the foe. 
Each host their secret wishes thus express’: 320 
“ Great Jove, of Ida sov’reign, first and best ; 
‘«* Let him the dreary shades of Pluto’s realm 
“ς First enter, who this hateful war began : 


“ ‘Whilst we-in peace and amity unite.” 


78 THE HLIAD. 


Thus spake they. Hector shook the brazen 
casque, 325 
With eyes averted ; when his brother’s lot, 
The lot of Paris, first to hurl the spear, 
Leap'd forth: in order round each army sat, 
Their glitt’ring armour and their chariots near. 
First Paris arm’d him for the deadly fight: 330 
The silver-studded greayes his legs embrac’d ; 
Lycaon’s breastplate arm’d his manly chest ; 
His glitt’ring faulchion o’er his shoulders hung: 
Then high he rais’d his pond’rous massy shield, 
And o’er his brow the nodding helmet plac’d, 335 
And grasp’d his mighty spear. Atrides now 
In armour clad appeard; and in the midst 
Of either host, with lofty strides advanc'd, 
And aspect stern, all eager to engage : 
Astonishment and fear each breast assail’d. 340 
And now within the measur'd space they stood, 
Shaking their hostile spears in anger fierce. 

Paris first hurl’d his lance, and smote the shield 
Of Menelaus ; but the treach’rous point 
Fell blunted, nor might pierce the sev’n-fold orb. 
Then rose the might of Atreus’ warlike son, 346 


Who thus to mighty Jove address’d his pray’: 


Il. ἘΠΕ ILIAD, 79 


“ O Jove supreme, now, grant me just revenge 

On faithless Paris; let this arm subdue 

The man who dared to violate the rites 350 

Of sacred friendship,; that mankind may learn 
‘ Fo shun, from his example, base deceit.” 

He spake; and brandishing aloft his spear, 
Hurl'd it with force impetuous: through the shield 
And corselet quick it piere’d: bending, he shunn’d 
The fatal point, and scarce escap’d from death. 356 

Atrides drew his sword, and rushing on 
With rapid step, his helmet struck amain: 


The faithless sword fell, shiv’red, to the ground. 


Atrides, grieving from his inmost soul, 360 


With eyes to heav’n uprais’d, thus loud exclaim’d: 
“QO mighty Jove! unjust at least in this, 
Above the gods! vainly I thought indeed 
‘ To have reveng’d my wrongs: my broken sword, 
And erring spear, bespeak neglected right.” 365 
He spake; and rushing forward, seiz’d the plume 
Which nodded o’er his helmet, and with force 
The vanquish’d ‘l'rojan to the Grecian host 
Drageg’d headlong, struggling: him th’ embroid’red 
thong 
Beneath his tender chin, with pain severe 


Encumb’red. Then the victor had obtain’d 


80 THE ILIAD. 


Immortal honour. - But the watchful pow'r 

Of Venus interpos’d: she broke the thong, 

And in his hand an empty helmet left ; 

Which towards the Greeks the indignant victor 
hurl’d 375 

With vehemence: his friends the spoil receiv'd. 

Again he rush’d with vengeance on his foe; 

But Venus in a cloud convey'd him thence 

Unseen, and in the bridal chamber plac’d ; 

There sweet perfumes his dying sense reviv'd. 380 

The goddess then souglit Helen: her she found 

By her attendants, at the lofty tow’r, 

Encircled ; when her robe, with gentle touch 

Attractive, pulling, like the feeble age 

Of old Eurocomus, of Spartan race, 

The friend and partner of fair Helen’s woes: 

In form like her, thus Venus smiling said : 

“ Hither away ; thy Paris calls thee home, 

** On lofty couch reclin’d in sweet repose, 389 

With odours dropping ; thither bend thy steps : 

“ Not like some warrior from the ensanguin’d plain, 

“ But from the festive dance, in jJocund trim, 

* Return’d, or thither voing.” ‘Thus she spake, 

And her attention rais’d: but when perceiv'd 


Her beauteous neck with form superior turn’d, 


ΠῚ. THE ILIAD. 


And eyes with heav’nly lustre sparkling bright, 
Astonish’d, thus the goddess she address’d : 
“ Why dost thou spread again the fatal snare? 
** To what far distant city wouldst thou lead 
' Thy wretched captive, to some favour’d man ? 400 
Paris thus conqu’red, Atreus’ warlike son 
‘ Would take me back to my dear native land; 
Therefore thou com’st with deepest mischief 
“ fraught. 
Return again to Paris : quit the paths 
Of heav’n, nor to Olympus bend thy steps; 405 
But dwell with him, and be his constant guard, 
Till he shall make thee or his wife or slave. 
I will not go, nor do so base an act, 
To wait his pleasure; scorn’d by Trojan dames, 
Oppress’d already with unnumb’red woes.” 410 
When her displeasure Venus thus express’d ; 
' Awaken not, all wretched as thou art, 
My anger; lest, enrag*d, I do forsake, 
And hate thee as I once did love thee much; 
And sow between the two contending hosts : 415 


Such bitter enmity, such dire revenge, 


That nothing but thy death can satisfy.” 


She spake, and Helen fear'd to disobey ; 
But silent, unobserv’d, in veil obscur’d, 


G 


82 THE ILIAD. 


Reluctant, follow’d where the goddess led, 
To the fair palace: there their several works 
Her maids obedient plied. Venus meantime 
Conducted Helen to the lofty room 

Where Paris sat reclin’d, and by his side 


Plac’d her, unwilling: with averted eyes, 425 


Indignant, thus her husband she reproach’d : 


““ And art thou from the combat safe return’d ? 
Would thou hadst perish’d by a braver hand, 
‘ The hand of my dread lord! Where now thy 
“© boast 
Of strength, and might superior? Dar’st thou 
* then 430 
‘ A second combat try, and face thy foe? 
Ah! venture not again the warlike son 
Of Atreus to engage; nor rashly prove 
‘ An easy conquest to the victor’s arms.” 
To her the vanquish’d Paris thus replied: 438 
Cease thy reproach, O fairest of thy sex! 
Aided by Pallas, Menelaus boasts 
The palm of victry now; I, in my turn, 
With heav’n’s assistance, may reclaim the prize 
Hereafter: but far other thoughts demand 440 
Our care; for never did thy charms so touch 


My ravish’d sense ; not when I first convey'd 


ITT. THE ILIAD: 


“« Thee, not unwilling, in my hollow ships 
“Το Craniae’s isle, from Sparta much belov’d, 
“ As now I love thee, Helen.” Thus he spake, 445 
And led the way; she follow’d, nothing loth, 
Atrides now, like some fiérce lioness 
Robb’d of her whelps, enrag’d, with hasty step 
Advancing through the ranks, his foe requir’d, 
With fruitless search: not one could point him out 
Of all the num’rous host : yet not for love, 
Or for regard, would any have conceal’d 
The author and the cause of all their woes; 
Just object of their most determin’d hate : 
When Agamemnon thus address’d the chiefs: 455 
“ Ye Trojans, Dardans, and allies, attend - 
To Menelaus victory belongs. 
Bring then the spoils, and Helen safe restore, 
And pay the fine I justly shall impose ; 
A fine which may this solemn act record 
To distant times, and ages yet unborn.” 


He spake; and loud applauses rent the skies. 


THE ILIAD. β ΝΠ ν᾿ THE ILIAD. 


Pallas indignant, and Saturnia heard, 


And disapprov’d ; the goddess of the war 


Suppress’d, though deeply griev’d. her michtv m; 1; 
| Bait 8 g ply griev'd, her mighty mind; 
BOOK IV. 


But her displeasure thus Saturnia spoke : 


“Ὁ pow'r supreme, what hast thou now decreed? 
Anp now, on golden thrones, with Jove supreme, | ‘ And wilt thou render all my labours vain ? 26 
Assembled, sat the high immortal pow’rs ; | ‘ Labours immense, and troubles infinite, 
Hebe with wine the golden goblet crown’d, “ Which in this conflict I have undergone, 
Nectarean, whilst beneath them they survey’d ‘ Wearying immortal coursers to destroy 
The Trojan city, and suspended war ; * The Trojan name. What you decree, must stand 
When thus with feign’d rebuke, and tacit blame, | ' Fix’d; yet we cannot, do not all] approve.” 
Great Jove address’d the sov’reign Queen of heav'n: ᾿ In anger Jove replied: “ Unfortunate! 
“ Two goddesses with aid divine assist What can or Priam or his sons have done, 
Atrides’ son; Minerva’s warlike power, 1 ‘ That thou shouldst hate them so, and ceaseless 
And Argive Juno; yet, all unconcern’d, * strive 
Apart they sit: but with more constant care * To overthrow the well-built city Troy ὃ 35 
Venus her favour’d warrior still protects, : ‘ What! thou wouldst enter through her lofty 
And now hath sav’d him from impending fate : “< gates, 
‘ 'To Menelaus victory belongs. 1 ‘ And Priam and his sons, within the walls, 
Consult we then to what these measures tend: 15 j Alive devour, to satiate thy revenge ! 
Shall we again renew the dreadful war; Be it so then; nor Troy, as heretofore, 
Or both unite in amity and peace: ‘* In highest heav’n be cause of fierce debate. 40 
If all approve, Troy shall again uprear Ι But this I tell thee, and remark it well,— 
Her head triumphant; and the pride of Greece, ‘ When I decree some lofty city’s fall, 


Helen, return with Menelaus home.” 2¢ ‘ Though patroniz’d by thee, think not to stay 


THE ILIAD. 


My anger, or arrest my lifted arm: 

I gave thee Troy, but with no willing mind; 45 

For of all cities which the sun surveys 

Beneath the starried canopy of heav’n, 

By mortal men inhabited, I lov’d 

That city, Priam, and his warlike race; 

' For never did his altars cease to burn 

With sacrifices due to heav’n’s high King.” 

When Juno, venerable, thus replied : 

I have, indeed, three cities much belov’d, 

Argos and Sparta, and the spacious walls 

Of large Mycenz: these thou mayst destroy 55 

* When they incur thy hatred; I nor care, 

Nor will oppose ; and though I should oppose, 

It would avail me nothing, for thy strength 

‘ And pow’r supreme can never know restraint. 

Yet why should I, Goddess and Queen of 
“ heav’n, 

' Daughter of Saturn, and the wife of Jove, 

In vain contend? Let us by turns control 

The wayward fate of man; th’ immortal pow rs 

‘ Will gladly follow where we lead the way. 

Let then Minerva, mov’d by your command, 65 

Descend where Greeks and Trojans cease from 


“ fight, 


Iv. THE ILIAD. 


ἐς Dissolve the truce, and let the flames of war, 
“ Through Trojan perfidy rekindled, blaze.” 

She spake; the Sire of gods and men approv'd, 
And Pallas thus bespoke: “ Haste to the field, 70 
“ Dissolve the truce, and let the flames of war 
“ Rekindled blaze.” He spake; when from above 
Descending, from Olympus’ lofty top, 

The martial goddess urg’d her rapid flight : 

Like to some meteor which Saturnian Jove 
Portentous sends: amaz’d the sailor views 

The dreadful omen, and th’ embattled host 
Shrinks panic-struck ; whilst, in long train behind, 
The glitt’rmg sparks shoot forth with vivid licht : 
So rush’d Minerva to the plains of Troy, 80 


And mingled with the host: fear seiz’d each mind, 


And Greeks and Trojans thus were heard to say: 


“ War, dreadful war, or peace doth Jove portend, 
“ From whom alone both peace and war derive.” 
Thus they: but Pallas, like Antenor’s son, 85 
Ent’red the Trojan host, if she might find 

Lycaon’s son, the godlike Pandarus. 

Him, brave and blameless, in the thickest ranks 
Of warriors from /Esepus’ banks she found, 

And near approaching, thus address’d the chief: 90 


“ Hast thou, then, courage to perform my wish, 


88 THE ILIAD. 


“ O son of brave Lycaon, and direct 

“Αἱ Menelaus thy unerring shaft ? 

“ The Trojans will, with grateful thanks, repay 
The deed ; but chiefly Paris, who with gifts 95 
Splendid and rich thy merit will reward, 

If, haply, by thy skill great Atreus’ son, 
Conqu’red and slain, ascend the fun’ral pyle, 
Haste, then, direct thy shaft; but first by pray’r 
Invoke Apollo’s aid, of Lycia king, 100 
Far fam’d for matchless skill in archery : 

‘ To him devote a hecatomb of lambs 
Unblemish’d, firstlings of thy num’rous flocks, 
When to Zelia’s sacred walls return’d.” 

Minerva spake: exulting he approv’d, 

Improvident ; then took his polish’d bow, 

Spoil of the mountain goat, slain by his hand 

With well-directed shaft as from the rock 

Forth rushing he surpris d it; and the wound 

Deep in its heart infix’d: headlong it fell 110 

Lifeless; full sixteen palms extended then 

The branching honours of its shaggy brow. 

The cunning workman shap'd the polish’d horn, 

And tipp’d the points with gold. His bow, unseen, 

He took, and bending to the ground inclin’d, 115 


Shelt’red by num’rous and surrounding friends, 


IV. THE ILIAD. 89 


Who with their orbid shields his purpose screen’d, 
Lest seen, the warlike Greeks should to the fight 
Impetuous rush ere Menelaus fall. 
The quiver then he took, and from within 120 
Drew forth the winged shaft, yet unessay d— 
Sad cause of bitter woes—and to the string 
Applied the fatal arrow, and address’d 
His pray’r to dread Apollo, Lycia’s king, 
Far fam’d for matchless skill in archery ; 
To him devoting hecatombs of lambs 
When to Zelia’s sacred walls return’d. 
The string and arrow then with force he drew ; 
That to his chest, and to the polish’d bow 
The pointed steel: the circled bow resounds; 130 
Shrill sounds the quiv’ring string, and to the mark 
Leaps forth, and rapid flies the pointed shaft. 

Nor were the gods unmindful of thy fate, 
Atrides; chiefly Pallas, who the wound 
Check’d, interposing, and repress'd its force. 135 

As the fond mother from her sleeping child 
The biting insect drives; she in the belt, 
Where double folds and clasps of gold protect, 


Infix’d the shaft, directed by her hand: 


Through the wrought belt and golden clasps it 


pierc’d 140 


90 THE ILIAD. 


Impetuous, nor might the thickest folds 
Its course impede, such aid Apollo lent, 
Till in his body fix’d it piere’d the skin 
Lightly, and drew the stream of purple gore. 
As when pure ivory with Tyrian dye 
Distain’d by female skill of Mzonis 
Or Caria shows, when for the warrior horse 
Rich trappings she designs, the costly gift 
With envy view’d, the pride of chivalry, 
Adorns the lefty chamber, form’d to deck 
The gorgeous frontlet of a monarch’s steed : 
So'show’d thy limbs, Atrides, stain’d with gore, 
As to the ground the purple current flow’d. 
With horror seiz’d, the Grecian king beheld 
The blood still flowing from his brother’s wound. 
Then first did fear thy mighty mind appall, 156 
O Menelaus! but when seen the barb 
Not ent’red, then the spirit back return’d. 
Pressing his brother's hand, with falt’ring voice 
Thus Agamemnon spake ; surrounding chiefs 160 


Meantime in silence wept: “ Brother belov'd, 


“ This truce, this fatal truce, hath seal’d thy doom, 


“ Whom I to single combat have expos’d : 
“ By this thy wound the Trojans have dissolv’d 


* This solemn league : yet surely not in vain 165 


“᾿- THE ILIAD. 


Our sacred oaths, our sacrifices meet, 

Our plighted hands, and vows of amity : 

Though Jove his vengeance stay, yet will his 
“ wrath 

With tenfold fury burst upon their heads, 

And on their wives and children, for this deed. 

For well I know the time will surely come, 171 

When Troy’s proud city level with the dust 

‘ Shall lie, and Priam and his people fall 

In undistinguish’d ruin: mighty Jove 

Saturnian, dwelling in the highest heavn, 175 

Himself shall shake his egis o’er their heads 

Portentous, for this folly most enrag’d : 

Nor cease till all things be accomplished. 

But deep affliction for thy sake I feel, 

Brother, and tremble lest this treach’rous wound 

Prove mortal: how oppress'd with shame and grief 

Shall I return to Argos, much-belov’d! 

The Greeks with haste will quit these hostile 
“* plains, 

To Priam and the Trojans Helen leave, 

Their boasted prize; whilst on th’ ensanguin’d 
“ plain 185 

Thy scatt’red bones lie bleaching to the winds, 


‘ Thy labours lost, thy works unfinished : 


92 THE ILIAD. 


“ ‘When o’er thy dust insulting, thus shall say 
“The haughty Trojan,—‘ So may Grecia’s king 
“ With fruitless rage his enemies pursue, 190 
* And lead his baffled forces back to Greece, 

His ships all scatt’red, and his brother slain " 

Ere this I hear, may death my being end!” 

Him Menelaus thus encouraging 
Answ’red: “ Nor fear yourself, nor cause our men 
“ To fear; the shaft is in no mortal place ; 196 


“ Stopp’d by the well-wrought belt, and golden 


“ clasps.” 
When Agamemnon thus: “ Be it so, then; 
Yet let the skilful hand medicinal 
Its aid apply, and all thy pains remove. 
Haste, then, Talthybius ; Aesculapius’ son 
Machaon hither speed; that he may see 
My warlike brother, whom some T rojan chief, 
Or Lycian, hath with well-directed shaft 
Wounded; their boast, but our most bitter grief.” 
He spake; when hast’ning through the Grecian 
host, 206 
Talthybius Asculapius’ skilful son 
Machaon-sought ; him, circled by his friends, 


From Tricca, and Ithome’s tow'rs, he found, 


And thus approaching spake: “ Hither away, 210 


IV; THE ILIAD. 93 


Machaon, Agamemnon bids thee come 
And heal his brother, whom some Trojan chief, 
Or Lycian, hath with well-directed shaft 
‘ Wounded; their boast, buit our most bitter grief.” 
He spake; when quickly through the Grecian 
host 
Machaon to the wounded chief repair’d : 
Around him stood, with anxious care oppress’d, 
Atrides and the chiefs: first, from his belt 
He drew the shaft; the barbed point again 
Resisting, bent: the well-wrought belt remov’d, 220 
And girdle underneath, with gentle hand 
The clotted gore he press’d, and wip d away ; 
Then cleans’d the wound with ointment, and applied 
The potent juice of herbs medicinal, 
Whose secret virtues and rare qualities 
Sage Chiron to his father erst disclos’d. 
Whilst thus employ’d the Trojans clos'd their ranks, 
Resum’d their arms, and for the fight prepar’d, 
Then, nor with fear assail’d, confus’d, inert, 
Mightst thou behold great Atreus’ warlike son; 230 
His noble mind for martial glory burn’d, 
Impatient for the fight. Quitting forthwith 
His rapid car, (which Ptolemzus’ son, 


Eurymedon, apart prepared, held, 


04 THE ILIAD: 


Lest as th’ extensive army he review'd 

Fatigue his limbs invade,) on foot he mov’d 

Through the thick ranks, and with persuasive words 

Their courage rous‘d, and all their valour arm’d. 

““ Grecians, your wonted bravery renew ; 

“* Know, Jove assists not those who violate 240 

“* Their sacred oaths; them shall the rav nous birds 

* Of air devour who deal in perjury, 

“ Whilst we (their city levell’d to the dust) 

“ Their wives and children bear triumphant home.” 
But whom averse or negligent to arm 245 

The monarch saw, severe he thus reprov'd : 

“ O shame, O scandal to the name ye bear! 
Why stand ye trembling, like the panting hinds 

“ Which bounding o’er the plain, by sudden fear 

“ Oppress’d, stand motionless, an easy prey? 250 
So you stand trembling, nor prepare for fight. 
What! do you wait the Trojans’ near approach, 

‘ Till on the strond your very ships they seize, 
Unless to guard them Jove himself descend 2” 
Thus Agamemnon through the num’rous host 

In order pass'd. The Cretans arm’d he found; 256 

Idomeneus, their chief, like the fierce boar, 

Lord of the spacious forest: in the rear 


Meriones appear'd. The king rejoic’d, 


Iv. THE ILIAD; 


And thus exulting spake: “ Idomeneus, 
“ I do esteem thee much, and honour thee 
** Above the Grecian chiefs; whether in war 
Or council you assist, or festive board : 
When we the golden goblets crown with wine, 
« Thine, like thy sov'reign’s cup, is ever full, 265 
Unmeasur'd uncontroll’d: rouse then, to arms, 
* And with thy wonted courage dare the fight.” 
Idomeneus replied: “ Know, mighty king, 
“ς I bear a grateful mind, nor will disgrace 


66 My promis’d friendship and firm amity : 


be 


Lead on thy forces to the glorious field, 


< All eager to engage the treach’rous foe ; 


Whom vengeance shall oertake, and sudden fate, 
The just reward of perjury and wrong.” 
He spake: Atrides pass'd, exulting, by, 
To where the troops of either Ajax stood, 
All arm’d, a mighty host. As from the top 
Of some high rock, far off the shepherd sees 
The gathering storm uprise, by southern blast 
Wafted, the bosom of the deep along, 280 
Yet distant, black’ning all th’ horizon round, 
Portending danger ;—to some distant cave, 
Fearful, in haste, he drives his fleecy care : 


So the thick ranks embattled mov'd along 


96 THE ILIAD. 


Round either Ajax, eager for the war, 
And darken’d all the plain. Atrides glad 
Survey’d the martial bands, and thus exclaim’d: 
“ Brave warriors, leaders of the Argive bands, 
Whose daring souls no exhortation need 
“ To deeds of high renown: O had we all 290 
“ That aetive courage, that intrepid mind, 
Soon should proud Troy stoop to her lowest base, 
An easy prey to our victorious arms "ἢ 
He spake, and onward bent his eager step. 
Nestor he found, the venerable chief 
Of Pylos, arming his well-ord’red troops, 
And urging to the fight: him Pelagus, 
Alastor, Chromius, and Hzmon’s strength, 
And Bias, mighty chiefs, attentive wait. 
In front the horse and chariots, duly rang’d, 300 
He plac’d; the num’rous infantry behind 
Clos’d their firm ranks, the bulwark of the war ; 
Troops of suspected valour in the midst 
(All hopes of flight cut off, and fore’d to fight, ) 
The experienc’d leader plac’d: then gave command 
That each his fiery courser duly curb, 395 
Nor break the ranks ; nor, eager to engage, 
Advance before the rest, nor yet retreat ; 


And, through the chance and fortune of the fight, 


Iv. THE ILIAD. 


Should any chieftain quit his rapid car, 
Let him with spear engage, nor dare attempt 
To guide another's fiery foaming steeds, 
Unknowing of his voice: in days of yore 
Victorious thus our great forefathers fought. 

Thus Nestor gave in charge, long time in war 315 
Experienced: him with joy Atrides heard, 
And thus address’d: “ O did thy years but suit 
“ Thy energy of mind! thou bear’st a soul 
Superior; would thy age another had, 
And thou the vigour and the strength of youth !” 
Him Nestor answ’red: “ Such indeed my wish, 
Atrides, could a wish my strength renew 
As when I slew great Ereuthalion. 
But heaven to man dispenses various gifts : 
Then inexperienc’d, young; now bow’d with age, 
Still in my chariot borne | tempt the field, 326 
And with advice assist, and counsel wise, 
The privilege of years; the toils of war, 


The dangerous shock of arms, let youth sustain.” 


He spake: Atrides pass'd exulting on 330 
To Peteus’ son, well skill’d the fiery steed 


I'o rein, brave leader of the Athenian bands: 
Him near, in counsel wise, Ulysses stood, 
With Cephallenian forces, great in arms: 


Η 


98 THE ILIAD. 


For yet they had not heard the din of war, 

And preparation to the conflict dire 

Of Trojans-and of Greeks ; butewaited firm 

Their chief's command, nor to the onset mov’d. 
Them with reproachful words and taunt severe 

Atrides thus address’'d: ““Ὁ Peteus’ son! 340 

“ And thou with craft and wary counsel βίου ἃ, 

‘ Why do you thus aloof and trembling stand, 
You who should first advance, and dare the fight : 
When we some feast to celebrate prepare 
For honourable age, you then im haste 345 
Assemble, and partake the festive board ; 

Now, you all unconcern’d, inactive stand, 
' Though long prepar’d our host, and eager to en- 
“* gage.” 
Ulysses stern replied: ‘“‘ What hast thou said, 

* Atrides? Why this censure, this rebuke; 350 
As if we shunn’d the dangers of the field, 

Nor dar'd, like Grecians, to contend in arms? 
Lead on, and thou shalt see, if such thy will, 
And deeds of valour can delight thy soul, 
The father of Telemachus advance 

First in the war, and nobly dare the foe: 
Know then unjust thy censure, undeserv'd.” 


Atrides, when perceiv'd his anger rous’d, 


Iv, THE ILIAD. 99 


And conscious worth offended, with a smile 
And courteous words address’d him: “ Well I know 
3 


ςς 


Ulysses, all-experienc’d as thou art 361 

“ In counsel, that thou needest not reproof, 

Kind and benignant ever; for the same 

Thy sentiments with mine. If aught in haste 
Offensive hath been said, which heay'n avert, 365 
We shall hereafter your forgiveness claim.” 
He spake ; and left them, hastning through the 

field 
To Tydeus’ son, the warlike Diomed : 


His chariot and his foaming coursers near, 


The warrior stood; and with him Sthenelus, 370 
The son of Capaneus : again, in terms 
Severe, the monarch rous’d them to the war: 
“ΑΒ! why doth Tydeus’ son thus fearful stand, 
With careless eye surveying the deep files 
As for the bloody contest they prepare? 375 
‘ Never did Tydeus’.self thus trembling gaze 


' Aloof, but foremost to the battle rush’d 


Thus: saith report, from those whose wond ring 


ce 


eyes 
Beheld his dread exploits. A peaceful guest 
Once to Mycenez’s lofty tow’rs he came, 380 
With Polynices, like a god in arms, 


H 2 


100 THE ILIAD. 


“ς To ask assistance in the Theban war, 


τὸ 


ae 


(ς 


Nor urg’d his plea in vain; Mycenz’s chiefs 

With zeal his banners join’d: but fate forbade, 

And Jove with dire portents their counsels 
* chang’d. 385 

When now returning, on Asopus’ banks, 

Asopus, who pursues his winding course, 

With rushes crown’d, through wide-extended 


“ς meads, 


‘ The Grecian chiefs in embassy to Thebes 


Great Tydeus sent; undaunted he approach’d 
The hostile walls, a stranger, and alone: 391 
The fierce Cadmeans with their warlike chiefs 
In feast assembled at the royal board 

Of Eteocles; fearless he advanc’d, 

His high commission urg’d, and to the fight 395 


Challeng’d the bravest of his enemies, 


' And vanquish’d all; such aid Minerva gave. 


The enrag’d Cadmeans form’d the dang’rous plan, 
In ambuscade conceald (full fifty youths, 
Meon and Lycophon their chiefs), to slay 400 


Tydeus returning home: abortive prov'd 


‘ Their treacherous intent ; by Tydeus slain, 


ες 


None might escape the fury of his arm, 


Save Mon, Hemon’s son: so Jove decreed. 


Iv. THE ILIAD, 


“ Such Tydeus was; but his degenerate son, 
“ In council only mighty, shuns the war.” 
Tydeus respectful heard, and silence kept ; 
When thus the warlike Sthenelus replied : 
“ O speak not false, Atrides; well thou know’st 
We claim superior honour: Thebes, proud 
“ ‘Thebes, 410 
Stoop’d to our conquering arms ; though fewer far 
Our host, yet trusted we in signs from heaven 
‘ Propitious, and the aid of mighty Jove: 
‘ Not to our fathers, but to us the praise,” 
Him Diomed with firmness thus bespoke. 415 
Such answer ill becomes us, Sthenelus ; 
‘ With silence bear; I not Atrides blame, 
First in command, encouraging his host; 
' If victory shall crown the Grecian arms, 
His be the glory, and ‘the honour his ; 
But tenfold loss and ruin should we fail: 
‘ Then arm we to the field and dare the foe.” 
He spake; and from his chariot leap’d, all arm’d, 
With fearful sound, the bravest to appal. 
As on the lofty shore the swelling surge 425 


In quick succession, rais’d by southern blast, 


Impetuous from the main comes rolling on, 


And breaks with deaf’ning clamour on thé strond, 


102 THE ILIAD. 


O’er each projecting point, each jutted rock 


Impell’d, resistless pours the foaming tide. 430 


Successive thus movd on the Grecian host 

Unceasing to the fight: each chief commands, 

Encourages his troops: in silence dread 

They mov'd respectful ; from their burnisht arms 

Shone light resplendent as they march’d along. 435 
Far otherwise the host of Troy mov’d on; 

Like to the num’rous flocks at eventide 

Pent in the fold; incessant bleating fills 

The circuit wide: so from the Trojan host 

Unceasing clamours rent the vaulted sky, 

From various tongues and Janguages uncouth. 
These. Mars encourag’d, those Minerva rous’d 
To valorous deeds. Terror and Flight were there, 

And Discord fell, sister of bloody Mars ; 
Discord, who, small at first, her monstrous head 445 
Soon lifts to heaven as o’er the earth she stalks : 
Contention dire she scatt’red through each host 
As on she mov’d, and doubled every groan. 

And now each army to the battle rush’d 
In dread array: dire was the clash of arms 450 
Conflicting ; spear with spear, and man with man, 
And shield with brazen shield; the wild uproar 


And din of battle echoed to the skies : 


Iv. THE ILIAD. 


And dying groans and exultation loud 
Were heard around, and rivers roll’d in blood. 455 
So wintry torrents from the mountain heights, 
By storms increas’d, pursue their rapid course 
Precipitous, the deep’ned gulph below 
Receives the foaming tide with dashing roar, 
And distant shepherds tremble at the noise. 460 
Such was the tumult of contending hosts, 
And first, Antilochus a Trojan chief 
Advancing slew ; Thalysia’s warlike son 
Brave Echepolus ; on his crested helm 
The spear descended, through his forehead pass’d 
The brazen point, and darkness clos’d his eyes. 465 
Like to some tow’r he fell ; Chalcodon’s son, 
Elphenor, drage’d him from the battle’s rage, 
On spoil intent: yet momentary prov'd 
The attempt; not unobserv’d, Agenor’s lance 470 
Pierc’d his unguarded side beneath his shield, 
And stretch’d him breathless on the Trojan plain. 
Again with increas’d rage the combat burns; 
Man slaughters man, contending fierce as wolves. 
Great Ajax slew Anthemion’s blooming son, 475 
The youthful Simoisius: on the banks 
Of Simois, returning with the flocks 


From Ida’s mount, the mother first embrac’d 


104 THE ILIAD. 


Her lovely babe, and Simoisius call’d. 
But few his years, and short a mother’s joy 486 
For all her cares; by mighty Ajax slain: 


First in his breast he fix’d the well aim’d spear, 


Right through his shoulder pass'd the brazen point, 


And in the dust he fell. As, in the marsh 

Iixtensive, the fair poplar straight and tall 485 

Erects its head, soon by the sharp’ned axe, 

Meet for the cunning workman’s hand, it falls, 

To form the circled wheel or rapid car, 

When duly season’d on the river’s banks: 

So fell the youthful Simoisius, 

By Ajax slain. Him Antiphus observ’d, 

Brave son of Priam, and his vengeful spear 

Hurl’d through the crowd, but miss’d the mighty 
foe: 

Yet not in vain it flew; Leucus receiv'd 

Its fatal point: breathless he fell, and dropp’d 495 

The glittering spoils from his unnerved hands. 

Ulysses fir’d with rage when slain his friend : 

Forth with uplifted spear he quick advanc’d, 

And, poising high in air, with care survey d 

Where best he might inflict some deadly wound, 

Then hurl’d his rapid lance: in haste retir'd 50) 


The Trojans; when with levell’d speed it flew, 


iv. THE ILIAD. 


And piere’d the temples of Democoon, 
From Priam sprung: Abydos gave him birth, 
Base and uncertain on his mother’s side: 505 
He fell, and darkness clos’d his eyes in death : 
His brazen armour rang. With fear assail’d, 
The Trojan chiefs and Hector’s self retir’d: 
The Greeks exulting shout, and spoil the slain. 
When dread Apollo, from high Pergamos, 510 
Indignant, thus rebuk'd the Trojan host : 
“ Rouse, ‘Trojans, and repel the exulting foe, 
“ Whose bodies, nor of stone nor iron form’d, 
** Are as yourselves to wounds obnoxious: 
‘© No son of Thetis now directs the war; 
Retir’d in rage Achilles fights no more.” 515 
Thus from the city spake the dreadful god, 
But Pallas, daughter of all-powerful Jove, 
Quick traversing the ranks, their courage arm’d, 
And rous’d the Greeks to war. Resistless fate 
Now press’d Diores,son of Amarynx ; 520 
His right leg shatt’red by a rugged stone, 
By Pyrus thrown, the son of Imbrasus-: 
The enormous mass both tendons and the bone 
Broke short; headlong he fell, and in the dust 
Expiring, with uplifted hands in vain 525 


Relief implor'd: when Pyrus uick advanc’d 
J q ’ 


106 THE ILIAD. 


And with his sword transfix’d the prostrate foe, 

And pour'd his entrails on the moist’ned plain. 

But short his boast: with well-directed aim 

fEtolian Thoas pierc’d the victor’s breast, 530 

And, near approaching, forth his pond’rous lance 

Pluck’d from the wound; then drew his fatal sword 

And plung’d it in his side: death clos’d his eyes. 

Surrounding Thracians, with uplifted spéars, 

Protect the body from the spoiler’s hands ; 535 

However brave, and of gigantic size, 

Yet to retreat compell’d, retiring still 

He fought, though by unequal numbers press’d. 
Thus in the dust extended, side by side, 

Two chiefs of Thracian and Epean race, 540 

Lay breathless, and the field was heap’d with slain. 
Had Pallas then some favour’d hero led 

In safety through the field, and, with her hand 

Protecting, shielded from the battle’s rage ; 

No cause for censure had he found, no blame, 545 

On that well-foughten day; for, side by side, 


Trojans and Greeks unnumb’red strew’d the plain. 


THE ILIAD. 


BOOK YV. 


Now Pallas arm’d Tydides to the fight, 


With more than mortal courage fir'd his mind, 
And valour undismay’d: his crested helm 
And burnisht shield emitted vivid flame; 
As star autumnal, bath’d in ocean’s wave, 
With bright’ned splendour rises to our view: 
So from Tydides flash’d immortal fires, 
By Pallas urg’d to deeds of high renown. 

Of blameless life yet rich, in Vulcan’s fane, 
His priest, ν᾿ ἃ Dares; whose aspiring sons, 10 
Phegeus, and brave Idzus, dar’d the fight 
With matchless Diomed: in chariot borne 
They rush’d to battle: he, on foot, prepar’d 
Their onset to sustain. When first his spear 
Phegeus with force impell’d; yet vain that force, 
And lost in empty air; with erring speed 16 
It flew. Not so his lance Tydides aim’d, 
But pierc’d the warrior’s breast, and from his car 
Thrust headlong to the ground. Then, seiz’d with 


fear, 


108 THE ILIAD. 


Idzeus fled amain, his brother fall’n : 

Not daring to await his mighty foe : 

Nor had he then escap'd the victor’s arm, 

But Vulcan in a cloud convey'd him thence, 

In pity to a much loyd father’s tears. 

The generous horses, now the victor’s spoil, 25 
His friends in safety to the ships convey’d, 

Fear seiz'd the Trojan host when Phegeus slain 
Their eyes beheld; and scarce escap’d by flight, 
Ideeus, chief of Troy. But Pallas now 
The mighty god of battles thus address’d : 30 

“ O Mars, whom most the shock of arms, and 

death, 
“© The blood-stain’d field, and cities overthrown 
“ Delight, retire we for a while, and leave 
“ These hostile armies to their several fates, 
“ And Jove’s decrees: nor further dare his ire.” 35 

Thus saying, by the hand apart she led 
The god, and plac’d him on Scamander’s bank. 
Then fled the Trojans ; but each Grecian chief 
Pursued and slew his foe. Atrides first 
Thrust from his car the Halizonian chief 


Hodius, and as he fled his shoulder piere’d: 


He fell ; his armour sounded on the plain. 


lhen, by thy spear transfixt, Idomeneus, 


THE ILIAD. 


Pheestus expir’d; from Tarne’s fertile soil, 
Son of Mzonian Borus: as in haste 
His car he mounted, and prepar’d for flight, 
The spear his shoulder smote : headlong he fell 
Breathless, and bitter darkness clos’d his eyes : 
His arms the vietor seiz’d. Now Strophius’ son 
Τὸ Menelaus’ force his life resign’d : 50 
Scamandrius nam’d, delighting in the chace 
The woods among,— instructed in each art, 
By Dian’s self, all savage beasts to slay 
That haunt the forest or the mountain’s height ; 
Yet nor the goddess nor his skill might save ; 
The rapid spear fixt in his back arrests 
His hasty flight: he falls, his arms resound! 
And now Meriones Phereclus slew, 
Son of Harmonides, by Pallas taught 
In various works of art, whose wond’rous skill 
For Paris fram’d the fatal vessels, source 
Of ills unnumber’d-to the Trojan name; 
Himself the victim now: then unperceiv’d 
What heav’n, in wrath, had veil’d from mortal sight. 
Him, in his flight arrested, with his spear 65 
Meriones o’erthrew: beneath the flank, 
Fixt in the bladder, stood the fatal point : 


To earth he sank, and darkness clos’d his eyes. 


110 THE ILIAD. 


But Meges slew Pedzeus, base born son 
Of great Antenor; him Theano fair 
In fond affection nourish’d as her own : 

Such love she bore Antenor. The sharp spear 
Ent’red his head, and onward pierc’d his tongue: 
He fell, and dying bit the chilling steel. 

Eurypylus, from great Eueemon sprung, 75 

Dolopion’s son, the brave Hypsenor, slew, 

Priest of Scamander, honour’d as a god. 

Eurypylus him flying, with his sword 

Beneath the shoulder smote, and sheer cut off 

The arm, which, bloody, quiv’red in the dust: 80 
Fate clos'd his eyes in darkness and in death. 

Thus o’er the plain the various battle rag’d, 
Ceaseless ; nor might one well discern with which 
Tydides mingled in the bloody fight, 

Trojans or Greeks: like to the mountain stream 85 
By winter’s storm increas’d, he rush’d along ; 

Nor bridges nor opposing moles withstand 

Its wasteful course, when swoln by sudden rains: 
The fairest works of men before it fall] 

In desolation: so the Trojan host, 90 


Routed, tumultuous fled; nor dar’d oppose, 


All-numerous as they were, T ydides’ force. 


When him Lycaon’s warlike son beheld 


v. THE ILIAD. 111 


The routed troops pursuing o’er the plain, 

He seiz’d his bow and aim’d the winged shaft, 95 
Nor miss'd Tydides; in his shoulder fixt, 

Piercing the plaited mail, with blood distain’d, 
The bitter arrow staid its vengeful course, 

Nor further pass’d: with shout exulting loud, 
Lycaon’s son, victorious, thus exclaim’d: 100 
“ Rouse, Trojan warriors, fam’d for chivalry; 

The mighty chief, this terror of our host, 
Is wounded, nor may long sustain the fight : 
Apollo hath not lent his aid in vain.” 
Thus he exulting: yet still unsubdued 

By wound of slight import, retiring back, 

The son of Tydeus Sthenelus address’d. 
“ Haste, Sthenelus; descending from thy car, 

* Forth from my shoulder pluck this bitter shaft.” 
He spake: obedient to his chief's command, 110 

With skilful hand the son of Capaneus 

The arrow from within his plaited mail 

Drew forth; the blood gush’d from the opened 

wound 

In copious-stream ;. when, with uplifted hands, 

To Pallas thus Tydides urg’d his pray’r: 115 
“ Unconquered daughter of immortal J ove, 

“Ὁ Pallas, hear! if in the doubtful fight 


112 THE ILIAD. 


“ Thou hast assisted or myself or sire, 


“ Grant my request, and give me to subdue 


“ That Trojan chief from whom this wound I bear, 
“ ‘Who now, exulting, boasts I shall not long 121 
“ Behold the glorious splendour of the sun.” 

Him Pallas heard; and all his sou] inspir'd 
With courage unsubdued, with strength his limbs ; 
And, near approaching, thus the chief address’d. 

“ Be bold, Tydides, and assail the foe ; 126 

Such courage in thy heart I have inspir'd 
‘ As fired great Tydeus, thy renowned sire: 

The cloud obscure which dimm’d thy mortal 

sight 

I have remov’d, that thou mayst well discern 

Or mortals or immortals through the field. 131 
““ Contend not thou against the pow’rs of heav’n: 
“ Venus alone should she the battle tempt, 

“ Fearless attack and wound, though sprung from 
“ Jove.” 

The goddess spake, and wing’d to heaven her way. 
Again the hero mingled in the war, 136 
And foremost rush’d, with added rage inflam’d, 
And might augmented : as the lion fierce, 
Wounded but not subdued, o’erleaps the mound 


And ravages the fold ; in slaught’red heaps 140 


ν. THE ILIAD. 118 


The victims fall, the affright’ned shepherd flees ; 
Satiate at length, he unoppos’d retires : 
So mingled in the battle Tydeus’ son. 

Astynous and Hypenor, valiant chiefs, 
Incontinent he slew: that through the breast 145 
With spear transfix’d ; this with the pond’rous 

sword 
His shoulder sever'd from the bleeding trunk. 
Nor stopp’d: Abas and Poluides next, 
Sons of Eurydamas, inspired seer, 
Fell breathless: nor the father’s potent skill 
To them again m ysterivus dreams unfolds! 
Slain by the ruthless sword of Diomed. 

Now Thoén he pursues and Xanthus, sons 
Of aged Phenops ; comfort of his years, 

Heirs of his vast Possessions: both he slays 
Remorseless, nor regards a father’s tears; 
Who them returning from the battle waits 
With fruitless expectation: thus bereft 

Of heirs, his: wealth to strangers passes down. 

Next Priam’s sons, Echemon, Chromius, 160 
In the same car borne through the ranks of war, 
He slew. As when the lion’s force subdues 
Some larger beast, or ox of portly size, 

Or steer, depasturing the forest side; 


I 


114 THE ILIAD. 4 THE ‘ILIAD. 


So them Tydides from their lofty car 
Thrust headlong to the ground: the glitt’ring spoils, 


I had consign’d him; yet, still unsubdued, 
He_lives; some deity incens’d, I deem. 
Arms, horses, to the ships his friends convey’d. Chariot of war, or horses, I have none; 


/Eneas saw, and mark’d his fatal course Yet are there many in my father’s house, 


Dealing destruction through the ranks of war ; New; splendid, beautiful; and near them stand, 


And, purposing revenge, in: haste requir'd 170 Appropriate to.each, the gen'rous steeds 195 


Lycaon’s son, and thus the chief address’d: In order due. Much did my valued sire, 


“ ‘Where, Pandarus, thy bow and winged shafts ; 
Thy skill through Lycia fam’d? Hither repair, 
And, with uplifted hands to Jove supreme 

Thy vows preferring, aim thy certain shaft 175 
‘ At him whose rage destruction spreads and death 
Through all our ranks; if rather he be not 
Some god displeas’d for slighted sacrifice.” 

To whom Lycaon: “ Brave neas, chief 

Of many counsellors; that nodding plume, 180 
That glitt’ring shield, those fiery coursers, mark 
‘ The path of Diomed’s destructive rage. 

Some heav'nly pow’r, disguis’d, his steps attends 
Unseen, and urges him to valorous deeds 
Beyond the force of man; or useless turns 185 
Those shafts aside, which else had ἰδία! prov'd. 
Once:at that chief my pointed shaft 1 aim’d, 
And through the plaited mail his shoulder pierc’d; 


And thought, indeed, that to the shades below 


When to the war I came, with prudent care 
Advise, when mingling in the dreadful fight, 
To wheel: the rapid car: I disobey’d 

His better counsel, fearing most the want 200 
Of proper forage in a town besieg’d : 

I therefore left them, and on foot to Troy 

Led on my troops, confiding in my. bow : 

Yet vain’ that trusty and unsuccessful prov’d. 
Twice have I aim’d the shaft; Atrides felt, 205 
And Diomed, the wound : twice hath the blood 
Their armour stain’d; yet sery’d-but'to increase 
And. rouse their courage more.- In evil hour; 
With unpropitious fate, I took them down; 
That day when I to Troy my forces led 2TO 
To aid great Hector in-the doubtful war. 

Should I return, and should these eyes behold 
My father, wife, and all I hold most dear, 


Let me or perish by some stranger’s hand 


I 2 


116 THE ILIAD. 


6é 


ςς 


5 


But I will break this treach’rous bow in twain, 

And burn it in the fire, as useless stuff." 216 

When thus Aineas: “ Be it otherwise, 

O Pandarus; and let us first attack, ’ 

All-arm’d, and in our chariot, this same man :— 

Come, then, ascend my car, and you shall 
‘* see 220 

Our Trojan horses with superior skill 

Train’d or to’flee or to pursue the foe; 

These will secure retreat,. if Jove, averse, 

To Diomed the victory decree. 

Take then the reins and guide the rapid car 

Whilst I sustain the combat ; or do’ thou 

The foe engage whilst I the chariot guide.” 

Lycaon’s son replied: “ O mighty chief, 


Take thou the reins and guide the rapid car ; 


“* Thy horses, all-accustom’d to thy voice, 230 


Will best the rein obey, should fate decide 


44 


cc 


ςς 


ἔς 


ce 


(ςς 


{ς 


ςς 


That we must needs before the foe retire: 
Wanting thy well-known voice, with terror seiz ἃ, 
They will not bear us from the dang’rous fight; 
But Diomed, enrag’d, will slay us both, 235 
And take thy noble steeds, the vietor’s meed. 
Take thou the reins, thy rapid coursers guide, 


Whilst I the shock of hostile arms sustain.” 


ν. THE ILIAD. 


Now; seated in the car; with furious speed 
They sought the foe, all eager to engage. 
Them Sthenelus perceiv'd, and thus in haste 
Great Tydeus’ son addressd: “ F riend, much-be- 
* Jov'd, 
“ I see two warriors of no common force 
“ Who hither bend their way direct on thee; 
* Lycaon’s son, well skill’d to aim the shaft, 245 
“ And brave Aineas, of a goddess born, 
“ Of Venus, and Anchises boasts his sire. 
Retire we then, nor through the ranks of war 
“ Hazard thy life, thus foremost and alone.” 
To him Tydides sternly thus replied : 
“ Talk not to mie of flight, I will not hear; 
** And hold it base from danger back to shrink, 
* Or tremble at a foe: my strength is firm, 
“ T will assail them as I am, on foot; 
“ Pallas forbids to fear: nor shall] they both 255 
“ Escape, though aided by their coursers’ speed. 
“ Mark then my words: Should Pallas give success, 
“ Should she, all-wise, but grant me to subdue 
“ These Trojan chiefs, do thou in safety leave, 
“ With reins secur’d, my horses and my car, 260 
“* And on the steeds of great Avneas rush 
“ Mindful, and drive them to the Grecian camp: 


118 THE ILIAD. 


“ They are of breed ztherial, which on Tros, 
“Το recompense the loss of Ganymede 

“ His son, Saturnian Jove himself bestow’d; 265 
** ‘The best and fleetest which the sun beholds. 

“« This breed Anchises from Laomedon 

“ By stealth obtain’d: four grace his ample stalls; 
“ ‘Two bear Aineas through the tanks of war, 

“ Chief of renown: if we but capture these, 270 
“ No trifling. honour will our labours crown.” 

Whilst with his friend Tydides thus conferr’d, 
Borne by the rapid steeds the mighty chiefs 
Advanc’d; when thus Lycaon’s valiant son: 

“ Since, then, my shaft hath ineffectual prov’d, 275 
“ Nor check’d thy daring courage, I will try 
“ If this my spear can give a surer wound.” 

Thus spake the chief, and hurl’d it at his foe. 
Full on his shield it smote, and pierc’d the folds, 
The point stood fixed in his plaited mail ; 280 
When thus, exulting, spake Lycaon’s son : 

Now art thou wounded, and severely too, 

Nor mayst thou long endure; the glory’s mine.” 
When thus Tydides, fearless: “’Tis not SO; 
Thy spear hath miss’d ; yet shall not both escape, 
“ Nor cease, till, off red to the god of war, 286 


“ One fall at least, and sate his thirst for blood.” 


ce 


THE ILIAD, 119 


He spake, and hurl’d his lance: Minerva’s self 
Its course directed, and with force im pell’d ; 
Beneath the eye it pass’d, within the teeth 290 


His tongue cut sheer in twain, and through the chin 


The deadly point appear'd: headlong he fell ; 


His glitt’ring armour rang, and with the din 

The fright’ned coursers started: in the dust 

A breathless corpse he lay. Forth rush’d amain 295 

/Eneas, with his shield and lifted spear 

Protecting ; as a lion, round he βία Κ᾿ ἃ, 

Threat’ning aloud destruction to the foe 

Who dar’d approach the dead, on spoil intent, 
When now Tydides seiz’d a cumb’rous mass, 300 

The fragment of a rock ; not twice the force 

Of man, such as now live, might bear its weight ; 

This, pois’d in air, alone with ease he threw ; 

Full on his hip Aneas felt the wound, 

The rugged stone both tendons cut in twain, 305 

And crush’d the hone: back on his knee he fel] 

Recumbent; scarce his hand might well support 

His weight; and darkness on his eyelids press’d. 
And now the mighty chief had sunk in death : 

But Venus, ever watchful for her son, 310 

Hast’ned to save; and first around him threw 


Her beauteous arms, and with her mantle veil’d 


120 THE ILIAD. 


In splendid folds, lest sword or hostile spear 


Attacking might destroy ; and from the fight 

Her much-lov'd son, upborne with ease, convey’d. 
Meantime the warlike son of Capaneus, 316 

Attentive to his charge, apart remov'd 

The horses and the car of Diomed 

In safety, and them well with reins securd; 

And on the coursers of ASneas rush’d 320 

Mindful, and drove them to the Grecian camp ; 

And to thy care, Deipylus, consign’d, 

Whom most he valued, and whose skill he knew 

Superior to conduct them to the ships : 

And then himself attentive mark’d the steps 325 

Of Tydeus’ son, and near him rein’d his steeds. 
And now Tydides with vindictive rage 

Pursued the goddess with uplifted spear, 

Whom war’s alarms and slaughter ill became ; 

Unskill'd like Pallas to direct the war, 

Or, like Bellona fierce, to overthrow 

Besieged cities : eager he pursued, 

And, rushing forward, urg’d the daring steel 

Through her bright robe ambrosial, work divine, 

Wrought by the Graces; on her hand infix’d 335 

The painful wound, and drew the purple stream 


Ichor, which flows from pure immortal frames : 


v. THE ILIAD. 


Frames of celestial-kind, which, nor by wine 
Nor bread sustain’d, are pure and spiritual, 
Not subject to decay. With piercing cries 340 
Forth from her arms she cast her favourd son : 
Him dread Apollo, mantled in a cloud, 
Bore far away from force of hostile spear ; 
When thus, exulting, Diomed exclaim’d: 
“ Cease, goddess, from the war, and leave the 
“ field 345 
“ To fierce contending hosts: be thine the task 
“Το cheat and to deceive the softer sex: 
‘* Tempt not the war again; thou who shouldst 
“ fear 
“* And tremble at the name, though distant far.” 
Smarting with pain, the goddess quick retir'd, 350 
By Iris led apart, swift messenger 
Of heaven: from the wound sharp pain ensued 
Through all her tender frame: apart she found 
Mars on his shield, reclin’d, and in a cloud 
Envelop’d thick his spear and winged steeds; 355 
With bended knee, and supplicating words, 
Her brother thus the goddess fair address’d - 
“ Dear brother, aid me, and thy chariot lend 
“ And horses; to Olympus’ height I go, 


“ Seat of immortal gods: much I endure 360 


THE ILIAD. 


‘ From wound inflicted by a mortal hand, 
‘ By Diomed, who would contend with Jove.” 
She spake; nor was her humble suit denied. 
Her, seated in the rapid car of Mars, 
And sorely grieving, Iris thence convey'd : 365 
She seiz'd the reins, and urg’d the willing steeds 
To the blest seat of deities supreme, 
Olympus’ lofty summit: there she staid 
The immortal coursers, with ambrosial food 
Sustain’'d. Meantime the suff’ring goddess sought 
Her mother’s tender care, and at her knees 371 
Fell prostrate: her Dione thus bespoke, 
And sooth’d with kindness and maternal love: 
“* Alas, my child! from what immortal hand 
Hast thou this shameful injury receiv’d, 
Unmerited by thee?” When Venus thus: 
“ From Diomed this insult I sustain, 
For that I bore in safety from the war 
‘ My much-lov’d son: Trojans and Greeks no more 
Engage, for these would e’en with Jove contend.” 
To whom Dione: “ Patient bear, my child, 381 
Though griev'd: from men we suffer; yet our- 
“* selves, 
Although immortal, cause each other woe. 


Mars suff’red, whom Aloius’ mighty sons, 


THE ILIAD. 


Otus and Ephialtes, bound with chains, 

In brazen cave confin’d: nor had escap’d, 

But that the beauteous Eribcea soon 

To Mercury his prison-house disclos’d, 

Who stole him thence, oppress’d with pain and 
“ orief. 


Much Juno suff’red when Amphitryon’s son 390 


* With barbed arrow pierc’d her tender breast, 


Inflicting pains severe. Pluto endur’d 

Acutest torture at the gates of hell, 

Surrounded by the manes of the dead, 

From the same hand Herculean: to the seat 395 
Of mighty Jove, on high Olympus’ top, 


He hast’ned: in his shoulder deep infixt, 


‘ The barbed shaft caus’d agonizing pains: 


Him Peon’s skill, with herbs medicinal, 
Not subject to mortality, restor’d. 

Ill-fated! insolent! whose daring soul 

Τὸ impious deeds aspir'd, to fight with gods: 
Minerva urg’d him to this cruel deed. 

Rash mortal! nor doth Diomed perceive 


How few his years who dares with gods contend: 


‘ No children greet him with their welcome joy, 


Climbing his knees, when safe from war return’d, 


‘ Then let him, brave and mighty as he is, 


124 THE ILIAD, 


** Consider well, lest some more pow’ rfal foe 
“ Revenge thy cause, and check his mad career: 410 
“ Or lest Aglaia, starting from her sleep, 
“¢ Shall seek in vain the husband of her youth ; 
** With loud lament her faithful servants call, 
To join with hers their sympathizing tears ; 
“ Aglaia fair, from great Adrastus sprung, 41] ὅ 
“ The much-lov’d partner of Tydides’ bed.” 
She spake; and, gently pressing with her hand, 
Cleans'd the light wound, and all her pain remov'd. 
But Juno and Minerva with harsh words 
And taunts severe Saturnian Jove bespake : 420 
““ May we, great Jove, freely our thoughts de- 
“9 clare, 
“ Nor blame incur? Some Grecian fair, impell’d 
«* By Venus to her favour’d Trojan’s arms 
** (For those alone she loves), in fond caress 
“ Hath, with the golden cincture of her vest, 425 
“ Wounded the softness of her lovely hand.” 
Thus spake they: Jove with approbation smil’d, 
And thus address’d the gentle pow’r of love: 
“ The shock of arms, my child, and tented field, 
“* But ill become thy milder influence, 430 
“* Best suited to the softer ties of love: 


“ Mars, Pallas, guide the thunder of the war.” 


ν. THE ILIAD. 125 


Whilst thus the heav’nly pow’rs conversing sat, 
Fierce on AEneas rush’d Tydides’ might, 
Although protected by the god of day. 435 
Dauntless, he still pursued with eager haste 
To slay the foe, and-reap the glorious spoils. 
Thrice with impetuous rage he onward rush’d, 
And thrice Apollo, with his dazzling shield, 
Check’d in midway the valorous emprise ; 
But when again, with more than mortal force, 
He dar’d the fight renew, in angry tone 
Him thus the offended deity bespoke : 
“* Consider well, and cease the unequal fight, 
“ Tydides, nor contend with heav’nly pow’rs.” 445 
He spake: reluctant, Diomed retir'd, 
Dreading his anger: when to Ilion’s tow’r 
Secure the god convey’d Anchises’ son, 
And in his temple plac’d ; by the fond care 
Of Dian and Latona soon restor’d. 
An airy form Apollo now design’d, 
In semblance like A&neas, and in arms, 


Round which the fight rekindled: now the Greeks, 


Now. Trojans, shield with shield and spear with 


spear 
Clashing, with rage increas’d, contending fought. 


But Pheebus thus the god of war address’d: 456 


126 THE ILIAD. v. 


“ O Mars, whom slaughter and the ensanguin’d 
“ field, 
Whom cities overthrown do most delight, 
Dost thou not check Tydides’ daring course, 
Who would with mighty Jove himself contend ? 
‘ Venus severely feels his vengeful spear ; A461 
And even on me, like to some god he rush’d.”’ 
He spake, and to the lofty tow’rs of Troy 
Pursued his way: Mars mingled with the host, 
Assum’d the form of Thracian Achamas, 465 
And thus the sons of Priam urg’d to war: 

“ QO sons of Priam, favour'd of high Jove, 

Why suffer ye the foe thus long to thin 

Our ranks, and at our very gates contend ? 

‘ ASneas fall’n, belov’d like Hector’s self, 

‘ Let us regain, or perish in the attempt.” 

Thus he their courage rous’d; when, with re- 
proach 

Severe, Sarpedon Hector thus rébuk’d: 

“ Where now thy boasted courage, valorous chief! 

“ Thou, who alone, unaided, unallied, 475 

« With thine own kinsmen wouldst repulse the foe? 

* Why do they shun the dangers of the field, 
Fearing as dogs the lion >—we alone, 


Allies, support the war. What though from far, 


THE ILIAD. 127 


' From Lycia and from Xanthus’ yellow stream, 
I came to Priam’s aid ;—there all I hold 480 
Most dear,—possessions, children, wife, remain;— 
Yet I the Lycians to the battle lead, 
And dare Tydides’ might, without a risk 
But life, which I contemn: you stand aloof, 485 
Nor give command this onset to oppose, 
Beware, lest by the toils hemm’d in and caught, 
You fall an easy victim to the foe, 
Who will your city to the flames consign. 
Hector, to you this weighty care belongs, 490 
By night, by day, to animate, to rouse 
The chiefs and leaders of thy brave allies, 
That they stand firm; but spare, reproachful 


“ς words.” 


Thus spake Sarpedon. Stung with just reproof, 


Hector, all-arm’d, from forth his chariot sprung, 495 

And through the ranks of war with eager steps 

Hast’ning, their ,courage rous’d: they clos’d their 

ranks 

And dar’d the Grecian host, which firmly stood. 
As on the consecratéd floor the wind 

Disperses the light chaff, and separates 500 

The solid grain, what time’ the rip’ned fruit 


Of yellow Ceres crowns the winnower’s toil, 


128 THE ILIAD. 


Grateful, the light chaff whitens all the ground ; 
So, whit’ned by the dust, from num’rous hoofs 
Uprais’d and rapid chariots, to the fight 505 
The Greeks mov’d on. Meantime the god of war, 
In aid of Troy, thick darkness shed around 
As through the ranks he pass’d: for thus in charge 
Apollo gave to rouse them to the fight ; 
Whilst Pallas, absent, sought the realms above; 510 
Pallas, the bulwark of the Grecian host. 

Now from the sacred fane, by Pheebus led, 
In strength renew’d, AEneas join’d the war: 
Him safe return’d with joy the host receiv’d, 
Nor question’d how; such urgent danger press'd, 
And labour of the field, by Mars uprais’d, 516 
By dread Apollo, and by Discord fell. 

Nathless the Grecians, with Laertes’ son, 
Ajax, and Diomed, in firm array 
Their troops encouraging, the battle dar’d, 
Fearless. As clouds upon the mountain brow 
Hang threatening, when the tempest, hush’d by 

Jove, 

And boist’rous winds are lull’d in caverns deep, 
Winds whose impetuous blasts the clouds disperse : 
So firm the Grecian host awaits the foe ; 525 


Whom thus Atrides animates to war: 


THE ILIAD. 129 


“ Courage, my friends, now arm we to the fight; 


“ Vie with each other in heroic deeds ; 
“ The brave meet safety in the shock of arms; 
“© Cowards in flight both life and honour lose.” 530 
He spake, and hurl’d his spear; whose vengeful 
force 
The son of Pergasus, Deicoén, felt, 
Companion of Aineas; high esteem’d 
As Priam’s sons, and fam’d for valorous deeds. 
The spear his shield transfix’d,. and through the 
belt 
Deep in his groin infix’d the mortal wound: 
He fell; and on the eround his armour rang. 
A&neas then two Grecian chieftains slew, 
Crethon, Orsilochus, Diocles’ sons ; 
In Pherz’s lofty city long he dwelt, 540 
Rich in estate, from sacred Alpheus sprung, 
W hose copious stream through Pylos takes’ its 
course ; 
Diocles boasts from great Orsilochus 


His high descent : Crethon, Orsilochus, 


T'win-born, brave, warlike, from Diocles claim’d 


A father’s care: in early youth they came 546 


To aid the sons of Atreus on the plains 


Of Troy ; and both there found an early graye, 


K 


130 THE ILIAD. 


As from the cloud-capt mountain's craggy brow, 
And deep-embow’ring wood, the lion’s whelps 550 
Descending, first the shepherd’s fold essay, 
And desolate the plain, by force assail’d 
Of numbers fall; so fell Diocles’ sons, 
Slain by Aineas; as two lofty pines, 
Pride of the forest, bow their lofty heads. 
Struck with compassion at their early fate, 
Forth Menelaus, clad in armour, rush'd 
With lifted spear: him then the god of war 
Urg’d to meet death from great Atneas’ arm, 
But Nestor’s son, Antilochus, perceiv’d, 
And hast’ned to assist; for much he fear’d 
Lest, Menelaus slain, abortive prove 
The toils and labours of the doubtful war. 
With adverse spears, high brandisht in the air, 
Already they prepar’d and aim’d the blow, 565 
When Nestor’s son δάναπο ἃ. The Trojan chief 
The unequal combat shunn’d, and quick retir’d, 
Nor claim’d the spoil: when to the Grecian host 
The chiefs victorious drage’d their slaught’red 
friends, 
From insult sav’d, and to their post return’d. 570 
Then fell Pyleemenes, like Mars in fight, 


Chief of the warlike Paphlagonian bands, 


ν. THE ILIAD. 


By Menelaus slain, whose pond’rous sword 
Fix’d in his tender throat the fatal wound. 
Next Mydon felt thy force, Antilochus: 575 
Mydon, Atymnis’ son, Pyleemon’s friend : 
As he the chariot turn’d the impetuous stone 
Shatt’red his arm; down fell the studded reins 
From his enfeebled grasp; when, rushing on 
With lifted sword, Antilochus advane’d, 580 
And in his temple fix’d the deadly wound: 
Headlong he fell, and, pois’d in depth of sand, 
Beneath his shoulders sank : his plunging steeds 
The lifeless corpse extended on the plain: 
Arms, chariot, horses, all the victor’s meed. 585 
Hector observ’d indignant, and with shout 
Advane’d exulting: him the god of war, 
Him fierce Bellona, marshall’d to the fight, 
With Discord near attendant; in his hand 
Mars, brandishing aloft his spear, of size 


normous, now advancing in the van, 


Now in the rear, spread terror and dismay. 


Tydides saw, and trembled at the sight. 
As the lorn traveller his way pursues 
With weary step the level plain across, 
Sudden he meets the wasting torrent’s course 
Wide rushing to the sea; then back with fear 


K 2 


132 THE ILIAD. 


And disappointment starts; Tydides thus 
Sudden retir’d, and said: “ O warlike friends! 


*« The might of Hector we have oft admir’d, 600 


** And dauntless couragé in the doubtful war, 

“‘ But him some present deity protects 

“ From danger; now, in mortal shape disguis’d, 

“* Mars all his steps attends: retreat we then 

“ Facing our foes, nor with the gods contend.” 605 
He spake: with rapid»march the Trojan host 

Advane’d: then Hector slew two valiant chiefs, 

Menesthes and Anchialus; one car 

Both heroes through the ranks of war convey'd. 
Ajax, with pity mov’d, their fall observ’d, 610 

And, near approaching, hurl’d his glittering spear, 

And smote Amphion, son of Selagus: 

In cattle, in possessions rich, he dwelt 

In well-built Pzsus; but o’er-ruling fate 

To Priam and his sons the chief allied: 615 

Through his strong belt the Telamonian spear 

His entrails pierc’d: he fell, his armour rang. 

Ajax impetuous to the spoil advance'd ; 

On him the Trojans pour’d an iron show’ ; 

His ample shield their numerous points receiv’d : 

Nathless his spear he from the slain withdrew, 


But left the spoil, reluctant; for the foe 


Υ. THE ILIAD. 


Press’d on in numbers, chiefs of high renown, 
Many and brave, to cut off all retreat 
Intent: though great in arms, retiring still 625 
He fought; nor might withstand, nor deign’d to 
fly. 
Thus through the field the various battle rag’d. 
Now fate impell’d the brave Tlepolemus 
To meet Sarpedon, like a god in arms; 
Alcides’ offspring, and the son of Jove. 
Tlepolemus in: boasting terms began : 
“ Sarpedon, of the Lycian forces chief, 
“ Unskill'd in war, and fearful to engage, 
“ Erring report doth call thee son of Jove; 
“But thou art far indeed inferior 635 
' To Jove’s high offspring born in former times ; 
‘* Such as my father, mighty Hercules, 
Intrepid, brave; who with six ships alone 
‘* Laid waste and desolated lofty Troy, 
‘Though few hig forces; but the treachery 640 
‘ Of false Laomedon his wrath incurr'd: 
‘ Thy people perish through thy cowardice ; 
‘ Nor is thy aid effectual: boast no more 
Thy prowess; for by me, if right I deem, 
‘ Now conqu’red, thou shalt enter Pluto’s realm.” 


Sarpedon answ’red: “ True, Tlepolemus, 


134 THE ILIAD. 
“« He Troy subdued, chiefly from want of skill 


«* And prudent conduct in Laomedon ; 

“ Who for past service made return ingrate, 

*«‘ And added words reproachful, nor restor’'d 650 

“ The horses, for the which Alcides came: 

“ For thee, dire fate, from this my spear, awaits 

“ Thy steps: maugre thy boast, the glory mine; 

‘ Thine instant death, and Pluto’s gloomy shades.” 
He spake: Tlepolemus with lifted arm 655 

Advanc'd, and both their hostile weapons threw 

At the same time: Sarpedon’s rapid lance 

Piere’d through thy neck, Tlepolemus, and death, 

Quick death, ensued; but yet not unreveng'd: 

Thy weapon pierc’d Sarpedon’s thigh, the point 660 

Drank deep the blood; but with protecting hand 

Jove interpos’d, and sav’d his son from death : 

His friends convey’d him, bleeding, from the field, 

Dragging the spear along, still deep infixt, 

With bitter pain; yet the confusion such, 665 

And labour of the field, no thought occurr’d 

To ease his suff’rings and extract the spear, 

Intent alone to save their wounded friend. 

The Greeks, meantime, Tlepolemus apart 

Remov’d, and greatly mourn’d the hero slain. 670 


His fall Ulysses saw ; compassion mov'd 


v. THE ILIAD. 


His mighty soul; but whether to pursue 
The son of Jove himself, or to disperse 
The Lycian bands, his prudent thought engag’d ; 
Yet was it not to him by fate assign’d 675 
To slay the mighty son of Jove supreme: 
Minerva to the Lycians turn’d his force. 
Alastor, Chromius, Coiranus, he slew, 
Alcander, Halius, Noemon, Prytanis, 
And more Ulysses’ vengeful sword had slain; 680 
But Hector saw, and hast’ned through the ranks, 
Clad in bright armour, spreading deaths around. 
Sarpedon at his near approach rejoic’d, 
And thus, in plaintive words, his aid implor’d: 
“ O son of Priam, now thy friend protect, 685 
“ Nor leave me wounded, to the Greeks a prey ; 
“* Save but from them, and I to fate resign, 
‘ Content in Troy to perish; since decreed 
“ T no return shall find, nor joy dispense 
“ Nor glad the heart or of my wife or son.” — 690 
He spake, but Hector pass’d in silence on— 
No time for parley—to repulse the:foe, 
And satiate his revenge. His friends, meantime, 


Under the beech of Jove Sarpedon plac’d, 


The spear extracted, and reliev’d his pain ; 695 


But chiefly Pelagon, his constant friend. 


136 THE ILIAD. 


Fainting he lay, his eyes near clos'd in death: 
And then again reviv’d, as round his lips 
Play’d the light air and vivifying breeze. 

The Grecian host, meantime, by Mars assail’d, 
And Hector clad in arms, nor to their ships 7OE 
Repuls’d, nor yet advancing on the foe, 

Maintain’d the fight; but from the god of war, 
And from unequal combat, slow retir’d. 

Whom first, whom last, did mighty Hector slay, 705 
And brazen Mars? First, Teuthrans met his fate, 
Orestes next, then Trechus warlike chief, 
(Enomaus, Helenus, Oresbius 

With riches blest; in Hyla fair he dwelt, 

Near to Cephissus’ lake; a country rich 710 
And populous: when Juno them perceiv'd 
Destroying many Grecians through the field, 


Thus Pallas she address’d: “Ἅ Daughter of Jove, 


“ Unconqu’red maid, vain all our promises 


““ Of war successful, and of safe return 


ςς 


To Menelaus, if we suffer thus 

“ Uncertain Mare to deal destruction round - 

“ Consider, then, and arm we to the war.” 
She spake; nor did Minerva disobey : 

But Saturn’s daughter, Juno venerable, 


In haste the fiery-footed steeds prepar’d, 


v. THE ILIAD. 137 


Richly caparison’d. Hebe, meantime, 
The well-wrought wheels of polisht brass pre- 
par’d, 

And on the iron axle fix’d: bright gold 
Shone in the fellies; but the tire was brass ; 725 
The naves of polisht silver, round and smooth; 
Braces of gold the circling car upheld: 
The silver pole she fix’d, and from its end 
The golden yoke suspended ; and made fast 
The traces, bright with gold. Eager for war, 730 
Juno herself the immortal coursers yok’d. 

But Pallas, daughter of Saturnian Jove, 
The varied mantle, which her hands had wrought, 
Laid on the starry pavement of high heav’n; 
The mail of cloud-compelling Jove she took, 735 
And arm’d her for the war. Her hand sustain’d 
Jove’s egis, terrible, encircled round 
With fear: Contention there, there Violence, 
There rash and heady Persecution ; 
And in the midst the dreadful Gorgon head, 
Monster portentous, fearful to behold, 
Ensign of mighty Jove: then o’er her brow 
The helmet, gold emboss’d, with varied crest, 
Capacious of a hundred cities’ force, 


She plac’d; then mounted on her rapid car, 
Ρ Ρ 


138 THE ILIAD. 


Grasping a spear, huge, weighty, terrible, 
Which turns whole hosts, in terror and dismay, 
To flight, who dare her just revenge incur. 
Juno, impatient, urg’d the steeds along : 
The gates of heav’n spontaneous open’d wide, 750 
Kept by the watchful Hours, whose constant care 
Or light or darkness sheds o’er spacious heav’n: 
Through the wide portal flew the rapid steeds : 
Seated apart from other deities, 
On the high summit of Olympus’ top, 755 
Saturnian Jove they found; when, from her car 
Descending, Juno mighty Jove address’d : 
“Αὐτῷ thou not, justly too, displeas’d to see 
Such daring outrage from the god of war? 
How many Grecians of superior note 76@ 
He hath destroy'd, whilst I their loss deplore! 
Venus meantime, and Phcebus, in his work 
Of death exult, and urge him to such deeds. 
‘ Great Jove, will it displease thee if I drive 
Mars from. the field with most disgraceful 
“ wounds ν᾽ 
When cloud-compelling Jove thus answer made: 
Urge Pallas to the task ;- for she alone 


Can quell his rage, and all his fury stay.” 


He spake; but Juno urg’d the willing steeds 


v. THE ILIAD. 139 


Midway ’twixt earth and heav’n’s high arched roof: 
Wide as the space which mortal eye may ken 771 
O’er ocean’s level from some lofty site, 
So far, each bound, the immortal coursers flew. 
And now they reach’d the distant plains of Troy, 
Where Simois’ and Scamander’s streams unite ; 778 
There Juno staid her chariot, and in clouds 
And darkness thick envelop’d, whilst with food 
Ambrosial Simois fed the immortal steeds. 
And now the goddesses, in form like doves, 
Mov'd on, intent to aid the Grecian host: 
And where the bravest of their chieftains stood, 
With Diomed, in dread array conjoin’d, 
Like lions fierce, or as ‘the mountain boars 
Of more than common force; there Juno staid 
Her course, and rais’d her voice like Stentor loud, 
Whose brazen throat, ‘amid the din of arms, 786 
And the dread clamour of the war was heard. 
“ O shame!’ O scandal to the Grecian name! 
In form alone excelling! Whilst in arms 
‘* Achilles scour’d the plain, within their walls 790 
Shut up, the Trojans dar’d not once advance 
Beyond their gates, such dread his spear convey’d: 
‘* Now at your ships they foremost dare contend.” 


Thus she with courage every breast inspir’d : 


140 THE ILIAD. 


But Pallas sought Tydides; him she found 
Near to his steeds reclin’d, o-erspent with toil, 
And sorely wounded by the unerring shaft 
Of Pandarus; his shield’s enormous weight 
Wearied his aching limbs; the galling belt 
He loos’ned, and wash’d off the clotted gore : 
The goddess, leaning on his chariot, spoke : 
“ A son, of note inferior, Tydeus owns, 
And of degenerate race; what though in form 
Diminutive himself, yet brave in arms: 
For ev'n when I forbade, and check’d his ire, 805 
* What time he went on embassy to Thebes 
' ‘To the Cadmeans, when J gave in charge 
That he should peaceably demean himself, 
Yet, such as heretofore his daring soul, 
He challeng’d all, and all with ease subdued ; 810 
Such aid I gave. You, also, I assist 


And guard, and bid you dare the Trojan host ; 


But or fatigue and labour of the field 


Thy limbs unnerve, or fear thy soul invades, 
Unworthy to be call’d brave Tydeus’ son.” 815 
When Diomed replied: “ I know thee well, 
Daughter of Jove supreme, nor will conceal, 

But rather willingly the truth declare ; 


For nor fatigue, nor labour of the field, 


THE ILIAD. 141 


Nor fear my soul invades; thy strict command 
Alone deters me: thou didst order‘me 821 


od 


To shun the coritest where the gods engag’d, 


Venus alone excepted, but with force 
To drive the feeble goddess from the war: 
I therefore now retire, and bid retreat 825 
The Grecian host, for Mars directs the war.” 
When Pallas thus: “'O much-lov’d Diomed, 
Fear not this Mars, nor any deity, 
Should others tempt the fight, such aid I give: 
Direct on him thy rapid coursers drive, 830 
And aim thy spear, nor reverence the god 
Thus blindly raging; author of all ill, 
Inconstant as the wind; who promis‘d erst 
To Juno and to me the Greeks to aid, 
And now, forgetful, leads the Trojan arms.” ‘835 
Thus saying, from his seat, with potent hand, 
She Sthenelus remov'd;. and, rushing on, 
Herself his place supplied : the goddess sat 
By Diomed, and grac’d his martial car. 
The beechen axle groan’d beneath the weight 840 
Of the dread goddess and the Grecian chief: 
Minerva seiz’d the reins; and through the ranks 
Drove, tow’rds remorseless Mars, the rapid steeds. 


Just then the god of war had overthrown 


142 THE ILIAD. 


Ochesius’ son, the warlike Periphas, 

Ofstature vast; when o’er her radiant head, 

Invisible to all, Minerva plac’d 

The helmet of black Orcus. Mars beheld, 

With joy exulting, Diomed’s approach ; 

The spoils of fallen Periphas he left, 

And on the Grecian chief bent all his force: 

His brazen spear with levell’d aim he hurl'd, 

Intent on slaughter; but Minerva’s hand 

The chief protected, and the weapon’s point 

Or turn’d aside, or spent in empty air. 855 
Then rose the strength of matchless Diomed, 

Whose spear, by Pallas urg'd, his belt transfix’d, 

And drank immortal blood: the god with pain 

Writh’d his huge form, and rais’d a shout that rent 

The distant sky, loud as the din of war 860 

When thousands combat: pale dismay assail’d 

Trojans and Greeks, so terrible the noise. 


As clouds condens’d with darkness overspread 


The face of heav’n, when Sirius’ raging heat, 


By southern winds increas’d, its influence sheds 865 
O’er the wan earth; thus rising through the air 
Mars to Tydides’ wond’ring eyes appear'd. 

Soon to the realms of light the god arriv’d, 


And, seated near to Jove, -oppress’d with orief 
» OP} 8 


v. THE ILIAD. 143 


And pain, the wound he show’d, and thus com- 
plain’d: 870 
Such daring acts must needs thy anger move, 
Father supreme! that high immortal pow’rs 
For mortal men should such dissension move, 
Such pains endure: nor art thou least to blame, 
Whose daughter, Pallas, dares such monstrous 
* deeds: 875 

All other deities thy will obey ; 

' Pallas alone no order, no control 
From thee receives; she ruleth unrestrain’d, 
Indulg’d by thee in most atrocious deeds: 
She urg'd Tydides to contend with gods : 880 
Venus hath felt the daring mortal’s force, 
By wound unseemly pain’d; and now on me, 
Like some superior deity, he-rush’d: 
Flight only sav’d me, or mid heaps of slain 
I still had suff’red on the blood-stain’d field, 885 
Vanquisht, subdued, disgrac'd, by mortal man!” 
Jove sternly thus replied: “* Think not to move 
My pity, fickle and detested god ; 

‘ Whom war delighteth, whom contention dire, 

‘ And slaughter indiscriminate, attend : 890 
Whose stubborn mind no suppliant voice can 


é¢ 


touch, 


144 THE ILIAD. 


“ Implacable as Juno’s vengeful hate, 

* Which I can scarce restrain: from her advice 

“9 I do imagine thou dost suffer this ; 

** Yet for thou call’st me father I will heal 895 

“ Thy pains, though. hateful.:thou; from other 
** sprung, 

“ Long since from highest heav’n to deepest hell, 

* With Titans chain’d, [ἃ hurl’d thee bellowing 
* down.” 

He spake; when Peon all his art applied, 
Cleans'd the deep wound, and all his pains remov’'d. 
As when the Juice of figs coagulates 901 
The milk, and separates the hardening curd, 
Turn’d swiftly by the skilful maiden’s hand ; 

Thus by. his hand applied, medicinal 
And softening applications heal’d the wound. 

Hebe the bath prepar’d; then robes divine 
His limbs invested: glorying in his might 
He sat beside the King of gods and men. 

But Juno and Minerva to the throne 
Of Jove return’d, when quell’d the frantic rage 910 


Of Mars, and staid his desolating arm. 


THE ILFAD. 


Se 


BOOK VI. 


Fac host, unaided, to. the battle moy’d ; 

Now hete, now there, the tide of conquest flow’d, 

With various success, throughout the plain, 

"T'wixt Simois’ stream and Xanthus’ rapid course, 

When Ajax, bulwark of the Grecian host, 5 

Broke through the Trojan ranks, and ‘turn’d the 

day : 

The bravest of the- Thracian bands he slew, 

Enormous Acamas, Eusserus’ son : 

The impetuous weapon piere’d his helmet through, 

Then, in his forehead fixt, it cleft the bone, 10 

Such force impell’d; and darkness clos’d his eyes. 
Tydides next the son of Teuthrans slew, 

Axylus: in Arisba fair he dwelt, 

With riches blest, near to the public way 

His dwelling: thus a general friend to'man, 15 

He lov'd them all, and all. their wants reliey’d : 

Yet none were found to succour his distress: 

His faithful servant perish’d by his side, 

Calesius; one-grave receiv’d them both. 


L 


146 THE ILIAD. 


Now Dresus perish’d, and Opheltius, 
Slain by Euryalus; who next pursued 
7Esepus fair, and Pedasus, twin-born, 
Whom Abarbarea to Bucolion bore; 
Bucolion, son of great Laomedon ; 
First of his race, yet secret was his birth : 
Tending his flock, Bucolion won the nymph, 
Who bore him twins; yet short their fleeting 

years, 

Slain by Euryalus; their arms his spoil. 

Then Polypceetes slew Astyalus ; 
And by thy sword, Ulysses, vanquish’d, fell 30 
Percosian Pidytes : Teucer’s shaft 
Piere’d Aretaon; Nestor’s valiant son 
Ablerus slew: Atrides, Elatus ; 
In lofty Pedasus, by Satnia’s stream, 
He dwelt. But Leitus his flying foe 
Phylax transfix’d: Eurypylus o’erthrew 
Melanthius: alive Adrastus fell 
A prisoner in Menelaus’ hands : 
His fright’ned coursers fled the plain and broke 
The chariot pole, entangled in the boughs 
Of the tough tamarisk ; then, disengag’d, 
With others routed, to the city ran, 


Such terror reign’d: Adrastus headlong fell, 


VI. THE ILIAD. 


Roll’d in the dust, _ Atrides quick advane’d, 
And aim’d his fatal spear; with suppliant voice. 45 
Adrastus thus preferr’d his humble suit: 
““ Save me, Atrides, and a ransom take, 
* Or gold or iron ‘wrought, or sculptur’d brass ; 
“ Which my fond father, with no sparing hand, 
“ Will gladly give, if at thy hollow ships 50 
“He shall but hear his much-lov’d son still lives.” 
He spake, and pity touch’d his generous mind ; 
He paus'd, and check’d his rage; and had convey'd 
His captive to the ships, but with rebuke 
Severe thus interpos'd the king of men: 55 
‘ Heav’ns! Menelaus; what! is this a time 
“ΤῸ spare one Trojan; can they at thy hands 
“ Deserve or pity or compassion ? No; 
“* Yea, rather let not one escape alive, 
““ Perish the race entire, and all with Troy, 60 
“ Unburied, in one general ruin fall.” 
He spake,>and chang’d his brother’s wav ring 
mind, 
Who thrust Adrastus from him with disdain: 
Him Agamemnon slew; the spear transfix’d 
His bowels, prone he fell; the victor’s heel 
Insults the dead as forth his spear he draws ; 
When Nestor loudly to the Grecians call’d : 


L 2 


148 THE ILIAD, 


* Friends, Grecian heroes, warriors of renown, 
* Think not of spoil, but let your vengeful swords 
“ Exterminate the foe; theh, at your ease, 70 
“ Despoil them of their arms, the victor’s meed.” 
Thus Nestor rous’d their courage to the war: 
Then had the routed Trojans to their walls 
Retreated, nor had dar'd resist the foe, 
But Helenus, well skill'd in augury, 
To Hector and A‘neas thus exclaim’d: 
“© mighty chiefs, you who alone sustain 
“ And bear the weight of war, you who direct 
* Our counsels, stay this most disgraceful flight, 
“ Ere they return, hike cowards, to their home, 80 
“ Scorn and derision of their enemies ; 
** Then we, all -wearied as we are and spent 
** With toil, will yield to hard necessity, 
** And check the foe or perish in the cause. 
** Hector, do thou our royal mother seek, 
** (For thus we counsel,) let her quickly call 
«« ‘The venerable matrons to the fane 
“ Of Pallas in the lofty citadel ; 
* Let her select the robe of richest dye 
* And choicest work, invaluable, rare, 
“ς Meet present for a god, and at her knees 


“«“ Offer with humble supplication due; 


vi. THE ILIAD. 149 


“ And let twelve heifers on her altars smoke, 

““ Yearlings, unblemisht ; 1 perchance she take 

“ Compassion, and our wives and children spare, 

“ And from our city far Tydides drive, 96 

“4 ‘The bravest of the Greeks; for not the sword 

“ Of swift Achilles. such destruction wrought, 

“ Though from a goddess sprung; of matchless 

“< strength, 

“ No mortal may with Diomed compare.” 190 
He spake; Hector his counsel well approvd, 

And from his chariot leap’d all-armed forth ; 

Two spears he brandished, and through the ranks 

Pass'd on, and all their drooping courage rais’d : 

Again they turn’d, again they dar'd the fight. 105 
The Grecians paus’d, and from the slaughter 

ceasd ; 

For well they deem’d some potent deity, 

Descending from above, their courage arm‘d ; 

So quick they’rallied, and renew'd the war. 
When Hector thus: “ Trojans, allies, be brave 

“« And dare the battle, whilst to Troy Igo, 111 

“ By urgent business press’d, to give in charge, 

“ That Trojan matrons and wise counsellors 


“Οἱ age mature, with supplication meet, 


“ And hecatombs, the offended gods appease.” 115 


150 THE. ILIAD. 


Thus saying, Hector to the city mov'd, 
Protected by his pond’rous massy shield, 
Whose utmost verge his ample shoulders hid, 
Descending to his feet, so vast the orb. 

But Glaucus, son of great Hippolochus, 
And Tydeus’ son, before each host advanc’d 
To fight y:. when near, thus Diomed began : 


«© And who art thou, bravest of mortal race ? 


‘© have ne’er seen thee in the ranks of war 


‘ Before this day; yet now thy daring soul 125 
Impels thee to withstand my fatal spear : 
Unhappy they whose sons my strength defy. 
But if some deity from heav’n thou com’st, 

ΠῚ war not with the gods: for Dryas’ son, 
Lycurgus, did not long the light enjoy 

Of life, contending with immortal gods ; 

Who erst through Nyssa’s consecrated grove 
Drove Bacchus and his votaries: with fear, 

‘ With terror seiz'd, they fled, and cast away 

‘ Their sacred thyrsi; Bacchus fled amain, 135 
Fright’ned, and-sought protection in the sea ; 
Thetis receiv'd him, trembling at the voice 

And stern rebuke of man. But, much displeas’d, 
The gods this deep-felt injury reveng’d ; 


Saturnian Jove himself with blindness struck 140 


VI. 


THE ILIAD. 151 


“ ‘The offending mortal ; nor yet long his days, 


ae 


6¢ 


ee 


{( 


By all the gods detested and abhorr’d. 

I will not, therefore, with the gods contend. 

If mortal thou, by earth's productions fed, 

Approach, and thou shalt quickly meet thy fate.” 

Glaucus thus answ’red: “ Mighty Diomed, 146 

My name and lineage why dost thou inquire ? 

As leaves to leaves succeed, so man to man: 

These fall and wither; then; by spring renew’d, 

In quick succession rise: so mortal man 150 

To man succeeds, and falls, But wouldst thou 
“ know 

Of my descent (for many know it well), 

On the utmost bounds of Argos, fam’d for steeds, 

Lies Ephyra’s fair town, within whose walls 

Dwelt Sisyphus, of men most prudent deem’d, 

The son of Aolus; to him was born 156 

Glaucus, the father of Bellerophon, 

For beauty as for courage far renown’d, 

Gift of the gods. Proetus with evil mind 

Exil'd Bellerophon, for great his pow’r 160 

Amongst the Grecian states, so Jove ordain’d. 

His form attracted fair Anteia’s love, 


The wife of Proetus, but his. prudent mind 


Scorn’d to dishonour Proetus. She, with rage 


152 THE TLIAD. 


«ΟΥ̓ disappointed love, thus falsely chary’d 
“ Bellerophon with foulest calumny : 
“ «Or die thyself or slay Bellerophon, 
“<< Who basely sought to stain my Proetus’ bed.’ 
“She spake: fell rage inflam’d the monarch’s 
“ mind, 
Yet fear’d he to destroy the godlike youth; 170 
But sent to Lycia, with no friendly view, 
With tablets seal’d, whosé ominous contents 
Might ‘quick déstruction ‘bring, ‘with - strictest 
ἐς “charge 
To show the fatal tablets. By the gods 
Protected, ‘he to Lycia bent his way : 
And now arriv’d at Xanthus’ fertile fields, 
‘ The king with honour dte receiv'd his guest, 
‘. And spread the feast, and sacrifices meet 
‘Nine days the altars crown’d; when the tenth 
“ς morn 
With ruddy heht appear'd, the faithfal youth 180 
To see the tablets made his just request, 
Which he from Pretus brought: but when re- 
“ ceiv'd 
The dread eommands to slay Chimeera dire, 
“ His first exploit; monster implacable, 


“ Of race divine, patt lion, serpent-part, 


THE ILIAD, 153 


‘ And. part Chiméera, from whose nostrils pour’d 


Thick smoke and bickering flames; this monster 
** slain 


(For heav’n his cause defended), next in war 


* He dar'd the Solymi, of then esteem’d 


The bravest, rier an easy conquest gain’d: 100 


Then he the Amazons, in fight with men 


“ Contending, slew. When now, on his return, 


‘ The Lycian king in secret ambuscade 


A band selected plac’d, who to their homes 
No more return’d, slain by Bellerophon. 195 


Whom, when the king of race divine perceiv’d, 


Glad he detain’d him, and his daughter gave 


In marriage, and receiv'd him as a king. 

With large domain, and fields of wide extent, 
And fertile soil, the Lycians him endow’d. 200 
Three children grac’d his house, Hippolochus, 
Isander, and Laodamia fair, 

(From her Sarpedon, son of mighty Jove, 

Boasts his descent). But when Bellerophon 
The just displeasure of the gods incurr’d, 205 
Alone he wand’red o’er the Aleian field, 

In deep affliction shunniag mortal sight. 


‘ Insatiable Mars Isander slew, 
‘ Engag’d in combat with the Solymi ; 


154 THE ILIAD: 


“ By Dian’s shaft Laodamia fell : 

«ς J boast descent from great Hippolochus ; 
« At his command I aid the Trojan host, 

‘¢ And seek for honour. and renown in. arms ; 
“ Nor bring disgrace upon a noble line 

« Of ancestry, the bravest of their days. 

« Such is the origin I have to boast.” 

He spake; when mighty Diomed rejoic‘d, 
And fixing in the ground his spear, he thus 
With friendly words the Lycian chief address'd : 

“ Guest of my father, welcome to these arms: 220 
« (Eneus of old with hospitality 
“ Receiv’d Bellerophon, and him detain’d 
- Within his spacious palace: mutual gifts 
« The fact record; (ποὺ a purple belt 
ςς Of richest dye, a cup of massy. gold 
“ Bellerophon. bestow'd ; I still possess 
‘ The valued treasure. ‘Tydeus left me young, 
-ς When with ill omen to the Theban walls 

He led the Greeks, beyond my memory’s date. 

Let us then still maintain, in Argos I, 230 

‘ In Lycia thou, friendship’s most sacred rites, 
‘ Nor hostile meet in arms. ‘Trojans, allies, 
‘¢ A numerous foe, shall fall before my spear, 


« And many Grecians yield their lives to thine ; 


VI. THE ILIAD. 155 


“ Let us then arms exchange, that all may know 
“ We boast the inviolable tie of friends.” 236 
Thus saying, from ‘their. cars:the chiefs descend, 
Pledge their right hands, and lasting friendship vow: 
Glaucus (for Jove himself his mind impelld) 
His golden armour, hecatombs the price, 240 
To Diomed for much inferior gave. 
Meantime great Hector, at the Scan gate 
Arriv’d, each Trojan wife; each daughter fair, 
Of husband, brother, dearest relatives, 
Question with anxious care: he to the gods 245 
Commends their pray'rs, for grievous woes impend. 
Now Priam’s lofty palace he approach’d, 
With stately columns grac’d; of polish’d stone 
The spacious chambers of his numerous race 
In order show’d; within the vaulted hall, 
And opposite to these, in royal state 


Twelve domes of polisht‘marble rose to view, 


For Priam’s daughters and their potent lords. 


Here met. the-chief, ‘as to Laodice 
She went, his mother, mildest of her SEX ; 255 
Who seiz’d his hand, and thus her son bespake : 


““ My son, why hast thou left the tented field? 


“ Surely the hateful Grecians at our walls 


“ Press hard, : and thou art come with pious zeal 


156 THE ILIAD. 


‘¢ To raise thy suppliant hands to Jove supreme 
“ From the high citadel: but stay, my sen, 
“Libation to the heav’nly pow’rs first. made, 
“Let me with wine thy weary limbs refresh, 
« And dll thy strength renew, by toil subdued ; 
“ The labour and the heat of thisdread war 265 
“ Thy hands alone sustain in our defence.” 

Hector replied: ““Ὁ parent, much belov'd! 
“ Give me not wine, lest you unnerve my limbs; 
“* Nor dare I lift, polluted as they are, 
«. These hands to Jove : ’tis not for mortal man, 270 
«¢ With blood and gore distain’d, to raise his voice, 
“« Or pray’r address, to héav’n’s high majesty. 
« But do thou lead the venerable band 
“ΟΥ̓ holy matrons to Minerva’s fane : 
“ Spread the rich mantle and implore her aid; 275 
“ Vow on her altars twelve unblemisht steers, 
“ If haply then she will compassionate 
“ Our city, and our children, and our wives, 
** And from our walls avert Tydides’ rage, 
“‘ Who spreads destruction through our routed host. 
“ Go then, my mother, to Minerva’s fane; 281 
“ d will seek Paris, arid his courage rouse 
<< ‘To arms, if he will hear a brother's voice : 


** Qh, had he perish’d ere in woes involv'd 


VI. THE ILIAD, 


“ His country and his king, and all his race! 
“ Could I but see him to the shades descend, 
“ I might awhile forget my bitter griefs,” 

He spake; when Hecuba her servants call'd, 
And bade convene the matrons: they in haste 
Assembled; then herself a mantle chose, 290 
The richest of her stores; a treasure rare, 

Work of Sidonian maids, which in his ships 

From Sidon Paris brought when he to Troy 

Helen convey'd; of these the richest far 

She chose, of curious work, and dazzling hue, 295 
Resplendent like a star, and to the fane 

Of Pallas she the assembled matrons led 

In long procession to the citadel. 

Theano fair unbarr’d the temple gates, 
Priestess of Pallas; they with loud lament 300 
Ent ring, uprais’d their supplicating hands ; 
Theano spread the mantle on the knees 
Of dread Minerva, and thus urg’d the pray’r: 

“ O potent goddess, guardian of our walls! 


“ Break short his spear and headlong at. qur gates 
“ Q'erthrow Tydides, author of our woes; 306 


“ So shall twelve heifers at thy altars blaze, 
“ Unblemisht. Pity then our great distress ; 


158 THE ILIAD. 


“ς Our city, and ourselves, and children spare.” 
Thus pray’d she, but the goddess stern refus'd. 310 
Whilst thus to Pallas they the pray’r address'd, 

Hector mov'd onward to the lofty dome 
Of Paris, who himself the structure plann’d, 
And Trojan artists of superior skill 
The palace rais’d. The spacious hall within, 315 
The sumptuous chambers rang’d in order meet, 
Near Priam’s palace in the citadel, 
And Hector’s stately mansion : thither went 
The chief of Troy, and in his hand he grasp’d 
A spear of larger size, whose glitt'rmg point 320 
Before him shone, with golden rings adorn’d. 
Paris he,found handling his polisht arms, 
The shield, the corselet, and the fatal shafts; 
And near him Helen with her virgin train, 
Their works directing, sat. Him Hectorthus 325 
In terms severe bespoke: “ Ill-fated man! 
« Why this resentment ? why in. rage retir'd ? 
« It is not well: our troops are minished : 
“ For you alone these dreadful flames of war 
‘ Surround our walls: should other chiefs thus 
“ shun 330 


“ The danger, thou thyself wouldst first complain. 


THE ILIAD. 159 


Rouse then to arms, or ere the vengeful foe 
With desolating fire our city raze.” 
Paris replied: “ I own thy just rebuke, 
Hector, and therefore freely do confess, 335 
If thou canst lend a patient ear, that not’ 
My anger only causeth this delay, 
Howbeit just, but that I greatly wish’d 
In sorrow to indulge my soul awhile: 
Ev’n now fair Helen, with persuasive words, 340 
Hath rous’d my courage: arm we to the fight, 
' Success may crowny perchance, thy brother's 
“ toils ; 
Stay, then, and I will put my armour on, 


Or quickly follow to yon hostile plain.” 


Hector in silence heard, nor made reply; 845 
But Helen thus: “ O brother, much belov’d, 
“ Had I but perish’d, hateful as I am, 


¢ 


In early infancy, to wilds expos’d, 


“ ‘To the rudé winds or ruder seas a prey, 


“ By merciless waves o’erwhelm’d, nor liv’d to cause 


ςς 


Such complicated ills! but heav’nly pow’rs. 351 


* Had otherwise ordain’d: yet I might claim 


“ A warrior husband; one who could resent 


¢ 


Reproaches keen, and wounded honour feel; 


“* But Paris, by the avenging hand of Fate 355 


160 THE ΠΑΡ. 


“ Depriv’d of judgment, knows not the-extent 
ἐς And measure of those ills which folly brings, 


« But come, my brother, rest thee here awhile, 
“ The weight and burthen of this fatal war 


“ Thy hands sustain, and we, alas! the cause; 360 


« We, whom great Jove, in anger, hath ordain’d 
A spectacle to ages yet unborn.” 
“ς Detain me not,” the valiant chief replied ; 

‘ Thy kindness I acknowledge, but my mind 
Forbids delay when Ε may succour Troy, 365 
Which now my presence waits. Do.thou, mean- 

“ς time, 

« Urge Paris to the field, that he forthwith, 

“« When arm’d, may join me at the Scean gate, 

“ I go, a last farewell, perhaps, te take 

« Of those my soul most loves, my: wife and child : 

“ Heav’n knows if ever I again return, 371 

“ Or perish by the Grecian host o’erwhelm’d.” 

He spake, and hast’ned on with eager steps 

To seek Andromache; but sought in vain : 

Her house she left, attended by her son 

And faithful servant, and with anxious ¢are, 

With heart bursting through grief, sought: Ilium’s 

tow’r. : 
Hector inguird: ‘ Ah! whither is. she gone? 


VI. THE ILIAD. 


‘* Or to her sisters or dear relatives ὃ 
“Οὗ with the pious matrons to the fene 
“Οὗ dread Minerva to implore her aid >” 
“* Nor to her sisters, nor to Pallas’ fane,”’ 
The servant answer made: “To Ilium’s tow’r 
“* She went, for she had heard our sad defeat, 
“ And the success of Greece: trembling she heard, 
“ Nor staid; but to the tow’r, well nigh of sense 
“ Bereft, she hast’ned with her infant son.” 

She spake: Hector eftsoons pursued his way, 
And measur’d back his steps with quick’ned pace, 
Travers’d the spacious streets, and to the gate 390 
Which led to battle and the tented field 
Return’d: there met him his most blameless wife, 
The wealthy daughter of Eetion : 

Cilician Thebe own’d his regal sway, 

And Hypoplacus’ wide extent of wood - 

All unexpected, at the Scan gate 

Sudden she met him ; her attendant maid 

Press’d to her fragrant bosom Hector’s heir, 

His parents’ only hope, of tender years, 

Fair as the orient beam that gildsthe morn, 400 
Scamandrius nam’d; but Troy, with one consent, 
Call’d him Astyanax ; for well they knew 

His mighty father, guardian of their walls. 


M 


162 THE ILLAD. ᾿ : Υἱ, THE ILIAD. 163 


With silent joy he view’d his infant child; ** An early victim to Latona’s shafts. 


«ς 


But sad Andromache, with tearful eye, Thou, Hector, art my father; thouto me 430 


ες 


Hung on his hand, and thus in sorrow spake: A mother, husband, brother; in thee all 


 Iil-fated prince! whose daring courage brings | “ United I behold; in pity then, 


᾿ 


Destruction with it, ah! reflect awhile! Rest here and guard us, lest of thee bereft, 
An orphan child, a wretched widow’'d wife, | * A widow'd wife and orphan mourn thy fate. 
Thy pity claim: tempt not the doubtful war, 4 Where the wild fig-tree grows thy forces stay ; 

' Lest hosts entire o’erwhelm thee: ere that day There the low wall invites the daring foe, 436 
I see, heav’n close these eyes! depriv’d of thee, Ι Of access easy); thrice the Grecian host, 
No ray of comfort, but unceasing woes | “ By Ajax and Idomeneus led on; 
Await me, wretched: father I have none, ᾿ By Atreus’ sons, or matchless Diomed, 
And mother, none! him fierce Achilles slew, 415 ; ‘* Have made the fierce assault, whether by heav’n 
Thebe destroy’d with all her lofty gates, | Impell'd, or their own courage, to the attack.” 441 
And laid her monarch low; but of.his arms | : Hector replied: “ These things indeed engage 
Despoil’d him not, such high respect he paid: = “ My serious thoughts, Andromache ; yet much 
But, clad in arms, he to the funeral pyle ' I dread the censure and reproach’ of Troy, 
Committed him, and rais’d the sacred mount 420 # “ If, coward-like, I should most basely shun 445 
In honour of the dead: the mountain nymphs, | ‘ The dangers of the war, and shrink through fear ; 
Jove’s daughters, planted elms around his tomb. 7 “ I who from’ early youth have learnt to brave 


é¢ 


Seven brothers perish’d by Achilles’ sword, A host of foes, and foremost dare the war, 
Tending their lowing herds and fleecy care, 4 ‘* My own, my father’s glory to assert: 

All in one day sent to the shades below. 425 “ Yet well, indeed, I know this fatal truth, 450 
My captive mother, who with sov’reign sway | “ The day must come when sacred Troy shall fall, 
In Hypoplacus dwelt, her freedom gain‘d, i ‘ And Priam perish in his country’s doom. 

Paying large ransom: yet how short her days! : * But not for these such grief severe I feel, 


M 2 


164 THE ILIAD. 


My valued mother, or my royal sire ; 

Or my dear brothers, numerous and brave, 455 

Destin’d to perish by the Grecian sword ; 

As for thyself, a wretched captive made 

Where tears will nought avail; to ply the loom, 

Stoop to the meanest offices, and bend 

Uuder the galling yoke; and labouring hard, 460 

Bring water from the fam'd Thessalian springs, 

From Hyperia or Messeis; worn 

With grief, and press’d by hard necessity : 

When some in Argos'will be heard to say, 

‘See! Hector’s wife, of all the Trojan host 465 

The bravest chief’ whilst from thy aching heart 

Bursts the deep sigh, and flows the incessant tear, 

No Hector near to break thy captive chain. 

O may earth hold me in its cold embrace, 

A stranger to those griefs which rend thy soul!” 

He spake; and to his child the warlike chief 471 
Stretch’d his fond arms: with sudden fear appall’d, 
The affrighted babe clung to his nurse’s breast, 
Crying; the brazen shield, the nodding plume, 
And martial countenance with terror clad, 475 
His tender mind alarm’d: with secret joy 
Each parent smil’d: then Hector from his brow 


Unbound his glitt'ring helinet, and remov'd 


vi. THE ILIAD. 


he dread-inspiring crest, embrac’d his chald, 


And fondly kiss’d, expressive of his love, 480 


And thus to heav’n address’d bis earnest pray’: 


“ O Jove supreme! and all ye heay'nly pow’rs! 
Grant this my son in valour to excel, 

And bravely vindicate his country’s cause! 

May hosts approving greet his glad return 485 
From battle, crown’d with spoils ;-and shouts d& 


“ clare 


The son’s superior to the father’s fame, 
Whilst conscious joy pervades his mother's heart!” 
Thus Hector spake, and to her longing arms 
The lovely babe return’d: him she receiv'd, 490 
And to her fragrant bosom fondly press’d, 
Smiling with tearful eye. He saw, and thus 
In gentle terms: “ O my Andromache! 
“ Indulge not grief too much; I shall not fall 
“ Till fate decree; that fate which none escape, 495 
“ Coward or brave; for such the will of heav’n. 
“ ‘Weep then no more, but to thy home return ; 
“ There let thy house affairs, and curious works, 
“ With suitable employ thy mind cngage: 
‘* War is for men alone, but chiefly me.” 500 
Thus saying, he replac’d his glitt’ring casque; 


And to her palace, sad and slow, return’d 


166 THE ILIAD. 


Andromache, and shed the frequent tear 
While as she cast.a long last ling‘ring look : 
Then with her maidens wept her husband's fate, 505 


Though living, and with loud lament bewail’d 


Throughout his palace; for no more they deem'd 


He might escape the vengeful sword of Greece. 

Nor Paris in his lofty palace staid 
Reluctant, but, all-arm’d in shining brass, 510 
Through Troy’s wide streets with hasty step ad- 

vanc'd. 

The high-fed courser thus, long time confin’d, 
Sudden breaks forth and scours the distant plain, 
Eager to bathe him in the copious stream, 
Exulting ; high in air his head he bears, 515 
His flowing mane o’er neck and shoulders waves, 
With speed impetuous to the well-known fields 
And pastur’d steeds he wings his rapid way : 

So Priam’s son, from lofty Pergamus, 

In shining armour clad, exulting ran, 
Bright as the sun, and Hector thus address’d : 

“« Brother, I fear I have detain’d thee long, 

‘“¢ Nor thy commands obey’d.”. When Hector mild 
Replied: “ I own thy courage in the fight, 
“ And valour tried: yet indolence arrests 525 


“ Thy better knowledge: then indeed, my heart 


ΥἹ. THE ILIAD. 167 


“ With anguish bleeds when thou art justly blam’d; 
“ Thou for whose cause alone such toils we bear. 
‘* But haste we to the field; whate’er amiss 
May have occurr’d, we will in order set 530 
When Jove shall grant that to the immortal gods 
We pour the free libation from the cup, 
Each in his several mansion, undisturb’d ; 


TheGrecians vanquish’d and repuls’d with shame.” 


THE ILIAD. 


BOOK VII. 


ἃ ᾿ 
Luvs saying, Hector through the Scean vate 


With Paris rush’d impetuous; each resolv'd 
To mingle in the fight, and dare the foe. 

As when to sailors, spent, with weary toil 
Plying the cumbrous oar and labouring hard, 
Jove sends a prosp’rous gale ; so joy each breast 
Pervaded when the.chiefs to view appear’d, 

First Paris slew brave Areithous’ son, 
Menesthius, whom Philomedusa fair 
To Areithous bore: by Hector’s sword 
Eioneus expir'd; the deadly blow 
Sever’d his-netk, and clos’d his eyes in death: 
Glaucus, brave leader of the Lycian bands, 
O’erthrew Iphinous; the rapid spear 
Transfix’d his.shoulder, while as on his steed 15 
He vaulted; to the ground he dying fell. 

Pallas observ’d them through the Grecian host 


Dealing destruction, and with rapid flight 


170 THE ILIAD. 


From high Olympus to the Trojan plains 
She quick descended ; and from Pergamus, 
When Pallas near approach’d, Apollo rose 
To aid the Trojans: at the sacred beech 
They met; Apollo first his speech address’d‘ 
““ Daughter of Jove, why art thou hither come? 
““ Ts it to change again the fate of war, 25 
** And aid the Grecian host, that from high heav’n 
“δου dost descend? O yet commiserate 
“ The Trojans, perishing! Let me prevail, 
“* For so is best: then shall the rage of war 
“* ‘This day surcease ; hereafter let them fight 30 
“ ‘Till Troy shall be no more; whose fall alone 
“ Can satiate thy revenge, and Juno’s hate.” 
“ ‘Then be it so,” Minerva quick replied ; 
For with that view to these contending hosts 
I from Olympus came: say then, how best 35 
We may the combat cease, and stay the fight.” 
Phoebus return’d: “ Let Hector’s mighty mind, 
Inspir'd by us, to single combat dare 
The bravest chieftain of the Grecian host ; 
And Greece, astonish’d, shall a warrior choose, 40 
Of valour tried, to measure strength with him.” 


He spake; nor did Minerva disapprove : 


When Helenus, well-skill’d in augury, 


VII. THE [FLIAD. 171 


Nor uninspir’d in what the gods ordain’d, 


Approaching Hector, thus the chief bespoke: 45 


* O son of Priam! canst thou lend an ear, 
Skill’d as thou art in counsel, and to one 
Who would advise with all a brother's love? 
Cause each contending host to stay the fight, 
And labour of the field; then singly dare 50 
The bravest chieftain of the Grecian host ; 
Nor fear discomfiture or death from him 
Who shall contend, for so the gods ordain.” 
Hector with pleasure heard, and quick advanc’d 
To stay his troops, holding his levell’d spear 55 
Token of parley: they the sign obey’d, 
And Agamemnon staid the troops of Greece. 
Pallas meantime and Pheebus sat apart, 
In form like vultures, on the lofty beech 
Sacred to Jove, well pleas’d to view the scene; 60 
While as the thick’ning ranks on earth reclin’d, 
And shields and spears in horrible array, 
And glittring swords, encircled all the plain. 
As when the ruffled surface of the deep, 
By rising winds upturn’d and southern blasts, 65 
Grows black ; so the thick-seated ranks appear'd 
Of either host, whom Hector thus address’d: 


172 THE ILIAD. ν, in Wie THE ILIAD. 173 


“ Hear me, ye Trojans; and, ye Grecians, hear, “ ΟΥ̓́ some illustrious chief, by Hector slain "ἢ 


“Whilst I the dictates of my mind declare : “50 shall my glory brave the wreck of years.” 


“ Great Jove hath rend’red vain our solemn Thus Hector spake: a general silence reign’d: 


“ truce, “0 Refusal shame forbad, acceptance fear ; 


‘ And grievous woes impend ; whether on Troy, When Menelaus rising, with reproach 95 


4 Φ . Γ' - ἔς. eg Ὁ ἐν o r oo Ρ a 
By Grecian force subdued, or at your ships he bitter anguish of his soul express'd : 


Dismay and terror reign, and foul defeat : “ O boasters! to your sex a mark’d disgrace ; 


If then amongst the chiefs whom Grecia boasts Women, not men, to infamy consign’d ; 


There be whose soul to highest. deeds aspires, 75 That not one Grecian dare with Hector fight! 


Let him come forth that he may fight with me. To water and to earth return again, 100 


Witness, ye heav'nly pow’rs, and Jove supreme ! Whom neither glory fires, nor courage arms. 


* T will stand forth then, and this combat dare ; 


If vanquish’d I shall fall, his be the spoil, 


1° . μ᾽ Ξ Ξ 6< 9 , iF . ” 
This armour his; but, to his friends restor d, “ On heav’n alone the fate of war depends. 


Let Hector claim the rites of sepulture, He spake indignant, and his arms prepar'd. 
Then hadst thou perish’d, by superior might 105 


Subdued, O Menelaus! but the chiefs 


Of Greece quick interpos’d: Atrides first 
Ρ ᾽ 


And Trojan matrons heap the funeral pyle: 
But should Apollo grant to. me success, 


Be mine his armour, ἴο the god of day 


‘ A votive gift to decorate his fane: Who seiz’d thy hand, and thus express'd his fears: 


Whilst, to his friends restor'd, funereal rites 85 “ QO Menelaus, sure of sense bereft! 


The sorrowing Grecians at their ships perform ; Brother, forbear, such madness ill becomes: 119 


And on the Hellespont’s resounding shore Let not thy courage urge thee to contend, 


Erect the tumulus, that future times Rashly, with force superior : many dread 


May know, and late posterity remark, With mighty Hector to contend in arms ; 


Ploughing the briny wave, ‘ Behold the tomb 90 E’en swift Achilles in the ranks of wai 


“* Fear’d to meet Hector. Brother, then, forbear ; 


THE ILIAD. 


4 THE ILIAD. VII. 


“ ‘The Greeks some other.chieftain will select “ The bravest of our troops: in armour clad 


ς 


To fight with Hector: fearless though he prove, “ Of Areithous, Corynetes nam’d 


Insatiate of war, yet soon, I deem, 4 “ By all Arcadia from his iron mace, 


He will with bended knee joyful repose, 
From war escap'd and from his pow rful foe.” 120 
Scarce with these words he staid his. brother’s 


mind, 


(For not to war with bow or spear he rush’d, 
But with his iron mace whole ranks dispers’d,) 
Him by address, not force, Lycurgus slew, 145 


Transfixing with his spear ere he could wield 


And counsel sage; reluctant he obey’d, His cumbrous, arms, in narrow space confin’d: 


And to his friends his glitt’ring arms return’d ; Of bulk enormous to the ground he fell, 


When Nestor thus th’ assembled chiefs address’d: 


*““ Alas! what wondrous ills o'er Greece impend ! 
How would the venerable Peleus grieve, 126 
Whose counsels sway the warlike Myrmidons, 
Who erst inquiring learnt with secret joy 

The names and numbers of our Grecian host, 
Should he once hear they dreaded to contend 130 
With Hector! to the gods his aged hands 
Uplifting, he would pray for instant death. 

Oh, would to heav’n! to.mighty Jove supreme! 
To Pallas, to Apollo! that my youth 

Might be restor’d, as when at Pheia’s walls, 135 
Near to the sounding Celadonian stream, 

And Jordan’s flood, the Arcadian spearmen met 
And Pylians brave in arms; their mighty chief, 


Great Ereuthalion, dar'd in single fight 


ee 


Extended huge; his arms the gift of Mars, 

The victor’s spoil, which now Lycurgus bore. 150 

But when, grown feeble by the weight of years, 

Lycurgus fast declin’d, the valued prize 

He gave to Ereuthalion his friend. 

Clad in such arms he all our host defied, 

Who trembled at his sight, nor dar’d engage. 155 

My courage urg’d me to the bold emprise: 

Great as he was, I youngest of our host, 

Yet fought I, for Minerva gave success, 

And slew this-man, of stature vast and size, 

And stretch’d his wondrous length upon the 
*¢ plain. 160 

Oh, might I but recall my former years 

And strength, I would engage this dreaded foe ; 


But you, the bravest of the Grecian host, 


176 THE ILIAD. 


“ The combat shun, nor dare with him 
““ tend.” 

Stung by his just reproof, nine chiefs arose. 165 
Atrides, first in honour as in arms, 
Uprose ; him followed mighty Diomed ; 
Then Ajax Telamon: Oileus next, 
Idomeneus, and brave Meriones : 
Meriones like Mars himself in fight : 
Then rose Eurypylus, Euzemon’s son ; 
And Thoas and Ulysses, valiant chiefs, 
All eager to engage ; when Nestor thus: 

“ Lots must decide; for no mean praise awaits 
“ Him who asserts the honour of our arms, 175 
“ Who in this hazardous emprise stands forth 
“ Fearless, and from the combat safe returns.” 

Thus Nestor spake; his lot each chieftain mark’d, 
And in the helmet of Atrides cast ; 
Whilst hosts admiring rais’d to heav’n the pray’r, 
And thus were heard to say: “Ὁ mighty Jove! 181 
“ Let Ajax gain the lot, or Tydeus’ son, 
“ Or great Atrides’ self, Mycene’s king.” 

Thus they preferr’d the prayr; when Nestor 

shook 

The helmet, and the wish’d-for lot leay’'d forth 185 


Of Ajax Telamon, which throuch the host 
J g 


vil. THE ILIAD. 


To all the Grecian chiefs the heralds bore. 
None yet the lot acknowledg’d, till the mark 
Ajax exulting own’d, and stretch’d his hand 
The welcome lot to take, which on the ground 190 
With joy the hero plac’d, and thus exclaim’d : 
“ Mine is the lot, my friends, which I receive 
“ Joyful, and now anticipate success : 
You then, whilst I prepare me for the fight, 
To Jove supreme address the silent prayer, 195 
Or loud exalt your voice, for none we fear: 
Nor shall he through neglect or want of skill 
Subdue me; nor untaught, I trust, in arms 
Did Salamis to Troy her warrior send.” 
He spake; and they to Jove preferr’d their vows, 
And thus their wishes urg’d: “QO mighty Jove! 
“ Greatest and best, to Ajax give success 


“ And honour; but if Hector be thy care, 


© Let both an equal share of glory claim.” 


Thus they: Ajax meantime, with armour bright 
Invested, to the fight impetuous mov’d, 206 
Like Mars when rushing to the shock of arms 
Between contending hosts, whom angry Jove 
With discord agitates, and fell revenge. 

Thus mov'd the chief, in stature eminent, 
The bulwark of the host; terrific smiles 


WN 


178 THE ILIAD. 


His visage mark’d, as o’er the plain he strode 

Grasping his massy spear of wondrous length. 

A secret joy then felt each Grecian heart ; 

But fear and terror through the Trojan host 

Prevail’d, and Hector trembled at the sight ; 

Yet scorn’d he to retreat, or shun the war, 

Himself the challenger. Ajax meanwhile 

Drew near, bearing his shield’s enormous weight, 

Like to some tow’r, so large the pond’rous orb, 220 

With brass o’erlaid,. the work of 'Tychius, 

Artificer renown’d; in Hyla fair 

He dwelt; there fram'd the various sev’nfold orb 

Which Telamonian Ajax bore aloft, 

And near approaching, menac’d thus his foe: 225 
“ Hector, now shalt thou know, when man to 

“¢ man 

‘ Confronted, what theGrecian chieftains are, 

‘¢ After Achilles lion-like in arms, 

“ Spreading discomfiture through armed hosts. 

“ But he in anger, at his ships retir'd, 230 

“ No longer wars in great Atrides’ cause ; 

“ Yet are we many who will dare contend 

“ Singly with thee: come on, begin the fight.” 
When Hector thus: “ Think not, illustrious 


“ς chief, 


Vile THE ILIAD. 


“ To frighten, 88. ἃ child unus’d to arms 

“ Or deeds of war, me, whom the battle’s rage 

“ And slaughter’d ranks delight: for well I know 
“* To shift the cumbrous shield, and long maintain 


66 


The doubtful combat; to support the charge 


© In firm array; or, vaulting in.my car, 240 


“ Drive my swift coursers headlong on the foe : 

“ Yet, for thou bear’st thyself in noble guise, 

“ Forewarn’d prepare to meet this fatal stroke,” 
He spake; and, brandishing aloft in air 

His glitt’ring spear, full on the sev’nfold orb 245 

Smote vehement; through six tough hides it pass’d, 

The seventh its force repell’d. ‘Then Ajax hurl’d 

His spear, and on the shield Heéctorian smote 

With might, superior ; through the Trojan shield 

It pass’, and through the mail of plaited work: 250 

Hector shrunk back, and scarce escap'd from death, 

Now each his spear recov ring, to the charge 

Return’d with rage increas’d; as lions fel] 

And ravenous, or as wild boars of size 

Enormous to the contest foaming rush. 255 
Now Hector smote the sev’nfold orb, nor piere’d 


I'he brazen shield; the treach’rous point recoil’d : 


Phen Ajax rushing forward, through the shield 


Of Hector drove amain, such force impell’d 


N 2 
λ, As 


180 THE ILIAD. 


His massy spear, and sudden check’d the might 


Of Hector: on his neck the grazing wound 
Descending, stain’d the warrior’s arms with gore. 
Yet not for this did Hector quit the field, 

But stepping back he seiz’d a pond’rous stone, 
Craggy and black, and hurfd it on his foe: 

Full on the boss the cumbrous ruin fell, 

The sev’nfold orb resounded from the stroke. 

Then Ajax seiz’d a stone of larger size, 

And the vast fragment, pois’d aloft in air, 

Hurl'd with his utmost strength: the craggy mass 
Burst through the shield’s defence, and on the plain 
The chief extended prone: his. bended knee 

And shatter'd buckler scarce his weight sustain‘d ; 
But Phoebus interpos’d with aid divine. 

And now they had with swords renew’d the fight, 
But that the faithful heralds, messengers 276 
Of gods and men, from either host appear'd, 
Talthybius and Ideus: in the midst 
Their sceptres they advane’d. Idzeus thus 
The combatants address’d: “ O lov’d of Jove! 250 
“¢ Tilustrious chiefs, forbear, nor urge the fight ; 

“ Your valour tried each host with pleasure sees, 
‘* And all acknowledge: Night advances fast, 


‘© Obey her-dictates, and our counsel hear.” 
y ; 


VII. THE ILIAD. 


When Ajax thus: “To Hector this advice: 
“ He gave the challenge, and defied us all ; 
If he begin I shall not disobey.” 
When Hector answ’red: “Chief in arms re- 
“ nown’d, 
‘ Illustrious Ajax, grac’d with strength and might 
By heav’n above thy peers, let us desist, 290 
‘ And cease the combat now: should fate ordain 
‘* We meet hereafter in the ranks of war, 
We will contend till death shall end the strife: 
Now night commands, and we the night obey. 
Go then, and to thy friends with joy return, 295 
And greet thy host, whilst I again to Troy 
Retire awhile, and gladden ev'ry heart 
That lifts to heav’n a pray'r for Hector’s life. 
Let us then gifts exchange which may record 
This act, and after times admiring say, 300 
These fought for honour in the warlike field, 
For glory fought alone, and parted friends,” 
He spake, and gave his sword with silver studs 
Richly emboss’d, and belt of curious work ; 
Ajax a girdle gave, with purple stain'’d 305 
Pheenician: thus they parted: to the Greeks 


Ajax return’d, and to the Trojan host, 


Well pleas’d to see him, Hector bent his way. 


182 THE ILIAD. 


The joyful throng scarce think their hero safe 
From his dread enemy escap’d with life, 310 
And with loud shouts conduct him back to Troy. 
Nor less the Greeks with victory elate 
Conduct great Ajax to Atrides’ tent, 
When there arriv’d, the king to mighty Jove 
Due sacrifice prepar’d of nobler kind, 
The ox five years had numb’red, victim meet, 
Some strip the hide, in quarters some divide, 
Then cut in smaller joints, and, on the spits 
Fixing, they roast’ with skill; and from the fire 
Removing, cease their labour, and prepare 
Each in his place to share the glad repast. 
Ajax receiv'd, in honour of his might 
And prowess great in arms, the chine entire, 
Mark of respect, by Agamemnon sent. 
Hunger remov’d, the Pylian sage arose, 
Nestor, whose prudent counsel all approv'd, 
Unfolding thus his salutary lore: 

“ Atrides, and ye mighty chiefs of Greece, 
‘© Much loss we haye sustain’d of heroes slain, 
“© Whom Mars hath vanquish’d ; on Scamander's 

‘© banks 330 

** ‘Their blood pour’d out, their souls to Hades sent; 


** Cease then the fight, and at the morrow’s dawn 


VII. THE ILIAD. 


“ς Let us with pious care their sad remains 

“ Bear to the sacred pyle, and burn with fire ; 

“ And at our ships collect their scatt’red bones, 335 
Due to their country, to their children due ; 
And, indiscriminate to all, uprear 
The hallow’d tumulus: then let us build 
A wall, with battlements and lofty tow’rs, 

To us and to our ships a strong defence, 340 

With gates adorn’d, through which our host may 

** pass, 

Spearmen and horse array’d, and rapid cars ; 

And then by deep’ned fosse secure the wall 

From all attacks of infantry or horse, 

Should fate ordain that Trojan arms prevail.” 345 

Thus Nestor spake, and all the chiefs approv'd. 
Meantime the Trojans in the citadel 


A counsel held, fearful and turbulent, 


At Priam’s palace; when Antenor thus: 


“ Hear me, ye Trojans, Dardans, and allies, 350 
Whilst I the dictates of my mind declare: 

‘* Let Helen be restor’d and all the spoils 
To Atreus’ sons; we fight a perjur’d host; 

‘« Nor can we hope success will crown our arms 

“ Till all their just demand be satisfied.” 355 


Thus counsell’d he, and to his seat return’d. 


184 THE ILIAD. 


When Paris, Helen’s husband, rose in haste, 

And angry thus replied: ‘ To ime, indeed, 

“« Antenor, are thy words unfriendly most ; 

“* Assuredly you better counsel know ; 360 

“« But if such be your real sentiments, 

“ The gods themselves must have impaird your 

“ς mind; 

I too will speak the dictates of my heart : 
Know then, that Helen I will not restore ; 
But for the spoils which I from Argos brought, 
Those I will freely give, and others add.” 366 
He spake; when great in counsel Priam rose, 

Who prudent thus th’ assembled chiefs address’d : 
« Attend my words, Trojan and Dardan chiefs, 

‘ And brave allies, whilst I my thoughts disclose: 
Refresh we first our troops as heretofore, 371 
Set the strict watch and sentinels appoint 
To-night, and early at the morrow’s dawn 

‘ Our faithful heralds to the Grecian camp 
To Atreus’ sons shall bear the terms propos’d 375 
By Paris, cause of this disastrous war ; 

‘ And further, shall demand a truce awhile, 

‘ That we our dead, after due rites perform’d, 
May burn; then will we fight again, till Jove 


Or part our hosts or victory decide.” 380 


Vil. THE ILIAD. 185 


He spake: they heard, and willingly obey'd. 
And now by companies, in order meet; 
Refreshment they partook, and to the ships 
At early dawn Ideus took his way. 

In council at Atrides’ ship he found 
The chiefs assembled: in the midst he stood, 
And thus his embassy aloud declar’d: 

“ Ye sons of Atreus, and ye Grecian chiefs, 

From Priam and the Trojans 1 am come 

To offer terms, if such your pleasure be 

To listen what I say; by Paris’ self 

Propos’d, the cause of this disastrous war. 

The treasures which from Greece his ships con- 

“ vey'd 
“(Ὁ had he perish’d first !) he will restore, 
And large addition make; but doth refuse 395 
To give back Helen to her injur’d lord, 


Though by the Trojans urg’d: and furthermore, 


As ord’red, I demand a truce awhile, 
That we our dead, after due rites perform’d, 
‘ May burn; then will we fight again, till Jove 
“Οὐ part our hosts or victory decide.” 401 
So spake Ideeus: silent they remain’d, 
When Diomed thus firm his mind express’d : 


““ Not all these treasures; no, nor Helen’s self, 


186 THE ILIAD. 


“« ‘Will we accept: the least intelligent 
« May know, destruction perjur'd Troy awaits.” 
Thus spake he; and the Greeks with loud ac- 
claim 
Approv’d, admiring much his warlike mind ; 
When to Ideeus thus Atrides spake: 
“ Idzeus, their opinion you have heard, 
Which I do much approve: then be it so: 
But for the truce, I envy not the dead 
Their just and necessary rites of fire. 
' Be Jove then witness to this solemn truce.” 
He spake, and to the gods his sceptre rais’d : 415 
Idzeus then to sacred Troy return’d. 
There Trojan and Dardanian chiefs renown’d, 
In solemn council still assembled sat, 
Waiting their faithful messenger’s return, 
Who in the midst the answer loud proclaim’d. 
Now all in the sad pious work engag’d ; 
Some brought the dead, others the wood prepar'd. 
The Grecians from their ships collecting, some 
The dead in order brought, others the wood. 
Now Pheebus gladd’ned with his orient beam 425 
The fields, emerging from old Ocean’s bed 
Serene and deep: on every side they met: 


Nor might they well distinguish man from man. 


vil. THE. ILIAD. 187 


Washing their bodies smear'd with dust and gore, 
They sore lamented them, and to the bier 430 
Silent convey'd; such orders Priam gave ; 

And on the funeral pyle to fire consign’d, 

Heap’d indiscriminate; yet inward grief 

Severely felt: then back to Troy return’d. 

Nor otherwise the Greeks in silence heap'd 435 
The pyle funereal, and with fire consum’d 
Sorrowing, and to their hollow ships return’d. 

Before the dawn, whilst undistinguish’d night 
Prevail'd, a chosen band of Grecian youths 
Around the pyle the tumulus uprais’d 440 
To all promiscuous: then builded they 
A wall, with battlements and tow’rs secure, 

To guard their ships, with spacious gates adorn’d, 
For chariots and for horse capacious way : 

Without the wall they form’d the deep’ned trench, 
Large in extent, and fix’d the pointed stakes. 446 


The Grecians thus in labour pass’d the night. 


The heav’nly pow’rs, with mighty Jove conven’d, 
In admiration view’d the Grecian work, 
When potent Neptune thus the gods address’d : 

“ Great Jove! shall mortal man no more impart 


ςς 


His thoughts or counsels to the pow’rs above ? 


se te 
Aenea ahh Ai 


——— ἊΨ Ἰὼ 
tei abe rt nessa a RM Mi λῆς eg ὡς, ο λο 


188 THE ILIAD. ΥἹΙ, 


“ Seest thou, the Greeks have built before their 
** ships 

A wall-with battlements and trench secure, 

Nor the due hecatomb to heav’n have paid; 455 

Through the wide earth its glory will extend, 

Whilst that which erst Phoebus aid I uprais’d 

‘ ‘To great Laomedon neglected lies.” 
When cloud-compelling Jove thus angry spake: 
“ QO potent to disturb earth’s firmest base, 460 
‘ Neptune, why this complaint? a weaker far 
‘ Amongst the gods such fear might entertain ; 

Thy fame extends beyond the morning ray. 

Do thou, when to their native land again 

The Grecian forces in their ships’return, 405 

| This wall, o’erwhelm’d and sunk in Ocean’s bed. 

Destroy, and cover deep with sand the shore, 

That not a vestige of their work remain.” 

Thus they held converse: but the sun meantime 
Was set, and finish'd all the Grecian work. 470 
Then slew they through the camp the fatted beeves 
In numbers, and prepar'd the glad repast. 

Now ships with richest wine, from Lemnos’ isle 
Freighted, arriv’d, which Euneus, Jason’s ‘son, 


Whom fair Hypsipyle to Jason bore, 475 


VII. THE ILIAD. 


Sent to the sons of Atreus, and to them 

In separate gift a thousand measures each. 

From these, with money or with iron wrought, 
The Grecians purchased wine ; some bart’red skins ; 


With oxen others bought the gladd’ning juice, 480 


Others with captive slaves ;. and through the camp 


Prepar'd the genial board whilst night prevail’d 
Convivial: and through Troy’s capacious streets 
Allies and Trojans festive hours prolong’d. 

Great Jove meantime, indignant, thund’red loud 
Through the thick gloom of night, of evils dire 
Portentous to each host, whom terror seiz’d 
And pale affright: each pour’d libation due 
To sov’reign Jove, nor first presum’d to taste ; 


And then retiring sought the gift of sleep. 


THE ILIAD. 


BOOK VIiil. 


Now Morn, array’d in robe of crocus hue, 

Over earth her influence shed: when Jove conven’d 
On highest summit of Olympus’ top 

A council of the gods; they silent heard, 

When thus the Thund’rer spake: “ Attend, ye gods 


ee 


And goddesses, whilst I my mind declare ; 6 


Nor either dare to counteract my will, 


“ But all with one consent approving aid, 


({ 


So shall my purpose quickly be perform’d. 


‘“ But should I once perceive assistance giv'n 10 


“ By any deity to either host, 
Unseemly pain’d he shall to heaw’n return : 
‘ Or hurl’d to Tartarus obscure, far off 
In earth’s profoundest caverns, fast enclos’d 
By gates of iron on the brazen floor, 15 
‘ As far beneath the realms of Pluto laid 
‘ As heav’n from earth; there shall he know my 
“ pow'r 
Amongst the gods supreme and absolute. 


{xtend the golden chain, ye pow’rs divine, 


192 THE ILIAD. VILE 


“ Unite your force, your utmost strength exert, 


* 


** And drag the Thund’rer from his throne to earth! 


* Your strength, your labour fruitless all, and vain. 


“ But should my mind impel me, I will draw 

“ Earth, seas, and gods, and from Olympus’ top, 

** Enchain’d, suspend’ them in mid air: so much 25 

“My might exceeds the strength of gods and 

‘* men.” 
He spake: admiring silent all ‘remain’d, 

So resolute his words. Pallas at length 

Thus interpos’d: “ Saturnian Father, King 

“ Supreme, we know thy pow’r all Pow’rs above; 

“ Yet suffer that we mourn by adverse fate 31 

“ The Grecians perishing. If such thy will, 

“ From war, howe’er reluctant, we abstain, 

“ Permit us then sage counsel to suggest, 

“ Lest all in thy displeasure be destroy’d.” 35 
Her Jove with countenance benign address’d : 
Courage, Tritonia, daughter much belov’d; 

Nor deem me too,severe, though harsh my words ; 
‘ Indulgent ever are my thoughts to you.” 
Thus saying he prepar'd his car, and yok’d 40 

The brazen-footed steeds with golden manes, 

Then cloth’d himself in panoply of gold ; 


His golden whip he took of curious work, 


VILE. THE ILIAD. 


Mounted his car and urg’d his rapid course, 
Midway ’twixt earth and heav’n, to Ida’s top, 
In springs abundant, nurse of savage beasts, 
To Gargarus, where stands his lofty shrine, 
And altars blaze with incense; there he staid 
His coursers, and in darkness thick involy’d ; 
Then on the top enthron’d, and in his might 
Exulting, sat the King of gods and men, 
The city viewing and the ships of Greece. 

The Greeks refreshment at their tents in haste, 
As ord’red, took ; then arm’d them to the fight. 
Again the Trojans arm’d on every side 55 
Within the walls ; urg’d by necessity 
Severe, their wives and children to defend. 

Now through the spacious gates the Trojan host, 
Horsemen and foot array’d, march to the field 
Tumultuous: host to host confronted stands; 60 
Now rush they to the fight: shields clash with 

shields, | 
And spear with spear, and man with man contends 
All-arm’d: to heav’n ascends the wild uproar ; 
And vaunting boast, and loud lament is heard, 
And rivers roll in blood: from morn to noon 65 
The contest equal, and the conflict dire. 
But when the sun meridian height attain’d, 


oO 


104 THE ILIAD. 


Then in his golden scales Jove pois'd the fate 
Of each suspended, and the balance held ; 
The Grecian sank, the Trojan rose to heav’n. 
Then Jove from Ida hurl’d his thunder down ; 
The vivid hghtning through the Grecian host 
Incessant flash’d, the bravest to appall. 
Then fled Idomeneus, Atrides fled, 
And from the field each Ajax back retir’d, 
Such dread prevail’d: Nestor alone remain’d, 
Not willingly; his wounded courser stay’d 
His flight: the fatal arrow in the head 
Paris infix’d, where surest death ensues ; 
He rears; the weapon to the brain descends ; 
Dying he falls, and writhes him in the dust. 
Whilst Nestor strove his car to disengage, 
And cut th’ entangled traces with his sword, 
Borne through the tumult by his rapid steeds, 
Hector advane’d: then had the Pylian sage 
His fate receiv'd; but Diomed observ’d, 
And loudly shouting call’d Ulysses’ aid: 
“Ὁ fam’d for prudence, wise Laertes’ son, 


“ Why like a coward dost thou turn thv back ? 


“ Beware disgraceful wounds; stay then thy flight, 


*“* And with me guard this venerable chief.” 01 


Ulysses heard not, hast’ning to the ships: 


VIII, THE. ILIAD. 


Tydides singly through the ranks advane’d 
Fearless, and thus the Pylian chief address’d : 
“ Nestor, thy age but ill with youth contends 95 
“In warlike deeds; thy strength bow’d down with 
** years, 
“ Thy servants nothing brave, thy horses slow. 
“ Come then, ascend my chariot, you shall see 
“ How Trojan horses to pursue excel, 
“ Or scour the plain in flight: I took them erst 
““ From brave Aineas. To thy servants leave 101 
“ The care of those, and to the Trojan host 
““ Direct my horses: Hector then shall know 
“* Whether this spear still rages in my hand.” 
Tydides spake; nor did the Pylian king 105 
His counsel slight, but to Eurymedon 
And Sthenelus his car and steeds consign’d. 


Seated by Diomed, he held the reins 


And drove the Trojan steeds ; soon they approach’d * 


Where Hector fought : Tydides hurl'd his spear, 


Yet miss'd his mighty foe; but through the breast 

His faithful servant piere’d Eniopeus, 

Thebzus’ warlike son: the affright’ned steeds 

Starting, turn’d short: transfix’d he falls, and dies. 
His eharioteer thus slain with grief unfeign’d 115 

Hector cbseérv’d, though unrevene’d his cause : 


O02 


ps0 ia a 


Ce eae, eh ee οἱ 
Sieh Ss lyn a a ai 


196 THE ILIAD. 


Then sought the chief another charioteer 

Who might his place supply: nor sought in vain ; 

Brave Archeptolemus the car ascends, 

And guides in war, so Hector gave command. 120 

Then had disgraceful deeds and foul defeat 

The routed Trojans shut within their walls 

Like sheep, such terror reign’d; but Jove perceiv’d, 

And with portentous omen thund’red loud 

And dreadful, and his lightning sent abroad, 125 

And check’d Tydides’ course, before whose steeds 

The vivid lightning ran along the ground 

Ἢ streams of liquid fire: by fear assail’d, 

Trembling they stood ; from Nestor’s aged hands 

Palsied with terror, dropp'd the shining reins, 130 

When thus in fear he spoke: “ Now urge thy 

“ flight, 

“ ‘Tydides ; seest thou not that Jove denies 

** Success to us, but aids the Trojan host? 

“ This day to Hector’s glory is assign’d ; 

“ The morrow may be ours, if Jove ordain ; 135 

““ For to that pow’r all mortal force must yield 

“ Submissive, which admits of no control.” 
Tydides answ’red: “ Venerable chief, 

“ Just are thy words, and true; yet above all 


“ This dire reproach I fear, lest Hector say 140 


VIII. THE ILIAD. 197 


“ Amongst the Trojan chiefs, his arm alone 


ες 


Fore’d Diomed to basely quit the field: 


(ς 


Should he thus boast, I must with shame expire.” 


Nestor replied: “ Far other be thy thoughts, 
* Illustrious chief! though Hector should reproach, 
Yet will the Trojans or the Dardans heed? 146 
| ‘Will they whose husbands in the field have bled, 
Slain by thy hand, give credence to his words?” 
He spake; and turn’d to flight, with slack’ned 
reins, 
Back o’er the crowded plain: all Troy pursued 150 
Shouting, for mighty Hector led them on; 
And spears and arrows, dark’ning all the air, 
Hung on the routed host; when Hector thus 
Exulting, loud exclaim’d: “ Tydides, first 
“ At feasts, in council first, by Greece admir’d, 155 
“« Disgrace awaits thee, coward as thou art ; 
“Α woman in disguise : fiy hence, begone ; 
“ Thou who wouldst scale our walls, and captive 
** lead 
“ The Trojan dames, whilst I inactive stand, 
“ This arm shall send thee to the shades below.” 
Thus Hector boasting spake. Tydides heard, 
And now had turn’d and dard again the fight : 


Thrice he essay’d, and thrice from Ida’s top 


198 THE ILIAD. 


Jove thund’red, to the Trojans grateful sign 

Of favouring heav’n, and still successful war; 10ὅ 

When Hector thus, encouraging his host: 
“ Ye Trojans, Lycians, Dardans, brave in fight, 
Now be your courage, now your valour shown ; 
I know that mighty Jove to us success 
And glory gives, but to the Greeks dismay: 170 
Who, such their folly, deem themselves secure 
Within their wall: contemptible defence, 
Scarce worth a thought; too weak against my 
“ strencth ; 
My horses shall o’erleap this idle fosse. 
When at the ships successful I shalk drive « 175 
O’er heaps of slain, then be the torch prepar’d, 

ς That I may burn their ships, whilst they be- 

“ς come, 

ς Through smoke and fear dismay’d, an easy prey. 
And you, my horses, for to you I speak, 
Of noble race; Xanthus, Podargus swift, 180 
7Ethon and Lampus, now repay the food 

‘ Which fond Andromache, and largely too, 
Hath minist’red unto you, corn and wine, 
With liberal hand, in preference to me: 
Strain every nerve, your utmost strength exert ; 


That I from Nestor take his golden shield, 


VIII. THE ILIAD. 199 


Solid, entire, whose fame transcends the skies ; 
And strip from Diomed his plaited mail 
‘ Of workmanship divine, by Vulcan made: 

If these we shall obtain, I well might hope 190 

This night to drive them from the Trojan shores, 

For safety flying in their ships to Greece.” 

Thus Hector boasting spake. Him Juno heard 
Indignant: from her throne the goddess rose 
Incens’d ; Olympus trembled as she mov’d. 
Neptune she thus address’'d: “ O potent god! 


6¢ 


Seest thou the Greeks thus perishing, unmov'd ? 


ὡς 


Yet they in Helice and Ege bring 


Rich gifts, and numerous, to thy sacred shrine, 


‘ That thou their cause mightst aid, if such thy 


(ς 


will: 200 
‘ Were we as many as assist the Greeks, 

United to repel the Trojan force, 
' And curb the arm of Jove; on Ida’s top 

He might indulge in solitary grief.” 

When Neptune much displeas’d: “0 prone to 

“ err 205 

In speech, what hast thou said? not all the gods 
United might with Jove supreme contend.” 
And now the space enclos’d was throng’d with 


horse 


200 THE ILIAD. 


And armed men, the fosse and wall between, 

Repuls’d by Hector like the god of war, 

For Jove himself success and glory gave. 

Then had he burn’d with fire the Grecian fleet ; 

But Agamemnon, warn’d by Juno’s care, 

Eager from ship to ship, from tent to tent, 

Hast’ned laborious; in his hand he bore 

The purple robe, emblem of royalty ; 

Now in the centre at Ulysses’ ship 

He stood, that either side his voice might hear ; 

Now at the tent of Ajax Telamon, 

Or at Achilles’ tent, who, in their might 220 

Confiding, held the extremest place ; and thus 

In loudest terms their drooping courage rais’d : 

“ O great disgrace! O men in form alone! 

“ Where now your boasted courage? where the 

* deeds 

Of high emprise which erst at Lemnos’ isle 225 
Ye vaunted, when the genial feast was spread 
With choicest viands, and with richest wines 
The goblet crown’d? Then were ye brave indeed, 
Each chased a thousand foes; now one prevails, 
Hector, who braves the united force of Greece, 

* And threatens quick destruction to our fleet. 231 


* O mighty Jove! lives there on earth a king 


VIII. THE ILIAD. 201 


“ So wretched, so disgrac’d! In evil hour 
“I hither steer’d my course: yet, for thou know’st, 
“ The choicest victims at thy altar bled 235 
In constant sacrifice, with this fond hope, 
That Troy might perish by our conqu’ring arms: 
Now, sad reverse! an humbler boon I crave, 
Protection and escape, if such thy will: 
Suffer not Greece thus utterly to fall.” 
Thus spake Atrides: Jove in pity heard 
His earnest pray’r preferr'd with many tears, 
And granted his request. The bird of Jove, 
Propitious omen, now appear'd in view 
Soaring aloft in air; a tender fawn 
His talons held, which at the altar’s foot 
He cast, sacred to Panomphzan Jove. 
The Greeks beheld, and knew the sign from heav’n, 
Token of favour, and renew’d the fight. 


First, amongst many chiefs, Tydides dard 250 


Beyond the fosse to drive his rapid steeds, 


And recommence the fight: a chief he slew 

In armour clad, as he his horses turn’d, 

On flight intent; the spear his back transfix’d 
Between his shoulders : Agelaus fell, 255 
The son of Phradmon, from his lofty car 


Extended on the plain: his armour rang. 


202 THE ILIAD. VIII. 


4 


Now Atreus” sons advane’d; and fierce in streneth 


᾿ 
Each Ajax came, and brave Idomeneus: 
And, like destructive Mars, Meriones: 260 
Then came Eurypylus, Euzemon’s son ; 
And. Teucer next, well skill’d to bend the bow. 
Retir'd behind the Telamonian orb, 
Secure he. view’d the plain; the shield withdrawn, 
Some hero fell by his unerring shaft ; 265 
Then safé behind the vast circumference 
Retreating, as the mother sereens her babe, 
So Ajax him protected with his shield. 
Who first, who last, by Teucer’s arrows fell ? 
Orsilochus the first, then Ormenos 
And Ophelestes, Deter, Chromius ; 
Then Lycophon, and Polyeemon’s son 
Brave Hamopaon; Menalippus last, 
In quick succession on the plain expir'’d. 

Atrides, potent king, rejoic’d to see 
The Trojan chieftaims perish by his shafts, 
And near approaching thus the youth address’d : 


“<< Teucer belov’d, brave son of Telamon, 


“ Thus ever fight; if haply thou mayst bring 


“* Some respite to the Greeks; to Telamon, 


‘ Whose fond parental care hath nurtur’d thee, 


Though. of ignoble birth ; yet in thy fame 


VIII. THE ILIAD. 


He feels reflected honour: hear my words, 
The purpose of my mind: should Heav’n but 
ςς 


crant 


I take proud Troy, next to myself the gift 285 


“πὶ 


“ Thou shalt in honour claim; some tripod rare, 


Or splendid chariot with the gen’rous steeds, 
Or some fair captive, partner of thy bed.” 
When Teucer thus: “O monarch, much rever'd, 
Urge me not, willing of myself to fight ; 290 
I will not cease whilst strength and vigour last. 
Since we compell’d the Trojans to retreat, 

‘ No arrow from these hands hath fled in vain. 
Eight barbed shafts I at the foe have sent, 
Fight Trojan youths have felt the fatal stroke; 
Yet Hector lives, whose rage I seek to quell.” 
He spake; and aim’d his shaft to pierce the chief 

Eager; again he miss’d his mighty foe: 

Gorgythion son of Priam felt the wound 

Deep in his breast infixt; Gorgythion, 

Whom fair Castianira whilom bare, 

Of form divine: /Esume gave her birth. 

The garden poppy thus with rip’ned fruit 


Surcharg’d, and vernal show’rs, declining low, 


Bends to the weight, and bows its drooping head ; 


So bow’d the youth beneath his pond'rous casque. 


; 
i 
Ϊ 
} 


204 THE ILIAD. 


Another shaft, nor aim’d with surer skill, 
Teucer directed at the chief of Troy ; 

Apollo saw, and turn’d the shaft aside : 

Yet not in vain it lew: thy charioteer, 
Hector, the wound receiv’d, his breast transfixt. 
Forth from the chariot Archeptolemus 

Fell prone: the coursers starting back retir’d 
Dismay’d: his lifeless corpse extended lay. 

No common grief great Hector’s mind assail’d, 316 
His friend thus slain, and urg’d to quick revenge. 
Cebriones his brother’s place supplied, 

So Hector will’d; who, glitt’ring in his arms, 
With shout terrific from his chariot leap’d, 

And from the ground a cumbrous stone uprais’d, 320 
And rush’d on Teucer, eager to destroy. 

He the selected arrow had with care 
Fix’d on the string, when now the mass descends, 
By Hector thrown, just where the shoulder joint 
(Fatal the place) the neck and chest unites: 3825 
Nor doth the well-wrought string such force sustain ; 
The bow falls useless from his hand benumb’d: 
Scarce his bent knee supports the vanquish’d youth. 

But not unmindful of his brother’s fate, 

Ajax in haste advane’d, and, with his shield 330 


Protecting, to his friends the chief consign’d, 


VIII. THE ILIAD. 


Mecisteus and Alastor; who with care 
Convey’d him, deeply groaning, to the ships. 

With added courage then great Jove inspir'd 
The Trojan host, who soon within the fosse 335 
Repuls'd their foe; whilst foremost in the van, 
Dealing dismay and terror, Hector strode. 

As when the hound with steady foot pursues 
The boar or lion, trusting in his speed. 

And eye observant, hangs upon his rear 
Incessant, and with frequent wound retards ; 

So Hector swift pursued the routed Greeks 
With fear inspir’d, and dealt destruction round. 

Now from their lines the vanquish’d host retir’d 
Dismay’d, and at the ships, perforce detain’d, 345 
Invok’d the gods, and scarce maintain’d the fight. 

With Gorgon eyes, and like destructive Mars, 
Now here, now there, his chariot Hector drove. 
But Juno seeing, pitied much their fate 
Unequal, and Minerva thus address’d: 350 

“ Daughter of Jove, and shall we not at last 

Succour the Grecians in their deep distress ; 


' Consign’d to. fate through Hector’s boundless 


ee 


rage 
And madness unrestrain’d, unsatisfied 2” 


When thus Minetva: “ Long indeed ere this 355 


i 

εἶ 

Ῥ 

: 
ἐν, 
᾿ 

: 

᾿ 

é 


206 THE ILIAD. 


« His rage had ceas’d, his life the forfeit paid, 
ἐς Slain by some Grecian chief's superior might : 
“ But that with partial and unjust decrees 

“ Jove overrules, and checks my great designs ; 

ςς Unmindful to repay my former cares 360 

« To guard his son through labours perilous, 

‘ Who, by Eurystheus prest, in utmost need 
Invok’d heav’n’s aid: I then, so Jove ordain’d, 
Descending, with no common care preserv'd. 

' Had prudent forethought but suggested this, 365 
When to the realms of night with iron gates 
Barrd fast, he went, and seizd and dragg’d to 

“ light 

The triple-headed monster Cerberus, 

He ne’er had cross’d again the fearful gulf. 

Now me he hateth, whilst the crafty views 370 

Of Thetis ure’d in humble guise prevail, 

To add new lustre to Achilles’ fame: 

The time may come when he will seek the aid 

Of his dear daughter. But do you, meantime, 

Prepare our horses and our car with haste. 375 
ἐς I tothe mansion of great Jove repair, 

“ And arm me'to the war: yet shall not he, 

« The mighty son of Priam’s noble race, 


“ Rejoice when moving in the ranks of war 


VIII. THE ILIAD. 207 


“ We shall appear; then soon to dogs consign’d, 
“ And birds, shall perish many Trojan chiefs.” 381 
She spake; and Juno list’ned her behest : 
The venerable queen of heav'n herself 
Rein’d the swift steeds; the rapid car prepar’d. 
Pallas meantime, daughter of Jove supreme, 385 
On the bright threshold of the gods, star-pav'd, 
Her mantle cast, with various work inwrought 
Of art refin’d, the labour of her hands: 
Then with the Thund’rer’s mail invests her limbs, 
And arms her for the dreadful deeds of war, 390 
And in her car ascends: her hand the spear, 
Strong, vast, and pond’rous, grasps; with which, en- 
rag’d, | 
The potent goddess hosts entire o’erwhelms - 
Saturnia guides the coursers’ urging speed. 
The gates of heav’n spontaneous open'd wide, 395 
Kept by the winged Hours, to whom consign’d 
High heaven and Olympus, or to close 
In darkness, or admit the radiant light: 
Through these they sped their way. But mighty 
Jove 
From Ida’s top beheld their wayward course 400 
Indignant, and his messenger with wings 


Of feather’d gold bespoke: ‘ Haste, Iris, haste, 


208 THE ILIAD. VIII. 


* Conduct them back, nor suffer that we meet 

““ Adverse; such contest were disgrace indeed! 

“« My fix’d determination thus declare : 405 
Under their broken chariot crush’d their steeds 
Shall lie, themselves thrust headlong from their 

** seats ; 
Nor may ten tedious years heal up the wounds, 
Painful and deep, my thunder shall inflict : 
Then shall Minerva know and fear my wrath; 410 
Her father’s wrath ; Juno indulgence claims, 
Accustom’d ever to withstand my will.” 
He spake; and Iris hast’ned on the wings 

Of rapid winds convey’d, from Ida’s top 

To high Olympus: at the gates of heav’n 415 

She stopp’d them, and the high command of Jove 

Deliver'd thus: “ Whither this haste, O say! 

“ What madness hath beguil’d you, what dire 

* rage? 
‘ No succour to the Grecians Jove permits ; 
On this his fixt determination hear: 420 
Under the broken chariot crush’d your steeds 
Shall lie, yourselves thrust. headlong from the 
** seat ; 
Nor may ten tedious years heal up the wounds, 


Painful and deep, his thunder shall inflict ; 


VIII, THE ILIAD. 209 


“ That thou, Pallas, mayst know and fear his 


({ς 


wrath 425 


6e 


Who dar’st oppose ; Juno indulgence claims, 
Accustom’d ever to withstand his will; 
But thee, what rage, what insolence can urge, 


Against great Jove, thy sire, to lift the spear ?” 


Thus Iris spake; and wine’d to heav’n her way. 


When Juno thus: “ Daughter of Jove, forbear ; 

“ Contend we not with him for mortal man; 

“ Let them or live or perish, as the chance 

“ Of war ordains: his will alone controls 

“ As just, the fate of Trojans and of Greeks.” 435 
Thus saying, back she rein’d the immortal steeds, 

The Hours unharness’d, and ambrosial food 

Supplying, led them to their ample stalls, 

And in its standing plac’d the glitt’ring car. 

The potent goddesses meantime repair'd 440 

Each to her golden throne amongst the gods 

Promiscuous, yet with inward grief opprest. 

When now from Ida Jove himself advane’d, 

Borne by his coursers of immortal breed, 

In dazzling car to high Olympus’ top; 445 

And these to Neptune’s prudent care consign’d, 

High on his golden throne the Thund’rer sat, 

And all Olympus trembled at his feet. 


P 


210 THE ILIAD. 


But far apart, opprest with fear and shame, 
Pallas and Juno silent long remain’d : 450 
Jove knew their inmost thoughts, and thus be- 
gan : 
“ Say, Pallas, Juno, say, why thus ageriev'd? 
No tedious labour hath employ’d your time 
To crush the Trojan host, your constant hate. 
Know this, my pow’r supreme not all the gods 
United may ‘resist, or turn aside 456 
' My fixed purpose: yet hath fear assail’d 
Your trembling limbs ere seen the bloody field 
Of hateful Mars, ere heard the din of war. 


Note well my words: had disobedience arm’d 460 


My vengeance, you had never more return’d, 


Blasted with lightning, to these blest abodes.” 

He spake: grief held them silent, still resolv'd 
The Trojans to destroy. Minerva most 
With Jove incens’d, yet check’d her swelling rage ; 
But Juno thus replied: “ O ‘too‘severe, 466 
‘ What hast thou said? We know thy powr:su- 

*“* preme ; 

Yet suffer we indulge our grief awhile, 

And ‘mourn the Grecians slain: if such thy will, 

From war we must desist: but to suggest 470 


Such counsel as may save, we ask no more.” 


VII. THE ILIAD. 211 


Jove answ’red thus: ‘“'To-morrow thou mayst see, 
“ If such thy pleasure, base discomfiture 
“< Spread through the Grecian host, such my de- 
** cree: 
“ Nor Hector cease victorious till that day 475 
“ When swift Achilles, rushing to the ships 
“ In utmost need, Patroclus shall regain. 
“ Thy rage I heed not; and I tell thee more ; 
“ Shouldst thou in anger to the extremest verge 
“ Of earth and ocean, to the drear abode 480 
“ Of Saturn and lapetus repair, 
“ Cheer'd by no genial ray, no balmy gale, 
“ Fast by the gates of hell ; though wand’ring there 
“ Indignant, I should disregard thy rage.”’ 
And now in ocean’s bed the lamp of day 
Declining sank, and Night her sable wings 
In darkness spread, unwelcome to the host 
Of Troy victorious; to the Grecian chiefs 
Most grateful, most desir‘d, night’s peaceful shade, 
But Heetor near Scamander’s rapid stream 490 
A council summon’d, distant from the ships 
And numerous slain: encircled by his chiefs, 
And leaning on his spear with rings of gold 
And brass refulgent, favour’d of high Jove, 
The victor chieftain thus address’d his speech: 495 


P2 


THE ILIAD. VILE. 


«“ Hear me, ye Trojans, Dardans, and allies : 
«“ This day I thought indeed, this glorious day, 
“« (The Grecians vanquish’d, and their ships con- 

“ sum’d,) 
“« Τὸ have return’d to Troy: darkness alone 
« Hath sav’d them from destruction: we obey 500 
“ The sacred Night. Refresh we then our troops 
“ And wearied coursers ; let the circling wine 
“ And ample feast our wasted strength renew: 
“ Such plenty Troy affords of fatted beeves 
‘¢ And numerous flocks: and let the blaze of fires 
“ These plains illumine till the morn appear ; 506 
“ς Lest, favour’d by the darkness, coward Greece 
“ Sculk to her ships, and balk our just revenge, 
“ Convey’d by stealth through ocean’s pathless 
“* way. 

“« Not unmolested shall they tempt the main, 
“ But bear the wounds our spears shall deep inflict 
“ 'To other climes, and some far distant home. 
« Just punishment; that others hence may learn, 
ἐς And fear to wage destructive war with Troy. 
“ Let faithful heralds to the city bear 515 
“ Our pleasure, that the youths and aged sires 
“86: the firm watch, and guard her sacred walls. 


“ Let fires, the matrons’ care, prevent surprise 


VII, THE ILIAD. 


“ Whilst distant we remain: then be it SO; 
“ Thus far regards the night, as seemeth best: 520 
«© What may to-morrow be expedient, 
The morrow will disclose. Would heavn but 
** grant 
‘ My fervent pray, that we may thrust them 
* hence 
With total rout, whom to our Trojan shores 
In their dark vessels angry Fates have brought! 


Let then the proper and sufficient guard 526 


This night be set ; we will at dawn of day 


Kindle the flames of war beneath their ships : 
Then shall I see whether proud Diomed 
Can force me from the ships, or I from him, 530 
Vanquish’d, the bloody spoils in triumph bear : 
His boasted courage be to-morrow tried 
Against my spear; the day shall see him fall 

‘ With many friends around. O might I live 
As Phoebus or Minerva, long rever'd, 535 
As the next dawn prove fatal to the Greeks !” 
Thus Hector spake: the Trojans shouted loud 

With joy: their steeds unyok’d, each by his car 

In order plac’d, and from the city brought, 

So Hector gave command, the generous wine, 540 


And the rich produce of their flocks and herds, 


214 THE ILIAD, VIII. 


And bread and wood: Now blazd the num’rous 
fires 

Throughout the plain, and sacrifices due 
In vapours to the distant sky arose. 

Elated with success the troops around 
Sat joyful, and the plain illumin’d shone 
With frequent fires. As when unnumb’red stars 
Round the pale moon their light refulgent shed, 
When every breath is hush’d, proyeeting rocks 
Are seen, and summits of stupendous height, 550 
And deep’ned valleys close the varied scene ; 
The vast expanse of heav’n’s high arched roof 
Bursts on the sight, and every star appeats ; 
A secret joy pervades the shepherd's breast : 
So through the plain by rapid Xanthus’ stream 555 
Blazd numerous fires, a thousand burning fires, 
And each a band of fifty chosen troops 
Assiduous guard ; their coursers ready stand, 


And all impatient wait the commg morn. 


THE ILIAD. 


Be 


BOOK Ix. 


Tavs through the night strict watch the Trojans 


kept ; 

But meditating flight, inspired with fear, 
With doubts distracted, and opprest with woe, 
The Grecians wait the morn. As when the winds 
Boreas and Zephyrus from Thracia blow 5 
With sudden violence, tempestuous waves 
Defornr the deep, and bursting on the shore, 
From ocean’s bed upturn the loos’ned weed ; 
So various passions shook their wav’ring minds. 

Atrides, with unbounded grief o’erwhelm’d, 10 
A council call’d: each several chief by name 
The heralds summon, or the monarch bids, 
Sorrowing they met. Atrides in the midst, 
The frequent tear still starting from his eye, 
Arose,—so bursting from the living rock 15 
The bubbling fountain pours its lucid stream,— 


And deeply sighing thus the chiefs address‘d: 


* 
~All lin agin oracle = 


16 THE ILIAD. 


* QO friends! illustrious and warlike sons 

Of Greece! wiih loss severe and with disgrace 

* Jove hath afflicted me, who safe return 

Promis’d from ς apturd Troy: but now I fear 

Sonie dread calamity impends our host; 

Since he commands, after much treasure spent, 

And many heroes slain, inglorious flight. 

Thus Jove decrees, and who shall dare resist ? 25 

Jove, who hath humbled cities to the dust, 

And still will humble, such his sov reign pow’r. 

With one consent prepare we then our ships, 

And to our native land urge speedy flight, 

Since Jove forbids the capture of proud Troy.” 

The monarch ended: shame long held. them 
mute, 31 

And disappointed hopes; when thus at length 

Tydides spoke his mind: “ I first oppose, 

“ O king! such rash resolve: freely I speak, 

As custom sanctions, nor be thou displeas’d. 35 

‘ Thou didst my courage question in the field, 


Surrounding warriors heard the base reproach ; 


Behold, these know to whom I make appeal. 


With sovreign pow'r, with honour Jove hath 
“ crown’d 


Thy days; but hath withheld the noblest boon, 


IX. 


THE ILIAD. 217 


‘< A soul that knows not fear. II]-fated king! 


ςς 


What! dost thou deem us of such abject mind, 
So void of courage as thy words import ? 

If such thy will ali eager to return, 

Go; the way’s open, and thy ships at hand 48 
In number great, which from Mycene came. 
Yet will the Grecians stay till we destroy 

Yon hated city: but should they too fly, 

And basely seek their native shores again ; 


Yet I and Sthenelus will dare the fight, 50 


ς. Till Troy shall stoop beneath our conquering arms 


In ashes laid; for twas with God we came.” 


He spake: the chiefs unanimous approv'd, 


Admiring much the brave and manly tone 


Of Tydeus’ son; when aged Nestor thus: 


“Ὁ Diomed! unconqu’red in the field, 

In council excellent, well hast thou said, 
Above the reach of censure: yet, my son, 
(For well my years.such language will allow 


Compar’d with thine, ) permit me to enlarge 60 


‘ Thy thought ; though prudent ever is thy speech, 


Yet long experience and maturer age 
Indulgence claim, whilst I declare at large, 
And all my mind unfold; which none may blame 


Justly who hear me; not Atrides’ self. 65 


218 THE ILIAD. 


No ties of blood, no. laws that man may bind, 
No home endear, whom civil war delights! 
Let us Night’s sacred laws obey, and spread 


‘ The genial feast, and set the watch secure 


Without our walls; be that the charge of 


“¢ youth. 

Do thou, Atrides, as becomes a king, 71 

Prepare to feast the elders; in thy tents 

Abundance reigns; Thrace sends her gen’rous 

“ς wine, 

And daily vessels ample stores supply. 

Then let each chief his sentiments declare: 78 

Our safety in collected wisdom stands ; 

And urgent is our need: the ‘Trojan fires 

Surround our ships: this is no time for joy, 

This night may or destroy or save our hast.” 

He spake: the Grecians willingly obey’d. 80 
Forth rush’d the guard, in glitt’ring armour clad, 
With Thrasymedes, Nestor’s valiant son, 
Ascalaphus and brave Ialmenos, 

The sons of Mars; with them Meriones, 
Deipuros, and Aphareus advanc’d, 

And Lycomedes, Creon’s noble son. 

Seven leaders bore command; a hundred youths, 


With spears well arm’d, each warlike chief obey'd, 


ΙΧ. THE ILIAD. 219 


And form’d the guard: between the fosse and wall 


High blaz’d the fires; there each repast prepar’d. 90 


Now to his tent the chiefs of revrend age 
Atrides bade, and spread the genial feast, 
Which all in order duly rang’d partook. 
Hunger now satisfied, and thirst remov'd, 
Thus, deeply skill’d in wisdom’s sacred lore, 
ΟἿ salutary prov’d, the aged chief 
Nestor his speech resum’d: “ O potent king, 


(ς 


Great Agamemnon! suffer that in thee 


“ I finish and in thee begin my speech, 


“ Of many nations head ; for Jove supreme 100 
The sceptre hath committed to thy care, 
To thee his laws consign’d, that thou mayst rule 
With justice, and consult the public weal. 
Thee it becomes or to declare thy thoughts, 
Or patient hear what prudence may advise, 105 
' Adopting ever that which seemeth best. 
Thus then I counsel; thinking as I do, 
And long have done, what none may contravene, 
Een from that day when thou didst rashly seize 
And take Briseis from Achilles’ tent, 110 
Who justly was enrag’d: I did dissuade, 
For much { disapprov'd: thy wrath prevail’d. 


Him whom the gods had honour'd, with disgrace 


πτσου το οι αφαξεηψα,αρη- Φτροαυν απ, eee om iy σφευπιρανηνα 


220 THE ILIAD. ΙΧ. 


¢¢ 


€¢ 


[41 


ςς 


Thou didst entreat; nay, more, dost still possess 

His valued gift. Yet let us even now 118 

Consider well the means, or by soft words 

Or soothing gifts to bend his mighty mind.” 

To whom Atrides: “ Venerable man, 

True are thy words, I own thy just rebuke ; 

I greatly err'd indeed. Experience shows 120 

This truth, that he whom Jove’s protecting care 

Attends, superior proves to armed hosts : 

Achilles triumphs in our just defeat. 

But since I thus have err’d, yielding the reins 

To wayward passion and ill-boding wrath; 125 

Yet would I fain assuage, fain sooth his mind, 

If gifts can win him, or concessions move. 

First then, and witness all who hear my words! 

Seven tripods new, ten talents of pure gold, 

And twenty burnish’d vases: add to these 130 

Twelve coursers swift, and of superior breed, 

First in the race; rich were indeed that man 

Who own’d the prizes which their speed hath 
<¢ won. 

Seven Lesbian captives, skill’d in various arts, 

Of form divine, for matchless beauty fam’d, 135 

I freely give: when to his conqu’ring arms 


Lesbos submitted, I selected them. 


IX. THE ILIAD. 


‘ To these I add Briseis; and declare 


(Heav'n be my witness!) spotless from my hands, 
And pure, I do restore the captive maid. 140 


These I at present give; and should the gods 


‘* Grant we destroy proud Ilium’s lofty tow’rs, 


Let him with gold and brass his vessels store, 


And share the spoils: he first of all shall choose 


Of captive Trojans, beautiful in form, 145 


Twenty fair virgins,—Helen’s charms alone 
May claim superior note ;—and when return’d 
To Argos, to our country, as a son, 

My only son, in affluence bred and ease, 
As lov’d Orestes will I honour him. 

And further, of my daughters nurtur’d well 
In Argos he shall choose ; Chrysothemis, 
[phianassa, or Laodice ; 

And lead to Pylos his selected bride. 
Great shall her dowry be ; yea, greater far 
Than ever dowry was. Cardamyle 

Shall own his pow’r, him Enope obey, 


Hira’s rich meads, and Phere’s fertile soil : 
5 9 


' Antheia fair, Aipeia’s lofty site, 


And Peedasus, for vineyards far renown’d : 
To Pylos these extend, and skirt the main: 161 


Cities in treasures rich, in flocks and herds 


i sa spay gl 
a uti sesclaeilaa anil 


gn 


222 THE ILIAD. 


Abundant, populous; where ample gifts 


From grateful citizens shall heap his stores, 


Just tribute pay, and own his sov reign pow'r, 165 


All these I give if he but cease from wrath : 
Heav’n grant he may relent! Pluto alone 
Knows no remorse, no pity; therefore deem’d 
By men, of all the gods most worthy hate. 
Yet must he own my right to bear command ; 
‘ From age, from station 1 obedience claim.” 17] 
Nestor replied: “ Atrides, potent king, 
Worthy a monarch are such noble gifts 
Or to receive. or give. Select we then, 
And to Achilles send in embassy, 175 
Such chiefs as I shall name: let Pheenix first, 
Belov'd of Jove, and Ajax, mighty chief, 
And wise Ulysses, to his tent repair. 
Let Hodius and Eurybates attend, 
Qur faithful heralds; and lustration made, 180 
Raise we to heay’n the prayx: May Jove himself 
‘ Take pity on.our woes, and grant success!” 
Thus Nestor spake,.and all approv d his words. 
And now the. heralds for ‘lustration bring 
Pure water, and-from goblets crown’d with wine 185 
The youths libations pour: each chief partakes 


In order; and when satisfied the soul, 


IX. THE ILIAD. 


Forth from Atrides’ tent pursues his way. 

Still as they went. sage Nestor interpos’d 

With prudent counsel, and again repeats 190 
The important mission, and with caution arms 

To sooth Achilles, and his ire subdue, 

Now by the sounding shore and boist’rous main 
They took their way, and oft address’d their pray’r 
To Nepture, and invok’d his pow’rful aid 195 
To soften, to persuade Achilles’ mind, 

Now came they where the Myrmidons encamp'd : 
Just then the hero touch’d his silver harp 

Of workmanship divine, the spoil of war 

Won from Eetion, and sang the deeds 200 
Of ancient times, and chiefs renown’d of yore, 
Soothing his soul with sweetest minstrelsy. 

Near him Patroclus sat; attention held 

Him silent, waiting till Achilles ceas’d. 

Ulysses ent’red first, and near approach’d, 205 
Yet unobserv’d; when, starting from his seat, 
Achilles rose: still im his hand the harp 
Resounded: with ‘him rose Mancetius’ som: 

With friendly greeting thus Achilles spoke : 

“« [hlustrious chief, whom much my ‘soul esteems 

“ And loves, though greatly injur'ds; ‘say, my 


“ friends, 211 


Rice Sh SAE age ahaa NEES τς 


224 THE ILIAD. Ix. 


“ What pressing need hath brought you to my 
“ tent?” 

Thus saying, to the seats with tap’stry cloth’d 
Of purple dye he led the Grecian chiefs, 
And to Patroclus thus: “ A larger cup, 215 
“ And with more gen’rous wine, O friend, pre- 

** pare 

“ For noble guests whom I respect as these.” 

He said; nor did Patroclus disobey. 
A larger cauldron on the fire he plac’d, 
And fill’d with choicest viands both of sheep 220 
And goats, and of a swine the chine entire: 
Automedon assisted ; but the chief, 
Each sev'ral part dividing, for the spits 
Himself prepar’d: the fire, Patroclus’ charge, 
First blaz’d with vehemence; but when subdued, 
He spread the glowing embers all abroad, 226 
And o’er them plac’d the joints, and sprinkled all 
With sacred salt, and roasted them with skill. 
Patroclus heap’d the canister with bread ; 
Achilles carv'd: in front Ulysses sat : 
Patroclus, as enjoin’d, the sacrifice 
Perform’d, and in the fire rich off rings threw. 
Then all partook the feast. To Phoenix now 


Ajax the signal gave; not unperceiv’d 


ΙΧ. THE ILIAD. 


By wise Ulysses, who the goblet fill’d, 
And to Achilles thus his speech address’d : 
* Achilles, hail! nor here, nor at the tent 
Of Atreus’ son, if feasts our notice claim, 
‘ Are feasts deficient; but far other cares 
Our thoughts engage, far other fears oppress. 240 
Whether our ships or perish or escape, 
On thee depends ; thy arm alone can save. 
Near to our fleet the Trojans are encamp’d, 
‘ And at our wall collected numbers watch, 


And light the frequent fires ; prepar’d at dawn 


I'o storm our weak defence, and burn our ships. 


Saturnian Jove himself their cause asserts, 

“ Thund’ring from heav’n propitious: Hector near. 
Inspir’d, and glorying in his might, nor men 
Nor deities regards, but waits the morn 250 
Impatient, when, with tenfold fury arm’d, 


He will (for such his threats) hew from our ships 


[heir prows to flames consign’d, and in the 


“ smoke 


Confus’d and routed, slay the Grecian host. 

‘ And much indeed I fear lest Jove perform 255 
His threats; and fate ordain that we must fall 
On yonder plain, from Argos far remov’d. 

* Arise, though late, protect our wearied troops 


ῳ 


lr Eg BENE τος ρος lm τωι ς ὦ 


THE ILIAD. 


From the wild tumult of our daring foes. 

How wilt thou grieve hereafter, how lament, 

When mischief done no remedy admits! 

Consider then before, and lend thy aid. 

O friend! permit that I repeat the words 

Of Peleus, thy lov'd father, on that day 

When he from Phthia to Atrides sent 

Thy early youth:—‘ Remember, O my son! 

‘Pallas and Juno courage may inspire, 

‘If such their pleasure; but do thou control 

'*Thy mighty mind, for gentleness becomes: 

‘Cease from contention, ever source of ill 270 

ς ©'To miserable man; so shalt thou reap 

‘From old and young both honour and renown.’ 

Thus spake thy father, words forgotten now. 

O then dismiss thy wrath! now, now dismiss. 

Great gifts, whilst I relate with patience hear, 

Atrides gives, worthy himself and thee. 

Seven tripods new; ten talents of pure gold, 

And twenty burnish’d vases: add to these, 

T'welve coursers swift, and of superior breed, 

First in the race: rich were indeed that man 280 

Who own’d the prizes which their speed hath 
6 won. 


Seven Lesbian captives skill’d in various arts, 


ré, THE ILIAD. 


Of form divine, for matchless beauty fam’d, 
He freely gives; when to thy conqu’ring arms 


Lesbos submitted, he selected them - 85 


‘ To these he adds Briseis, and declares 


(Heav’n is his witness), spotless from his hand, 

And pure, he doth restore the captive maid. 

These he at present gives; and should the vods 

Grant we destroy proud Ilium’s lofty tow'rs, 290 

You shall with gold and brass your vessels store, 

And share the richest spoils. You first shall 
* choose 

lwenty fair virgins,—Helen’s charms alone 

May claim superior note,—and when return’d 

l'o Argos, to our country, as a son, 95 

His only son, in affluence bred and ease, 

As lov’d Orestes will he honour thee: 


And of his daughters, nurtur’d all with care 


In Argos, thou shalt choose,—Chrysothemis, 


Iphianassa, or Laodice: 

And lead to Pylos the selected bride. 
Great shall her dowry be; yea, greater far 
Than ever dowry was :—Cardamyle 

Shall own thy power, thee Enope obey, 
Hyra’s rich meads, and Phere’s fertile soil ; 
Anthea fair, AEpea’s lofty site, 


6 2 


i eee ee +e 
= - eri 
a i A hi a i ΟΝ 


THE ILIAD. 


And Pedasus for vineyards far renown’d : 

To Pylos these extend, and skirt the main: 

‘ Seven cities populous, in treasures rich, 

In flocks and herds abundant, where large gifts 

From grateful citizens shall heap thy stores, 311 

Just tribute give, and own thy sov’reign sway. 

All these he gives if thou but cease from wrath. 

‘ Should he with all his gifts still hateful prove, 

Yet to thy country, to afflicted Greece 315 

Compassion show ; for honour’d as a god, 

And by their means with endless glory crown’d, 

‘ Thou in their hearts shalt reign. Now mayst 
“ thou slay 

Hector, whom hasty and impetuous rage 

Will bring within thy grasp; for well he deems 

No Grecian can in arms contend with him.” 321 

Achilles thus replied: ‘ Me it behoves, 

O wise Ulysses! for in counsel thou 

Dost bear pre-eminence, freely to. speak 

‘ The dictates of a plain and honest mind, 

(For as the gates of hell my soul abhors 

That man who basely doth his mind conceal, 

While as his tongue a different language holds,) 

Lest various censure blame my fixt resolve, 


γε . - ie Y woalre 
Which nor Atrides nor th’ assembled Greeks 


THE ILIAD. 


Shall move me to rescind; for well I know 
My constant toils in war no thanks receive - 
With equal gifts, with equal honours crown’d, 
Alike esteem’d the coward and the brave, 

Or dare the combat, or ignobly fly. 


Nor aught to me remains but fruitless toils 


* And constant danger in the doubtful field. 


As the fond parent bird’s unceasing care 
Supplies her young with food, herself the while 
With hunger prest; thus I whole sleepless 
“ nights 340 
And tedious days in tented fields have pass'd 


For Grecian matrons in Atrides’ cause. 


' Twelve cities with my ships I have destroy’d, 


‘ Eleven with my troops, whose ample spoils 


I to Atrides gave. These he retains, 345 
Dividing to each chief, with sparing hand, 

His small reward. From me, and me alone, 
Who won them, he reclaims my valued prize. 
Let him then have her. Say, what cause did 


ΠῚ 


urge 


‘ This war? or why did Atreus’ sons collect 350 


‘ Their num’rous forces, but for Helen’s sake ? 


Of all mankind do Atreus’ sons alone 


Their wives esteem and love? the wise and good 


230 THE ILIAD. 


In ev'ry nation love them: though in war 

Obtain’d, I lov’d her from my very soul. 355 

By fraud he took her, and by violence ; 

Let him not think he may deceive again: 

That may not be. With his assembled chiefs, 

With thee, Ulysses, let him best defend 

His vessels from the’ flames ; he wants not me 360 

Or to erect the wall, or dig the fosse 

Wide for defence : yet dare he not withstand 

The mighty foe, Whilst on these plains | 
“ fought, 

Hector once only dar’d without the walls 

And Scean gate to tempt the doubtful war, 365 

And scar¢ée with life escapd. But since no more 

With him ] wage stern war; at early dawn, 

Due sacrifice to heav’nly pow’rs first made, 

Thou shalt behold, if such thy pleasure be, 

My num’rous vessels plough the Helle spont, 370 

‘ Their crews prepar'd to ply the cumbrous oar. 

Should Neptune send a favourable gale, 


‘ Three days shall land us safe on Phthia’s shores: 


There riches wait me, gold and sculptur'd brass, 


There captive females whom my sword hath won, 
‘ And iron, or at Phthia left, or βίου ἃ 370 


Now in my ships, my portion that remains. 


THE ILIAD. 


But the most valued gift Atrides gave 

His insolence reclaim'd. Plainly declare 

What 1 thus plainly speak, that all may hear, 

If yet to others he intend deceit: 381 
Insolent ever as he is withal, 

Yet dare he not once look me in the face. 

I will nor counsel give, nor aid his arms: 

He hath offended, hath deceiv’d me once: 385 
I trust him not again: no; let him die, 

By Jove forsaken, and of sense bereft. 

Himself, his gifts I value not ; they are 

Most odious to me: no; if he would clve 
Tenfold, and double that, I would not hear; 390 
Nor what Orchomenos, or the rich spoils 
‘Egyptian Thebes with all her hundred gates 
Contains; so vast that, rank’d in loose array, 
Horsemen and foot two hundred march with ease. 
Were all his gifts as num’rous as the sand, 395 
Or dust of the earth, he never should prevail 
Till all my great revenge were satisfied. 

His daughter! no: were she like Venus fair, 

As Pallas skill’d, I would not marry her. 

Let him amongst the Greeks some other choose, 
More suited to her state and dignity. 401 


If the gods grant me safely to return, 


232 THE ILIAD. Ix. 


Peleus will guide my choice: a numerous race 
Hellas and Phthia boast for beauty fam’d, 
Daughters of potent chiefs ; there will I choose; 
For much my soul in wedlock’s sacred bands 406 
Doth long those treasures to enjoy in ease, 
Which my fond father hath with care amass'd. 
Better is life, than to possess the spoils 

Which Troy contain’d within her ample walls,410 
Ere yet the Greeks arriv’d; or what the shrine 
Of Phebus may in rocky Python boast. 

By plunder herds and flocks may be obtain’d, 
The polish’d tripod, or the generous steed: 

The soul of man once fled knows no return, 415 
Is not, and cannot be within our grasp. 

For oft my parent goddess did unfold 

The future, and forewarn’d me, that of life 

A two-fold web for me the Fates had spun. 
Should I still war with Troy, for ever lost 420 
Is my return, but endless is my fame ; 


* But should I to my native land return, 


My fame is gone, yet length’ned are my days, 


Distant my death. I therefore would persuade 
Return to all; for never shall they find 425 
Their labour ended by yon cities’ fall. 


Great Jove himself with his protecting hand 


IX. THE ILIAD. 


Defends her walls, and animates her host. 

Go then, and to the Grecian chiefs relate 

What I have plainly said: let them devise 430 

Some other means, such as maturer age 

And wisdom may suggest to save their fleet, 

And to protect their troops, since this hath fail'd. 

Vain thought! that I should cease to breathe re- 
“ venge. 


Let Phoenix rest within our tent this night, 435 


‘ That he to-morrow may with us return, 


If such his pleasure, to our native land, 
To Phthia: my request no force implies.” 


He ended: admiration held them mute, 


So firmly he refus’'d. At length uprose 


Pheenix, of age rever’d: the frequent tear 


His cheek bedew’d, for great indeed his orief ; 


Deep sighing thus he spake: “ If to return, 


ὡς 


+> 


Illustrious chief, be then thy fixt intent, 

Nor wilt thou save our ships from hostile flames, 
Nor cease thy anger; how can I, myson, 446 
Bereft of thee remain? I, to whose care 

The venerable Peleus erst consign’d 

Thy early youth, and to Atrides sent 

From Phthia, yet unus’d to deeds of war; 


And in debate where men illustrious shine, 


234 THE ILIAD. 


ςς 


ςς 


All-inexperienc’d: mine the pleasing task 

In council to instruct thy tender mind, 

And teach thee deeds of valorous emprise. 

My son, I never can consent to stay, 455 
Shouldst thou depart ; no, not if Jove himself 
Should age remove, and make me young again, 
As when [ first, to shun my father’s rage, 

Left Hellas fam’d for beauty. He, ensnar’d 

By meretricious charms, forgot his vows 460 
Connubial, and disgrac’d the marriage bed. 

My injur'd mother oft entreated me 

To disappoint his hopes, and thwart his views, 
And tender youthful love: her I obey’d. 

Which when my father knew, enrag’d at heart 


With dreadful imprecations he invok’d 466 
| 


‘ Th’ avenging deities, that never son 


From me descended might his knees embrace: 
So Pluto will'd, and dread Persephone. 

ΠῚ could my mind support parental wrath, 470 
Or bear beneath his hated roof to dwell, 

Though friends and kindred all entreated me. 
Nowthrough the spacious hall from flocksand herds 
The festive boards were spread, and ample feasts 
Nine days were held, and goblets crown’d with 


‘ wine: 


IX. THE ILIAD. 35 


Each night strict guard) was at my chamber 
 plac’d, 

And fires were lighted at my very door. 

When the tenth night appear'd I burst the bars, 

O’erleap’d the walls; and favourd by the night, 


With ease escap'd the guard. Far off I fled 480 


‘ Through spacious Hellas, and to Phthia came 


For fertile pastures fam’d, and num’rous flocks. 
To Peleus, who with favour me receiv’d : 

And lov’d me as a father loves his son, 

Child of his age, and heir of all his wealth. 485 
Possessions great he gave near the utmost bounds 
Of fertile Phthia, where the Dolopes 

Inhabit: there I watch’d thy tender years, 

And nurtur’d thee, and made thee what thou art, 
O godlike man! and lov’d thee from my soul. 490 
Nor wouldst thou to the feast without me 20, 
Nor take but from my hand the accustom’d food, 
When wayward humour oft in early youth 
Return’d with loathing what my fondness gave. 
Much have I saff’red with thee, much endur'd. 
With this fond hope, that since to me denied 
(Such Fates decree) the blessing of a child: 


| by adoption might obtain a son 


The comfort, the protector of my age. 


THE ILIAD, 
O then, Achilles! check thy mighty mind ; 
To be implacable but ill becomes. 
The heav'nly pow’rs, in virtue greater far, 
In honour and in strength, are merciful ; 
For men by pray’rs and sacrifices meet, 
Avert that punishment their crimes deserve. 5035 
Pray’rs are the daughters of all-pow’rful Jove, 
Wrinkled and blind, and impotent of feet ; 
These follow where Injustice runs before : 
‘ Fierce, unrestrain’d, she ranges oer the earth 
With desolating hand: then follow Pray’rs, 510 
Steady though slow, with healing influence ; 
Who listens their advice they kindly aid, 
Heal all his woes, and grant his just request : 
But who with scorn their proffred boon rejects, 
‘ They Jove entreat, that, as due punishment, 515 
Injustice ever may his steps pursue. 
My son, with honour due their voice attend 
Forgiveness to the brave alone belongs. 
Did not Atrides offer various gifts : 
Did he still bear thee hate implacable, 20 
I should not urge thee to forget thy wrongs, 


And succour Greece, though in her utmost need. 


‘ Great are his offers, large his promis’d gifts 


‘ Now tend’red by thy friends, the bravest chiefs 


IX. THE ILIAD. 


Whom Grecia boasts of all her warlike bands; 

Reject them not, though just thy former rage ; 

Nor treat them with contempt. ‘Thus fame re- 
** ports 

Heroes in ancient time their rage control’d, 

Softned by gifts, or sooth’d by gentle words. 

Well I remember, and to you, my friends, 530 


The fact I will relate of former days. 


‘ The A€tolians and Curetes were engag’d 


In bloody warfare by the lofty walls 

Of Calydon ; these to defend the town, 
Those to destroy intent. Neglected rites 
Incens’d Diana; hence the contest rose: 


(Eneus to all the deities had paid 


“ Just honours but to her, in due return 


For the rich harvest and productive year, 


Or through neglect or inattention. 540 


‘ The indignant goddess, to revenge her wrongs, 


Sent a huge monster of enormous size 

To desolate the Calydonian plains 

And (neus’ fertile fields: the savage boar 
Whole trees uprooting, levell’d to the ground 545 
Pomona’s richest produce. When the son 


Of Géneus, with collected force of dogs 


‘* And men from various cities, skill’d to chase 


238 THE ILIAD. 1X. 


. 


e 
2 


The fiercest monsters, slew this wondrous beast, 
So vast that numbers fell beneath his forre. 550 
Then rose contention, so Diana will’d, 

Who should possess the bristly monster’s spoil. 
Scarce at the walls, whilst Meleager fought, 


The fierce Curetes dar'd the contest try, 


* Though numerous their forces; but when rage 


Inflam’d his breast, (the wisest often feel 556 
Its power,) he with his mother much incens'd 
Retir’d, and with his wife sequest’red liv’d, 

With Cleopatra, from Marpissa sprung, 


And Ida, bravest deem’d of mortal race, 560 


Who seiz’d his bow, and dar'd the god of day 


‘ To the dread contest for the beauteous nymph. 


(Her the fond parents call’d Alcyone, 

Wept by her mother, for her fate the same 

As erst Alcyone’s, to Phoebus’ love 565 
A prey.) With her retir'd he cherish’d rage, 
Indignant that Althea should invoke 

The deities with imprecations dire. 

She for her brother’s death opprest with grief, 
Striking the ground, invok’d the infernal pow’rs, 
Pluto and dread Persephone, with tears 
Kneeling, that they would instant slay her son. 


Alecto heard, implacable of heart. 


IX. THE ILIAD. 239 


From the dark deep abyss of Erebus: 

Then quickly at the gates wild tumult rose, 575 

And madd@ning uproar. Him the aged sires 

Entreated ; him the venerable priests 

Of blameless life, to save them from the foe, 

With proffers large, where Calydonian fields 

And fertile plains extend ; in vineyards these 580 

Excelling, those for richest pasture fam’d ; 

Full fifty acres was the promis’d boon. 

The venerable CEneus suppliant came, 

Embrac’d his knees, and urg’d his suit with tears: 

His sisters and his mother sued in vain; 585 

He still with persevering rage refus’d: 

Much his lowd friends, companions of his youth, 

Entreated, nor could bend his haughty mind. 

When now loud shouts announc’d the foe’s ap- 
43 proach, 

And bick’ring flames arose: with piercing cries 

His supplicating wife, of form divine, 591 

Unfolds the tale of misery and woe, 

When captur’d cities feel the conqu'ror’s rage, 

Murder and rapine, and devouring fire; 

Children and parents captive, or a prey 

To lawless force. Mov’'d by her woful plaint, 


Sudden he rose in arms, repuls’d the foe, 


240 THE ILIAD. 


And sav'd his country ; whose ingratitude 
Refus’d the promis’d boon ; yet still he say’d. 
Then be not thou, my son, implacable, 600 
Nor yield thee to the spirit of revenge 
Till flames consume our ships: accept our gifts ; 
Arm, arm, and save; be honour’d as a god : 
Should you without the gifts in war engage, 
‘ Your honour will be less, though check’d the 
“ foe.” 05 
When thus Achilles: “ Venerable chief, 
Phoenix, of age rever'd, I covet not 


Such honour; not from man, from Jove alone 


** I seek immortal honour: his command, 


To which I bend submissive, at the ships 610 

Detains me; and perchance will yet detain, 

Whilst strength and life shall animate these 
“ limbs. 

Yet I must add, and your attention claim 

“ To my request, that you molest me not 

With sighs and sorrows in Atrides’ cause: 615 

To like whom I detest becomes thee not, 

' Lest loving thee my love be turn’d to hate: 

Yea, rather thou shouldst all my wrongs revenge, 

‘* And share my kingdom, and my honour share. 


Let these our answer bear; do thou, my friend, 


ΙΧ, THE ILIAD. 


“ Rest here: to-morrow we will consult hold 


‘* Whether is best or to return or stay,” 


He spake; and to Patroclus signal gave 


A warmer couch for Phoenix to prepare, 


When from his tent the chieftains should retire. 625 


But Ajax thus, impatient of delay ; 

O wise Ulysses, brave Laertes’ son, 

Let us begone ; vain our entreaties all, 

And fruitless our attempt; yet to the Greeks, 
Who now in earnest expectation wait, 630 
We must his answer bear, though most unkind, 
Achilles still doth cherish dire revenge, 
Neglectful of those friends who honour him ; 
Implacable, obdurate! Yet do men, 

For brothers murd’red, or for sons destroy’d, 635 
(Due satisfaction and atonemént made, ) 

Forgive the dreadful deed ; the fine receiy’d 
Acquits the debt of hatred and revenge ; 


The offender lives secure. But in your heart 


Remorseless, dire revenge and hatred reign 640 


All uncontrol’d; and that, so Fates decree, 


For fair Briseis, and for her alone. 


* Seven fair as she, and gifts of costly price 


We offer thee besides. Be courteous then, 
We are thy guests, and claim the honour due 


R 


cise Dae it: Bot 2g aE ae a ge 


aan Ps eS 


; 
ς Ξρρ  υτὰ Fone betaine 
' eel oP iy Shes = 
Sa A iii ar ΡΘΕ Ὸ: τε - τας - 


542 THE ILIAD. 


‘ To all beneath thy roof; and make our boast, 
Amongst the numerous chiefs our host contains, 
To honour and respect thee most of all.” 
Achilles thus replied: “ Illustrious chief, 

Ajax, you speak the dictates of your mind; 650 
But my heart boils with rage whene’er I think 
Of him who hath disgrac’d and rend’red vile 

My name, as some base knave of meaner sort. 
You then our answer bear: War, glorious war, 
Concerns not me, till Priam’s haughty son, 655 
Great Hector, at my tents and ships shall wage 
Disastrous war, and fire the Grecian fleet ; 

Then will I check him in his bold career.” 

He ended: when each chief libation pour’d, 

And to the ships Ulysses led the way. 660 
Meantime the servants at Achillés’ tent 

For Pheenix’ rev’rend age prepar’d the couch, 

Warm and indulgent, as became his years, 

With linen spread and skins of softest wool. 

There he till morning in soft sleep repos’d. 665 
Achilles now retir’d within his tent 

Of curious workmanship; but not alone, 

Fair Diomede, partner of his bed, 

Daughter of Lesbian Phorbas, sooth’d his cares: 


Near him Patroclus slept, whom Iphis fair, 670 


IX. THE ILIAD. 243 


From Scyron captur'd, with attendance grac’d; 
Achilles won, Achillés gave the prize. 

And now the embassy approach’d the tent 
Of Agamemnon : rising from their seats 
The.Grecian chiefs, assembled, them receiv'd 675 
With friendly omen, and libations pour’d 
From golden cups; when thus Atrides spake : 
“* Ulysses, great in’ wisdom as in arms, 


“ Pride of our host, say, doth Achilles save 


“ Our ships from hostile flames; or doth fell rage 
To our request a stern denial give2” 681 
Ulysses thus replied: Illustrious king, 
‘ His anger unabated still remains, 
Yea, rather doth increase: thy gifts he spurns 
With indignation,—bids thee counsel well 
With other chiefs how best thou mayst secure 
Thy ships and host from the victorious foe : 
‘ And for himself, he threatens at:the dawn 
Of day to launch his vessels in the deep, 
‘ And others to persuade that they return 690 


‘ Through the wide waters to their native home ; 


‘ For that thou canst not humble lofty Troy, 


Which Jove himself with his protecting hand 
Secures, and animates their host in fight. 
Such were his words: Ajax, Eurybates, 695 


R 2 


244 THE ILIAD. ΙΧ. 


“ And Hodius, bear me witness, for they heard: 
‘ Phoenix remaineth at Achilles’ tent, 

“ That he to-morrow, if his pleasure be, 

“ To Phthia may return; yet free to choose.” 

He spake: deep silence held them mute awhile, 
In admiration of his firm reply. 70] 
At length Tydides thus the chiefs address’d : 

“ T could have wish’d, indeed, O potent king! 

Thou hadst not been a suitor to his pride, 

Which thy great offers serve but to increase. 705 

‘ No more of him; let him or go or stay, 

As Jove, or his own wayward mind shall urge. 

Be this then my advice: retire we now, 

After refreshment meet, and take repose, 

For both our toils demand; and when the morn 
“ With orient splendour rise, before our ships 711 

In dread array let horse and foot advance, 

Thyself the pride and leader of our host.” 

He spake: the chiefs with one consent approv’d, 
Admiring much Tydides’ manly speech ; 715 
And due libations made, each to his tent 


Retiring, sought the gift of soothing sleep. 


THE ILIAD. 


Sener 


ΠΟΘ es. 


Au night before their ships thé Grecian chiefs, 

With toils fordone, partook the gift of sleep. 

Not so Atrides; him nor grateful rest 

Nor soothing sleep possess’'d, with anxious care 

Tost, and perplexing thoughts, As when great 
Jove 5 

Thunders portentous, and prepares his storm, 

Or rain or pelting hail, or driving snow; 

Or bids dread War upraise his brazen throat : 

So ραν ἃ Atrides’ breast with frequent sighs 
Bursting, so terrror all his soul possess’d. 10 
And now the Trojan plains and numerous fires 
He view'd, and heard their loud tumultuous shouts, 

Whilst martial music victory proclaim’d: : 
Now turning to his ships and vanquish'd host 

His aching thought, sorrows still deeper flow’d, 15 
Whilst anguish tore the honours of his head, 

A sacrifice to heav’n’s offended King : 


At length, resolv’d to seek the Pylian sage, 


246 THE ILIAD. 


Nestor, if haply he might well advise 

Some medicine to heal a nation’s woes, 
Sudden he rose, and o’er his manly chest 
The tunic cast; the sandal grac’d his feet ; 
And from his shoulder hung the tawny spoil 


Of the huge lion reaching to the ground ; 


. ΓῚ ᾿ 
And in his hand ἃ massy spear he bore. 


Nor, Menelaus, did thy heart conceive 
Less terror and affright, dread foes to sleep, 
Lest Grecia perish in thy hapless cause : 
Thou for whose sake they cross’d the dang’rous 
main, 
To wage disastrous war, and combat Troy. 30 
A leopard’s hide with spots of varied hue 
The hero's shoulders grac’d, and o’er his brow 
The brazen helmet glitt’red; in his hand 
A spear he brandish’d; and with hasty step 
His brother sought to waken, whom in powr 90 
The Greeks esteem’d and honour’d as a god. 
Him at his vessel’s stern the hero found 
Arming in haste, who seeing him rejoic’d ; 
When Menelaus thus: “ Brother τόνου ἃ, 
“ Why early thus in arms? Is it to send 40 
Some spy to yonder camp? But who shall dare 


“ The perilous emprise? To venture forth 


THE ILIAD. 


Singly, and through the silent night explore 
The foe, superior courage doth demand.” 

When thus Atrides: “ Brother much belov’d, 45 
Our great distress calls for mature advice 

And prudent counsel to protect our fleet 


And save our host, since Jove doth adverse prove; 


‘* Since he to Trojan sacrifice inclines 


Propitious: for such deeds eye Wath not seen, 50 

Nor hath ear heard, as singly and alone 

Hector performs: though sprung from mortal 
‘* race, 

Long shall Greece rue his desolating arm. 


Haste then; let Ajax and Idomeneus 


‘ Assemble at our ships : to Nestor’s tent 


I now repair, that he inspect our posts, 

And give due orders; in his warlike son 
That trust I have repos'd: Meriones 

And Nestor’s son our ships and army guard.” 
When Menelaus: “ Let me understand 


Your order truly, brother: shall I here 


‘ Return to you again, or with them wait 


Your coming ?” Agamemnon thus replied : 


‘* Expect me there; for numberless the paths 


‘ That through our army lead, and we may miss 


‘ Each other: speak, exhort, in gentle terms 66 


he ROS i i as 


248 THE ILIAD. 


““ Conciliate favour, giving honour due ; 
“ς Entreating all by country, parents, friends : 
“ Ourselves must labour first, so Jove decreed, 
“ Who gave us sorrow when he gave us birth.” 
Thus saying he dismiss’d him; then in haste 
To Nestor’s tent Atrides bent his way. 
Him still indulging rest, the monarch found 
On his soft bed réclin’d; his armour near, 
The shield and spear, and glitt'ring helmet lay, 75 
And belt of various work, which wont to grace 
The aged warrior through the ranks of war, 
Unclaim’d the privilege of age and years. 
He rising quickly thus the king address’d : 
“ Who thus alone, amidst the shades of night, 80 
** Dares venture through our camp whilst others 
** sleep? 
Seek’st thou the nightly watch, or some lost 
“ friend 9 
“ Whence, and what art thou? Speak, or come 
‘** not near.” 
When thus Atrides: “ Venerable chief, 
Pride and support of all the Grecian host, 
Nestor, thy king Atrides, worn with care, 
With grief opprest (so mighty Jove decrees 


Unceasing grief whilst strength and life remain), 


% THE ILIAD. 249 


“ Thou mayst acknowledge here: alone I stray, 

“ For no sweet sleep will weigh these eyelids down; 

“ But war's alarms, and all my country’s cares 90 
And miseries, afflict my sinking heart, 
Bursting with woes unutterably great. 
If aught thou canst suggest (for thee sweet sleep 
Alike forsakes), attend me to the guard, 95 
The nightly watch, lest weary with fatigue, 
With sleep o’erpow’r'd, their duty they neglect : 
Close at our camp the daring foe remains, 

' And aided by the darkness of the night, 

Perchance may dare to storm our weak defence.” 
To whom the Pylian sage: “O mighty king 100 


Atrides! Jove, I deem, will ne’er perform 


What Hector meditates; what sanguine hope, 


Flush’d with success, may lead him to expect. 
Whate’er thy griefs, him sorer ills await, 105 
And more severe distress, when from his wrath 
Achilles ceaseth. Lead then, I attend 
Thy pleasure. Let Tydides mighty chief, 
‘ And wise Ulysses lend their prudent aid ; 
And Ajax swift of foot, and Phyleus’'son, 110 
' Though distant far their tents on either side ; 
And let some messenger great Ajax call, 


And brave Idomeneus. Yet must I blame, 


: AE Noe Se “ 
set bia her tenets worse i! 3 
Nt pore eee 


250 THE ILIAD. X. 


‘ Nor let my words displease thee, one much lov’'d, 
‘* Your brother, and much honour’d by us all; 115 
‘ Who whilst you labour gives himself to rest, 
Whom most it doth concern; who should exert 
‘ His utmost energy and earnest pray’r 
For aid in this our strong necessity.” 
* Your censure he deserves,” the king replied, 
As seeming negligent; yet it proceeds 121 
Nor from base sloth nor want of better sense: 
‘ But from respect and deference to me, 
He my example waits. Yet spare it now; 
He call’d me first, and is already gone 125 
‘ To those whom you have nam’d. Proceed we 
* then ; 
‘ The assembled chiefs expect us at the gate 
As I appointed: thither let us g0.” 
« Then none,” the venerable chief return’d, 
‘ May blame, or disobey his just request.” 130 
He spake; and o’er his chest the tunic brac’d, 
Bound on his sandals, and around him cast 
His mantle large and long, with warmest wool 
Lin’d, as became his age; then seiz’d his spear 
And hast’ned to the ships, and at the tent 135 
Of great Ulysses, fam’d for wisdom’s lore, 


Summon’d the chief: nor was the summons vain; 


x THE ILIAD. 


«ὅν, ὦ 


Ulysses heard his voice, and from his tent 


Awak’ning issued, and thus answer made: 


«© Why thus alone at such an hour as this? 140 
“ What urgent need conducts you through the 
“ camp?” 
Nestor replied: “ Ulysses brave as wise, 
« Be not displeas’d, we are in utmost need ; 
« Aid with thy counsel the assembled chiefs, 
““ For thou excellest, and maturely weigh 
« Whether we basely fly, or nobly fight.” 

He spake: Ulysses’o’er his shoulder cast 
His pond’rous shield, and follow’d with the chiefs, 
And to the tent of Diomed repair’d. 

Without the tent reposing him they found, 150 
His armour near ; ‘his friends around him slept, 
Their shields beneath their heads, their spears erect 
F'ixt in the ground: the polisht brass sent forth 
A radiant light: ‘Tydides self reclin’d, 

Slept on an ox’s hide of larger size, 155 
His bed; rich tapestry his head sustain’d. 

Him Nestor touch’d, and waking, thus reprov'd : 

“ Rise, son of Tydeus, rise; why through the night 

Thus sleep indulge? or hear’st thou not the foe, 

Scarce from our ships remov’d, prepare the fight?” 


Tydides heard, and, quickly rous’d from sleep, 


+ A AA il lang ec é 


952 THE ILIAD. X. 


The sage address’d: “Ο thou, whom néither toils 
“‘ Nor years subdue! let others call the chiefs, 
“-Who boast the strength of youth; be that their 
“ task, 
Not thine, whose mind no respite will admit.” 165 
“ True are thy words,” the Pylian sage return’d, 
And just is thy remark ; for I have sons 
Of fairest fame, and subjects numerous, 
Who might this toil sustain: yet such our need, 
So urgent our distress, that or to live 170 
Or die, stands on the sharpest razor edge, 
And trembles on the balance. Spare my age, 
As well becomes thy youth, and call the chiefs 
Ajax and Phyleus’ son, who distant sleep.” 
He spake: Tydides o’er his shoulders threw 175 
A lion’s tawny hide of wondrous size, 
And brandishing his spear, in haste fulfill’d 
Nestor’s command, and to the trench repair’d. 
Now at the guard arriv'd, in strictest watch, 
All arm’d, the leaders of the trusty band 180 
They found. As dogs with difficulty save 
The folded flock, what time the mountain pard 
Descending rushes through the forest, him 
The shouts of hunters and the cry of dogs 


Pursue amain, and sleep is far away : 


Xx. THE ILIAD, 


So from their eyelids vanish’d gentle sleep, 

Watching through night’s dank shade; still to the 
plain 

Their every thought was bent, if heard perchance 

The noise of hostile tread. Nestor rejoic’d, 

And thus their care and vigilance approv'd: 100 

“ Thus ever watch, dear sons, nor once permit 
“ The approach of treach’rous sleep, lest we become 
“ An easy prey to our insulting foe.” 

This said, the trench he pass’d: the chiefs attend, 
By Agamemnon summon’d, and with them 195 
Meriones, and Nestor’s warlike son 
Antilochus ; for them the princes call’d. 

The trench they pass’d; and where unstain’d the 
ground 

With human gore, and free from sights of death, 

(For Hector there had staid his murd’rous hand 200 

Thinning theGrecian host, night stopp’d his course,) 

There the assembled chiefs in consult sat ; 

Whom Nestor thus address’d: “ Friends, country- 
** men, 


“< Is there who dares yon hostile camp approach, 


“ς ‘To seize, perchance, some wand’rer in the rear? 


“ If he their counsels and their schemes might 


“ learn, 206 


254 THE ILIAD. 


“ Whether they meditate return to Troy, 
“Οὐ wait the morn their vantage to pursue, 
“* Attack our weak’ned host, and burn our ships : 
“ If he might this intelligence obtain, 210 
And safe return, great were indeed his fame, 
And ample his reward: a sable ewe 
Each princely leader of our num’rous host 
Shall grateful send, and ‘at her side.a lamb 
Shall sportive play ; and at our festive board 215 
His the first honours and the foremost seat.” 
Thus Nestor spake: the chiefs in silence heard, 
Whom Diomed intrepid thus address’d : 
“ 1 will this task of danger undertake, 
“ Explore their camp, and learn the foes’ intent: 
“ But if some friend, companion of my toils, 221 
“ Courage inspiring and firm confidence, 
Might aid the bold attempt, second each thought 
“ Approving, it were well: oft when alone 
‘ Distrust unnerves, and doubts distract the soul.” 
He spake: with generous ardour fir'd, uprose 226 
Contending heroes, eager all to share 
The danger. Either Ajax great in arms, 
Meriones, and Nestor’s warlike son, 
And Menelaus skill'd to hurl the lance, 


And wise Ulysses, earnest to explore 


x. THE ILIAD. 255 


The Trojan camp, whose heart no fear appall’d ; 
When Agamemnon thus: “0 Tydeus’ son, 
* Illustrious Diomed! whom much my soul 
““ Esteems and honours, be this care thy own, 235 
“ Him to select whom most thy choice approves, 
For many in this noble contest strive : 
Nor let or favour or affection sway, 


Or move thee to select from rank or place, 


Or deference pay where. courage should decide.” 


Thus spake the king, much fearing lest his 

choice 241 
On Menelaus fall, whom most he lov'd. 

Tydides thus replied: “ If then to choose 

Whom most my soul approves be th y com- 
“ς mand, 

Can I forget Ulysses, or neglect 245 

Wisdom unequall’d, courage undismay’d 

In trials most severe; whom Pallas loves: 

With whom we might through hostile fires re- 
““ turn, 

So fertile in resource his active mind?” 

“ς Nor praise too much,” Ulysses quick replied, 

Nor censure, Diomed ; all present know 251 

To whom you speak, and can the truth discern : 


Haste, let us go: Night in her silent course 


256 THE ILIAD. 


** Is far advane'd; scarce now a third remains: 

“ And setting stars denote approaching morn,” 255 
Thus having said, each chief his arms prepar'd. 

To Diomed brave Thrasymedes gave 

A two-edg’d sword and shield, for at his tent 

His own the hero left; and on his head 

A leathern helmet plac’d, yet unadorn’d 260 

With crest or plume: such inexperienc’d youth 

Is wont to bear when early train’d to arms, 
Meriones to wise Ulysses gave 

His bow and quiver, and his glitt’ring sword, 

And arm’d his temples with a leathern casque 265 

Fast bound with thongs, the rim encircled round 

With a boar’s dread-inspiring teeth thick set 

On every side, and lin’d with softest wool. 

From Eleon, son of Ormenos, by fraud 

Autolycus this helmet whilom gain’d; 

He to Amphidamas the prize consign’d ; 

To Molus next the friendly token came, 

Thence to his son Meriones; from him 

Receiv'd, it circled round Ulysses’ brow. 
And now the heroes arm’d, with hasty step 275 

The council quitting, sought the distant plain. 

To them Minerva, token of her care, 


The bittern sent: through night’s dark shade unseen, 


x. THE ILIAD. 


Yet heard the omen of her sounding voice, 
The clangor of her wings: Ulysses quick 280 
Perceiv’d, and grateful pray’d: “ Daughter of Jove, 
“ ‘Whose aid in trials most severe I boast, 


“ O hear! and favour this our bold attempt : 


se 


Grant safe return, O goddess! and may Troy 


Long mourn the deeds thy wisdom shall inspire!” 
To her Tydides next his pray address'd: 286 
Hear also me, unconqu'red goddess, hear! 
And as at Thebes thou whilom didst protect 
‘ The father, aid the son. He at the banks 
“ΟΥ̓ ἃ Asopus left the Grecian camp, 290 
“ Ambassador of peace to lofty ‘Thebes; 
Whose treach’rous policy mild answer gave. 
‘ Returning, mighty deeds great ‘Tydeus wrought 
Aided by thee; so now thy succour srant, 
So guard the son: then shall a heifer grace 205 
Thy altar, yet unconscious of the yoke, 
Untam’d; whose horns are tipp’d with shining 
““ gold.” 
Minerva heard, and granted their request. 
And now they hasten through the shades of night 
AAs two fierce lions, over heaps of slain, 300 
And clotted gore, and arms distain’d with blood. 
Nor did brave Hector and the chiefs of Troy 


9 


τος Ἔδει hile nl 5" 
δι. σὲ σὺν Ὁ ge ἐπ 
δος... σο' ΡΜ ΎΜΜΕΜΕΙ eae 


258 THE ILIAD. 


Repose indulge ; whom at his tent convent 
Hector address’d: “ Who for a splendid gift 
«ς This hazardous emprise will undertake, 305 
Great his reward shall be; the glitt’ring car 
And fleetest coursers of the Grecian host. 
‘ These will I give to him who dare approach 
The Grecian ships, and learn what they design ; 
Whether as heretofore they guard their ships, 310 
Or by our arms subdued base flight prepare.” 
He ee deep silence through the couneil 
reign ἃ ; 
When Dolon, rich in gold and sculptur'd brass, 
(Son of Eumedes herald of the host, 315 
Whom five fair daughters grac'd, one only son 
Of form uncouth yet swift of foot,) uprose, 
And thus the chief bespoke: “ Mine be that task, 
‘* Hector; my courage urges me to dare 


7 ac 320 
' The hazardous attempt. I will approach 5 


27 may in- 
«“ Their ships, and learn what yet they may 1 


“ tend. 
But promise thou, and by thy aPDERE RWSH 
‘ The horses and the chariot shall be mine 
Which bear Achilles thund’ring o’er the plain. 
No useless spy inglorious ; through their camp 


320 


E’en to Atrides’ ship I will advance, 


x. THE ILIAD. 


“ Where the assembled chiefs in council sit, 
“ And learn their purpose ; or to fight or fly.” 

He spake: when Hector rais‘d his sceptred hand, 
And thus confirm’d by oath: “ Great Jove in heav'n 
“ Attest my words; no Trojan chief but thou 
** Alone shalt glory in that noble prize.” 

Thus Hector vainlyswore. Dolon meantime 
Encourag’d arm’d him : first the bended bow 
His shoulders grac’d; a white wolf's shaggy spoil 
Adorn’d his back; a helmet lin’d with fur 336 
His brow protected; in his hand a spear 
He grasp'd; and hast’ned to the Grecian fleet ; 

But never to return! so fate decreed. 

Quitting the Trojan camp, with eager step 
He urg’d his rapid way, but not unheard; 

When thus Ulysses Diomed bespoke : 

“ This fellow from the Trojan army comes, 


“A spy to learn our secret purposes, 


‘* By Hector hither sent, or to despoil 345 
The dead: then let him pass ere we pursue; 

So may we easily his flight arrest ; 

Or if too swift of foot, still to our ships 

Compel his course, and drive him far from Troy.” 
Thus saying, from the road they turn’d aside 350 
Stooping ; he quickly pass’d: when now advane’d 


s 2 


260 THE ILIAD. X, 


The distance which divides two labouring teams, 
When mules contending plough the fertile field; “ 
(Mules, which excel the slow and cumbrous:ox,) 
Then eager they pursued. He heard their steps 355 
And stopp’d, lest Hector might perchance ‘recall 
His embassy, or give some other:charge: 

But when, now distant scarce a jav'lin’s cast, 

The foe he knew, and with:redoubled. speed 

Urg’d his quick flight; so.quickly. they: pursu’d. 360 
As when two hounds accustom’d ‘to the chase; 
With unabating speed the trembling’ hind 

Or timid. hare pifrsue ; now through the wood 
They hold their course; her cries may nought avail: 
So these pursuing, to the Trojan camp 365 
And city, intercept his eager flight. 

Approaching now the ships, and near the guard, 
By Pallas aided Diomed advanced, 

Fearful lest other hands the honour claim; 

Pois’d high his lance, and Dolon thus bespoke: 370 
“ Stop ere this weapon fix thee to the ground ; 

“ Thou canst not now escape.” This said; the spear 
Pass’d o’er his shoulder,—so the chief design’d,— 


And in the ground deep fixt still quiv ring stood. 


He stopp’d, and trembled: terror shook his frame, 


Paleness his cheeks o’erspread.; his shaking yaws 


xy ‘FHE ILIAD. 261 


Resoundéd:' breathless with pursuit the chiefs 
Seize hinys ‘his falt’ring voice this pray'r address’d: 
“ Take me alive and I will ransom pay : 
' Gold, sculjptur’d brass, and iron, be the price 380 
Of me your captive, which m y wealthy sire 
' Will gladly givé (for ample are his stores), 
When known Ε at your ships alive remain.” 
ὺ . 
Ulysses thus replied::' “ ‘Fake courage then} 


Nor think of death; but speak; and'truly say, 385 


T 
W hy thus alone dost thou approach our ships 


“Ὁ ‘Fhrough: the thick shade. of night, when others 


* sleep? 
* Or com’st thou basely to despoil the dead ? 
Did Hector send thee to explore our fleet: 
Or thine own courage prompt thee to the deed?” 
Dolon all trembling answ’red: “ Mucli deceiv’d 


By promises of great reward to come, 


‘ The fiery coursers and the glitt’ring .car 


ee eee 
Of treat Pelides, which I vainly ask’d, 
Hector to me alone consenting gave ; 395 


For these through night's obscurity I roam, 


““ Approach your camp your purpose to detect ; 


ATL. 

Whether as heretofore you guard your ships, 

Or by. our arms' subdued base light prepare ; 
5 


Nor’set the watch, with care’ and labour spent.” 


262 THE ILIAD. 


With scornful smile Ulysses thus replied : 

Great was thy aim indeed, a noble prize; 

The coursers of Achilles! He alone 

Of mortal men their spirit can restrain 

And curb their fury, though of race divine 408 

And from a goddess sprung. Yet tell me true, 

Where in his camp great Hector didst thou leave? 

And where his armour, where his foaming steeds? 

What guard is set? what chiefs that guard at- 
* tend? 

Whiat their intent? or rest they on the plain, 410 

* Or flush’d with vict’ry back to Troy return ?” 

Eumedes’ son replied: “ True are my words, 

Nor shall you find me false. The assembled 
“ chiefs 

With Hector council hold at Ilus’ tomb, 

Far from the tumult of the campremov'd, 415 

And noise: no certain guard secures the camp: 

Yet do the Trojans wakeful by their fires 

Exhort each other, and the watch maintain. 

But their allies, from various regions brought, 

Sleep careless, and the guard to Trojans leave ; 

For distant are their wives and children far.” 420 

Ulysses answ’red: “ Do they sleep apart, 


a 


Or mingled with the Trojans? ‘Truly name 


x. ‘ THE ILIAD. 263 


a 


41 


({ 


Their station and their place.” Dolon replied : 
What you demand I truly will relate: 425 
Near to the sea, the Carians, Leleges, 


The Pzons and Pelasgians are encamp’d, 


‘ And Caucons; next by Thymbre’s wall are 


 plac’d 
The Lycians, Mysians, and the Phrygian horse, 
And fam’d Meonian troops. But why inquire 


Minutely thus each sev’ral circumstance 431 


Of Trojans, or allies? would you the camp 


‘ Explore? The Thracians on the utmost verge 


Newly arriv’d encamp; Rhesus their king, 

Son of Eioneus: I saw his steeds, 435 
In size, in beauty matchless; white as snow, 
Swift as the wind ; I saw his car, with gold 
Inlaid and silver, wondrous to my eyes ; 
His golden armour too, of work divine, 


Huge, massy, ponderous, for mortal man 440 


Unmeet, and suited to a god alone. 


‘ Send me then quickly to your ships, or bound 


With chains here leave me your return to wait; 


νυ» 7 > 
When you shall know and by experience prove 


The solemn truth of what I have reveal’d.” 445 


“ Talk not to me,” Tydides stern replied 


In angry mood; “ thou mayst not so escape 


sae τ ; oe ee ah 
δυο uti elie “τῆ ᾿ 
‘ Hi 


204 THE ILIAD. 


“ Our vengeful hands, whatever be thy words, 
“Οὐ true or false: shall we release thee then 
Unransom’d, unredeem’d, to be again 
Employ’d as now, a spy upon our camp 
‘. And ships; or to engage in open war, 
Or work some mischief to the Grecian host ?” 
He spake: the suppliant stood, and stretch’d his 
hand 
To,touch Tydides’ chin, and mercy claim: 455 
But the swift sword descending cut in twain 
The. nerves whilst yet he spake; his sever’d head 
And lifeless corpse lay mingled with the dust. 
And now his helmet and his bended. bow, 
The white wolf’s shaggy spoils, and missive spear, 
The heroes seize: Ulysses lifts in air, 400 
And thus to Pallas consecrates the prize: 
“* Accept propitious these and hear our pray’r, 
‘* Goddess! whom first and chief we supplicate ; 
* Aid our attempt, and to this Thracian guide 465 
“« ‘Thy servants; be his steeds our just reward!” 
He spake; andona lofty tamarisk 


The spoils of Dolon hung ; and mark’d the place 


With reeds. and boughs conspicuous, lest the 


night 


And darkness them returning should deceive. 470 


Χ, ΤΗΝ ILIAD. 265 


And now. the chiefs o’er arms. through. heaps of 
slain 
Their course. pursued, and sought the Thracian 
camp. 
Them sleeping they. surpris’d, with toil fordone ; 
Their arms, their chariot, and their horses, near 
Attendant, by each, chieftain ready stood. 47 5 
Rhesus, encircled by. his, wearied friends, 
With heavy, sleep, opprest, reclining lay ; 
Near him his matchless steeds in. order rang’d 
Behind his splendid car : Ulysses saw 
The prize, and thus his friend in arms.address’d: 486. 
“ ‘This is the Thracian king, and these the steeds 
Which, Dolon. pointed out ; true were his words, 
Fhough he the forfeit οὗ his life-hath paid, 
Slain by our,hands. Now be thy courage tried, 
Nor armed as thou art inactive stand, 485 
“ ‘Tydides ;, now.-exert thy utmost strength ; 
Serze thou the steeds: or deal: destruction round, 
And let that task be mine.” Thus spake’ the: 
chief. 
When now with added, strength Minerva/arm’d 
Her hero’s breast); on every. side they fall 490 
Beneath his sword ; deep groans of death are heard, 


And rivers flow in blood: |The lion. thus 


266 THE ILIAD. 


The unguarded fold devours, or sheep or goats, 

Resistless. Thus with equal rage inspird 

Tydides fierce invades the Thracian host : 495 

Twelve heroes fell beneath his daring hand. 

Ulysses provident, with care remov'’d 

Those whom the sword of Diomed had slain, 

And dragg’d them by the feet and clear’d the road ; 

Lest the affrighted steeds unus’d to blood, 500 

And fearing to advance, should start aside. 

Tydides now Rhesus the king attack’dy 

With heavy sleep opprest, an easy prey. 

Just then a fatal vision Pallas sent, 

The dream of death, and Rhesus wak'd no more. 
Meantime Ulysses seiz’d the wish’d-for prize, 506 

Harness’d the Thracian steeds, and led them forth 

Directing with his bow; for in the car 

The silver-studded whip unheeded lay ; 

Then to Tydides gave the appointed sign. 

The hero paus’d: ‘still greater deeds inspir’d 

His breast ; or now to seize the polish’d car, 

And armour gold emboss’d, and drag them forth, 

Or lift them high in air; or with his sword 

Spread further desolation through the camp: 515 

Him doubting still, Minerva thus address’‘d : 


* Think of retreat, ‘Tydides, to thy ships ; 


x. THE ILIAD. 


“ Some hostile deity may rouse the foe, 
‘“‘ And numbers joining force thee to retire.” 
She spake: Tydides knew the voice divine, 520 
Mounted his horse (Ulysses led the way), 
And to the ships they urg’d their speedy flight. 
Apollo now, the guardian god of Troy, 
Indignant, saw them to the ships return 
By Pallas aided: fierce his anger burn’d ; 
And hast’ning to the Trojan camp he wak’d 


Hippocosn, he faithful friend in arms 


Of Rhesus. "Starting from his sleep he gaz'd 


With terror on the slaught’red chiefs around, 

And Rhesus in the midst, (his matchless steeds 530 

Remov'd and gone;) he saw, and deeply groan’d. 

Meantime great tumult through the Trojan camp 

And loud lament arose ; when seen the deeds 

Perform’d that night, when known escap’d the 
foe. 

And now the heroes at the place arriv’d 535 

Where Dolon welt’ring lay, where hid his arms; 

Ulysses stopp’d, and Diomed with haste 

Descending to Ulysses gave the spoils; 

And quick his seat resuming, to the ships 

Victorious drove the captur'd steeds along. 540 


Nestor first heard their near approach, and: said, 


268 THE. ΤᾺ 


“ Am I deceiv’d, or doth the hollow sound 
“ Of horsesiand of-horsemen strike my ear? 
“ QO may Ulysses. and: Tydides prove 
“ Successful! and: these: horses safe.convey 545 
“ From Froy some: noble prize!. and yet I fear 
“ Lest they should fall, by: numerous foes opprest.” 
Scarce had he finish'd when the. chiefs arriv’d. 
Dismounting, them: their friends: with joy. receivd 
And chéerful: gratulation; Nestor first. 550 
“ Pride of the Grecian: host,. Ulysses, say 
“ Fron» whence these horses; from the Trojan 
“ camp: 
A present rather from some deity, 
Bright and: refulzent. asthe rays of light. 
Though: ever with the Trojan host engag’d' 585 
In constant fight, nor yielding to the claims 


Οὔαρε; yet never have these eyes beheld 


Such matchless steeds, the present of a god 
Ε deem ; for: both great Jove: himself regards, 
And Pallas} dreadful:in'the ranks of war.’ 560 
Ulysses thus repliedi: “5 O chief rever’d, 
“ Qur glory and our pride, superior far 
“ To these a:god: might give; such is their pow’r. 
“ Of Thracian breed are these, and newly come 


‘ To Troy : the king of Thrace 'Tydides slew, 565 


THE ILIAD. 269 


‘ Rhesus his name; with him twelve heroes fell. 
These are the spoils from Dolon, whom we took, 
A secret spy from Troy by Hector sent 
Our motions to explore, and view our camp.” 
Thus spake the chief; and now the trenches pass’d, 

The Grecians hail’d with joy their noble prize. 571 

Tydides at his tent the coursers plac’d, 

Where others ready stood: and at his ship 

Ulysses rang’d the arms from Dolon won, 

To Pallas consecrate: then in the sea 

Each chief descending bath’d his weary limbs, 

Ablution meet; next from the costly bath 

With oil anointed, and refresh’d, they join’d 

The festive board, and to the blue-ey’d maid 


From golden goblets pour’d the gen’rous wine. 580 


THE ILIAD. 


BOOK XI. 


Now from Τ ythonus’ bed the morn arose, 

Bringing to gods and men the gift of light ; 

When Jove in anger to the Grecian ships 

Sent fierce Contention, bearing in her hand 

The signal of dread war. Her station first 

At the tall ship of Ithacus she took, 

That her dire voice on both sides might be heard; 

Then at the tents of Ajax Telamon, 

And swift Achilles, who on the utmost bounds, 

Confiding in their strength, had rang’d their ships: 

The goddess there her brazen voice uprais’d, 11 

Portentous, dreadful, and each breast inspir’d 

With added courage; sweeter far the toils 

Of war became than wish’d return to Greece. 
Atrides shouted, and his host to arms 15 

Summon’d with speed; himself meantime prepar'’d 

His armour for the field. The well-wrought greaves 

With clasps of silver on his martial limbs 


He bound; the corselet arm’d his manly chest, 


978 THE ILIAD. 


The gift of Cinyras, (for Cyprus heard 

The rumour of the war which Greece prepar'd 
To wage with Troy; and to her mighty king, 
Token of friendship; sent the costly gift,) 
Ten rays of polish’d steel and twelve of gold, 
Twenty of tin the texture firm compos’d ; 
Three azure serpents rose to guard the neck 
On either side, hike to that bended bow 
Which Jove impresses on‘ a radiant ¢loud 


With varied hue; signal to humati-kind. 


Around his shoulders hung thé’ poid’rotis sword 30 


Studded with gold’: a golden belt upheld 

The silver seabbard: next his arm embrae’d 

The pond’rous shield with glitt’ring tin emboss’d, 

Whose ample verge ten brazen orbs énclos’d, 

And shone irradiate: of a deeper hue 35 

Black steel the centre crown'd; there Gorgon’s 
head 

Of dire aspect, whose dread-inspiring eyes 

Like flames appear’d, there terror and dismay : 

The vast circumference a silver belt 

Sustain’d, whose top a serpent’s form embraec’d, 40 

And triple head portentous rose to view. 

Then o'er his brow he plac’d the dazzling casque 


With fourfold plome terrific: in his hand 


ΧΙ. THE. ILIAD. 273 


Two spears he bore, whose points shone forth to 
heav’n. 

Whilst Juno and Minerva rais’d the shout 

Of war, in lionour of Mycene’s king: 

The chariots at the fosse in order rang’d 

Their chiefs awaited ; they on foot rush’d forth: 

The din of battle wakes the tardy morn. 

First in firm ranks array'd the foot advane’d 50 
Supported by the horse, small space between : 
Pernicious tumult sent by angry Jove, 

Incessant rag’d ; whilst from high heav’n the dew 
In drops of purple gore descended thick, 
Devoting heroes to the shades below. 55 

And now the Trojans duly rang’d mov’d on, 
With Hector and Polydamas their chiefs, 

And brave ASneas, honour’d as a god ; 
And with Antenor’s sons, with Polybus, 
Agenor, and the warlike Acamas. 60 

But Hector foremost in the ranks advanc'd, 
Bearing his mighty shield. As when a star 
Of omen dire now shines with vivid hght, 

Now sets obscur’d behind some low’ring cloud ; 
So Hector foremost in the van appear'd, 64 
Now issued in the rear his dread commands, 


T 


274 THE ILIAD. 


His brazen armour glitt’ring as he mov'd, 
Like lightning from the angry hand of Jove. 
As reapers in the wide-extended field 
Of some rich landlord, each to each oppos’d, 70 
Level the crop luxuriant, or of wheat 
Or barley, thick with sheaves the land is strew’d ; 
So Greeks and Trojans on each other rush’d 
With slaughterous intent ; nor once indulg'd 
Thought of base flight; but steadfast and erect 75 
Maintain’d the combat, and as daring wolves 
Advanc’d intrepid. Discord at the sight 
Exulting joy'd; for she of all the gods 
Was present in the battle’s wild uproar : 
Others retir’d each to his blest abode 
On high Olympus sat, nor ceas'd to blame 
Jove’s partial favour to the Trojan host. 
All unconcern’d the Sire of gods and men 
Exulting sat, and from Olympus’ height 
Survey’d the city, and the ships of Greece ; 
Their glitt’ring arms, the slayer and the slain. 
Whilst yet the morn and sacred day increas'd, 
Through either host, with equal force sustain’d, 
The battle rag’d: but at what time, when {τ᾿ ἃ 


With constant labour, to his homely fare 90 


ΧΙ. THE ILIAD. 


The sturdy woodman under thickest shade 
Betakes him, hungry and with toil fordone, 
Then Grecian valour broke the Trojan ranks: 
Atrides led the way, and shouts approv’d. 
Bienor first, chief of renown, he slew : 

Then brave Oileus fell; the rapid spear 

His forehead pierc’d as to Bienor’s aid, 
Quitting his chariot, dauntless he advanc'd, 
(The brazen casque a feeble guard supplied,) 
His brain transfix’d, and staid his bold career. 100 
These leaving of their shining armour stript, 
Forward Atrides rush’d where Antiphus 

And Isus in one car sustain’d the fight ; 

Of noble this, that of ignoble birth, 


The sons of Priam: Isus held the reins, 


His spear grasp'd Antiphus. On Ida’s top 


Achilles erst the youths with tender twigs 
Fast bound tending their flocks, and from their sire 
Ransom receiv’d. Atrides through the breast 
Of Isus hurl’d his spear; then with his sword © 110 
Slew Antiphus, and quickly both despoil’d ; 
Their arms his prize: for well Atrides knew 
Their lineage; when Achilles to the ships 
From Ida led them bound, he saw the youths. 
As the gaunt lion seizes unawares 


T 2 


276 THE ILIAD. 


The tender offspring of the nimble deer 

Surpris’d within her lair, sudden they fall 

An easy prey to his remorseless jaws; 

Whilst she full near, unable to resist, 

Opprest with fear stands trembling; then amain 

Through the thick forest wings her speedy flight : 

In drops the sweat bedews her limbs, such dread 

The monster fierce inspires: so none might save 

The Trojan youths, such terror then prevail'd. 
Next fell Pisandrus and Hippolochus, 

Sons of Antimachus: (he whilom brib’d 

By Paris counsel gave not to restore 

Helen: advice now fatal to his sons :) 

Them in one chariot borne Atrides seiz’d 

As the fell lion: from their frembling hands 180 

The reins dropp’d useless: in their chariot prone 

On bended knees thus they preferr’d the pray’r: 


“ Spare us, Atrides, and a ransom take 


“ Of value infinite; for great the wealth 


“ In scuptur'd brass, in gold, or iron wrought 135 


«¢ With skill superior in our father’s house: 

“ These and still more Antimachus will send, 

‘If he but hear we at your ships still live.” 
Thus they their pray’r with supplicating voice 


Preferr'd: Atrides sternly thus replied : 140 


ΧΙ. THE ILIAD. 


“ If ye be sons of wise Antimachus, 
“ Who counsell’d death to our ambassadors, 
“ ‘To Menelaus and Ulysses, take 
“ The just reward of all your father’s crimes.” 
He spake ; and from his chariot to the ground 145 
Pisandrus thrust; the spear transfix’d his chest, 
Supine he fell. Hippolochus dismay’d 
Forth from the chariot leap’d: the vengeful sword 
Sever’d his hands, then headless left the trunk, 
Which like a mortar through the crowd he hurl'd. 
And now Atrides, where the battle rag’d 151 
With force increas’d, rush’d onward with his host. 


Now infantry with infantry engao’d, 


And horse with horse (whose numerous feet up- 


rais d 
Thick clouds of dust) dealt slaughter all around; 
Atrides most, whose voice inspir'd the Greeks 
With added courage. As devouring flames 
In the thick forest rage, on every side 
Borne by the varying winds, the crackling wood, 
The lofty timber sinks beneath its force : 160 
So fell the Trojans by Atrides’ sword, 
To flight impell’d: then through the routed host 
Spreading dismay, the rapid coursers drage’d 


Their empty cars; no chief to guide the reins; 


278 THE ILTAD. 


Fall’n on the plain beneath Atrides’ spear 
They lay, to vultures and to beasts a prey. 
Hector meantime from spear, from dust and 
blood, 
From slaughter and the battle’s wild uproar, 
Great Jove withdrew protecting: through the host 
Atrides shouts impetuous, and pursues 170 
The routed foe, now flying to the tomb 
Of Ilus, eager to regain the walls. 
Atrides stain’d with gore pursues amain: 
Now at the beech and Sczan gate arriv’d, 
The victor halts, and reinforcement waits ; 175 
Whilst o’er the plain the routed Trojans fly. 
As herds whose hearts the lion’s roar appalls 
In the obscure night, beneath his potent jaws 
The hindmost on the plain extended dies ; 
The insatiate monster swills, and riots in the 
blood : 186 
Atrides thus pursued, thus fell the foe 
Beneath his potent arm ; and from their cars 
Full many a chief extended in the dust 
Fell prone: so rag’d the hero’s vengeful spear. 
When now the city and the lofty wall 185 
The victor chief approach’d: on Ida’s top 


The Sire of gods and men descending sat, 


XI. THE ILIAD. 
Grasping his forked lightning, and in haste 


Iris his winged messenger address’d : 


“* Go, swift-wing’d Iris, to the Trojan chief 190 


“ This message bear: Whilst in the foremost ranks 


Ἐς 


Atrides rages, let him quit the field, 
“ And leave to other chiefs the doubtful fight : 


* But when Atrides wounded or with sword 


ςς 


Or spear again shall mount his rapid car, 195 


“ Twill inspire him with redoubled force 


ἐς 


To slay the routed Greeks e’en at their ships 


cé 


Till the sun set, and sacred Night approach.” 


He spake: nor did swift Iris disobey : 

From Ida to the walls of sacred Troy 

Descending, by his steeds and polish’d car 

The warlike son of Priam she descried, 

And near approaching thus her message gave : 
“ Hear, son of Priam, fam’d for wisdom’s lore, 
From Jove these words I bear: Whilst in the van 
Atrides foremost rages, quit the field ; 206 
Let other Trojan chiefs the fight maintain : 

* But when or wounded by the sword or spear 
Atrides shall remount his rapid car, 
He will inspire thee with redoubled force 210 
To slay the routed Greeks e’en at their ships 


‘ Till the sun set, and sacred Night approach.” 


280 THE ILIAD. ΧΙ. 


She spake, and disappear'd: when from his car 
The chief all-arm’d descended. In his hands 


Two spears he bore, and through the Trojan host 


Their courage kindled, and renew’d the fight; 215 

They turn’d and dard the foe, who clos’d their 
ranks, 

And each with menac’d front the dreadful. shock 

Of arms sustain’'d: Atrides mighty chief, 

Advancing, foremost to the battle rush’d. 220 

Say, heav’nly Muse, what Trojan hero first, 

Or brave ally, dar’d the fierce onset prove. 

Antenor’s warlike son Iphidamas, 

Nurturd in Thrace for pastur’d herds renown’d ; 

Him Cisseus nourish’d in his early youth ; 225 

Cisseus maternal uncle, the lov’d sire 

Of fair Theano, and to manhood’s prime 

Detain’d the youth, when he in marriage gave 

His daughter: but with martial glory ἢν ἡ, 

Iphidamas (his nuptial vow forgot) 230 

With twelve tall ships sought glory from the 
Greeks. 

These at Percope station’d, he on feot 

Pursued his journey to the Trojan walls, 

And with Atrides dar’d the shock of arms. 


Him first the spear of dread Atrides miss’d 


XI. THE ILIAD. 281 


Erring: with utmost strength the Trojan chief 

His spear directed; on the well-wrought belt 

It struck with vehemence, yet pierc’d it ποῖ; 

The faithless point turning as lead aside. 

Atrides seiz’d, and with a lion’s force 240 

Wrested the weapon from his feebler grasp, 

And with his faulchion smote his neck in twain: 

He falls, a lifeless corpse, and sleeps in death! 

Iil-fated youth! aiding his country’s cause, 

Far from his virgin wife, by him enrich’d 

With presents numberless, (himself, alas! 

Of every boon depriv’d;) a hundred beeves 

He promis’d, and a thousand sheep and goats, 

For great his store. Him thus Atrides slew, 

And through the host his shining arms convey’d. 
Not unobserv’d by Coon, eldest born 251 

Of fam’d Antenor, who his brother’s fate 

Deeply lamenting, near the king approach’d 

Unseen, and aim’d the wound; the unerring spear 

Beneath the elbow pierc’d Atrides’ arm. 255 

The hero shudd’red ; nathless he maintain’d 

The combat, and on Coon rush’d amain 

With lifted spear. Just then the pious youth, 

Dragging the corpse of slain Iphidamas, 


Shouted for aid, and call’d the Trojan chiefs. 260 


282 THE ILIAD. 


Beneath his shield Atrides fix’d the spear, 

Then stretch’d him headless on his brother’s chest 
With his broad faulchion: to the shades below 
Atrides thus Antenor'’s sons consign’d. 

Again the hero through the ranks of war 265 
Spread desolation, or with spear or sword, 

Or stones of wondrous size, whilst from the wound 
The blood yet warmly flow’d; when now it ceas’d, 
And the wound drying, caus’d acutest pains, 

Then fail’d the spirit of great Atreus’ son. 270 

As when sharp pains and agonizing throes 
The matron vex, by the Ilithyz sent 
Daughters of Juno, who at births preside: 

Thus pains severe subdued Atrides’ mind: 
Then mounted he his car, and to the ships 

His course directing, thus the Greeks address’d : 
““ Friends, princes, leaders of the Grecian host, 
“ Far from our ships avert the flames of war ; 

“ For me, Jove bids me from the fight retire.” 

He spake ; and to the ships pursued his way : 
The willing steeds urg’d on their rapid course 281 
With foaming chests; thick clouds of dust arose 
As from the fight they bore the wounded chief. 


Not unobserv’d retir’d the Grecian king; 


When Hector thus with animating speech 
S 5] 


XI. THE ILIAD. 283 


His troops address’d: “'Trojans, and brave allies, 
“* Now be your courage, now your valour tried ; 
“ The bravest of the Greeks retires, and Jove 
“ To me the glory gives: then onward drive 
“ Your foaming coursers, and pursue the foe; 290 
“« And be immortal glory your reward.” 
Thus he their courage and their strength renew’d. 
And as the hunter slips his eager dogs 
Or on the lion or the bristled boar : 
So Hector on the Greeks the Trojans urg’d, 295 
And led them on like desolating Mars 
Advancing to the war, as sudden blasts 
Impetuous rushing blacken all the deep. 
Say then who first beneath great Hector’s spear, 
So Jove ordain’d, who last his life resign’d. 300 
Asseeus first, Dolops, Autonous, 
Opites, and the brave Hipponous, 
/Esymnus, Orus and Opheltius, 
Chiefs of renown; then others of less note. 

As when with sudden gust a western storm 305 
Encounters in mid air the gath’ring clouds 
By southern winds condens’d, the affrighted deep 
With surge tremendous rolls the swelling tide, 
And adverse blasts the foaming spray disperse ; 


So Hector’s fury swept the Grecian host. 


284 THE ILIAD, 


Then had destructive and pernicious deeds 
And flight disgraceful stain’d the Grecian name, 
But Ithacus oppos’d, and thus bespoke 
Tydides: “ Why, alas! do we forget 
“ Our courage and our strength? Here let us stand: 
“ Great were the shame should Hector seize our 

“ ships.” 316 

Tydides thus replied: “ Here will I stand 
“ And will endure; yet vantage small I fear, 

Since partial Jove to Hector gives the day.” 

He spake; and from his chariot to the ground 320 
Thymbreus fell’d; the spear transfix’d his chest: 
His faithful charioteer Molion next 
Ulysses slew; then left him on the plain; 

And rushing where the thickest ranks oppos’d, 
Destruction spread and death. As when two boars 
Resistless fierce, the numerous pack assail ; 326 
So these the Trojan ranks, The Greeks meantime 
Whom Hector’s sword dispers’d recov’red breath. " 

Then slew they Merops’ sons; one chariot bore 
The warriors through the ranks, for courage fam’d ; 
Sons of Percosian Merops, who excell’d 331 
In deep prophetic lore, nor would permit 
Fis sons to tempt the dangers of the war. 


They disobey’d, stern Fate impell'd them on: 


XI. THE ILIAD. 
Whom Diomed of light and life depriv’d, 


And of their armour spoil’d. Ulysses slew 


Hippodamus and brave Hyperochus. 

When now from Ida’s top Saturnian Jove 
Survey’d the field, and pois’d the doubtful war ; 
And equal deaths prevail’d. Tydides’ spear 
Sore wounded in the hip Agastrophus, 

From Peon sprung; no horse, no chariot near 
To aid his flight; ill-fated as he was! 

On foot the attempt is vain: he falls and dies. 
Hector perceiv'd, and led his Trojans on 
Shouting: Tydides saw the gath’ring storm, 
And anxious thus sage Ithacus address’d : 


‘¢ Hither impetuous Hector wheels his course; 


“ Here siand we, and united dare the fight.” 


He spake, and hurl’d his spear; nor miss’d his aim, 
But on the helmet of the chief of Troy 351 
Smote full, yet piere’d not through ; the plaited 

casque, 
Gift of Apollo, stopp'd its mighty force. 
Hector in haste retir'd: his bended knee 
And arm his weight supported: o’er his eyes 355 
Darkness prevail’d. Tydides to regain 
His spear pursuit delay’d; for glane’d aside, 


Deep in the ground was hid the glitt’ring point. 


286 THE ILIAD. 


Hector meanwhile reviv'd, and in his car 

Vaulting, regain’d the ranks, escap'd from death. 360 
Nathless Tydides with uplifted spear 

Thus menaced the foe: “ Detested chief, 

“* Thou hast again escap’d, and scarcely so: 

“ Phoebus hath sav’d thee, to whose awful pow’r 


{1 


Thou pray’st when ent'ring mid the shock of 


® ne 


‘* arms. 365 

Surely thou diest if we but meet again, 

And some propitious god Tydides aid: 

Others meantime shall satiate my revenge.” 

He spake ; and to the spoil of Pzon’s son 
Hast’ned ; when Paris, beauteous Helen’s choice, 
Prepar’d his bow: conceal’d behind the tomb 371 
Of Ilus, ancient senator, he stood. 

Just then Tydides from Agastrophus 

The varied helmet and the pond’rous shield 

And corselet loos’ned. From the well-drawn bow 
Th’ unerring arrow pierc’d the hero’s foot, 376 
And ἔχ᾽ ἃ it to the ground: Paris leap'd forth 

From his retreat, and thus in taunting guise 
Exulting spake: “ Not fruitless was my aim, 


* And thou art wounded; would to heav'n the 


* point 


“ Were buried in thy heart, and drank thy life' 


ΧΙ, THE ILIAD. 287 


“ Then might the Trojans breathe awhile from ills, 

“ Who dread thee as the flocks the lion’s rage.” 
To whom undaunted, Diomed replied : 

“ Vain archer! base deceiver of the sex! 385 

“ Soon shalt thou find, if we but meet in arms, 

‘«* ‘Thy bow and arrows but a weak defence: 

““ My foot thus slightly wounded be thy boast : 


ς( 


W omen and children might such wounds inflict: 


“A coward’s weapon in contempt I hold. 390 


os 


But whom this spear but lightly touch, he dies ; 
‘ His wife and orphans him with tears lament, 
“ Whilst in the blood-stain’d field his carcase rots, 
“ To birds of prey than women far more dear.” 
Thus spake Tydides: Ithacus meantime 395 
Approach’d to shield his friend; and seated near, 
Drew forth the bitter arrow from the wound: 
Sharp pains ensued; when to his car the chief 
Hast’ned, and to the ships pursued his way. 
Ulysses on the field alone remain’d, 400 
No Grecian near, fear urg’d them to base flight ; 
When thus indignant, with his mighty soul 
The chieftain converse held: “ To ἣν the foe 
“‘ Though sorely prest, that were indeed disgrace ! 
“Yet danger imminent if singly here 405 


“ With numbers I contend; since all our host 


288 THE ILIAD. 


“ Are fled, by Jove himself with fear inspir’d. 

“ Yet why this doubtful reasoning, O my soul! 

“ The coward flies the danger of the field: 

“ But he who knows in battle to excel, 410 

« Firmly maintains his ground, to fight or die.” 
Whilst thus within himself he reasoning stood, 

The foe advane’d, and near encircled round ; 

But to their own destruction. As when dogs 

And youthful hunters from the thicket rouse 415 

The foaming boar, forth rushing from his lair 

He whets his shining tusks, and champs with ire 

Gnashing his teeth; all-furious as he is, 

They firmly stand, and dare the monster’s force : 

So round Ulysses press’d the Trojan youth. 420 

He favour’d of the gods with fatal blow 

Deiopites through the shoulder pierc’d ; 

Then Thoon felt his force, and Ennomos : 

And now Chersidamas, as from his horse 

Alighting, just beneath his shield receiv'd 

The fatal wound ; and in the dust expird. 

Thus slain he left them, and on Charops rush’d, 

Brother of Socus, sons of Hippasus. 

Quick to his brother's aid brave Socus flew, 

And near approaching Ithacus address’d : 


“ς Tilustrious chief, insatiate of toils, 


ΧΙ. THE ILIAD. 289 
“< This day two sons of Hippasus shall fall 


“ Beneath thy force, and yield their shining arms 
“Thy meed ; or this my spear thy life arrest.” 
Thus saying, on the well-wrought shield he 
smote ; 435 
Through shield, through corselet pass'd the rapid 
spear, 
And pierc’d his side; but Pallas check’d its force, 
Nor suff’red it to enter and destroy. 
Ulysses knew the wound of slight import, 
And back retiring Socus thus address’d: 440 
“ Ill-fated youth! whom death with hasty 
“ς stride 
“ Approacheth, thou hast caus’d me cease awhile 
“ From battle; yet this self-same day shall bring 
© Destruction on thy head, by me subdued ; 
“ This spear shall send thee to the shades below.” 
He spake; when Socus hasty flight prepar’d; 446 
But in his back between the shoulders pass’d 
The fatal spear; transfixt he fell to earth ; 
His armour rang: the victor thus resum’d: 
“ς Socus, renowned son of Hippasus, 450 
“ Thus end. thy days, thus Fate hath seal’d thy 
(ς doom: | 
‘Thou mayst not now escape. Unfortunate! 


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290 THE ILIAD. 


“ No weeping parents shall thy eyelids close 
ς With decent rites; the ravnous bird of prey 
« Shall tear thy flesh, clanging his horrid wings: 
« But me when dead all Grecia will entomb.” 456 
Thus having said, he from his wounded side 
And shield the spear of valiant Socus drew : 
The warm blood issuing sudden fear inspir'd. 
The sons of Troy at sight of hostile blood 460 
Shouted exulting, and with added force 
Advanc’d: Ulysses slowly back retir’d, 
And loudly eall’d for aid. Thrice loud as man 
His voice might raise he call’d, nor call’d in vain ; 
Him Menelaus brave in battle heard, 465 
And thus the Telamonian chief address’d : 
Illustrious Ajax, bulwark of our host, 
“ T hear the voice of prudent Ithacus, 
“ As though surrounded by the numerous foe: 
“ Then haste we to his aid: however brave, 470 
“ 1 tremble for his life, by numbers prest : 
“ Ulysses slain all Grecia would lament.” 
He spake; and led the way where heard the 
voice : 
Him Ajax follow’d like a god in arms. 
Ulysses by the Trojans circled round 475 


They found. As wolves upon the mountain top 


ΧΙ, THE ILIAD. 


The wounded stag beset; fixt in his side 


The barbed shaft remains, though for a tiitie 


Whilst warm the blood he nimbly bound along ; 


Fainting at length he falls, in the thick wood 480 
An easy prey to their devouring jaws ; 
Till by the lion suddenly surpris’d 
They fly ; the lordly beast alone devours: 
So round Ulyssés fertilé in resource 
The Trojans: numerous arid brave advane’d; 4865 
His threat’ning spear wards. off impending death. 
Now with his pond’rous shield like to some tow’r 
Ajax advanced: through fear, on every side 
The Trojans fled: thet from the battle’s rage 
The wounded chieftain Meénelaus led 490 
In safety to his car, which near them stood. 
But Ajax rushing on the foe, slew first 
Doryclus son of Priam, baséely born ; 
Then Pandocus: and now beneath his sword 
Lysander, Pyrasus, Pylartes, fell. 405 
As when the torrent swola by sudden. rains 
Rolls from the mountain height its foaming tide, 
The oak uprooted and the lofty pine 
Are hurried down the steep, while to the sea 
The impetuous deluge poufs its turbid flood; 500 
So Ajax o’er the plain destruction spréad, 


U 2 


295 THE ILIAD. 


Unknown to Hector. On Scamander’s banks 
He wag'd the war, and there the field was strew'd 
With heroes slain, and endless tumult rose ; 
Where Nestor fought and brave Idomeneus. 505 
There Hector in the midst, in chariot now, 
And now on foot, superior courage show’d, 
And deeds of valorous emprise maintain’d. 
Nor then had Greece retir’d and left the field, 
But Paris with his barbed arrow smote 510 
Machaon mighty chief: the rapid shaft 
His shoulder piere’d, and check’d his bold career. 
The Grecians trembled for the wounded chief ; 
When thus Idomeneus: “ Pride of our host, 
“ Sage Nestor, hither with thy chariot haste; 515 
-ς With speed Machaon to the ships convey. 
« Skill’d in the healing art above mankind, 
“ Or to apply soft medicine, or extract 
“ The barbed shaft; his loss were great indeed !” 
He spake: nor disobey’d the Pylian sage, 520 
But in his car the wounded chief convey’d, 
Machaon, to the distant ships of Greece. 
Eftsoons Cebriones from far discern’d 
The Trojans routed on the distant plain, 
And Hector thus bespoke: “We inthe rear 525 


“ Maintain the doubtful fight, whilst in the van 


xf. THE ILIAD. 


“ The routed Trojans fly before the foe 


“ In dread confusion: Ajax mighthy chief 


“ (I know his sev’nfold orb) spreads death around: 


ἐς ‘There hasten we where horse and foot engag’d 


“ Conflicting fall, and madd’ning tumult reigns.” 
He spake; and scourg’d the foaming steeds along: 
Through Greeks and Trojans bounds the rapid car ; 
O’er shields, o’er heroes, fetlock deep in gore 

The impetuous coursers rush: distain’d with blood 
The axle groans beneath; with blood the wheels, 
The trappings, and the car, are purpled o’er. 


Hector all-eager through the thickest ranks 


Burst sudden: tumult through the Grecian files 


Prevail’d and dread; so rag’d the Hectorian spear. 


Whole ranks discomfiting with spear or sword, 541 
Or pond’rous stones, he rang’d the plain along ; 
Yet dar’d he not with Ajax singly fight. 
But Jove supreme the Grecian chief with fear 
Inspir'd; astonish’d and dismay’d awhile 
He stood, and cast his sev’nfold orb behind ; 
And turning oft survey’d the unequal fight ; 
Retiring, but with tardy steps and slow. 

And as when dogs and herdsmen from the stall 
Repulse the lion’s strength, and through the night 


Keeping strict watch, his purpose disappoint 551 


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ae 


294 THE ILIAD. 


And maw voracious; nathless he endures 
By famine prest; yet fruitless: all his strength : 
Thick show’rs of arrows, and the flaming torch 
Which most he dreads, repel his bold attempt ;.555 
With light he to his den growhing retires: 
So Ajax from the battle slow withdrew 
Reluctant, trembling for the Grecian fleet. 

As the slow ass the growing crop invades, 
By boys oppos'd im vain; nor frequent blows 560 
Prevent ; though still pursued he eats his fill, 
So puny their attack; then scarce retreats: 
Thus Trojans and allies pursue the chief 
Of Telamonian race: the frequent spear 
Rings on his orbid shield: now on the foe 565 
Turning he rushes, and maintains the war 
Dauntless: now fear persuades disgraceful fiight. 
Yet not unmindful to protect the fleet, 
Between contending hosts he stands oppos’d, 
And bars the road, lest they the ships invade. 570 
Thrown from the hand of many a valiant chief, 
The frequent spear stands fixt within the shield; 
Whilst others, ere they reach the destin'd mark, 
Fall in midway and lost in empty air. 
Whom when Eurypylus, kuzmon’s son, 


Encumb’red thus with weapons numbertess 


ΧΙ. THE ILIAD. 295 


Perceiv'd, forthwith approaching, with his spear 

He Apisaon smote, chief of renown, 

The son of Phausius: the fatal point 

His liver piere’d, and instant death ensued. 580 
Eurypylus, intent to spoil the slain, 

Rush’d forward: him the godlike Paris saw 

Despoiling Apisaon, and prepar’d 

His bow. The winged shaft unerring flew, 

Pierc’'d through his thigh, and breaking, left its 

point 585 

Deeply infixt. The wounded chief retir’d 

Within the ranks again, avoiding death, 

And loudly thus exclaim’d: “ Friends, princes, 

* chiefs, 

“ Now firmly stand, and from united foes 

“ Save Ajax sorely prest by hostile darts ; 590 

“ Or lost our mighty chief: then firmly stand.” 
Thus spake Eurypylus: with spears uprais’d 

And shields opposing, onward rush’d the Greeks 

And rallied round their chief, who slow retir’d; 

Then turning to the foe, with dauntless front 595 

Stood: like devouring fire the battle rag'd. 
Meantime. the coursers of the Pyhan chief 

Convey’d Machaon to the Grecian ships. 


Him as he pass’d divine Achilles knew, 


296 THE ILIAD. 


As from his lofty vessel’s stern he view’d 

The labour of the field and mournful flight, 

And to his friend Patroclus quickly call’d 

With elevated voice. He from his tent 

Issu’d like Mars; in evil hour, first source 

Of all his woes, and thus in answer said: 605 

« ‘Why calls Achilles, and with anxious voice ?” 
When thus replied Achilles swift of foot : 

** O Menoitiades! friend whom my soul 

“ς Most values, most esteems, soon now I deem 

“ The Greeks will at my knees pour forth the 

“ pray’r 610 

““ And supplicate my: aid, for great their need. 

“ Haste then, Patroclus, lov’d of Jove, inquire 

“ Whom Nestor from the battle wounded brought: 

** Like to Machaon, A‘sculapius’ son, 

“ Passing he seem’d; yet saw I not his face, 615 

“ So quickly flew the rapid steeds along.” 

He spake: Patroclus, to his friend’s request 
Obedient, hast’ned to the tents and ships. 

And now the chiefs at Nestor’s tent arriv’d. 
Eurymedon unyok’d the panting steeds ; 620 
Whilst they with heat opprest first sought the 

breeze 


Fresh coming from the sea, and quick unbound 


ΧΙ. THE ILIAD. 


Their corselets, turning to the balmy gale; 
Then seated in the tent their limbs repos’d. 
The grateful bev’rage Hecamede prepar'd, 625 
Whom Nestor brought from Tenedos, destroy’d 
By Peleus’ son (Arsinous was her sire); 
Her on the Pylian sage the Greeks bestow’d, 
Of counsel best and wisest, just reward. 
First she the well-wrought polisht table set, 
(Of ebony the feet); then on it plac’d 
A brazen charger which within contain’d 
An onion ‘highly flavour’d, sacred wheat 
In purest meal, and honey from the comb. 
Near this the cup she plac’d with gold embost : 
(Nestor from Pylos brought this treasure rare ; 
Four handles grac’d it, and on each were seen 
Two doves in posture stooping as to drink, 
And other two supporting form’d the base ; 
No aged hand the cup when full might lift 640 
Save Nestor only ; light to him the task.) 
The nymph divine thus mix’d the grateful cup: 
First grated cheese from goat’s milk, Pramnian 


wine 


She mingled, and of wheat the purest meal: 


Then to the chiefs presented ; who their thirst 645 


Allaying, with each other converse held : 


298 THE ILIAD. 


When at the tent Mancetius’ son appear’d. 


Him Nestor saw, and from his seat uprose ; 


And taking by the hand his valued friend, 


Welcom’d his coming. He with mildness thus 650 


His courtesy declin’d: “ Illustrious sage, 


ὡς 


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No seat for me; nor will he brook delay, 

Impetuous hasty, who hath sent me here 

To learn whom wounded to the ships you 
“ bring. 

I see Machaon; then permit return, 

That I a faithful messenger may prove: 

For well thou know’st, O venerable man! 

Achilles prone to blame where blame is none.” 

Nestor thus answ’red: “ Does he then lament 

The wounded sons of Greece? He cannot know 

The measure of those griefs our host endures. 

Our bravest warriors or with sword or spear 

Lie wounded at the ships: great Tydeus’ son, 

Illustrious Diomed ; Ulysses skill’d himself 

Fo hurl the spear: Atrides too 665 

Is wounded sore, and brave Eurypylus, 

His thigh transfixed with a barbed shaft. 


This friend. I from the battle. have convey ἃ 


‘ Thus wounded as you see. But Peleus’ son, 


Brave though he be, nor pities nor regards. 670 


ΧΙ, THE ILIAD. 299 


Or waits he till the flames consume our ships 

Here on the strond; whilst we, resistance vain, 

Are slaught'red heaps on heaps? No longer 
“ now 

As heretofore my limbs firm strength possess. 

O could my youth return, and former strength, 

As when with Elis I the battle mov’d, 676 

To guard my spoils by lawful conquest gain'd! 

Then did this arm slay brave Itymoneus, 

Son of Hyperochus ; (in Elis dwelt 

The ehief.) I drove away the num’rous spoils: 
ut he in their defence my shaft receiv’d, 681 

And fell. The fright’ned herdsmen fled the 
“< field : 

We the rich booty from their pastures took ; 

Of oxen fifty herds, as many flocks 

Of sheep; as many swine, and goats the same: 

Of mares one hundred fifty grac’d our spoils, 686 

Each with her foal. To Pylos these we drove 

By night. Neleus my sire rejoie’d to find 

Such treasures erown’d my first essay in arms. 

When now return’d, heralds aloud proclatm’d, 690 

That all who had on Elis just demands 

Should duly meet and the rich spoil divide, 


For much the Epeians ow’d. ‘There was a time 


300 THE ILIAD: XI, 


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When Pylos much endur'd; her armies thinn’d 
By the victorious hand of Hercules, 695 
And all her chiefs in battle overthrown: 

I of twelve sons alone remain’d alive 

To Neleus. Then the Epeians swoln with pride 
Heap’d insult upon insult, wrongs on wrongs. 

A herd of oxen Neleus to his share 700 
Selected, and three hundred sheep; with these 
Their shepherds: (for to him much Elis ow’d.) 
Four steeds unrival’d in the Olympic games 
(Their prize a golden tripod) Neleus sent. 
Augeas, king of Elis, them detain’d, 

And sent the charioteer with insult home. 
Mov’d by these causes Neleus of the spoil 

A large proportion seiz’d, reprisal just ; 

The rest as their demand the people shar’d : 
These I administ’red ; and to the gods 710 
Due sacrifice prepar’d. Scarce had three days 
Elaps'd when they with horse and foot advane’d, 
Their whole united force: Molion’s sons, 
Young, inexperienc’d, led the numerous host. 
High on a lofty rock Thryoessa stands, 715 
Near Alpheus’ stream, at the extremest bounds 
Of sandy Pylos: thither all her force 


Epeia sent to plunder and destroy. 


THE ILIAD. 301 


When pass’d the plain, Minerva in the night 

Summon’d to arms; nor Pylos disobey’d, 720 

All eager for the war. Neleus meantime 

My steeds conceal’d, and strict forbad the war 

To my unequal youth: on foot I went, 

Nor yielded to the horse in deeds of arms 

And valorous acts, for Pallas led the way. 725 

Where Minyus near Arene pours its fload 

Into old Ocean’s bosom, there encamp’d 

The Pylian force waited approaching morn: 

From thence we march’d to Alpheus’ sacred 
** stream, 

All arm’d: there we to Jove supreme prepar'd 

Due sacrifice: to Alpheus’ stream a bull; 731 

A bull to Neptune; to the blue-ey’d maid 

An untam’d heifer: then refresh’d our host, 

And on the river’s margin slept in arms. 

Intent on spoil the Epeians press’d the siege; 735 

Yet great the contest ere success might crown 

Their hopes ; for when the sun arose, to Jove 

And to Minerva we address’d the pray’r, 


And to the onset rush’d. Both armies thus 


' Conflicting, first this hand slew Mulius, 


Son of Augeas, Agamede’s spouse, 


Of Actor eldest born; and seiz’d his steeds: 


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802 THE ILIAD. 


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(Fair Agamede, skill’d each herb to trace 

Of healing pow’r which bounteous earth bestows:) 

Slain by my spear prone in the dust he fell: 7.45 

I Jeap’d into his car, and led the van. 

Then trembled all the Epeian host, and fled 

Routed; their chieftain fall’n though brave in 
“* arms, 

Then like the desolating tempest’s force 

I rush’d upon the foe. Full fifty cars 

I took ; from each two warriors bit the dust, 

Slain by my spear: nor had Molion’s sons 

My force escap’d, but Neptune from the fight 

In thickest clouds involv’d, preserv'd their youth: 

Then Jove with honour crown’d the Pyhan arms, 

O’er the wide plain with shields and armour 
*¢ strew’d, 756 

We slew the routed foe, and. took the spoil : 


Nor stay’d'till at Buprasium’s fields arriv'd, 


‘ Th’ Olenian rock; Alesium, and the town 


Of fair Colone; there we stopp'd. pursuit, 


‘ So Pallas gave command; and there I slew 


The last Epeian. From Buprasium 


To Pylos we return’d. Jove first receiv’d 


' Of gods the public thanks, then Neleus’ son 


‘ Of men. Such was my youth. Achilles hides 


ΧΙ, THE ILIAD. 


His valour in revenge, with sorer grief 

Hereafter to lament, when slain our host. 

O friend! Mancétius gave you this advice 

When he from Phthia to Atrides sent 

Thee his lov’d son; (Ulysses and myself 770 

Were there, and heard his words:) where Peleus 
“< dwelt 

Thither we hast’ned, earnest to collect 

Th’ Achaian forces for our destin’d war, 

Mancetius there, Achilles and thyself, 


We.found. Peleus just then to Jove supreme 


' Due off’rings made, and from the golden cup 776 


Pour’d rich libations on the smoking rites: 
You too prepar'd the flesh: we stood without. 
Achilles from his seat astonish’d rose, 


And led us by the hand, and seating, gave 780 


Courteous reception, as to strangers due. 

After refreshment I the speech address’d, 
Persuading you to aid us in the war: 

Both eagerly engag’d. Your prudent sires 
Much admonition gave: ‘ Be brave, my son, 785 
(Thus counsell’d Peleus,) “and excel in arms,’ 
To you Maneetius, son of Actor, said, 


‘My son, Achilles is of nobler birth, 


‘ * But you are oldest; he in strength excels : 


304 THE ILIAD. 


“ «Be it your care sage counsel to suggest, 
* ¢ And to instruct his youth; he will obey.’ 
“ Your father thus: but you, alas! forget. 
“ Yet even now, perchance, he will attend 
“ Your words, should heav’n assist: still might you 
“ rouse 
His soul to arms; much pow’r hath friendship’s 
© voice. 795 
But if forewarn’d by oracles divine, 
If Thetis, sent by Jove, forbid his aid, 
Let him send forth his Myrmidons with thee, 
If haply thou mayst aid our failing host, 
Clad in his glitt’ring arms: with terror 56 Ζ ἃ, 
Mistaking thee for him, all Troy would flee, 801 
‘ And our afflicted host might breathe awhile: 
* Fresh troops with ease the wearied foe may drive 
‘ Back to their city, from our ships and tents.” 
Thus Nestor spake: his words impressive sank 
Deep in Patroclus’ breast. He hast’ned back 806 
To Peleus’ son: when at the ships arriv’d 
Of Ithacus, (for there by custom held 
The chiefs their council, and the seat maintain’d 
Of justice; there the altar of their gods,) 810 
Just there Euzmon's son, Eurypylus, 


He met, sore wounded in the thigh, escap’d 


ΧΙ, THE ILIAD. 305 


Though lame, from battle: (drops of sweat, mean- 

time, 

Bedew’d his limbs, and from the rankling wound 

Fast flow’d the blood, yet unsubdued his mind.) 815 

Compassion touch’d his breast; he stopp’d, and thus 

In mournful words his suff’ring friend address’d : 

“ Unhappy Grecian chiefs and counsellors! 

‘ Far from your friends, and from your country far, 
Must you thus satisfy the savage beasts 820 
On Trojan plains? Yet say, Eurypylus, 

Doth Greece sustain the force of Hector’s spear, 
Or sink beneath his desolating arm >” 
Eurypylus replied: “ No help remains, 

‘ Godlike Patroclus; no protection left 825 
To save our fleet from the victorious foe ; 

‘ Our chiefs all wounded, but their strength in- 

** creas‘d: 
Yet help me, and conduct me to my ship; 
* Extract the arrow’s point, and cleanse my wound 


‘ With warm ablution and soft medicine 830 


‘ Of healing virtue; such as Chiron taught 


‘ Achilles, and to you by him made known: 

‘ Of those with us most skill’d, one at his tent, 
Machaon, wounded, needs like aid himself ; 

‘ And Podalirius still maintains the fight.” 835 


Χ 


THE ILIAD. 


To whom Mencetius’ warlike son replied: 
* How may this be, Eurypylus? what steps 
‘‘ May I unblam’d pursue? To Peleus’ son 
“ 1 hasten, with important business charg’d 
“ From Nestor, chief rever'd, our great support : 
“ Yet must I not forget my valued friend 841 
“ Tn this his need.” Thus saying, in his arms 
Supporting to his tent the chief he led. 
The servant strew’d the floor, and on the ground 
Extended at his length the hero plac’d: 845 
Patroclus from his thigh the painful shaft 
Cut out; then cleans’d with water pure the wound, 
And juice of bitter root well bruis’d applied, 
Of sov’reign pow’r to heal, and all his pains 


Sudden removy’d: the blood no longer flow’d. 850 


THE ILIAD. 


BOOK ΧΙ]. 


Tavs at the tents Mencetius’ warlike son 

Heal’d thé sore wound of brave Eurypylus: 

Each host meantime renew’d the dreadful fight : 
Nor might the fosse protect, nor ample wall 

Rais‘d to secure the fleet from hostile force ; 

No sacrifices paid to heav’nly pow’rs, 

That they might guard the ships and the rich spoils 
Within contain’d: begun with adverse heav’n 

No works of mortal man may long endure! 

Whilst Hector liv'd and sacred Troy remain’d, 10 
And swift Achilles cherish'’d dire revenge, 

So long the Grecian wal] remain’d entire: 


But when the bravest of the Trojan host 


Were slain, and sacred Troy to flames consign’d ; 


When the victorious Grecians back return’d 15 
To their lov’d country, after loss severe, 

Then Neptune and Apollo overthrew 

The wall, and pour'd from Ida’s lofty top 

The numerous streams : Rhesus, Heptaporus 


x 2 


308 THE ILIAD. 


Caresus, Rhodius, and A‘sepus’ flood, 

Granicus, and Scamander’s sacred stream ; 

And Simois, whose deep and gulfy tide 

Shields, helmets, rolls along, and godlike heroes 
slain. 

Nine days Apollo turn’d their heady course 

Against the wall; and with incessant rains 25 

Jove swell’d their streams, and delug’d with the sea 

The unhallow’d work ; Neptune strode on before, 


Bearing his trident: piles and massy stones 


Shook from their deep foundations, and o’erwhelm’d 
S 


ank in the flood. The labour of the Greeks 30 
Thus levell'd with the rapid Hellespont, 

The wall destroy’d, a sandy desert rane’d 

The coast along: each river then restor d, 

Roll’d the pure stream along its wonted course : 
Phoebus and Neptune this to later times 

Reserv'd, and future days. Then rag’d the war 
With clamorous uproar around the wall 

Struck by the frequent spear ; whilst at their ships, 
By adverse Jove subdued, the Greeks remain’d, 
Dreading the approach of Hector’s vengeful spear, 40 
Which dealt destruction like the whirlwind’s force. 
As when on dogs and hunters or the boar 


~ 


Or lion turns. and from his eyeballs rolls 


XII. THE ILIAD. 


Indignant fires, united they oppose 

‘The monster’s force, and ply the frequent dart ; 
Nor terror nor affright his heart assails 
Though death await him ; sudden oft he turns, 
The yielding ranks give way nor wait the attack : 
Thus Hector mov’d tumultuous, and his host 
Urg’d to o’erleap the fosse, whilst at the brink 
The snorting steeds started, nor dar’d the assault ; 
So deep the trench, so difficult the pass, 
Guarded by palisadoes strong and large, 

Fixt by the Grecians to repel the foe : 

Thus rend’red or to chariot or to horse 
impregnable. When now the bold emprise 
To infantry alone, as suited best, 

Polydamas assign’d, and thus address’d 
Hector with counsel just: “ Illustrious chief 
““ Of Troy, and all ye leaders and allies, 
Unwisely with our horse do we attempt 

The fosse, of access dangerous, with stakes 
Sharp’ned thick set, and by the Grecian wall 
Defended, where no horse may well engage, 
Pent in, to missive weapons most expos'd: 
But if great Jove to Greece destruction send : 
If he assist the ‘Trojans, (and may Heav’n 


ae 
Propitious hear, and grant my earnest pray r!) 


310 THE ILIAD. 


“ O may they perish from their country far, 

« And be this glorious day the last of Greece! 70 

“ But should they turn again; should they repulse 

“ Qur troops hemm’d in between the fosse and wall, 

“ Scarce might a messenger escape to Troy 

“ With tidings of our sad discomfiture. 

** Attend what I advise: here by the fosse 75 

“ Let horse and chariot stand in order rang’d, 

* Whilst we all arm’d on foot rush on the foe, 
And Hector lead the way; they will not long 
Sustain the attack; o’er their devoted heads 

* Stern fate impends, and dark destruction low’rs.” 
Thus spake the chief; nor Hector disapprov’d, 81 

But leap’d all armed from his glitt’ring car ; 

By his example led, each Trojan chief 

Dismounting gave in charge that-at the fosse 

His chariot and his steeds should ready stand: 85 

On foot they form’d, and all in order rang’d 

Five columns deep, waited their chiefs’ commands. 

Led on by Hector and Polydamas, 

The bravest Trojans, eager to engage, 

Anticipate success even at the ships 90 

The feeble barrier, pass’d. Cebriones 

With these march’d on; the chariot and the steeds 


Left with some warrior of inferior note, 


XII. THE ILIAD. 


So Hector gave command: and next to these 

Paris, Agenor, and Alcathous. 

Deiphobus and Helenus led on 

The third division, Priam’s noble sons, 

With Asius, valiant son of Hyrtacus, 

Whom the bright coursers of superior size 

From Selle’s stream and fair Arisbe bore. 

A&neas next, Anchises’ warlike son, 

Led on his martial bands; with whom advanc’d 

Archelochus and Acamas, the sons 

Of brave Antenor, skill’d in feats of arms: 

Sarpedon next led on the allies of Troy, 

With Glaucus and Asteropeus, chiefs 

Of high renown, and fam’d for martial deeds. 
And now with shields compact in firm array 

Onward they mov’d, with ardent courage fir'd, 

To storm the camp and burn the Grecian fleet. 

Thus Trojans and allies obey'd the voice 

And prudent counsel of Polydamas ; 

Asius, the valiant son of Hyrtacus, 

Alone refus’d to quit his glitt’ring car : 

Eager the foremost to pursue the foe 

Routed, and pour destruction on the fleet 


3 


Improvident ! nor might he thus avert 


[Impending fate; nor might the steeds, his pride, 


312 THE ILIAD. 


Convey him back to Ilium’s lofty walls, 

Slain by the spear of great Idomeneus. 

First to the left he steer’d his rapid course, 

Where to the camp and ships a portal stood 

Of access easy, open to receive 

And save the wounded or retreating foe. 

Thither he furious drove: his troops pursued 

And shouted loud, with ardent hope elate 

To slay the routed Greeks, and burn their ships. 
Unwisely! at the gates two chiefs they found, 
Sons of the Lapithe; Leonteus this, 

That Polypoetes nam’d, of matchless force ; 130 
Before the gate they stood. As lofty oaks, 

Pride of the forest, on the mountain’s brow 
Deep-rooted stand unmov'd amid the storm 

And tempest of the sky from age to age; 

So these, confiding in their hardy strength 135 
And prowess, stood unmov’d, and brav’d the attack 
Of Asius, whose confederate bands with shields 
Uplifted, to the wall shouting advane‘d ; 

Asius, Orestes, and Iamenos, 

(Enomaus, ‘Thodn, Athamas, their chiefs. 

The daring sons of Lapithz within 

The walls exhort the Greeks to guard their ships ; 


But, when advanc’d the foe, and tumult reign’d 


XI. THE ILIAD. 313 


And fear appall’d the Greeks, then forth they rush’d 
Undaunted, and alone sustain’d the war. 145 
As two wild boars, who in the mountain brave 
The hunters’ shouting and the cry of dogs, 
Obliquely rushing down the woody steep, 


Uproot the forest with their foaming tusks 


Champing, till, piere’d by numerous strokes, they 


die ; 150 
So on their breast sounded the shining brass 
Smote by the frequent spear ; so bravely dar’d 
The dauntless sons of Lapithzan race 
Encourag’d by their friends, who from the walls 
And battlements hurl’d show’rs of pond'rous stones, 
If haply they might guard their tents and ships 156 
From threat’ned ruin: thick as pelting hail 
Pour'd from the low’ring tempest on the ground, 
Borne by the force of winds ; so from each host 
The missive weapons pour, from frequent strokes 
Helmets and shields resound on every side. 161 
Then deeply groaning with indignant rage 
Thus Asius rash exclaim’d: “ And art thou false, 
““ Great Jove? for such I deem thee, since the foe 
Dare thus resist our arms. As wasps or bees 165 
‘ Which by some road have form’d their hollow 


nest. 


314 THE ILIAD. XIE; 


** And pour in numbers to defend their young ; 
*: So from the gate, disdaining base retréat, 
Two chiefs alone our numerous forces brave, 
Nor yield till slain or captur’d in the field.” 170 
Thus Asius spake: but not by words like 
these 
Was chang’d the mind of Jove, intent to give 
The honour of that day to Hector’s arm. 
Nor there alone, but at each several gate 
Conflicting arms engag’d, which to recount 
Were difficult, unless some pow’r divine 
The song inspire ; for through the whole extent 
Of wall the battle as consuming fire 
Rag’d, whilst by hard necessity impell’d 
The sorrowing Grecians guarded still their ships, 
And favouring deities their fate deplor’d. 181 
Now the dread Lapithe to battle mov'd. 
First Polypcetes pierc’d the brazen casque 
Of Damasus; the spear transfix’d the bone, 
Ent’red the brain, and staid his bold career: 185 
Pylon and Ormenos then breathless fell 
Beneath his sword. Leonteus through the belt 
Wounded Hippomachus; then rushing on 
The crowded ranks, first with his faulchion slew 


Autiphatus ; then Menon felt his force ; 190 


XII. THE ILIAD. 


Orestes next, and brave Iamenos, 


In quick succession dying, heap’d the plain. 


Whilst these victorious reapd the glitt’ring spoils, 


The braver Trojans crowded round their chiefs 
Polydamas and Hector, fully bent 195 
To force the pass and burn the ships with fire. 
Whilst yet debating at the fosse they stood 
Impatient for the fight, the bird of Jove 
Aloft in air between each host appear’d, 
Whose talons grasp’d a serpent’s scaly form 200 
Of size enormous, bleeding yet alive, 
And eager for revenge; with sudden turn 
Writhing its tortuous folds, beneath the breast 
It fix’d the wound: pain’d by the sudden stroke 
Before the Trojan chiefs he dropp’d his prey, 
And loudly screaming wine’d his rapid flight. 
Whilst each beholder terror-struck survey’d 
The speckled monster, signal of high Jove, 
Polydamas great Hector thus address’d - 

‘* Hector, my sentiments you often blame 210 
“* Though just and right ; yet would it ill become 
‘ A citizen in council or in war 

Other advice to give than what might aid 
‘ Thy ρον, and vindicate his country’s cause: 


So will I now declare what seemeth best. 215 


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316 THE ILIAD. 


No further let us urge this vain attack : 
Mark but the event. If, as I deem, the bird 

* Of Jove be sent a token to our host, 
Whose talons grasp’d ἃ serpent’s scaly form 
Of size enormous, bleeding vet alive, 220 
But dropp’d his prey ere at his nest arriv’d, 
Nor gave it to his young; so surely we, 
Though burst the solid gates and pass’d the wall 
By force superior, though repuls’d the Greeks ; 
Yet from the ships shall foul discomfiture 25 
By the same road drive back our routed host, 

‘ And many heroes fall beneath the foe 
Contending at the ships: who reads the signs 
This truth must know, and what he knows de- 

“ clare.” 
When Hector sternly thus: “ Polydamas, 230 

« ‘Thy counsel pleaseth not; thou might’st advise 
Far better; or if this thou deemest best, 

And spoken from the heart, some adverse god 
Hath of intelligence thy mind bereft. 

Wouldst thou that I reject Jove’s high behest, 
His nod propitious, his direct command, 236 

‘ To follow what: the devious flight of birds 
On airy pennons borne: I heed them not, 


Whether to hail the orient beam of light 


Xi, THE ILIAD. 


* Eastward they take their course; or to the west, 
To darkness and to night: we Him alone 
Obey who reigns o’er gods and men supreme : 

‘¢ One omen to defend my country’s cause 
My soul.acknowledgeth both first and best. 
What! dost thou dread the war? thou need’st 

“ς not fear: 245 

Though we all perish at the Grecian ships, 

‘ Thy coward heart will never dare the fight. 
Yet note it well: shouldst thou or fly thyself, 
By fancied omens led, or others move 

‘ To flight, this spear shall fix thee to the ground.” 
He spake, and led them on: with clamorous 


shouts 


They followed: when from Ida’s lofty top 


The mighty Thund’rer sent a chilling blast 

Full on the ships; the dust in whirlwind flew, 
And damp’d the spirit of the Grecian host: 

Whilst by the favourable omen led. 

The Trojan chiefs anticipate success 

And storm the wall. The lofty battlements, 

The massy piles displac’d on every side, 

In ruins fall. Nathless the Grecian host 260 
Maintain their ground, and by their orbed shields 


Protected, from the wall repel the foe: 


Pe Sahl et SSNS PNT ap πανυτοσο, τοτυτγουοσαγρις ee emia αν »" ν 


318 THE ILIAD. 


Each Ajax rallies, and from tow’r to tow’r 

Their courage rouses, and exhorts to arms 

Or by persuasive words or threats severe - 265 
“ Brave Grecians, ye who most excel in arms: 
And ye, since various are the gifts of heav'n, 
Who fill the humbler walks, most urgent need, 
As well ye know, demands the aid of all - 
Here then defend your ships, nor once look back: 
Right onward press the foe, with one consent 270 
Uniting: yet again propitious Jove 
May crown ou: efforts with desir'd success, 
And drive our enemies again to Troy.” 
Thus they the Greeks exhorted to the ficht. 275 

As when great Jove prepares the winter’s storm 

Of snow, thick flakes on every side descend, 

The weapons of the god; and every wind 

Is hush’d asleep; the lofty mountain top, 

Each craggy summit, each projecting rock, 280 

The fertile plain and cultivated fields 

Are cov’red o’er; each port and winding shore, 

All but the wasteful] ocean, when the storm 

Of angry Jove frequent and thick descends: 

So flew from either host thick show’rs of stones, 285 

From Trojan now, and now from Grecian hands 


Thrown vehement; and noise and tumult reien’d. 


XII. THE ILIAD. 319 


Nor then had Hector burst the pond’rous gates 
And massy bars, but that all-pow’rful Jove 
Inspir’d with martial flame his godlike son 290 
Sarpedon to attack the Grecian wall : 
Forthwith his shield he high in air advanc'd, 
Of curious workmanship, whose brazen folds 
Thick hides inclos’d, whose orb with studded gold 
Encircled shone, high polish’d, beautiful, 295 
W rought by no common hand ; then onward mov'd 
Grasping two spears. As from the mountain's brow 
The famish’d lion to the plain descends 


Dauntless, by hunger urg’d to boldest deeds ; 


Now tries the stall, though herdsmen arm’d appear, 


And dogs and weapons guard the shelt’red herd, 301 
Yet doth he scorn retreat, nor quits the stall, 
But or the fence o erleaping, rends his prey, 
Or wounded in the dangerous conflict dies: 
Urg’d by the love of fame, by glory fir'd, 
Divine Sarpedon then the wall attack’d, 
Eager to storm the breach, and thus bespoke 
Glaucus, the son of brave Hippolochus : 

“* Why, Glaucus, do we hold the foremost seats 
“ And highest honours at the festive board ? 310 
© The choicest viands and the flowing cup 


* in Lycia? why as gods admir’d by all? 


320 THE ILIAD. XH 


“ And large possessions hold by Xanthus’ stream, 
“ Fertile in vinyards and the yellow crop 

“ Of golden Ceres? It behoves us then 315 
« As chiefs in Lycia to excel in fight, 

“ And foremost dare the dangers of the field ; 

“ς That all amongst the Lycian bands may say, 

“ «Our chiefs deserve those honours they receive, 

“ «Nor feast inglorious at their country’s cost, 320 
“ <Quaffing rich wine, but dare the battle’s rage, 

“ «ἴῃ honour first, and first in deeds of arms.’ 

“ Might we, my friend (escap'd this dang’rous war), 
“ Live privileg’d from age, and be as gods 
“ Immortal, I should not thus rashly fight, 325 
“ Nor urge thee to this hazardous emprise ; 
« But now, since thousand deaths on every side 

‘ Encompass us around, which or to fly 

Or to avoid is not for mortal man, 

Let us advance, and glory be the prize.” 

Thus spake the chief; nor Glaucus disobey d, 
But onward led the numerous Lycian bands : 
Whom when Menestheus, son of Peteus, saw, 

(For to his post direct they bent their march,) 
With fear assail’d he turn’d his eager looks 
If haply he might find some warrior chief 


¥ εἶ Tas ra y=) iy » 
To aid the doubtful war and check the foe. 


ΧΙ. THE ILIAD. 


The valiant son of Telamon he saw, 

And Teucer ; yet to call them was in vain: 

So great the noise, such shouting rent the air, 340 
And shields and helmets from the frequent stroke 
Of spears resounded: so at every gate 

The conflict dire prevail’d; so press’d the foe, 
Eager on every side to force their way, 

And entrance gain; when to Thodtes thus 345 
Menestheus spake: “ Hasten with speed and call, 
“ O blameless herald, either Ajax here: 
Urgent the need, for this way tends the foe, 
And havoc is at hand; the Lycian chiefs 


This way tumultuous march as heretofore 50 


With force impetuous, eager to engage: 


But, should the conflict there demand their stay, 


Let Telamonian Ajax lend his aid, 


* And Teucer skill’d to aim the fatal shaft.” 355 
He spake: Thodtes hast’ned to obey, 


And thus the Telamonian chief address’d : 


“ Illustrious warrior, bulwark of our host, 

Brave Peteus’ son Menestheus craves your aid 
At yonder tower to repel the assault : 

Urgent the need, for thither tends the foe, 360 
And havoc is at hand; the Lycian chiefs 
Thither as heretofore tumultuous march 


Y 


322 THE ILIAD. 


“ With force impetuous, eager to engage: 
“ But, should the conflict here your stay demand, 
“* Let Telamonian Ajax thither go, 565 
«© And Teucer, skill’d to aim the fatal shaft.” 

He spake: nor Ajax disobey’d his voice, 
But to Oileus’ son these words address’d: 
“* Ajax, do you with Lycomedes here 
“ The Greeks encourage, and maintain the fight ; 
“ I yonder go to aid the doubtful war ; 371 
“ The foe repuls’d I will again return.” 

Thus saying he departed, and with him 
Teucer (whose well-wrought bow Pandion bore), 

A grateful succour to the wearied troops 375 
With Mnestheus, at whose post sore press’d they 
fought. 

The Lycian chiefs, impetuous as the storm, 
Scal'd the high battlements, and. urg’d the assault 
With furious onset and the shout of war. 

First with a stone of more than common size 380 
Ajax Epicles slew, Sarpedon’s friend ; 

A fragment of the wall; scarce from the ground 


The strongest youtli in these degenerate days 


Might raise the cumbrous mass: high pois’d in air 


He bore aloft, then hurl’d. it on the foe, 385 


Whose casque receiv'd, nor might sustain the force, 


XII. THE ILIAD. 


In pieces crusht, it mash’d the bone within ; 

And, as a diver, from the tow’r he fell. 

Then Glaucus, son of brave Hippolochus, 

By ‘Teucer wounded, from the fight withdrew ; 390 

When rushing to the wall the barbed shaft 

Piere’d through his arm: back from the wall he 
leap’d 

Unnotic’d, lest the foe should insult add 

And boasting words. Yet-did Sarpedon grieve, 

His friend thus wounded: nathless he renewd 395 

The conflict, and Alemaon with his spear 

Transfix’d: headlong he fell, his armour rang. 

Nor staid Sarpedon, but with utmost strength 

Grasping the embattled wall, forthwith he drage’d 

The cumbrous ruin smoking to the ground; 400 

The wid’ned breach appear'd: there Ajax staid, 

And Teucer, his assault, with spear and shaft; 

This through the well-wrought belt, (but Jove his son 

Protecting sav'd, nor suff’red at the ships 

To fall,) that on his orbed shield with force 405 

Great Ajax smote, and staid his fierce attack ; 

He ceas’d awhile, yet did he scorn retreat, 

For glory led him on, but thus his troops 

Exhorted: “ Do ye then remit the fight, 

“Ὁ Lycians! and to me alone consign 


Y2 


324 THE ILIAD. 


“ The perilous emprize to force a way 
“ Fen to the.ships? then follow where I lead: 
“ ‘Where numbers aid, the work succeedeth best.” 
He spake: the Lycians shouting press’d around 
Their chief; nor less the Greeks within the wall 
Their force collected : arduous was the fight; 416 
For neither might the Lycians to the ships 
A passage gain, nor might the Greeks repulse 
The Lycian phalanx to the wall δάνδης ἃ. 
As when two men, tenacious of their right 420 
(Their measure and their tallies in their hands), 
In common field dispute the unsettled claim, 
And for small portion earnestly contend : 
So at the wall conflicting hosts engag’d, 
The battlements dividing each from each. 425 
Corselets and shields and helmets from the strokes 
Resounded ; blood on every side appear'd,— 
Or where retreat stain’d with disgraceful wound, 
Or through the opposing shield the weapon flew 
Resistless in its course: with blood the tow'rs, 430 
With blood the battlements are cov’red o'er, 
And Greeks and Trojans equal loss sustai 
As when some poor but honest hand suspends 
The levell’d scales and weighs the fleecy yarn, 


The daily task, the careful matron’s work, 


- 


ΧΙ, THE ILIAD. 325 


Whose labour thus her children’s wants supplies ;— 
So doubtfully the fight suspended stood, 
Nor either host prevail’d : when mighty Jove 
To Hector gave the glory of the day, 
To force the barrier and to burst the gates, 440 
Who thus his troops encourag’d to the assault: 

“ Now warlike Trojans, to the breach once more! 
“<< Now break we through, and burn their ships with 

** fire 

“ Unquenchable!” He spake, and led them on: 
Encourag’d by his words, in close array 445 
Right on they march’d, and with uplifted spears 
The battlements assail’d, and scal’d the wall. 

Then Hector seiz’d a stone of wondrous size, 
Rough, pointed, craggy, near the gate it lay; 
Not two the strongest swains might from the ground 
With ease uplift and place it on the wain 451 
As men are now; he rais’d it high in air, 


For Jove had made it light; the shepherd thus 


Bears the rich fleece with ease, nor feels its weight: 


So Hector to the well-constructed gates, 455 
Whose massy bars with double bolt secur’d 

The lofty portal, bore the enormous mass 
Advancing near, then with collected force 


Straining each nerve discharg’d the cumbrous load. 


326 THE ILIAD. XII, 


Riv’n by its weight the solid planks gave way, 
The brazen hinges burst ; within the gates 461 
Borne by its force the craggy ruin fell. 

Then Hector, dreadful as the shades of night, 
Rush’d through the: breach, from his resplendent 

arms 
Of polisht brass blaz’d terror and dismay ; 465 
Two spears aloft he bore; nor less than gods 
Had check’d his course, so fierce his eye-balls glar’d; 


Then bade advance his host and ‘scale the walls ; 


They o’er the battlements or through the gate 


Obedient to his voice rush’d on amain. 470 4 ΡΟΝ BT 


ὰ - 1 RICHARD TAYLOR anv CO., 
The routed Greeks retreated to their ships ; 4 ee ee 


Tumult and noise, and shouting rent the sky. 


END OF THE FIRST VOLUME. 


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THE 


ILIAD OF HOMER. 


THE 


ILIAD or HOME R, 


TRANSLATED 
INTO 


ENGLISH BLANK VERS E 


By tHe Rev. JAMES MORRICE, A. M. 


LATE STUDENT OF CHRIST CHURCH, 


OXFORD, 
RECTOR OF BETSHANGER 


» IN THE COUNTY oF KENT, 


AND VICAR OF FLOWER, NORTHAMPTONSHIRE. 


chennai so τ 


IN TWO VOLUMES. 


London ; 


PRINTED FOR JOHN WHITE, FLEET STREET, 


LOR AND CO., SHOE LANE. 


SSRI, 


1809. 


EY RICHARD TAY 


THE SECOND VOLUME. 


BOOK XIII, 


= 
Nerrone, unobserved by 


Jupiter, aids the Grecians. 


BOOK XIV. 
Agamemnon reproved by Uly 


sses.—-Jupiter deceived 
Juno. 


BOOK ΧΥ, 


Jupiter displeased gives Succeg$ to the Trojans, 


BOOK XVI. 


Patroclus repulses the Trojans—Is slain by Hector. 


BOOK XVII. 


Grecians and Trojans contend for the Body of Patroclus. 


BOOK XVIII. 
Achilles.—Description of his Armour. 


BOOK XIX. 


Achilles renounces his Anger—Arms to Battle. 


BOOK Xx. 
Favouring Deities descend in Aid of Grecians and Trojans. 


VOL. 11. a 


CONTENTS. 


BOOK ΧΧΙ. 
The Labour of Achilles at the Banks of Xanthus. 


BOOK XXII. 


Achilles pursues Hector round the Walls of Troy. 


BOOK XXIII. 
The Burial of Patroclus.— Funeral Games. 
BOOK XXIV. 


7 ee ἢ : 
Achilles restores the Body of Hector to Priam. 


THE 


ILIAD, 


BOOK ΧΙΗ. 


Wen Jove the Trojans and their mighty chief 
Had to the ships impell’d, there to endure 
The dang’rous conflict and the toils of war; 
To Thracia’s fertile land he bent his view, 
Where the Hippemolgi and the Mysians 
Securely dwell, for temperance far fam’d 
And justice, and unusual length of days: 
Nor turn’d his eyes to Troy ; nor could he deem 
The gods, unmindful of his high behest, 
Would or the Trojans or the Grecians aid. 
But Neptune on a lofty mountain’s brow 
In Samothracia sat, where o’er the deep 
The lofty forest neds; Ida from thence, 
The Trojan city and the Grecian ships 
Appear’d in view : emerging from the sea 
There staid the potent god, with grief opprest 


VOL, 11, B 


2 THE ILIAD. 


And anger; at the sad discomfiture 
Of Greece indignant, and the partial aid 
Of Jove supreme: he saw, nor view’d in vain 
The battle’s rage, and Jove’s averted eyes. 20 
Then from the steep descending, on he mov’d ; 
The forest trembled and the mountain shook 
Beneath his feet: right onward thrice he strode, 
The fourth at Auge rests: in the deep bay 
His glitt’ring palace stands, incorruptible, 
With gems and gold inlaid: thither arrivd, 
He to the chariot yok’d his foaming steeds 
With brazen hoofs, and manes waving with gold. 
Now clad in arms of gold he mounts his car, 
And speeds his course o’er ocean’s swelling flood; 31 
Around their monarch, from the deep abyss, 
Huge whales rejoicing sport in mazy rounds ; 
As o’er the gladd’ning surface of the deep 
The chariot glides the parting waves among, 
Unting’d the axle: such the rapid flight 
Of steeds immortal to the Grecian ships. 
Near Tenedos and Imbrus’ rocky shore, 
Deep in the bosom of the wat ry main 
A spacious cavern lies; there Neptune staid 
His coursers, from the rapid car unloos’d ; 


They with ambrosia fed, and tied with chains 


XIII. THE ILIAD. 


Of cold inc} οἰ aE late 
f gold indissoluble, wait their king, 
Who to the Grecian army bent his way. 
Like fire the Trojans =" 
e the Trojans, or the gath’ring storm, 


>, ; ; : : 
Round Hector pour'd, shouting; to burn the ships 


Impatient, and the fouted Greeks destroy, 46 
When Neptune rising forth from Ocean’s bed, 
In shape and voice like Calchas, thus the chiefs 


Of Greece address’d : 


ge 


ec 
Brave sons of Telamon, 
Now be your courage rous’d, nor think of flight : 
Time was when | despis'd the force of Troy, 51 


Though storm'd our wall; for Grecia soon had 


** check’d 


€¢ 


Their onset fierce: but now my fears forebode 
ςς . . Φ i 
Some great disaster: like devouring flames 


“ἢ ! 
ector leads as ὶ 
or leads on, boasting descent from Jove. 55 


ar ne Oe ; : 
Oh! might some deity your minds inspire 
€é ee ᾿ 
Firmly to stand, and bravely dare the foe 
, . 
ςς Γ 7 ᾿Ξ co Η͂ - Φ . 
Then might you drive him, furious though he be 
ςς τ ν £. m i ᾿ 
Back from your ships, though ure’d by 


“ self.” 


Jove him- 


Thus Neptune; and each breast with courage 
S 


fir’d, 60 
And with his potent sceptre’s magic touch 
Imparted strength and vigour to their limbs : 

As when the falcon from some lofty crag 


B 2 


4 THE ILIAD. 


With rapid flight pursues his timid prey 


J rond’ring chiefs. 66 
So Neptune rushing left the wond'’ring cl 


When Oileus, not unconscious of the god, 
Ajax address’d: “ Some heav’nly pow’r benign, 
« In form like Calchas, bids us guard our ships ; 
No mortal this, 1 knew his parting step 
A god confess’d: his energy divine - 
With more than mortal courage fires my soul. 
To whom the mighty Telamonian chief: 
I too with renovated force thus grasp 
My spear exulting ; vigour steels my arm, 
And courage fills my breast: O might I meet 3 
And combat now the boasted chief of Troy’’ 76 
Thus spake they ; eager for the dreadful fight, 
For Neptune them inspir'd. Then to the rear 
To rouse their drooping spirits mov’d the god, 
They at their ships, with heavy toil fordone, 80 
Rested their weary limbs, opprest with grief 
To see within the wall the Trojan host 
Victorious: at the sight tears fill’d their eyes, 
Despairing of escape: them Neptune saw, 
Their spirits rous’d, and arm’d them to the fight. 85 
Teucer he thus address’d, and Leitus, 
Peneleus, Thoas, and Deipyrus, 


Meriones and brave Antilochus, 


XIII. THE ILIAD. 5 


And thus encourag’d : “ Shame, O Grecians' shame; 
“ You on whose valour to defend our ships 90 
“ I trusted most; should you the contest shun, 
“ Then are we lost indeed* and Troy exults 
In our disgrace. This day, this fatal day, 
' The Trojan conquers ; with astonishment 
I see, what otherwise all belief had pass’d, 95 
‘ Those at our ships, who whilom like the deer 
Trembling the woods among, or to the lynx 
Or spotted pard, or the voracious wolf, 
An easy prey resistless yield their lives, 
Nor dare the contest. Thus the Trojan host 100 
Erewhile the battle shunn’d, nor with the Greeks 
Confronted dar’d the hazard of the war, 
Nor the dread onset for a moment stood. 
But now, far distant from the walls of Troy, 
F’en at our ships they brave the shock of arms. 
For this Atrides may be Justly blam’d: 106 
Yet do the Grecians merit deep reproach, 
Who will not, such their anger to their king, 
Or guard the ships or save themselves from death. 
What though Atrides be indeed to blame, 110 
And greatly too, in that he hath disgrac’d 
Achilles mighty chief, shall we be said 


Like cowards to desert our country’s cause ? 


THE ILIAD. 


Let us forgive; to noble minds alone 

Forgiveness doth belong; be then no more 115 

Remiss: it is not well that you, the best 

And bravest of our host, the conflict shun, 

I can forgive the coward when he flies, 

‘ As one beneath my notice; but for you! 

I feel unusual anger swell my breast, 120 
“ Nor call you men: soon will such conduct base 

On your devoted heads destruction bring. 

Be then alive to shame and to revenge; 

' For great the contest: Hector at the ships 

Now deals destruction ; levell’d to the ground 125 

Our gates and massy bars in ruin lie.” 

Thus Neptune rous'd the Grecians to the fight, 
Who, rallying round their chiefs, in dread array 
Stood firm; nor had Minerva or the god 
Of war himself their martial order blam’d : 

For there the bravest of the Grecian host 

Waited the Trojan arms, and fierce attack 

Of Hector, valiant chief: so close their ranks, 

Spears, shields, and helmets clash’d, and man with 
man ; 

And nodding plumes the glitt'ring casques upon 135 

Wav'd numberless, and shed a fearful light : 


Each warrior grasp d his spear, and burnt for war. 


XIII, THE ILIAD: 


The Trojans onward rush’d, for Hector led 


To battle. From the craggy mountain’s side 

A fragment, loos’ned by the winter’s storm, 140 

Thus rolls precipitous, and thunders down 

The woods among, resistless in its fall ; 

The levell’d forest marks its wasting path, 

Till on the plain it stops, to roll no more: 

So Hector rush’d along, and to the sea 

And ships pursued his way, with fell intent 

And threat of slaughter: him the phalanx firm 

Check’d sudden, and with sword:and lifted spear 

Opposing, staid his desolating course ; 

When to the Trojans thus he loudly call’d: 150 
“Trojan and Lycian and Dardanian chiefs, 

“ Stand firm ; they may not long resist my force 


ες Though form’d their phalanx like a tow’r in 


eo 


strength ; 
This sword shall cause retreat, if, as I deem, 
Great Jove himself hath arm’d me to the fight.” 
Thus he their courage and their strength renew’d, 
Foremost of these, of Priam’s royal race, | 
Protected by his shield, in martial guise 
With hasty step Deiphobus advance’d. 
Him with his spear Meriones assail’d, 160 


Nor miss’d his aim, but smote his orbed shield ; 


: THE ILIAD. 


The shiv’red lance fell useless to the ground : 
Deiphobus with shield projected shunn’d 

The well-aim’d lance of brave Meriones, 

Not without fear. Meantime the Grecian chief 165 
Retir'd indignant; broken short his lance, 

And lost his hope of vict’ry and success : 

Then to the ships and tents he hast’ned on 

For other arms, and a more certain spear. 

Eftsoons the battle and the din of war 170 

Increas’d. First Teucer slew the warlike son 
Of Mentor, fam’d for breed of gen’rous steeds ; 
In fair Pedeeum dwelt the ill-fated youth 
Imbrius, ere yet the Grecian ships arriv’d ; 
Medesicaste grac’d the warrior’s bed; 

Of Priam’s line, yet of ignoble birth. 

But when the fleet of Greece possess'd the coast, 
To Troy he hast’ned and with Priam dwelt, 

In honour great, and first in deeds of arms. 
Him Teucer overthrew; beneath his ear 
«The jav’lin ent’red; as some lofty beech 

He fell, which on the craggy mountain’s side 
The sturdy woodman levels to the ground : 
Thus Imbrius fell; his glitt’ring armour rang. 
The victor hast’ned to despoil the slain, 


But Hector’s spear forbade: this Teucer saw, 


XIII. THE ILIAD. 


And, quick retiring, shunn’d the fatal stroke: 
Amphimachus receiv’d the pointed steel ; 
Pierc’d through the chest he fell: the Trojan chief 
To spoil the son of Cteatus advanc’d ; 190 
When Ajax mterpos’d, and hurl’d his spear 
With more than usual force ; but clad in arms 
OF panoply complete, Hector receiv’d 
On his broad shield the Telamonian spear, 
Which ent’red not, yet check’d the hero’s force ; 
Who, quick retiring, to the victor foe 196 
The bodies and the spoil indignant left. 
The Athenian chiefs Mnestheus and Stichius 
Bore off Amphimachus, and Imbrius 
To Telamon's brave sons a prize remain’d. 

As two fell lions from the hunter's dogs 


T hrough the thick wood aloft in air convey 


The slaught’red goat; so these the lifeless corpse 


Of Imbrius, whose head the avenging’ stee] 
Of Oileus sev'red, anery for the loss 205 
Of brave Amphimachus, and παν] ἃ it down, 
Till at great Hector’s feet in dust it lay. 
Then anger seiz’d the monarch of the main, 
His grandson slain in battle: to the tents 


And ships he hast’ned to inspire the Greeks 210 


With courage, and to heap disgrace on Troy, 


10 THE ILIAD. 


flim met Idomeneus as from his friend 

He came, whom wounded his associates bore 

From the dread conflict. To the skilful aid 

Of hand medicinal he first consign’d 

His suff’ring friend, then hast’ned to the war. 

Him Neptune thus address'd, in voice and mien 

Like ‘Thoas most, Andremon’s warlike son 

Who reign’d o'er Pleuron and the rocky site 

Of Calydon, in honour and renown 

Preeminent: “ O brave Idomenens, 

“ Chief of the Cretan bands, where now the threats 
Which erst we pour d forth on the sons of Troy?” 
To whom Idomeneus: “ No blame ] deem, 

O Thoas, to our valiant chiefs belongs, 

Whom neither fear nor cowardice detains 

From this unequal contest; but the will 

Of Jove prevails, who here hath seal’d our doom. 
Yet, Thoas, since in war thou dost excel. 

And know’st firm courage to impart, and arm 230 
Whom most remiss you find, lead on to war.” 


When Neptune thus replied : “ Brave Cretan 
chief. 


8 hever may that man from Troy return, 


Sy τ ἡ ee ΒΝ. Ὑ ΒΡΙ ΈΡΡΌΡΝΝ 
But fall tO Vultures and to Gogs a prey, 


. = —  ΞΆΒΕΟΝ. al gia«, 4. Lo! Date ἢ 
V 20 ΟἿ Chis Signal day the pattie shuns 


XIII, THE ILIAD. 


“« ‘Then haste we on: arm, arm we to the fight - 


* United strength might nerve a coward’s arm ; 
“ But we are us’d to deeds of high renown.” 

Thus Neptune spake, and mingled in the war. 
Then to his tent advane’d the Cretan chief, 240 
And cloth’d in shining arms his warlike limbs ; 
Two spears his hand adorn’d- thus to the ranks 
Forth rush’d the chieftain - like the lightning’s 

blaze 
He shone, hurl'd by the angry hand of Jove, 
Signal to mortal man. with vivid ray 
Of woe portentous: thus resplendent shone 
The radiant armour of Idomeneus. 

Him met Meriones, his faithful friend: 

To the same tent he came, and sought a spear ; 
When thus Idomeneus: “ O Molus’ son, 250 
“ Companion of my youth, why hast thou left 
The battle’s rage: some wound severe receiv d, 
Or embassy to me, hath brought thee here, 
Impatient as I am to join the war.” 
Meriones replied: “ Brave Cretan chief, 255 
I come if thou perchance canst lend a spear ; 
uine hath fail’d, the point short broken off 
Against the shield of proud Deiphobus.” 


To whom Idomeneus: “ Within my tent 


12 THE ILIAD. XIII. 


Twenty or more there stand against the wall, 
The spoil of Trojans slain: Iam not one 
Whom distant fight delighteth, but close war ; 
‘ Thence spears unnum’bred in my tent, and 
** shields, 
Helmets and corselets, glitt’ring to the sun.” 


To whom Meriones: “ I at my tent 265 


And ships have many spoils from Trojans slain, 


Too distant now; for not remiss in arms, 
Foremost I brave the dangers of the field: 
Though not to all the Grecian chieftains known, 
To thee approv’d | boldly may appeal.” 
“1 know thy courage well,” the chief replied ; 
Name it no more. Should now the Grecian chiefs 
Appoint some dread and dang’rous ambuscade, 
(For there man’s courage may be chiefly tried, 
And or the brave or coward must appear; 275 
This trembles evry limb, oft shifts his place, 
Of mind unsteady, whilst his cheeks now pale 
Now red bespeak the terror of that heart 

“ Which palpitates within, and quiv ring jaws 
Betray the fears which shake his inmost soul : 
Not so the brave, unmovwd amid the storm 281 
Of war he sits, and for the combat burns :) 


Not even there might you incur reproof. 


THE ILIAD. 13 


** And shouldst thou fighting bear some wound se- 
** vere, 
* Not in thy back, not in thy neck behind 288 
‘* Enters the hostile spear: thy manly chest 
“* Still pressing on the foe, the point receives, 
““ But why thus waste our time in idle talk, 
“< Lest we, and justly too; much censure meet ? 
“ Go then, and take that spear which best may 
“ suit.” 290 
He spake: Meriones like Mars advanc'd, 
And, taking from the tent a well-wrought spear, 
Follow’d his friend and hast’ned to the fight. 
And as destructive Mars to battle moves 
With Terror by his side, his dauntless son, 298 
Of force the bravest hero to appall ; 
From Thrace they come all arim’d, or to assist 
The Phlegyan forces, or the Ephyri; 
Deaf to entreaties, neither side they hear, 
But leave to chance success, or foul defeat : 300 
So mov'd the Cretan chiefs to join the war. 
When thus Meriones: “ Or on the right, 
“* Or in the centre wilt thou we contend; 
“ Or on the left, where most they need our aid, 
““ If aid indeed they want to check the foe?” 30% 


Idomeneus the Cretan chief replied : 


THE ILIAD. XIII. 


Others there are who may the centre guard; 
The son of Telamon, and Teucer’s might, 
Skill’d above all the Greeks to aim the shaft : 
Nor less approv’d in the close ranks of war, 310 
And stationary fight: these well may check 
The daring son of Priam, though endued 
With strength superior; arduous were the task 
For Hector’s self to vanquish men like these, 
And burn our ships, unless Saturnian Jove 315 
Hurl down from heav’n his own vindictive fire: 
For not to man whom earth with food sustains, 
Whom steel may pierce, or rocky fragment crush, 
Will Ajax yield; not e’en to Peleus’ son 
Contending in the ranks, but far less swift. 320 
Then on the left let us resume the fight, 
And death or glory be our just reward.” 
He spake: like Mars impetuous to the ranks 
Meriones led on, and join’d the war: 
Whom when the Trojans thus advancing saw, 325 
In burnisht armour like a flame of fire, 
Encouraging each other on they came. 
Severe the conflict at the ships, each side 
For victory contending. As when blasts 
From adverse quarters strive for mastery, 330 


Sweeping the plain when dust encumbers most 


XIII. THE ILIAD. 


The ways, thick clouds aloft in air ascend: 

So rag’d the fight contending hosts between, 

On mutual slaughter bent; the sharp’ned spears 
In dread array spread terror all around; 335 
The sudden blaze, from helmet and from shield 
And polisht corselet, dazzled every eye 

As on they mov’d: he must be bold indeed, 

Who could, unshaken, view the dreadful fight. 

Thus the discordant sons of Saturn rais’d 340 

Contention fierce, and heavy griefs prepar’d 

For bravest chiefs on either side array'd: 

To Hector and to Troy great Jove inclin’d, 

In honour of Achilles ; yet he meant 

Not to destroy the Grecian host, but check 345 
Their arms, and glory give to Thetis’ son. 

Neptune meantime, from forth the wat'ry main 

Emerging, urg’d the Grecians to the fight, 
Indignant that the partial will of Jove 

Gave Troy success: from the same parent sprung, 
Priority of birth, and wisdom’s lore, 351 
To Jove in heav’n supremest pow’r assign’d ; 
Therefore in form disguis’d, with secret aid, 
Neptune the Greeks inspir’d: thus heav’nly pow’rs 
Stretch’d o’er each host the indissoluble chain 355 


Of discord fell and agonizing war, 


16 THE ILIAD. 


Now far advane’d a veteran in arms, 
Idomeneus rush’d on the Trojan host, 
And terror spread around. Othryoneus 
He first o’erthrew, who from Cabesus came 


With thirst of martial glory, and by love 


Impell’d of fair Cassandra: wondrous things 


He promised ; to drive again from Troy, 
By force of arms, the warlike host of Greece, 
Priam consented, and: his choice approv'd. 
Othryoneus, with splendid hopes elate, 
To battle mov’d: him with his well-aim’d spear 
Idomeneus assail’d, and through his mail 
Infix’d the dreadful wound ; prostrate he fell, 
His armour rang. When thus in taunting mood 
Idomeneus: “ Well hast thou then perform’d 371 
“ Thy boasted promise to the Trojan king ; 
“ Cassandra thy reward! Hear then from us 
' Such terms, Othryoneus, as well might claim 
Attention, which we surely will perform ; 375 
‘ Great Agamemnon’s daughter we will give 
To thee in marriage, if thou wilt o’erthrow 
And raze the walls of yon proud city Troy: 
Come then, and at the ships let us arrange 
The terms; no trifling dow’r we ask, or give.” 380 


Thus spake Idomeneus ; and through the ranks 


XIII. THE ILIAD, 
Drage’d by the feet Othryoneus. Forthwith 


Asius advanc’d, (near him his far-fam’d steeds 

The faithful charioteer attendant rein’d,) 

With eager haste to wound Idomeneus ; 

Who him preventing with his rapid spear, 

Beneath the chin infix’d the fatal wound, 

And pierc’d his throat; as some tall oak he fell, 

Or pine or poplar, which the woodman’s axe 

Falls on the mountain top, to be the mast 390 

Of some proud vessel: thus fell Asius, 

Close by his chariot and affright’ned steeds, 

Groaning, extended on the gory plain, 

His charioteer, with terror and dismay 

Astonished, stood motionless, nor dar’d 

Or to resist or fly: him with his spear 

Antilochus transfix’d ; the brazen mail 

Staid not the vengeful blow, headlong he fell ; 

The chariot and the steeds the victor’s prize. 
Griev'd for his friend Deiphobus advane’d, 400 

And at Idomeneus his javelin hurl’d: 

The Cretan hero saw, and shunn’d the blow, 

Protected by his shield of larger size, 

Fold within fold encircled, and with brass 

Embost; two braces on his arm upheld 405 

The cumbrous orb, which by the glancing spear 


VOL. Il. σ 


18 THE ILIAD. 


Struck lightly shrill-resoundeu ; nor in vain 

Flew the strong weapon from the warrior’s hand, 
But pierc’d Hypsenor, son of Hippasus, 

And stretch’d the bleeding chieftain on the plain. 
Deiphobus exulting, thus exclaim’d: All 
“ Not unreveng’d to Pluto’s gloomy realm 

“ Shall Asius descend ; to cheer his way 

“ To the dread portal, lo! a guide I send.” 

He spake: his boasting words the Grecians heard, 
Chiefly Antilochus; yet might he not 416 
His wounded friend neglect, but with his shield 
Protected: deeply groaning, to the ships 
Mecisteus and Alastor bore the chief. 

Nathless Idomeneus indignant burn’d 420 
With rage some Trojan chieftain: to o'erthrow, 

Or fall himself in his lov’d country’s cause: 

Then on Alcathous, Aisyetes’ son, 

He rush’d; Alcathous, to whose nuptial bed 
Anchises gave, the fairest of her Sex, 

Hippodamia, skill’d in every art, 

In beauty and in sense superior still, 

By her fond parents to distraction lov’d. 


Him by the spear of stern Idomeneus 


Neptune subdued ; .dimm’d were his radiant eyes, 


And petrified with fear his limbs, such dread 431 


XIII. THE ILIAD. 


The potent god inspir'd: unapt to fizht, 

Of flight incapable, like some tall tree, 

Some lofty pillar, motionless he.stood : 

The Cretan chief transfix’d his manly chest: 435 

The riven corselet yielded; in his heart 

The insatiable spear still quiv’ring stood, 

Still rankled in the wound; there spent its force, 

So Mars impetuous will’d; there check’d its speed. 
Exulting thus Idomeneus exclaim’d: 440 
Behold three slain for one; where now thy boast, 
Deiphobus? come now and try thy strength 
With me, who boast my high descent from Jove: 


“* Minos from Jove, from him Deucalion came ; 


** I from Deucalion, o'er the isle of Crete, 445 
Its cities and its warlike chieftains, king: 
From thence my vessels o'er the sounding main 
Hither convey’d us; to the Trojan host, 
To thee and to thy country fraught with death.” 
Thus spake Idomeneus ; but doubtful thoughts 
Perplex’d Deiphobus, or to retire 
And seek the aid of other Trojan chiefs, 
Or singly dare the dangers of the field. 
Thus he resolv’d to seek A.neas’ aid. 
Him in the rear he found; for jealousy 455 
Had plac’d him there, deserving higher rank, 

σ 2 


20 THE ILIAD. 


By Priam treated with neglect and scorn: 


Him near approaching thus the chief address’d : 


«< 7Eneas, great in council and in war, 
Now lend thy aid, if sorrow touch thy heart, 460 
And save Alcathous’ remains; for oft 
ς He hath attended thee in early youth, 
And cherish’d as his son with fondest care ; 
Him hath Idomeneus of life bereft.” 
He spake ; and rous’d the fury of his mind: 465 
7Eneas onward mov'd and sought the foe : 
Yet no unmanly fears the breast assail’d 
Of brave Idomeneus, but firm he stood. 
As the wild boar within the deep’ned glen 
Waits in his lone retreat the fierce attack A70 
Of hunters, undismay’d; high on his back 
The bristles stand erect, and from his eyes 
Fire flashes thick, whilst on the pointed rock 
His tusks he sharpens, and prepares the war. 
Thus stood Idomeneus, and brav'd the attack 475 
Of great Aineas; yet in prudence call’d 
Ascalaphus and brave Deipyrus 
To aid the fight; with these Antilochus, 
Meriones, and Aphareus, advanc’d ; 
Whom thus the chief address’d: ‘ Most valiant 


** friends, 480 


ΠῚ. THE ILIAD. 


Alone your aid I need; A®neas, chief 
Of high renown, hither impetuous moves, 
In manhood’s prime elate: O were our years 
The same, this day the contest should decide !” 
Thus spake Idomeneus: with one consent 485 
His friends advane’d, and clos’d their orbed shields 
In phalanx firm: then to the Trojan chiefs, 
Agenor, Paris, and Deiphobus, 
/Eneas call’d; for these a numerous host 
Obedient follow’d. As the bleating flock, 490 
Led by thie lordly ram, the fountain seeks 
From pastures fair, a secret joy pervades 
The shepherd’s breast ; Aneas thus rejoic’d 
By numerous forces join’d, who quick advanc’d 
With their long spears Alcathous around: 495 
The brazen armour rang on every side 
With dreadful din as the conflicting hosts 
In onset fierce engag’d: above the rest 
Two chiefs, Auneas and Idomeneus, 
Like Mars himself, to battle rush’d amain. 500 
But first AXneas hurl’d his pond’rous lance ; 
The Cretan saw, and shunn’d the fatal stroke ; 
Fixt in the ground the quiv’ring weapon stood, 
Thrown fruitless by no mean or feeble arm. 


Not so Idomeneus, whose vengeful spear 


22 THE ILIAD. XIII. 


(Enomaus pierc’d ; the point his corselet pass’d 

Incontinent, and through the ghastly wound 

His bowels gush’d; he fell, and grasp’d the dust. 
The victor from the slain his spear regain’d, 

The spoils forgoing, prest by numerous foes: 510 

No longer vigour brac’d the hero’s limbs, 

With years encumb’red; nor for quick retreat 

Nor sudden onset meet, in the firm ranks 

And stationary fight he sought renown. 
At him Deiphobus his jav'lin hurl’d, 

Slowly retiring (for with bitter hate 

He still pursued him), yet again he miss’d ; 

But smote Ascalaphus, the son of Mars: 

Th’ impetuous weapon pass’d his shoulder through: 

He fell, and dying grasp’d the gory dust. 520 
Nor yet had clamorous destructive Mars 

Heard that his son was in the conflict slain; 

High on Olympus, canopied with clouds 

Of golden hue, he sat amid the gods, 

Detain’d from war by mighty Jove’s decree: 525 

Still round Ascalaphus each host engag'd ; 

Deiphobus had seiz’d his glitt’ring casque, 

When like the god of war Merjones 


Leap'd on the foe and piere’d the warrior’s arm; 


Forth from his grasp, and sounding in its fall, 530 


XIII, THE ILIAD. 


The helmet dropp’d; when as a ravenous bird 
Meriones rush’d on and gain’d his spear, 
Then to the ranks retir’d: Polites’ care 
Led from the danger of the field the chief 
Disabled in his arm, and safely plac’d, 
Lifting with tenderness within his ear: 
His swift steeds bore him to the walls of Troy 
Deep groaning; from his hand fast flow’d the blood. 
Still rag’d the battle and the din of arms. 
Now rush’d AZneas on Caletor’s son, 540 
Brave Aphareus, and in his throat infix’d 
The deadly spear: with head reclin’d he fell, 
Bow’d by his pond’rous shield and helmet’s weight ; 
And bitter death in darkness clos’d his eyes. 
Antilochus on Thoon rush'd amain, 545 
Preparing flight ; fixt in his back the spear 
The leading vein arterial, which extends 
Thence to the neck, dividing cut in twain: 
Invoking aid in vain, headlong he fell. 
The victor hast’ned to despoil his arms ; 
Yet cautious, for the Trojans circling round 
Hurl’d on his massy shield the frequent spear, 
But pierced it not, for Neptune check’d their force, 
And midst a thousand darts sav’d Nestor’s son ; 


For never did he shun the num’rous foe; 555 


᾿ 


1 7 
| } 
4 
i ἦ 
ἑ 
"ἢ 
4 


24 THE ILIAD. 


Now in close combat, now in distant war 
Engag’d he fought, nor idly slept his lance. 

Him Adamas, the son of Asius, near 
Observing, fierce attack’d, and on his shield 
Smote vehement; but Neptune turn'd the point, 
Anxious to save; half in the shield infixt 561 
Like the sear'd stake remain’d, half on the eround 
Fell useless: Adamas in fear retird: 
When stern Meriones with well-aim’d spear 
Deep in his groin infix’d the dang’rous wound ; 565 
Fatal the place to miserable man: 
In bending posture to the spear he lean’d, 
Panting like some large beeve the hills among, 
Whom bound with cords the peasants drag with 

force 

Unwilling: thus he panted ; yet not long: 570 
The spear withdrawn life issued from the wound, 
And sudden darkness clos’d his eyes in death. 
Now on the temples of Deipyrus, 
With Thracian faulchion of superior size, 
Helenus smote; the riven helmet fell, 575 
And roll’d amid the throng, such force impell’d ; 
Some warrior found and seiz’d the valued prize ; 
The owner's eyes, meanwhile, are clos’d in death. 


Then Menelaus felt unusual erief, 


XIII. THE ILIAD. — 25 


Brandish’d his spear aloft and threat’ned death 580 

To Helenus, who now had drawn his bow: 

Thus both encownt’red; this with pond’rous lance; 

With arrow that. Atrides first receiv’d 

The barbed shaft, which from his corselet glane'd: 

As beans or vetches from the winnower’s fan 585 

Bound o’er the extensive floor, by wind impell'd, 

Or peasant’s force the spacious barn within; 

So from Atrides’ corselet, far away 

Bounding, the bitter arrow wing'’d its course. 

Not so the spear by Menelaus thrown: 590 

But through the hand it passd; and in the bow 

Of Helenus infixt the weapon stood : 

Quick he retir'd, writhing his hand with pain, 

Dragging the spear along: Agenor’s skill 

Remov’d the: weapon, and his hand releas’d, 595 

And bound with softest wool: a sling supplied 

Fit bandage, by his faithful servant borne. 
Pisander, by resistless fate impell’d 

To meet his death from Menelaus’ arm, 

To battle mov’d: when near advanc’d the chiefs, 

Atrides’ spear flew distant from the mark ; 601 

Forthwith Pisander on the brazen shield 

Of Menelaus smote, but piere'd it not, 


The shiv’red lance fell useless; yet he hop‘d 


Ι 
i 
᾿ 
' 


ENA R eae 


ee MN BO SRO TERI ες 


“Ὁ 
FE ey ung 


soem pnb hie eisai 


26 THE ILIAD. 


Success, and in that hope short time rejoic’d : 
Then Menelaus drew his glitt’ring sword, 
And leap’d upon his foe, who from beneath 
His shield the battle-axe with polish’d edge 
Sudden uprais’d (of olive wood the haft); 
Each aim’d no second blow: Pisander’s axe 610 
Descending rapid, sev’red from the casque 
The cone and nodding plume; Atrides’ sword 
Beneath Pisander’s forehead mash’d the bone; 
And from their sockets starting, on the ground 
His eye-balls-roll’d: backward he dying fell: 615 
The victor’s heel insults the expiring chief, 
Soon of his armour spoil’d, and bitter words 
The anger of Atrides’ soul express’d : 
“ Thus shall ye quit at length the Grecian fleet, 
Proud and insatiate as ye are of war: 620 
Perfidious race! still adding crime to crime, 
And heaping injuries on injuries; 
Nor fear the avenging hand of angry Jove 
For breach of hospitality, who soon 
Will to her deep foundation shake proud Troy. 
My treasures ye have stol’n, and robb’d my soul 
Of what it held most dear, my virgin wife: 
And now ye menace flames to burn our ships, 


And slaughter all our host ; yet shall ye cease 


XII. THE ILIAD. 


« All eager as ye are, and quit-the field. 
“ Great Jove! in wisdom above men and gods 
«© Pre-eminent, can such ills flow from thee, 

That thou shouldst gratify the pride of Troy, 

Of insolence insattate as of war? 

The festive dance, and harmony and song, 635 

Love, and sweet sleep, all bring satiety, 

However cherished ; yet strange to say, 

Troy is alone of war insatiate.” 

He spake; and from Pisander took the spoil, 
With blood distain’d: these to his friends consign’d, 
He in the foremost ranks resum’d the war. 641 

Harpaleon now, son of Pylemones, 

(Who with his father to the Trojan aid 

In fond affection came, but to return 

The Fates denied,) on Menelaus’ shield 645 
With sudden onset smote, yet pierc’d it not ; 
Then quick retir'd; but yet with cautious view 
The field surveying, fearful of attack : 

At him Meriones an arrow sent, 

Nor miss'd, but through his fank beneath the bone 
The bladder piere’d: extended on the ground 651 
Amidst his friends he lay a helpless worm ; 

His issuing blood bedew’d the dusty plain: 


Him in his car the Paphiagonian bands 


28 THE ILIAD. 


Uplifting ρίας ἃ, and back to saered Troy 

With grief convey’d; with bitter woe opprest 

His parent follow’d; no avenging hand, 

The son thus slain, might sooth a father’s breast! 
Paris enrag’d, his friend and former guest 

Thus slain, eftsoons his fatal shafts prepar'd. 660 
There was amongst the Greeks a valiant youth 

By name Euchenor, Polyides son, 

Seer of renown; in Corinth fam’d he dwelt 

For riches and for worth. He well aware 

That death awaited him, yet sail’d for Troy; 665 

For many times and oft his prudent sire 

Disease at home foretold, or at the ships 

Death from some Trojan hand: cautious he fought, 

But dreaded most the pains of sore disease ; 

When him the shaft beneath the jaw and ear 670 

Ent'ring, at once of light and life depriv'd. 
Still like devouring fire the battle rag’d : 

Hector meantime, belov'd of mighty Jove, 

Nor heard nor knew the slaughter of his host 

On the left wing engag’d; (for there had Greece 675 

Successful prov’d, such succour Neptune gave, ) 


But staid where first he burst the brazen gates, 


Routing the Grecian host: there his tal] ships 


Ajax, there his Protesilaus rang’d: 


XIII. THE ILIAD. 


Where. the low wall admitted least defence, 

There most of horse and foot the battle rag’d ; 

For the Boeotians, and Iaones 

Long-rob’d ; the Locrians and Pthians there, 

And fam’d Epeians, scarce restrain’d his course; 

Or caus’d retreat great Hector’s matchless strength. 
First in the van select Athenian bands, 686 

By Mnestheus valiant son of Peteus led, 

By Stychius, Phidas, and the enormous size 

Of Bias mighty chief: the Epeians next, 

Amphion, Drachius, and Meges led. 690 

Medon the Pthians, with Podarces brave, 

Commanded: Medon of ignoble birth, 

Son of Oileus; distant far he dwelt 

In Phylace (his friends and country left 

Through fear of Eriopis, having slain 

Her brother, exil’d by her vengeful rage) ; 

But brave Podarces from Iphitus sprang: 

These led the Pthians on, and at the ships, 

By the Beeotians join’d, sustain’d the fight. 

But Ajax Oileus, ever at the side 

Of the vast Telamonian chief, maintain’d 

The bloody contest.. As two sturdy beeves 

Form the deep furrow, through the stubborn glebe 


i 
᾿ 
Ϊ 
! 


30 THE ILIAD. XIII. 


Dragging the well-fram’d plough and pond’rous 
share, 

Large drops of sweat bedew their labouring brows ; 

The beam alone divides their equal toil, 706 

Whilst they adown the furrow'd land upturn 

The deep’ned soil, and labour through the field : 

Thus side by side the chiefs to battle mov'd; 710 

This by his friends attended, numerous 

And brave, who when fatigue his limbs assail’d 

The weight supported of his sevenfold orb. 

Not so Oileus’ son, whose warlike bands 

The Locrians, all unfurnish’d as they were 

With brazen helmets or with spear and shield, 715 

In distant fight engag’d, and in their bows 

And twisted slings confiding, with thick show’rs 

Of arrows or of stones assail’d the foe, 

And broke their ranks: those with their valiant 
chief 

Contending in the van, well arm’d for war, 720 

Staid Hector’s force; these in the rear conceal’d, 

The distant foe with missive weapons plied. 

Now from the ships with foul discomfiture 
The Trojan host had fled and sought their walls ; 


But thus Polydamas with counsel wise 725 


XIII. THE ILIAD. 31 


Hector address’d: “ Thou dost not, mighty chief, 

ς Oft listen to advice; glorious in. war, 

- The gift-of Jove, wouldst thou in knowledge 

** too 
All other men excel? That may not be 
That thou in all things bear pre-eminence: 730 
To one, superior courage in the field, 
So Jove ordains ; to other, dance and song 
And music’s pow’r is giv’'n; to a third, 
Reason and sense, the fairest boon of heav’n ; 
Which sheds extensive blessings on mankind, 735 
And nations saves: who feels it only knows. 
Hear then what I advise: The flames of war 
On every side encircle thee around : 
Since pass’d the wall the Trojans stand aloof; 
Though arm’d, inactive; others at the ships, 740 
O’erpow’r'd by numbers, scarce the fight main- 
ἐς tain. 
Sound then retreat, and summon all the chiefs 
‘ To council, and th’ important point discuss, 
Whether to rush impetuous on the fleet, 
Might Jove but grant success! or to retreat 745 
‘ Whilst yet retreat.is safe: 1 greatly fear 

Lest Greece with interest again repay 


Our yesterday's success: still at the ships 


32 THE ILIAD. 


“ That man insatiate of fight remains ; 
“ Nor long, if right 1 deem, will cease from war.” 

He said: his counsel Hector’s self approv'd, 
And, leaping from his car all-arm’d, thus spake: 

“ Polydamas, our chieftains here collect ; 

« T yonder go to issue due commands ; 

“ That done I straightway will return again.” 

He ended, and with hasty strides mov'd on, 
Conspicuous as the snow-elad mountain’s height, 
And rous’d the Trojan bands and brave allies, 

Who at his bidding, round Polydamas 
Concentrating their force, collected stood. 760 

Hector meantime pass’d on, and squght the chiefs 
Deiphobus and brave Hyrtacides, 

And Adamas, and princely Helenus. 

Some slain, some wounded fighting near the ships 
He found, or by the spear or distant shaft. 765 
Far on the left of the disastrous fight 
Paris he met, and with reproaches keen 
Vented his anger: “ Vain, effeminate 
** Deceiver, Paris! where are now the chiefs 


** Deiphobus and princely Helenus, 


εν 


And Adamas and brave Hyrtacides ? 


“ Or where Othryoneus ? now Ilium falls 


Ys 


And o’er thy head destruction low’ring waits ?” 


ΧΙΙ͂, THE ILIAD. 33 


Paris replied: “Since, Hector, without cause 
“ You blame, I may hereafter prove remiss ; 


““ Yet I dare boast a soul with courage fir'd ; 


“ For since you wag’d fierce battle at the ships 


** T have unceasing brav’d the Grecian arms. 
The chiefs you seek’ are slain, Deiphobus 
And Helenus excepted; these still live, 

But wounded and severely in their hands 
Have left the field: them Jove in pity sav'd. 
Lead then, I follow far as strength permits, 

‘ And where you bid advance, the combat dare ; 
"Tis not for mortal man to promise more.” 785 
Thus saying, he appeas’d his brother’s mind. 

Then where the hottest battle rag’d they went 
With hasty steps; there where Cebriones, 
Phalces, Orthzeus, and Polydamas, 
And Polypeetes, and Ascanius 
With Morys, sons of brave Hippotion ; 
Who in return for aid by Priam sent 
Erewhile, from rich Ascania came to Troy 
But yesterday ; to-day the battle join’d, 
Onward they mov’d. As when impending storms 


Of mighty winds descending from above 796 


Sweep o’er the earth, when Jove with angry arm 


Sends forth his thunder, and his lightning pours ; 
VOL, II, D 


834 THE ILIAD. 


The furious blasts upturn the foaming deep ; 

With fearful clamour waves o’er waves arise, 800 
Billows on billows roll, and burst upon the shore : 
So mov'd the Trojan host file after file 

Around their chief all-arm’d: Hector led on 

Like Mars destructive, and his shield advanced 


Before him, thick with hides and plated brass; 805 


Whilst from his glitt’ring casque the nodding 


plume 
Shook dreadful as he strode. Yet not for this, 
Nor all the terrors of the Hectorian spear, 
Did Grecia tremble: with intrepid mien 
Ajax advanc’d, and thus provok’d the war: 810 
ςς Come on then, thou who wouldst our host 
“ affright : 
¢¢ Skill’d in the battle, Jove alone we fear, 
ς Not thee, Hector, who now wouldst fain destroy 
“ς Our ships with fire: vain idle hope indeed ! 
‘ Know then, we will defend them to the last. 815 
ire that, yon city levell’d to the ground 
«ς Shall perish by our hands: not distant far 
‘© The day when thou, invoking heav’nly pow’rs 
To wing thy coursers with an eagle’s speed, 
‘ To Troy o'er yonder dusty plain shalt fly.” 820 


He spake: when high in air the bird of Jove 


XIII. THE ILIAD. 


Propitious wing’d his flight ; with loud acclaim 
The Grecians hail’d the sight: Hector replied : 
“ Why, Ajax, these vain words? or to what end 
« This idle boast? O might I but become 825 
«© The son of Juno and of Jove supreme, 
‘¢ As Phcebus and as Pallas be ador’d, 
“ Sure as this day to Greece destruction brings! 
“ Then shalt thou perish by this hand of mine, 
“ς If thou but dare abide my spear, which soon 830 
“ To the wild beasts and rav’nous birds of Troy 
“ς Thy carcase prostrate at the ships shall give.” 
He spake, and led the way: the numerous host 
With shouts applaud; the Greeks those shouts re- 
turn 


Exulting, and the onset fierce await : 835 


The din of war re-echoes to the’skies. 


; 
| 


<item gee, τρόμον. ἀμα ri κοντα τον 


THE. ILIAD: 


BOOK XIV. 


see 


Bor Nestor feasting in his tent perceiv’d 

A more than usual shout and din of war, 

And thus in haste: “ Divine Machaon, say 

<< ‘What may this mean; why this increasing noise, 


“« And at our ships? Do thou meantime with wine 5 


ὡς 


Thy soul refresh, whilst Hecamede the bath 


“* Prepares, to cleanse thy wearied limbs distain’d 


With blood; I go to learn what this may be.” 

Then arming with his son’s resplendent shield, 

(For with the father’s shield the son engag’d;) 10 

Grasping his spear, from forth, the tent he rush’d: 

Soon to his view the dreadful scene appear’d, 

The routed Grecians here: there the proud foe 

Tumultuous press’d and shouted in the rear, 

The rampart past, and levell’d to the ground. 15 
As o’er the black’ning surface of the deep 

A fearful silence reigns, of gath’ring storm 


Sure presage, when as yet to neither side 


The swelling surge inclines, till from above 


38 THE. ILIAD. XIV. 


Sudden the blast descends, and sweeps along the 
main : 20 

Thus doubtful counsel Nestor’s mind engag’d 

In deep suspense, whether to join the host 

Of Greece without delay, or to the king 

Atrides bend his steps: to this inclin’d, 

Onward he mov'd: meantime the battle rag’d 

With mutual slaughter; dire the clang of arms 

Conflicting, swords and spears and glitt’ring shields. 

Nestor just then the wounded chieftains met 

Returning from their ships: Atrides first, 

Ulysses and Tydides mighty chiefs ; 30 

For distant from the fight their ships were rang’d 

The strond along, and elaim’d the foremost place ; 

And at whose stern the Grecian wall was bunt. 

For the deep bay, capacious as it was, 

Yet could it not the Grecian ships contain : 

Tier above tier arrang’d they fill’d the shore’s 

Extensive mouth within the encircling capes. 
They, eager to survey the distant fight, 

Supported by their spears, with anxious steps 

And slow mov’d on, with bitter grief opprest : 

Them Nestor met; a sudden terror seiz’d 

Each chief; when thus Atrides silence broke: 


(ς » . δ 
Pride of our host, O venerable chief, 


χιν. THE ILIAD. 39 


«ἐ Why hast thou left the field? full much I fear 

«“ Lest Heetor now perform his daring threats 
(For such his public boast), not to return 
Again to Troy till he with fire should burn 
Our ships, and all our routed host destroy. 
Thus he; and much I dread the accomplishment. 
O heavns! sure other Grecian chiefs combme 
With Thetis’ son in anger to their king, 51 
Nor will the fight maintain, nor guard their 

“ς ships.” 
When Nestor thus replied: ‘“ That things are so 
We must acknowledge, nor can mighty Jove 
Other intend: behold our chief defence, 55 
The wall, is levell’d ; at our very ships 
They wage successful and unceasing war ; 
Nor may one well discern, such general rout, 
Such slaughter through our vanquish’d host pre- 
“ vails, 

Where most the sad disastrous tumult reigns. 60 
Consult we then, if counsel may assist, 
What may be done; all-wounded as we are, 
It were not well that we engag’d in fight.” 
Atrides thus return’d: ‘ Since at our ships 
They fight, nor has the fosse or wall avail'd, 65 


ς Built with much labour as our chief defence ; 


40 THE ILIAD. xIV, 


&¢ 


(ς 


Since Jove, it seems, in anger hath ordain’d 


That we must perish all-inglorious here, 


‘ Far from our native land; (for well I knew 


‘ When erst he seconded the host of Greece; 70° 


‘ But now this sad reverse I know, that these 


He honoureth as gods, but binds our hands, 
And fetters all our strength;) what then remains 
But this which I advise? Let us forthwith 
Those vessels which are nearest to the sea 


Launch in the deep and moor in safety there, 


Till sable night, unmeet for mortal works, 


Shall come, if then perchance the Trojans cease ; 
So may we save the rest: can we be blam’d 
Who fly from ills by night? better to fly 80 
And to escape, than stay to perish here.” 


For prudence fam’d, Ulysses thus replied 


Indignant: “ Whence disgraceful words like these? 


44 


ce 


O lost to shame! would heav’n some baser host, 
Not ours, thy will obey’d! for we are us’d 85 
From infancy to age, so Jove decrees, 

Or to endure or perish in the war. 


Why anxious thus to leave yon hated walls, 


‘ For which we have sustain’d such mighty ills ! 


O name it not, lest Greece affrighted hear! 90 


Such words become net him who bears command, 


XIV. THE ILIAD. Al 


“ And that command which Greece united owns. 


ge 


(( 


14 


The advice you give I strongly disapprove : 
For this thy words import; that we forthwith, 


Maugre the battle’s rage and din of arms, 95 


Our vessels launch into the sea; that Troy, 


Already too successful, may obtain 

The utmost of her wish: our host meantime 

Must perish to a man: our ships once launch’d, 

Would they, or could they dare the fight main- 
“ tain, 100 

Abandon’d thus? No, they would surely cease. 

Thy counsel, mighty monarch, is not good.” 

To whom Atrides: “ Thy severe rebuke 

Affects me much; yet not against their wills , 

Did I command the Grecians to prepare 105 

Their ships: who better counsel may suggest, 

Or young or old, that counsel I approve.” 


To whom illustrious Diomed replied : 


‘ That man is nigh, we need not long inquire, 


If you will hear; nor take offence that one 110 
So young presume to tender his advice. 
I boast a father virtuous and brave, 


Tydeus (in Thebes his sacred ashes rest): 


‘ Three sons of noble minds from Portheus sprang, 


Who dwelt in Pleuron and in Calydon ; 115 


42 THE ILIAD. 


« Melas and Agrius, and my father’s sire, 

“ (Eneus, of high renown: my father thence 

«© A wanderer removd, for so the pow'rs 

“ Of heavn ordain’d, and long in Argos dwelt. 

“ There he espous’d the daughter ofa king, 120 

‘¢ Adrastus nam’d; his house with plenty crown’d : 

“ Rich in possessions; fruitful fields, and flocks 

« Of sheep; extensive gardens largely stor'd 

ἐς With various plants : himself supremely skill’d 

“ Beyond all other Greeks to hurl the spear: 125 

“< But this I trust you know. Sprung then from 
“ him, 

Think not the words I speak of mean import ; 

Imperious necessity demands 

That we, severely wounded as we are, 

Yet to the field advance, not to engage 

In fight, lest we receive still sorer wounds ; 

Our presence may reanimate the rest, 

Who careless and remiss now stand aloof.” 

‘Thus Diomed: the chiefs his words approvd : 
Onward they mov’d, Atrides led the way: 135 
Not unobserv’d by ocean’s pow’rful god, 

Who near approaching im the borrow'd form 
Of wrinkled age, pressing the monarch’s hand, 


To king Atrides thus address’d his speech : 


ai THE ILIAD. 


« Now doth the vengeful soul of Peleus’ son 


Joy in our flight and sad discomfiture ; 


Such is the pleasure of a mind unsound ! 

ς Let him then perish with disgrace and shame. 

Yet not with thee, Atrides, are the gods 

So much incens’d, but that thyself shalt see. 145 

The Trojans scatt’red o’er yon dusty plain, 

Far from our ships, and flying back to Troy.” 

He spake; and rush’d impetuous to the field 
Shouting, loud as when host to host oppos’d 
Thousands with thousands:fight, and shout to war. 
Such was the voice of Neptune potent god 151 
Whose trident shakes the earth: each Grecian heart 
Fresh vigour felt, and panted for the fight. Ἶ 

But Juno from Olympus high enthron’d 
Look’d down, and thence survey’d the Trojan plain; 
There she beheld, and in the sight rejoic’d, 156 
Neptune exulting in the toils of war: 

But when apart, on Ida’s lofty top 

Cloud-capt, the pow’r of Jove reclin’d she saw, 
Grief with displeasure mixt her mind assail’d; 160 
When sudden thought how she might best deceive 
The mind of Jove rose in her anxious breast. 

Thus she resolv’d, on Ida to descend 


With every grace with every charm adorn’d, 


AA THE ILIAD. XIV. 


If love perchance might touch his sov’reign mind, 

And o’er his eyelids pour the balm of sleep. 166 

Then to her chamber, fram’d with wondrous art 

By Vulcan, who with bolts mysterious clos’d 

The secret doors impervious to the gods, 

She hast’ned, and the splendid portal shut. 170 
First in the lucid bath’s ambrosial flood 

Her radiant limbs she lav’d; then purest oil 

Gave polish to those limbs: anointed thus; 

And with choice gums perfum’d, whose balmy scent, 

When mov’d, pervaded earth and highest heav’n, 

She comb’d the flowing tresses of her head, 176 

And, braided in a mystic knot, confin’d 

With skilful hand: then o’er her shoulders threw 

Her mantle, workmanship divine with art 

Elaborate and rare; Minerva’s hands 180 

The wondrous texture wrought, whose flowing folds 

By clasps of gold collected on her breast, 

A zone with fringe of many-colour’d hue 

Embrac’d; the triple pendent drop adorn'd 

Her ears, and shed its brilliant lustre round; 185 

A veil her face conceal’d, resplendent white, 

Of newest form, and dazzling as the sun ; 

And last she on her feet the sandals bound. 


The goddess thus with every grace adorn’d 


XIV. THE ILIAD, 


Forth issu’d from her chamber full attir’d, 
And thus with Venus secret convetse held: 
ἐς Canst thou, dear child, perform a parent's 
ἐς wish, 
Though bound that parent to the Grecian cause, 
Whilst thou dost aid the arms of lofty Troy?” 


Venus replied: “ Goddess most venerable, 195 


Daughter of Saturn, if thy wish.doth stand 


Within the compass of my pow’r, say on.” 
Fraught with deceitful wiles and feign’d con- 
cern, 
Thus Juno; “ Give me then, I pray, that love, 
« That irresistible attraction give 00 
ἐς Which mortal and immortal minds subdues. — 
“J go to genial earth’s extremest bounds 
ἐς To visit Tethys and Oceanus, 
ἐς Parent of gods: from Rhea they receiv’d 
“ And kindly treated me in times of old, 205 


«< When Jove in anger hurl’d Saturnus down 


From heav’n, and whelm’d him under earth and 


“ς seas. 
To them I hasten, to compose those feuds 
Which have between them and their softer ties 
Long interpos’d, if haply 1 succeed ! 210 


Thus aided, it may chance persuasive words 


46 THE ILIAD. 


“ May all their fondness, all their love renew, 


ἐς And [ retain their kindness and esteem.” 

When Venus smiling: “ Ill would it become, 
“ Nor may I well refuse the wife of Jove, 215 
“ The partner of his bed who rules in heav’n.” 

She spake ; and from her bosom loos’d the zone 
With needle-work of curious art inwrought : 
There every thing which might the mind ensnare 
Was seen; there gentle Love and young Desire, 220 
And Converse sweet, and mild Persuasion there, 
Which might the most intelligent deceive. 

“ Take this,” she said, presenting with her 

hand 

Her various zone, “ and in thy bosom place ; 
“ So shall thy utmost wishes meet success.” 225 

She spake: Juno with smiles the gift receiv ἃ, 
And in her bosom plac’d the wondrous charm. 
Then Venus to the courts of heav’n return’d ; 
But Juno from Olympus’ lofty top 
Descending, o’er Pieria and the plains 230 
Of lov'd Emathia wing’d her rapid way : 
Now o’er the snow-clad mountains’ utmost height 
Of Thracia flew, nor touch’d them with her feet: 
From Athos next descending, o’er the sea 


To Lemnos’ isle she sped, where Thoas dwelt; 235 


XIV: THE ILIAD. AT 


There Sleep the goddess met, brother of Death ; 


She stopp’d and seiz'd his hand, and thus began: 


<< Sweet Sleep, whose power both gods and men 
““ subdues, 
If ever thou hast lent ἃ patient ear, 
Hear now, and grant my suit; nor shall [ prove 
Ungrateful: shed thy poppies o'er the eyes 241 
ς Of Jove when he shall lie by love ensnar‘d. 
A throne of gold, of workmanship divine, 
By Vulcan made, shall be thy just reward ; 
A splendid footstool shall that throne adorn, 245 
When at the festive board, to rest thy feet.” 
The god of gentle slumbers thus replied: 
Daughter of Saturn, goddess much rever'd, 
All other deities I might with ease 
Compose to rest, εἰδὴ Ocean’s swelling flood, 250 
Father of all; Jove I approach not near 
Unbidden, nor o’er him sweet slumbers pout. 
Once hath thy order wrought me woe severe, 
That day when the proud son of mighty Jove 
ς From Ilium sail’d (the Trojan city τὰ Ζ᾽ 8): 258 
Then circumfus’d I sooth’d his sov’reign mind 
‘ In balmy sleep; whilst evils you prepar ἃ, 
And with tempestuous winds uprais'd the deep, 


And drove on Coos’ isle his yielding barque, 


48 THE ILIAD. XIV. 


« Par from his friends. ‘Then Jove awoke enrag’d, 
“ And spread confusion through the courts of 
“ heav’n ; 261 
« But chiefly me he sought, and would have hurl’d 
ἐς Down headlong to the deep: all-conqu’ring 
«< Night, 
“ To whom I fled for succour, sav’d me then, 
« And sooth’d the Thunderer’s rage; for much he 
“ fear'd 205 
‘ To give her just offence. Can you again 
- Urge me his high displeasure to incur ἐ 
When Juno thus: “I pray you, gentle Sleep, 
Let not such thoughts your tranquil mind engage, 
Or think you Troy in equal favour stands 270 
ς With Hercules, his son, just cause of rage? 
But come, I'll give thee whom thy soul doth 
“ hold 
<¢ Most dear to be thy wife, Pasithea, 
<< One of the Graces: thou hast lov’d her long.” 
Well pleas’d such words to hear, Sleep answ red 
thus: 275 
“ς Swear then by Styx, th’ inviolable oath ; 
« Let thy right hand the teeming Earth embrace, 
« Thy left old Ocean’s flood, and all the gods 


‘© Beneath high heav’n where Saturn holds his reign 


XIV. THE ILIAD. Ag 


«: Beat witness, that in marriage thou wilt give 
ἐς Pasithea, whom long my soul hath lov'd.”” 

He spake; nor disobey’d the Queen of heav’n, 
By name invoking all the infernal pow’rs, 
Titanian call’d, in witness of her oath. 

This done, together they pursu’d their way 285 
O’er Lemnos’ isle and Imbrus’ lofty walls 
Involv’d in clouds and air? when now arriv'd 
On Ida’s mount, fruitful in numerous springs, 
Parent of beasts, they quitted Ocean's flood 
At Lectos, winging over land their way ; 290 
The lofty forest wav’d beneath their feet : 
There Sleep retir’d, and shunn’d the sight of Jove, 
Perch’d on a lofty pine of tallest growth ς 
Aspiring to the clouds; there close conceal’d 
By thickest boughs he sat, in form a bird 295 
Chalcis by gods, by men Cymindis call’d. 

But Juno to the top of Gargarus 
Pursued her way. Jove saw her near approach, 
Nor saw unmov’d: the sudden flame pervades 
His soul, as when united first in love 300 
By their fond parents unperceiv'd they met: 
Near her he stood, and thus by name address’d : 
« Where hastens Juno from Olympus’ height ? 
“© Where stand her horses and her glitt’ring car *” 


VOL. IL. E 


50 THE ILIAD.’ XI; 


When Juno thus, with well-dissembled speech : 
I go to genial earth’s extremest bounds 
To visit Tethys and Oceanus, 
Who kindly treated me in times of old: 
Thither I hasten to compose those feuds 
Which have between them and their softer ties 
Long interpos’d; if haply I succeed. 311 
My horses at the foot of Ida stand, 
Prepar’d to bear me over earth and seas : 
On your account I hither bent my way, 
Lest should I visit Ocean’s deep abode 315 
In secret, you might justly take offence.” 
Jove thus replied: “ Some other time, perhaps, 
May better suit; now rest we here awhile, 
And give this day to love and soft repose, 
Whose pow’r I now beyond example feel: 320 
For not Ixton’s wife so pleas’d my mind, 
Who bare Pirithoiis for wisdom fam’d ; 
Nor Danaé Acrisius’ daughter fair, 
Mother of Perseus most renown’d of men; 
Nor Phoenix’ daughter fam’d, who Minos bare 

‘ And Rhadamanthus: no, nor Semele 325 
Mother of Bacchus, joy of human kind ; 
Nor yet Alemene, though from her in Thebes 


Alcides sprang renown’d: not thus I lov’d 


XIV. THE ILIAD. 


“« Ceres, conspicuous for her golden hair ; 
“* Not fam’d Latona; not thy dearer self 
“ E’er warm’d my breast with such resistless flame.” 

Juno dissembling answ’red: “ Mighty Jove! 
“ ‘What hast thou said? Here in the face of heav’n 
“ On Ida’s mount love liketh not to dwell, 335 
“ Nor may abide the view of heav’nly ρον ; 
“ Who with reproachful looks might censure us 
“* And work me shame; that were indeed a fault. 
“ But and if such thy will and pleasure be, 
“ Thou hast a chamber fram’d by Vulcan’s art 340 
“ Secure and secret ; let us there repose.” 

When thus the potent deity replied : 
** Juno, fear not the view of gods or men ; 
“‘ Veil'd in impenetrableé clouds of gold 
“ Bright circumfus’d, not the sun’s piercing light 
** May enter and disturb our sacred rest.” 

Thus spake Saturnian Jove, and in his arms 
Juno embrac’d. Forthwith the genial éarth 
Glow’d with fresh verdure; lotus dew-besprent, 
The yellow crocus, and the hyacinth 350 
Soft clust’ring, spread their foliage underneath. 
There rested they in golden clouds involv'd, 

Fair to behold, and shedding lucid dew. 


Thus slept they on the top of Gargarus, 


E 2 


52 THE. ILIAD. XIV. 


Secure and undisturb’d. ‘Then tothe ships 355 
The god of sleep his silent way pursued, 


And Neptune thus in accents mild address‘d : 
< Now aid the Greeks, -and crown them with 


« success, 


« Though short perchance it be ;: whilst sleeps the 


“ powr 
“ Of mighty Jove, whom I have lull’d to rest, 360 


‘© And Juno hath with cunning: wiles deceiv’d.” 
Thus spake the god of sleep; then o’er mankind 
His wonted task resum’d. Neptune meantime, 
Still more intent to aid the Grecian arms, 
Leap’d forth and thus exclaim’d: “ Ο᾽ Grecian 
“ chiefs! 365 
And shall we thus the palm of vict’ry yield 
‘ To Hector, that he burn our ships with fire ? 
For thus he makes his boast, since Thetis’ son 
‘* In anger at our ships disdains the war : 
Nor shall we want his aid if we unite 
‘ In arms, and bravely dare the'foe resist. 
Hear then what'I advise: let us advance 
é Grasping our shields of more than common size; 
‘¢ Our helmets on resplendent, o’er our brows 
‘ Nodding terrific, with our longer spears 378 


‘ Each arm’d come on, and I will lead the way. 


ΧΡ. THE: ILIAD. 


“ Not Hector’s self, all-furious though: he be, 

“ Will wait the attack. ..Change then, ye brave, 
** your arms 

** If light ;: such only to the weak belong.” 

He spake: they heard him, and. his voice obey’d. 
The wounded. chieftains each the host array'd: 381 
Atrides, Diomed,,.and. Ithacus 
Inspecting, chang’d those arms they deem’d unmeet 
For braver hands, best:suited to the weak, 

Onward they march’d all-arm’d; stern Neptune led. 

His potent hand the mighty faulchion bore... 386 

Which like. the lightning gleam’d: none dar’d con- 
tend 

With him ;. and terror check’d each valiant chief, 

Hector meantime. array’d. the Trojan host. 

Here Neptune, Hector there, to battle mov'd 390 
With fierce contention, host opposing host, 

High swell'd the-sea the ships and tents among, 
What time each army: shouted to the war. 

Not so the billows thunder on the shore 
Upheav’'d on all sides, by the northern blast; 890 
Not such the noise of all-consuming fire, 

When the thick forest of the mountain burns: 
Not so, amidst the trees of largest growth, 


Roars the loud tempest in its utmost rage : 


54 THE ILIAD. 


As the dread clamour of conflicting hosts, 
The din of arms, and tumult of the field. 
Hector at Ajax first his jav’lin hurl'd, 

His near opposed foe; nor miss'd his aim, 

But on tlie belts which-his vast orb sustain’d 

And glitt’ring faulchion smote; yet ent’red not, 405 
Nor pierc’d the chief. . Hector forthwith retir'd, 
Indignant that his spear was thrown in vain. 

Him Ajax with ἃ stone of wondrous size 

(For on the strond, and us’d to moor the ships, 
Frequent they lay); one high in air he rais’'d 410 
And threw with vehemence: the cumbrous mass 
Descended on his breast, nor rested there ; 

But, twisted in its course, still roll’d along. 

As when the thunder-bolt of angry Jove 
-Uproots the blasted oak, thick vapours spread 415 
Sulphureous round ; the traveller aghast 

Starts, trembling at the fearful lightning’s blaze ; 
Thus sank great Hector on the dusty plain ; 

His spear fell useless from‘his hand benumb’d, 
Whilst by the weight of shield and helmet prest 
The hero fell-to earth: his armour rang. 421 

The Grecians shout, and rushing on the foe 


The frequent jav'lin hurl, intent to seize 


The wounded chief: yet might they not prevail, 


XIV. THE. ILIAD. 


Or further wounds inflict ;: the gath’ring chiefs 
Colleeted shield him. There Polydamas, 
/Eneas, and Agenor, brave in arms ; 

Sarpedon, Glaucus, and a numerous host 

With zeal protect him, and their shields advance. 

His friends meantime remov’d him from the field, 
Uplifting high, and in his chariot plac’d, 431 
Which in the rear stood ready with his steeds 
Swift-footed, and his faithful charioteer, 

Who him deep groaning back to Troy convey'd. 

And now arriv’d at Xanthus’ gulfy stream 438 
(Xanthus who boasts his high descent from Jove), 
There onthe margin plac’d, with water pure 
His fainting spirit they recall’d to life: 

He breath’d and look’d around, and on his knees 
Uprais'd discharg’d the blood coagulate ; 440 
Again he fainting fell, his eyes again 

In darkness swam, so vehement the blow. 

But when the Grecians saw.the chief of Troy 
Borne from the field, they rush’d with added force 
To battle. First the son of Oileus slew 445 
Satnius from’ Enops sprung: him Nais bore 
To Enops as on Satnios’ banks his herds 
He tended :. him the hero with his spear 
Piere’d through the flank; backward he fell to earth. 


Snumichaessomatianann, aneer arctontnne anreeae eee ee shane ean 


56 THE ILIAD. XIV. 


Round him the battle rag’d:: Polydamas 450 
First to revenge his death advanc’d, and: hurl’d 
His spear: through Prothoenor’s:shoulder pass'd 
The fatal point ; lifeless he grasp’d the dust. 
Polydamas exulting thus exclaim’d: 
“ Not from the son of Panthous flies the spear 
“ With unavailing force; some Greek receives 45 
“« The vengeful stroke, and:sinks to Pluto’s realm.” 
He spake: deep sorrow touch’d.each Grecian 
breast. 
But Ajax mighty Telamonian chief, 
Whom near he fell, indignant sought revenge, 460 
And aim’d at:the retiring chief his spear. 
Polydamas foresaw and shunn’d the stroke, 
Which brave Archilochus, Antenor’s son, 
Receiv’'d; for thus the Fates had:seal’d: his doom. 
Him in the spine the head: and neck between 465 
The jav'lin smote, and cut the nerve in twain: 
Prone on his head and face to earth he fell 
Breathless; when Ajax thus exulting spake: 


“« Say then, Polydamas, is not this chief 


© Full recompense for Prothoenor slain ? 470 


“ Not base he seems, nor of ignoble blood ; 
““ Agenor’s brother, or his son, I deem, 


‘€ ‘To him such near resemblance doth he bear.” 


XIV. THE ILIAD. 57 


He spake well knowing-:::grief each ‘Trojan seiz'd: 
But Acamas, Boeotian Promachus A475 
Around his brother stalking,| with-his spear 
Transfix’d, as; by-the feet he drage’d the slain: 
When Acamas'in; boasting words exclaim’d: - 

“ Vain. boasting race! of threats. insatiate, 
“Not to us only idoth the grief. belong 480 
« And labour of.the.field; you too, perchance 
“ς Shall perish; ‘mark: how Promachus doth ‘sleep, 

‘ Slain by my spear: .thus dearly doth revenge 
‘ A brother’s loss repay: who. would not wish 

A friend surviving to avenge his cause ?” A85 

His words the Greeks with indignation heard : 
Peneleus most: on Acamas he rush’d, 

Who waited, not the attack, but quick retir'd: 
Ilioneus receiv'd the fatal point ; 

[lioneus sole son of Phorbas, rich 490 
In flocks and numerous herds; him Hermes lov’d, 
And taught the arts of gain: |his eye receiv'd 

The agonizing wound, and to his. neck 

The stormy weapon pass’d: with lifted hands 
Imploring aid. he fell; when with his sword», 495 
Peneleus from the trunk the head cut sheer, 


The jav'lin still infixt and helmet on; 


Then high in air the bleeding trophy rais’d, 


58 THE ILIAD. 


And thus with exultation: ‘ Trojan chiefs, 

« Bid the lov’d parents of Ilioneus 500 

‘ With loud lament their slaught’red son bewail. 

Nor may the wife of Promachus rejoice, 

‘© Her husband safe return’d, or at her house 

“ Greet his arrival, when from Troy our ships 

“ Shall homeward our victorious host convey.” 505 
He spake: pale fear each Trojan heart assail'd, 

And all sought refuge from impending fate 

By sudden flight: such dread confusion reign’d. 
Say, Muses, who on high Olympus dwell, 

What Grecian first the bloody spoils achiev'd 510 

When Neptune chang’d the fortune of the war. 
First Ajax Telamon Hyrtius o’erthrew, 

Chief of the Mysian bands; Antilochus 

Phalces o’ercame, and valiant Mermerus : 

Meriones slew Morys, and his sire 

Hippotion: Teucer Periphetes kill’d, 

Arid Prothoén: next Hyperenor fell, 

By Agamemnon ; the impetuous spear 

His bowels tore; life issued from the wound 

Incontinent, and darkness clos’d his eyes. 
But chiefly Ajax Oileus numbers slew, 

Swift beyond others to pursue the foe, 


Whom: Jove in anger scatters o’er the plain. 


THE ILIAD. 


BUCS AY. 


Wen now the Trojans had the trench repass’d, 
And many fell, subdued by Grecian hands, 
And scarcely at the chariots staid their flight, 
With terror pale; then Jove from sleep awoke, 
And Juno, on sublimest Ida’s top : 
Whence looking down he view'd the Trojan host 
On all sides flying, whilst the Greeks pursued 
Victorious, Neptune shouting in the midst : 
Hector he saw extended on the plain 
Surrounded by his friends, yet scarce alive, 10 
Panting for breath; for not the feeblest arm 
Of Greece the wound had given: Jove pitying saw, 
And thus the anger of his mind express’d : 
«ς Certain I know thy cunning, thy deceit, 
Juno, hath wrought such foul defeat to Troy, 15 
And caus'd to cease great Hector from the field : 
I know not but you first may reap the fruit 
Of these your wiles, unseemly scourg’d from 


“ hence. 


60 THE ‘ILEAD. 


“ Hast thou forgotten when suspended high, 

“ ‘Two anvils at thy feet, and on thy hands 20 
* A golden chain indissolubly tied, 

“ Thou in midway perforce ’twixt earth and heav'’n 
“ Didst hang? The gods with pity view’d thy pains, 
“ Yet might not loose the chain; for whom | 

“* caught, 

ἐς Headlong from heav’n to earth I hurl’d him down 
“ Breathless: yet not for that my anger ceas’d., 26 


[7 


When Hercules such mighty ills endur’d, 


ςς 


Thy artful cunning did the storm produce 


“ Which o’er the wasteful ocean drove his bark, 
** And wreck’d on Coos’ isle. 1 safely thence, 30 


. ὰ Argos brought him after various ills. 


“ Remember this, and cease thy artful wiles ; 
“ And know, they never can advantage thee, 
“ Nor may but for.a time successful prove,” 
He spake indignant :. Juno trembling, thus 35 


In accents mild return’d: .“ Heav’n knows, and 


* Earth, 


*« And Styx beneath! oath fearful e’en to gods; 

“ Nay, by thyself I swear, and by our bed 

“ Connubial! eath I ne’er can violate ; 

“ Not by my arts induc’d doth Neptune aid 40 


“« The Grecian host, and work the Trojans woe 


XV; THE. ILIAD. 


« And Hector: his alone the fault :-he’saw, 

“ And seeing,’ pitied much-afflicted Greece. 

“ T will ‘myself persuade him ‘to retire; 

“ And go where’er thy pleasure’shall direct.” 45 

Thus Juno spake. « The Sire of gods and ‘men 

Smiling replied: If, Juno, you ‘henceforth 

“« Sitting among the gods unite with me 

“ In sentiment ; however’ differing now, 

“ Neptune would quickly bend to-ours his will. 50 

“* If what you offer be sincere and true, 

‘* To heav’n repair and‘ hither ‘Iris send; 

“ And bright Apollo with his‘ silver bow: 

“ That she may to the Grecian‘ host repair, 

“ And bear to Neptune these'my strict commands, 

“That home he do retire, and cease from war: 56 

*“* And that Apollo may to battle rouse 

** Hector, and ‘all his soul with strength inspire ; 
And cause those pains to cease which now ‘he 

* feels. 

“ ‘Then shall-the Greeks by him to flight impell'd, 

“Back the same way, routed, confus'd, return, 61 

‘ F’en to Achilles’ ship; who’ shall forthwith 

“ Send: his lov’d friend Patrocltis to their aid. 

“ Him Heetor at the walls of Troy shall’ slay, 


“ After much people lost ; and'thése among ~ “65 


62 THE ILIAD: 


Divine Sarpedon my much-valued son : 

“* And then shall Heetor by Achilles fall. 

“1 from that time will through the Trojan host 

“* Confusion send, and drive them from the ships 

“ ‘With foul defeat, till Troy shall be no more, 70 
“ By Grecian arms and Pallas’ aid o’erthrown. 

“ Then, nor before, my mighty rage shall cease’; 

“ Nor will I suffer one amongst the gods 

“ To aid the Grecians, or assist the war, 

“ Till all Pelides’ wish. be satisfied, 75 
“ Which I have promis’d, and. by nod confirm’d; 
“ ‘What time the goddess Thetis at :my knees 

“ Requested honour for her warlike son.” 

He spake; nor disobey’d the Queen. of heav’n, 
From Ida hast’ning to Olympus’ height. 80 
As when the traveller immerst in thought 
After much weary way, whether to bend 
This way or that his steps, debateth much ; 

So Juno: then to heav’n her rapid flight 


Wing'd sudden. There the assembled gods she 
found, 85 


Who rose at her approach; and:with full cups 
Hail'd her. return; .when she from Themis’ hand 
The cup receiv’d, for Themis first advanc'd, 


And Juno thus address’d: “ Why art thou come 


on. THE ‘ILIAD: 63 


“* Like one with fear opprest? hath angry Jove, 
“ΤῊ husband, sent thee here thus terrified?” 91 
Juno replied: “ Why dost thou question me, 
“ Themis? thou know’st the angry mind of Jove: 
** Do thou preside at this our festive board ; 
“© Then shalt. thou learn, with all the assembled 
“¢ pow’rs, 95 
“* What ills he meditates: nor shall we all 
“ With pleasure hear, or gods or mortal men, 
““ However now the. genial feast delight.” 
She spake; and.on her throne majestic sat: 
The gods indignant heard. Juno meantime. 100 
Felt secret joy; yet did her countenance 
No joy betray ;:when angry thus she spake : 
“‘ Why do we. madly thus contend with Jove 
In words or force ?. He recks not, nor regards ; 
Conscious that he alone amongst the gods 105 
In power,.in might, in wisdom.doth excel. 
Then patient bear what evils he may send. 
E’en Mars, or.I mistake, to ills must yield, - 
His much-lov’d son this day in battle slain, 
Ascalaphus, whom. Mars doth call his own.” . 110. 
With sudden grief.o’erwhelm’d, smiting his thigh, 
Thus Mars the anguish of his soul express'd :. . 


“ Let me not give offence, ye heay'nly. pow'rs; 


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64 THE. ILIAD. 


“ But to revenge my son to earth I go, 

«Though fated bythe avenging ‘fire of Jove 115 

“ 'Tostain.amidst the dead yon bloody plain.” 
He'spake; and ord’red forth. his flaming steeds 

By Terror:yok’d and Fear :. himself. meantime 

His. radiant armour ‘took... Then rage tenfold, 

And anger, had assail’d the pow’rs of heavn 120 

From Jove. but Pallas dreading such event, 

Rose sudden from her seat, and hast’ning forth 

Remov'd the glitt’ring helmet from his brow, 

And eas’d his shoulders of the pond’rous. shield ; 

Snatch’d the dread spear from his destroying hand, 

And thus his inconsiderate rage repress’d : 126 
“ O blind with passion, wouldst: thou perish thus? 

* Or heard’st thou not? or hast thou lost all sense 

“ Of shame? Didst thou not hear: Jove’s high com- 

“ mand, 

* By Juno now exprest? or wouldst:thou rather, 

“« After much pain endur’d, much grief of mind, 

“ Be driven back by hard necessity ὃ 

“« Cause of much evil to the host of heawn. 

i Then would Jove quit the Trojans and the Greeks, 

“ And pour the tempest of his ire on us, 135 


“ Though not by all deserv’d. Cease then thy 


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XVi THE ILIAD. 


“ A braver than thy son full soon must fall ; 
“ We may not save man’s perishable race.” 
She spake ; and led him to his lofty throne. 
But Juno Iris to her call’d, of heav’n 140 
Swift messenger, and Phcebus; and to them, 
But secretly, the will of Jove declard: 
“ ‘To Ida hasten you with utmost speed, 
“And, when in presence of dread Jove arrivd, 
“ Receive and execute what he commands.” 145 
She spake; and to her golden throne return’d: 
But they to Ida wing’d their rapid flight. 
There, seated on the highest pinnacle 
Of Gargarus, in majesty retir’d, 
Encircled with a radiant cloud, they found 150 
The mighty Thunderer. Silent they stood 
Before his presence. He, well-pleas’d to meet 
Their prompt obedience to his will, convey’d 
By Juno, thus to Iris gave command: 
“< Haste, Iris swift of foot, to Neptune haste, 155 
“ And faithful this my strict command enjoin, 
“ That he forthwith, from battle and the war 
““ Ceasing, to heav’n or to his seas retire: 
‘* Should he refuse, or with contempt receive 
“This my command, bid him consider well,. 160 
“ Strong though he be, how best he may endure 


VOL. I, F 


66 THE ILIAD. 


“ς My presence, or contend with me in arms, 


“ Who boast superior pow’r and older birth: 


“ Shall he not dread to measure strength with me, 


‘* Whom all in heav’n and earth with fear obey °” 
He spake: nor swift-wing’d Iris disobey’d ; 


But hast’ned down from Ida’s lofty top 


Mose 


XV. THE ILIAD. 


‘ Three sons to Saturn; Jupiter, and me, 


And Pluto of the infernal regions king: 


Honour to all he gave, and each his share 


‘ Of sov’reignty receiv’d. I had by lot 190 


‘ The spacious realm of ocean’s briny flood ; 


To Pluto were assign’d the shades of night ; 


To sacred ‘Troy. As. when or snow or hail, But heav’n and air and clouds to Jove belong’d. 


Congeal’d by northern blasts, quick from the clouds Olympus’ height and earth were free to all. 


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170 : I bend not to his nod. Let him remain 195 


Descends ; so Iris wing'd her rapid way, 


And near approaching Neptune thus address’d : In his own realm secure, and govern there, 


“ To thee, great ruler of the sea, I bring 
From egis-bearing Jove this strict command: 


He bids thee cease from battle and the war, 


And to the gods or to thy sea repair: 175 


Shouldst thou refuse, or with contempt receive 
3 

This his command, he threatens to descend 

Himself, and to contend with thee in arms. 


He doth enjoin thee cautiously to shun 


‘ The encounter, nor defy superior force 180 


By birth conferr’d, and fear to measure strength 
With him whom all in heav’n and earth obey.” 
Neptune indignant answ’red: “ [5 it thus 

That he, all-potent as he is, doth use 
Contemptuous words, and threaten me with force 


‘ Who boast the same descent? for Rhea bore 186 


Nor boast his power to frighten me withal ; 

Yea rather let him with high-swelling words 

His children terrify, who must obey.” 

Iris replied: “ Do I then, Neptune, bear 200 
This harsh and bitter answer back to Jove ? 

O change! the prudent listen to advice: 

The Furies will revenge an elder’s wrongs.” 
Neptune return’d: “ Thy words, indeed, are just 
And true, Iris: when prudence doth adorn 205 
A messenger ’tis well. Yet am I vext 


When he doth treat me with contempt and scorn, 


' Not his inferior or by birth or fate: 


Yet angry as I am I will submit. 
But this I say, and with a threat declare, 
Should he hereafter, without my consent, 


F 2 


68 THE ILIAD. 


“ ‘Without Minerva’s, Juno’s, Mercury’s, 

“ Or Vulcan’s, spare the lofty city Troy, 

“ Nor to the Grecians give the victory, 

“Our anger never shall be satisfied.” 215 
He spake: and quitting then the Grecian host 

Reluctant, in the depths of ocean plung’d. 

The Grecians felt their loss. To Phoebus next 

The Ruler of the sky thus gave command : 
“ My son, to Hector speed thy rapid way; 220 
Neptune is gone to ocean’s depths below 
Fearing my wrath, or all the immortal pow’rs 
Circling the realm of Saturn had full soon 
The contest heard, and trembled at the war. 
Thus best for him and me, that he submit, 225 
Nor tempt my force; the contest had been dire. 
But go, my son, and bearing on thy arm 

‘ My egis, put to flight the host of Greece. 
But above all let Hector be thy care ; 
Rouse all his courage, till the routed foe 
Fly to their ships and seek the Hellespont. 
When there, how they may breathe awhile, and rest 
From labour of the field, shall be my care.” 
He spake: nor did Apollo disobey ; 

But stoop’d from Ida, like the falcon hawk, 235 


Swiftest of birds, when he the dove pursues 


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XV. THE ILIAD. 


His prey. Hector he sitting found, in sense 
Collected, and acknowledging his friends : 
Shortness of breath and weariness of limb 
Had fled, disperst by Jove’s pervading mind. 240 
Him Phoebus thus address’d: “ Ah! why apart, 
Illustrious son of Priam, dost thou sit 
Inactive? whence doth grief thy soul afflict ?” 
Hector still weak, dispirited, replied : 
And who art thou, best of the immortal gods, 245 
Who thus dost question me? hast thou not heard 
‘ That at his very ships slaying his friends, 
Great Ajax with a stone of wondrous size 
Smote on my breast, and check’d my daring 
“ strength? 
This day I thought to see the dark abode 280 
Of Pluto and the dead : so heav'd my soul.” 
“ ‘Take courage then,” the potent god return’d ; 
I come from Jove, to aid thee in the war ; 
Him thou beholdest who hath often sav’d 
Thy city and thyself; the god of day. 
Issue thy orders that the horse advance 
And press upon the foe, e’en to their ships ; 
I will lead on before and smooth the way, 
And turn the bravest of the Greeks to flight.” 


He spake; and all his mighty soul renew’d. 260 


“0 THE ILIAD. 


The high-fed courser thus, long time confin’d, 
Sudden breaks forth and scours the distant plain, 
Eager to bathe him in the copious stream, 


Exulting; high in air his head he bears, 


His flowing mane o’er neck and shoulders waves; 265 


With speed impetuous to the well-known fields 
And pastur’d steeds he wings his rapid way ; 
So Hector, by the voice divine inspir’d, 
Impetuous mov’d, and led his horsemen on. 

As dogs and hunters in the chase pursue 270 
The stag with branching horns, or mountain goat, 
Whom or the forest thick or lofty crag 
Of access difficult secure from harm : 

When by their shouting rous’d, across their way 
Stalks the grim lion, sudden they retreat ; 275 
Tumultuous thus the Grecian host pursued, 
Slaying with sword or spear the routed foe: 

But when great Hector in the ranks they saw, 

Fear seiz’d them, and their wonted courage fail’d. 

Then Théas, leader of the Atolian bands, 980 
Son of Andremon, skill’d in distant fight 
And stationary war, nor less renown’d 
For eloquence amongst contending youth, 

With prudent counsel thus the chiefs address’d : 


“ QO heav’ns! what wonder do my eyes behold, 


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XV. THE ILIAD. 71 


« When thus from death escap’d again appears 286 
“ Hector! for him we hop’d, and thought indeed, 
« By Ajax slain. Some deity hath sav'd 
The chief of Troy. Already he hath slain 
Numbers, and yet will slay; for not without 290 
The aid of Jove doth he lead on the war. 
Attend what I advise: first to the ships 
Let the main body of our troops retreat; 
Whilst we, who boast superior skill in arms, 
** Stand firm, if haply we may check his course 295 
“* ‘With spears opposing ; for, however brave, 
“δ dare not with our chiefs select engage.” 
He spake: they heard, and willingly obey’d ; 
And led by Ajax and Idomeneus, 
By Meges, ‘Teucer, and Meriones, 300 
And numerous chiefs, against the Trojan host 
And Hector set the battle in array, 
Whilst the main body to the ships retir'd. 
The Trojans first attack’d; for Hector led 
The onset, and with lofty strides advanc'd. 305 
Apollo mov’d before, involv’d in clouds, 
Bearing the dreadful gis, massy, large, 
Of workmanship divine, by Vulcan made 
For Jove to strike with terror humankind ; 


This bearing, he led on the force of Troy. 


72 THE ILIAD, 


Firm stood the Grecian host: on either side 


Loud clamours rise ; in volleys arrows fly, 


And spears are hurl’d by chiefs of high renown ; 


Some with unerring aim the warriors pierce ; 
Some useless fall midway, and in the ground 315 
Infixed stand, and thirsting still for blood. 

Whilst Phoebus all-unmov’d the eevis held, 
Each host with equal loss the fight maintain’d; 
But when he shook the egis, and with looks 
Terrific shouted loud, then fear oppress’d 
The Grecians, and their wonted courage fled, 
As when two lions in the thickest night 
Disperse the herd of beeves, or numerous flock, 
With sudden onset, whom no shepherd guards ; 
So fled the Grecians; fear the god on them 325 
Impress’d, and to the Trojans gave success. 

Then man slew man, when o’er the routed plain 
Confusion reign'd. First Hector Stychius slew, 
And brave Archesilaus ; this the friend 
Of Mnestheus, that the fam’d Beeotian chief. 330 

AEneas Methon slew, and Iasus - 

Methon to Oileus, but ignobly, born ; 
In Phylace he dwelt, far from his friends. 
Through fear of Eriopis, having slain 


Her brother, exil’d by his step-dame’s wrath : 


XV. THE ILIAD. 


5ut Iasus the Athenians led to war, 
From Sphelus sprung, the son of Bucolis, 
Then by Polydamas Mecistes fell: 
Polites Echius slew, who in the van 
Engag’d; and by Agenor Clonius died ; 
And Paris, as before him basely fled 
Deiochus, his shoulder piercing slew, 
Whilst these the Trojans spoil’d, the . routed 
Greeks 
Fled in confusion to the deep’ned trench, 
On every side disperst, and sought retreat 345 
Within their walls by hard necessity. 

But Hector to the Trojans loudly call'd 

To rush upon the ships, and quit the spoil : 

‘ And whom I find at distance from the ships 

** This arm shall slay ; of funeral rites bereft, 350 
“* No mournful parent shall attend his bier, 

““ Before our walls to rav’nous dogs a prey,” 

He spake; and urg’d along his rapid steeds, 
Encouraging his troops, who, with loud shouts 
Advancing furious, drove their coursers on: 355 
Dire was the clamour. Phoebus march’d before, 
Whose power the rampart levell’d, and with ease 
A passage made, as with a bridge, of length 


And breadth capacious, far as flies the spear 


vA THE ILIAD. KV. 


From some strong arm to try the strength withal. 
There file on file they pour’d: Apollo first, 
Arm’d with Jove’s gis, raz’d the Grecian wall 
With the same ease as when some youthful hand 


The playful structure builds, and on the shore 


Uprears the sandy pile, then quick destroys 365 


With hands and feet what childish sport had 
rais d: 
So did thy pow’r, Apollo, overthrow 
The labour of the Greeks, and fear impress. 
But at their ships arrivd they staid their flight, 
Encouraging each other, and with hands 370 
Uplifted to the gods preferr'd their vows ; 
But chiefly Nestor, who with hands to heav'n 
Uprais'd, thus urg’d his pray’r: “ O mighty Jove! 
« Tf e’er in fertile Argos we have paid 
ἐς Libation due, if one of all the Greeks 
“ Hath with due sacrifice thy altar crown’d, 
Imploring safe return, and thou hast heard 
“ Gracious his pray’r, O save us! nor permit 
“ The Trojans thus to desolate our host.” 
Thus Nestor: Jove propitious heard the chief, 
And awful thunder mark’d his ον reign will. 381 
The Trojans heard, and fierce renew ἃ the fight. 


As o’er the vessel’s side the swelling surge 


XV. THE ILIAD. 


‘Tempestuous breaks, by furious winds uprais’d ; 

So o’er the wall the Trojan forces pour’d 385 

Shouting, and at the ships the fight maintain’d, 

Horsemen and foot promiscuous, with spears 

Well arm’d: these from their chariots fierce 

Contending; from their lofty vessels those 

With boat-poles arm’d, long, weighty, and with steel 

Pointed, for grappling meet and naval use. 391 
Whilst at the wall and distant from the ships 

Each host engag’d, Patroclus at the tent 

Of brave Eurypylus beguil’d the time 

With converse sweet, applying to his wounds 

Soft medicine of pow’r to sooth his pain ; 

But when he saw the Trojans pass the wall, 

And heard the clamours of the routed Greeks, 

He smote his hands in agony of grief, 

And, deeply sighing, thus his fears express’d: 400 
“ ‘Though great thy need, I may no longer stay, 
FEurypylus, such contest hath arisen ; 

But to thy servant I commend thee now: 

I hasten to Achilles, if perchance 

I may prevail, and by the favouring aid 405 
Of heav’n may rouse again his soul to arms, 

For great the pow’r of friendship’s sacred voice.” 


He spake; and hast’ned to Achilles’ tent. 


76 THE ILIAD. 


Meantime the Grecians waited firm the attack ; 
Yet might they not repulse the force of Troy 410 
Though far less numerous; nor the Trojan host 
Break the firm phalanx and invade the ships. 

As in the skilful workman’s hand the line 
Marks the due size and the proportion just 
Of some tall mast, where Pallas lends her aid; 415 
So ’twixt contending hosts the line was stretch’d 
Of contest fierce, nor either side prevail’d. 

At different ships the various battle rag’d ; 
But to great Ajax Hector stood oppos'd 


At the same ship contending; nor might this 420 


= > 


The Grecian chief repel and fire the ship, 


Nor that force Hector back when urg'd by heav’n. 
First Ajax slew the son of Clytius, 

Caletor nam’d; the spear his breast transfix’d 

As to the ships he bore the lighted torch: 425 

He fell, and with him fell the flaming brand: 

Whom when great Hector levell’d to the ground 

Before the ship perceiv'd, griev d for the lass 

Of one so near allied, he thus exclaim’d: 

“ Trojans, and Lycians, and Dardanian chiefs, 430 

* Stand firm and guard this pass; save Clytius’ son, 

**- Nor suffer thus the Greeks to reap the spoil.” 


He spake; and μι ἃ his spear, at Ajax aim’d, 


xv. THE ILIAD. γῇ 


But miss the chief; his servant, Mastor’s son, 

(Who in Cithere dwelt, till having slain 435 

A man he fled from thence,) receiv’d the wound: 

Just at his ear the fatal jav'lin pierc'd 

His head, as he by Ajax fighting stood: 

Lifeless he fell from off the lofty stern, 

Expiring in the dust. With terror seiz’d, 440 

Ajax exclaim’d: “ Thus, Teucer, wehave lost 

“Οὐχ valued friend, and Lycophron is slain, 

“ ‘Whom we receiv’d and honour’d’as a son 

“© When from Cithere fled: him Hector’s spear 

“ Hath slain. Where now thy arrows and thy bow, 

“ The gift of Phoebus, to revenge his déath ?” 446 
Him Teucer heard, and from his certain bow 

The bitter shaft against the Trojan sent : 

Clytus, Pisenor's son, the wound receiv’d, 

Friend and companion of Polydamas, ' 450 

Whose fiery steeds he rein’d; and where the war 

Rag’d most the chariot staid; for so he thought 

The Trojan chiefs to please: fatal that hope! 

For none the sudden mischief might avert : 

Fixt in his neck the unerring weapon stands: 455 

He falls and dies: the affrighted steeds retreat 

With sudden start: the empty car resounds. 


Polydamas perceiv’d, and quick restrain’d: 


78 THE ILIAD. 


Their devious course, and to Astyoneus 
Gave them in charge, then mingled in the van. 460 
But Teucer still another arrow aim’d 
Direct at Hector: then had ceas’d the war, 
And contest at the ships, the chieftain slain : 
But Jove perceiy’d, and guarded safe from harm 
The chief of Troy, and Teucer’s hopes destroy’d ; 
For as with utmost might he drew the bow, 
The string snapp’d short, the devious arrow fell 
To earth; the bow dropp’d useless from his hand: 
With terror seiz’d thus Ajax he address’d: 
“ Some adverse deity prevents the war, 470 
“ And frustrates my intent; who to these hands 
** Hath useless made my bow, and broke the string 
“ Though new, and well prepar’d for frequent 
“* use.” 
Ajax replied: ‘“ Quit then thy bow, my friend, 
And arrows, fruitless rend’red by some pow’r 475 
Who envies our success; with shield and spear 
Renew the war, and animate our host: 
Not without toil shall they our vessels seize ; 
Howe’er subdued, we'll combat to the last.” 
Thus Ajax. Teucer in his tent replac’d 480 
The bow, and arm’d him with his orbed shield, 


And plac’d the crested helmet on his brow. 


XV, THE ILIAD. 


Nodding terrific: in his Βαπᾷ ἃ spear 
He grasp’d, and hast’ned to his brother's side. 
Hector observ’d, and thus exulting spake:. 485 
‘ Trojan, and Lycian, and Dardanian chiefs! 
Be men, my friends, exert your utmost strength 
Now at the ships: these eyes beheld when Jove 
Blasted the weapons of a Grecian chief 
Of high renown: men may with ease discern 490 
To whom superior glory he assigns, 
Whom he depresseth, nor will grant his aid: 
Us he asssists, but minisheth their strength: 


' ‘Then at their ships united let us fight : 


Should wounds or death ensue, he nobly dies 495 


Who falls when fighting in his country’s cause ; 
His wife, his children safe, his house secure, 
His heritage unsullied, unimpaired, 

When driv’n the Grecians to their native land.” 
He spake; and all their wonted courage rous’d. 
Ajax meantime thus animates the Greeks: 501 

“QO dire disgrace! better at once to die 
“ Fighting, or live and save our ships from fire. 
* What! can ye believe, if Hector should suc- 
** ceed, 
“ That ye might hence to Greece on foot return? 


Or hear ye not his exhortation loud, 506 


80 THE ILIAD. 


“ His menaces, with fire to burn our fleet ? 

“« He calls them on to battle, not to dance. 

*¢ ‘Then be this mind, this settled purpose ours, 

“ To fight, to combat with our utmost strength: 510 
** Better to die at once, at once to live, 

* Than thus in ling’ring conflict to contend 

*© With foes inferior at our very ships.” 

Thus saying, he their drooping spirits rais‘d. 
First Hector Schedius slew, the valiant son 515 
Of Perimedes: then by Ajax fell 
Laodamas, Agenor’s noble son. 

Polydamas Cyllenian Otus slew, 

Friend of Phylides, of the Epeians chief. 

Meges indignant, to revenge his fate 

Rush’d on: the victor saw, and turn’d aside ; 

The weapon pass’d: Apollo interpos’d, 

Nor suff’red Panthus’ son to be subdued : 

Through Croesmus’ chest the stormy weapon flew; 
Sounding he fell, and Meges seiz’d the spoil. 525 

Whilst thus engag’d, Dolops well skill’d in fight, 
Offspring of Lampus for high courage fam’d 
Son of Laomedon, on Meges’ shield 
Smote, near approaching; but the brazen mail 
Thick-plaited check’d its force, which Phyleus 


brou ght 530 


KY. THE ILIAD. 


From Ephyre, by Selle’s fertile stream, 
Token of friendship, by Euphetes giv’n 
To guard him in the dreadful] shock of arms, 
Whose texture firm now sav’d the son from death. 

But Meges’ spear full on the brazen casque 535 
Of Dolops smote ; and, cutting sheer the cone, 
Mingled its purple honours in the ‘dust. 

Whilst thus he fought, still hoping for success, 
In aid of Meges Menelaus came, 
By Dolops unobserv’d, and with his spear 540 
His shoulder pierc’d: the fatal point, impell’d 
With force superior, through his chest appear’d, 
Scarce stopping there: headlong to earth he felk 
The victors flew to seize the brazen spoils, 
When Hector to his kindred thus exclaim’l 545 
In words of blame: to Menalippus first 
He spake, brave Hycetaon’s noble son, 
Who in Percote fed his numerous herds 
Of cattle, ere the Grecian host arriv'd. 
But when their fleet appear'd, forthwith to Troy 550 
The chief return’d, conspicuous in the war, 
With Priam dwelt, and equal honours shar’d 


‘th ΨΎ ΝΟ 
With Priam’s sons; him Hector as he pass’d 


By name address’d, and thus indignant spoke: 


¢¢ J . . 
And do we, Menalippus, thus decline 


VOL. II, G 


82 THE ILIAD. KV. 


ς The combat? seest thou not our friend is slain ὃ 

‘ Or seeing dost thou disregard his fate, 

«¢ Of life and arms despoil’d? Then follow me; 

<< We must or slay the foe, or Ilium stoops 

“ From her high top to her foundation low.” 560 
Thus Hector spake; and him the chief obey’d. 

But Ajax thus the chiefs of Greece address'd : 

“ Courage, my friends; let shame your ardour rouse 

‘© Each other to excel in martial deeds: 

“ The brave meet safety in the shock of arms; 565 


“ Cowards in flight both life and honour losé.” 


He spake; nor spake in vain: they of themselves, 


Eager to guard the ships, form’d at his word 

A brazen bulwark with opposing spears 

To check the foe, though urg’d by Jove himself; 

When Menelaus thus to Nestor’s son: 571 
« Antilochus, in arms the Grecian youth, 

“ς In strength excelling, or to slay the foe 

‘* Or reap the spoils, now be thy courage tried.” 
He spake: the chief rush’d foremost to the fight, 

And hurl’d his spear; the Trojan ranks retird 576 

With caution: nor in vain the jav'lin flew, 

Sent with superior force; but through the breast 

Of Menalippus, Hycetaon’s son, 


Pierc’d, as to fight he led the Trojans on: 580 


XV. THE ILIAD; 


He fell: his armour rang. The victor then, 

As the fierce dog upon a wounded fawn 

Leaps eager, which forth starting from its lair 

The hunter’s spear hath piere’d; so rush’d on thee, 

© Menalippus! Nestor’s warlike son, 585 

Eager to reap the spoil: Hector pereeiv’d, 

And through the ranks of war with hasty strides 

Advane’d: Antilochus, though brave, retir’d 

Not without fear. And as the prowling wolf 

Conscious of ἢ] steals off when he hath slain 590 

The watchful dog, or'shepherd, ere alarm’d 

The village peasantry are rous’d to arms ; 

So Nestor’s son: all Troy shouting pursued 

With Hector, and their spears in tempest pour’d; 

The ranks now gain’d, he turn’d, and dar'd the foe. 
Nathless, as rav’nous lions onward rush'd 596 

Phe Trojans to the ships; so Jove ordain'd : 

Who rais’d their courage, but depress’d the Greeks, 

Subdued their mind, and all success denied. 

Thus he to Priam’s son the glory gave 600 

To spread devouring flames the ships among ; 

Still earnest to perform all. Thetis’ pray’r 

Pernicious, and to view from Ida’s top 

The bickering flames involve the fleet of Greece. 

From that eventful period. he decreed 605 

G2 


84 THE ILIAD. 


Disgraceful flight to Troy, and foul defeat 

At the same ships, but to the Greeks success : 

With this intent, he on the hollow ships 

Hector, all eager of himself, impell’d. 
As desolating Mars, or raging fire 

In the thick forest of the mountain burns ; 

So rag’d he furious: from his angry eye 

Flash’d fire as foaming still with ire he mov'd: 

His glitt’ring casque, meantime, terrific shone 

Around his temples as he strode along: 615 

For Jove himself, descending to his aid 

Amidst the numerous host, to him alone 

Honour and glory gave; for short his term ; 

Pallas already had ordain’d his fall, 

Destin’d to perish by Achilles’ arm. 620 
Oft he essay’d to force ἃ passage through 

The thickest ranks; where shone the brightest spoils; 

Yet might he not, though vehement, prevail, 

Nor break the solid phalanx.. As a-rock 

Vast, inaccessible, withstands the force 625 

Of winds tempestuous and o’erwhelming seas, 

Which rage and foam around its fixed base ; 

So firm the Greeks sustain’d the shock of arms. 
Hector, meantime, on every side.invades, 


Beaming like fire: As when the swelling surge, 630 


XV. THE ILTAD. 


By furious winds increas’d, with sudden force 

The vessel strikes ; high foaming on the sails 

The tempest breaks tremendous ; with affright 

Appall’d, the seaman scarce escapes from death ; 

So trembled, tetror-struck, the Grecian host. 635 
But he, as the gaunt lion fierce invades 

The numerous herd of beeves in pastures large 

Feeding, while as the unskilful herdsman flees 

Now here, now there, unknowing to resist ; 

Forth rushing in the midst the lion slays 640 

Some noble beast, the rest stand trembling near : 

The Grecians thus, with sudden fear assail’d, 

From Hector fled. He Periphetes slew, 

Capreus’ offspring, from Eurystheus sent, 

With evil tidings fraught, to Hercules; 

The worthy son of a degenerate sire, 

Whom ev'ry virtue, every sense adorn’d, 

Doom’d to add trophies to great Hector’s name. 

Turning to flight, his foot against the rim 

Of his large shield he struck, and fell supine; 650 

The brazen helmet on his temples rang. 

Hector perceiv’d; and, planting in his breast 


The fatal spear, slew him amidst his friends; 


Who, panic-struck, might no assistance give. 


And now’ within the foremost ships retir’d, 655 


86 THE ILIAD. 


They still engag’d. The Trojans Κα ἃ flood 
Rush’d on and drove them in; yet unsubdued 
They rallied at the tents, and firm maintain’d 
Their ground ; fear of disgrace restrain’d their flight, 
And mutual exhortation. Nestor first 660 
With strong entreaty thus their aid implor’d: 
“ Courage, my friends; and let the dread of shame 
‘ Have its full force: let each remember well 
His children, wife, and valued property ; 
His parents, whether living or deceas’d ; 665 
For whom, though absent, I entreat you all 
That you now bravely stand, nor think of flight.” 
Thus saying, he their courage rous’d to war. 
And now Minerva from their eyes remov’d 
The cloud which dimm’d their view, and light re- 
stor’d ; 670 
And all the ships, and all the war appear d. 
There Hector fierce engag’d, there his allies ; 
And they who in the rear or in the van, 
The combat shunn’d, or they who bravely fought. 
No longer Ajax midst the host of Greece 675 
Where other chieftains fought, the war maintain’d ; 
Urg’d by his daring mind, from deck to deck 
He strode; his hands a boat-pole’s wondrous length 


Brandish’d aloft, with iron spikes all-arm’d: 


XV. THE ILIAD. 87 


As when in horsemanship a man well skilPd, 
Drives on the public road four harness’d steeds 
To some great city through the gazing crowd ; 
From horse to horse secure he lightly vaults 
Changing from side to side ; they rapid fly : 
From deck to deck thus Ajax strode along, 685 
Shouting aloud, and calling on his host 
With vaice tremendous to defend their ships. 

Nor longer Hector in the ranks remain’d. 
But as the tawny eagle fierce invades 
The feather’d race as by the river's side 690 
They feed, or geese or cranes, or lithe-neck’d swans: 
Thus Hector on the lofty vessel rush’d 
Impetuous, for Jove impell’d him on 
With potent hand; and all his host pursued, 

Dire was the conflict then the ships among; 695 
Unwearied, unfatigued, as privileg’d 
Beyond the lot of man, so fierce they fought, 
Bearing in mind this fixt intent; the Greeks, 
That on no other terms they might escape 
From death, but perish there; whilst hope inspir’d 
Each Trojan breast, nor vain that hope appear’d, 701 
To burn forthwith the Grecian ships with fire, 


And utterly destroy their vanquish'd host; 


With this intent they furiously engag’d. 


88 THE ILIAD. 


But Hector rushing forward, grasp'd the stern 
Of that swift vessel which to Troy convey’d 
Protesilaus, never to return. 

At this both Greeks and Trojans eager fought, 

And many fell: no distant war they wag’d, 

With arrow or with jav'lin; man to man, 710 
With battle-axe or swords, or two-edg’d spears, 
Closely engag’d, the bloody fight maintain’d. 

Then fell from many a warrior’s hand the sword 
Of mighty grasp, or from his shoulder hewn 
Dropp’d useless te the ground: on every side 
O’er the dark soil the blood in rivers pour’d. 

Hector meantime his hold maintain’d, still grasp’d 
The lofty stern, and loudly thus exclaim’d : 

“ Now, now bring fire, and raise the shout of war; 
“ This is the glorious day by Jove decreed 720 
“ To seize their ships, here brought with adverse 

“ heav’n 
To our great loss: chiefly our counsellors 
“ This blame incur, who check’d my ardent wish 
“ And staid our host, nor suff’red us to fight 
“ As now: such then the will of Jove, now chang'd; 
“ Himself encourages, commands the war.” 726 

He spake: the Trojans rush’d obedient on. 


O'erwhelm’d by hostile spears, not Ajax self 


KY. THE ILIAD. 89 


Longer endur’d, but for awhile retir'd, 


Expecting death should he the deck maintain. 730 


Still from the ship his spear the attack repell’d, 
And staid each hand that would have fir'd the fleet - 


Loud to the Greeks he call’d: “ Friends, country- 


“ς men, 
Illustrious warlike chiefs! O now, my friends, 
Be all your virtue, all your courage tried. 735 
Or think you succours still await us here, 
Some stronger bulwark to defend our host? 
We have no fenced city, no strong tow’r 
Which may protect us, and relieve our troops : 
On Trojan plains we stand, by numerous foes 740 
Encompass’d, and shut in by Ocean’s flood ; 
' Our hands alone, not flight, can save us now.” 
He spake; and with his spear rush’d on amain 
Furious: whatever Trojan dar’d approach 
At Hector’s call with flames to burn the ships, 745 
Him Ajax slew; and from his single arm 


Twelve Trojans at the ships breathless expird. 


THE ILIAD. 


BOOK XVI. 


Tavs at the ships contending hosts engae’d. 

Meantime Patroclus near Achilles stood 

Weeping: so bursting from the lofty rock 

The bubbling fountain pours its lucid stream. 

Not unconcern’d Achilles saw his grief, 

And, kindly pitymg, thus his friend address’d : 
“¢ ‘Why weeps Patroclus like an infant child, 
Which running seeks its mother’s kind embrace, 
Hangs on her garment and her steps detains, 

‘ With tearful eye entreating fond caress ? 
Like her, Patroclus, thou dost shed the tear; 
Hast thou aught grievous to communicate 
Of me or mine? or hast thou heard perchance 
From Phthia? Still they say Mencetius lives, 
And Peleus governs yet his Myrmidons; 15 

‘ Should either die, we then indeed must weep. 
Or griev’st thou that the Grecians at their ships 

* Thus perish, just reward of all their crimes ? 


' Conceal it not; speak, that we both may know.” 


92 THE ILIAD. 


Patroclus deeply sighing, thus replied : 
“ O son of Peleus, bravest of the Greeks, 
“Βα not displeas’d, for mighty ills oppress 
“© The Grecian host :. all who excel in arms 
“ Are wounded and disabled at the ships: 
“ There Tydeus’ son the valiant Diomed, 
“ There Agamemnon, and Eurypylus, 
** And wise Ulysses, seek-to heal their wounds 
“ By medicine’s aid, with skilful hand applied. 
** But. thou, Achilles, art relentless stil] - 
 O never may such rage my heart inflame!. 80 
“ O brave-in vain! whom wilt thou e’er assist 
“ If not thy country in her deep distress ? 
“ Relentless man! nor Peleus was thy sire, 
“ Nor Thetis gave thee birth; but rugged rocks 
** And seas thy parents were: therefore thy mind 
“ No pity knows. Should some dread oracle, 36 
“ Some ‘strict command from Jove, by Thetis 
“ brought, 
“ Thy soul alarm, let me thy forces lead, 
“If haply Ia dawn of hope may raise 
“Τὸ prostrate Greece: lend me thy glitt’ring arms, 
“ That Troy, mistaking me for thee, may fly, 41 
“ And our afflicted forces breathe awhile 


A) - ᾿ ‘ 
“ From war; such breathing-time as war admits. 


xvi. THE ILIAD, 93 


“ Fresh troops with ease the weary may repulse 
““ ‘With shouts alone, and. drive. them. from. our 
“ ships.” 45 

Thus he with great imprudence, for he sought 

Destruction to himself in this request ; 

When thus Achilles with displeasure spake : 
« Alas! my noble friend, what. hast thou said Ὁ 
I know no oracle I have to fear; 50 
Nor has my mother brought command from Jove. 
This cause of grief doth wring my very soul, 

‘ That, from-his equal, one advane’d to power, 

‘ Should dare thus rob him of his just reward: 
This, this the cause; hence bitter griefs arise: 55 
The captive whom united Greece had given; 

My just reward for cities overthrown, 

Her ‘hath Atrides taken. back by foree, 

As from some outcast of the meaner sort. 
But—that is past and gone; nor is it right 60 
To feed eternal rage. I thought indeed 

Never to cease from wrath, till αἱ my. ship 

‘ The clamour and the shout of war arriv’d. 
You.then, array’d in all my splendid arms, 

Lead on the valiant Myrmidons to war; 65 


Since the black cloud of overwhelming Troy 


Dhreatens:our fleet: hemm’d in by Ocean’s flood, 


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94 THE ILIAD. 


“ The Grecians occupy small space of land; 

“ Whilst Troy her numerous forces pours around 
““ Fearless, nor dreads the splendour of my casque 
“ Advancing. Then their numerous dead had fill’d 
** Each hollow of the plain, had Atreus’ son 

“ Due honour paid ; now they besiege our host. 


“No longer in the hands of Diomed 


“ Rages the spear, and wards destruction off; 


“ I hear no more Atrides’ hateful voice : 


“ Hector's alone still bursts upon my ear 


ςς 


Encouraging his troops, who shouting loud 


44 


Fill the whole plain, and slay our routed host: 


ἐς 


But yet, Patroclus, hasten to repel 80 


€¢ 


The danger which impends, lest they destroy 


“ And burn our ships, and cut off all return. 


** Then my advice attend, and note it well, 


“ς So shall I from the Grecian host receive 


“ Honour and praise, and they will safe restore 85 


“Το beauteous maid with numerous splendid gifts. 


* Return when thou hast’ driven them from the 


If Jove shall grant success; but without me 
Press not the contest with the Trojan force, 
For thus shalt thou on me dishonour bring: 90 


Nor in the war expiting, with success 


KVE. THE ILIAD. 95 


« Flusht, lead thy troops victorious on to Troy ; 
“ Lest from Olympus’ height some adverse pow’r 
“ Descend: Apollo much the Trojans loves. 
“ The ships once sav'd, lead back the Myrmidons, 
* And on the plain let each maintain the fight. 96 
“ O pow’rs supreme! Jove, Pallas, Phoebus, hear! 
“ Might every Trojan, every Grecian chief 
“© Perish, and we alone survive to tear 
*¢ ‘The sacred fillet from the brow of Troy!” 100 
Thus they held converse. Ajax prest meantime 
By numerous weapons, from the fight retir’d : 
Him Jove by many Trojan arms subdued. 
Struck by the frequent spear, his glitt’ring casque 
Rang on his temples, and his plaited mail 105 
Receiv'd incessant strokes, whilst with the weight 
Of his enormous shield his wearied arm 
Fail'd him. Yet might they fot with all their spears 
Drive Ajax back, or from his station move; 
Panting for breath he stood, and from his limbs 110 
The copious sweat distill’d ; no time to breathe, 
Such complicated evils hemm’d him round. 
Say, heav’nly Muse, enthron’d the stars among, 
How first devouring flames the ships assail’d. 
Hector advane’d, and with his pond’rous sword 


Smote Ajax’ spear, and sever'd from the haft 118 


96 THE: ILIAD. 


The brazen point: aloft in air in vain 
The hero brandish’d his now useless spear ; 
The point lopt off fell tinkling to the ground. 

Then Ajax knew, and shudd’red at the thought 
That Jove himself had turn’d the tide of war 120 
Adverse, and to the Trojans gave success. 

His station he forsook: victorious Troy 

With fire invades; thick smoke and bick’ring flames 
Involve the lofty ship. Achilles saw 125 
The whelming mischief, and with anxious words 
Exclaim’d: “ To battle, my Patroclus, haste ; 

** I see the flames arise: arm, quickly arm, 
“Whilst I prepare the Myrmidons; or we, 

“ Our ships, and our return, all, all is Jost.” [130 

He spake. Patroclus arm’d him to the war. 

First round his legs the silver-studded greaves 

He bound; then cloth’d him with the plated mail 
Spangled with stars, whilom in battle,worn 

By great Aacides; the mighty sword 135 
He o’er_ his shoulders hung, with silver studs 
Embost;_ his arm the pond'rous shield sustain’d 

Of huge circumference; the glitt’ring casque, 
Whose nodding plume struck terror and dismay, 
Adorn’d his brew; and in his hands he bore 140 


Two spears, well suited to the hero’s grasp : 


XVI. THE ILIAD. 97 


Untouch’d alone the Pelian spear remain’d, 

Huge, weighty, strong; among the Grecian chiefs 

This none might wield but great Achilles’ self: 

Chiron the wondrous gift to Peleus gave, 145 

From Pelion hewn; and fraught with numerous 
deaths. 

Then to Automedon he gave command 

To yoke the rapid steeds: Automedon, 

Whom after Peleus’ son he honour’d most, 

Oft faithful prov'd in war; who yok’d the steeds 150 

Xanthus and Balius, swift as mighty winds, 

Whom erst. to Zephyrus Podarge bore, 

Feeding in pastures large by Ocean’s flood: 

The hero join’d swift Pedasus to these, 

Which from Eetion Achilles won, 

In swiftness equal to immortal steeds. 

Meantime Achilles arm’d his Myrmidons 
Throughout their sev’ral tents: but they, as wolves 
Voracious, and with daring courage arm’d, 

Some larger stag slain in the mountain top 160 

Devour ; their jaws still cov’red o’er with blood, 

In troops they from the pure and cooling stream, 

Where dipp’d their slender tongues, full gorg’d re- 
turn; 


With sides distended fierce they move along. 


VOL. 11. H 


98 THE ILIAD. 


The chiefs and leaders of the Myrmidons 
Round the brave friend of swift A®%acides 
Thus mov'd: Achilles urg’d them to the fight, 
Spearmen and horse, as in the midst he stood. 
Full fifty ships to Troy Achilles led, 
Each bearing fifty men at arms; to these 170 
Five leaders were assign’d of valour tried, 
Who under swift Achilles bore command, 
He chief. Of these Menestheus, by, his mail 


Of various colour known, led the first band ; 


Sprung from Sperchius’ sacred stream, to whom 175 


Fair Polydora, Peleus’ daughter, bare 

The warlike youth: yet he by some was call’d 

Borus, whom Polydora deign’d to wed. 
Eudorus led the second, from his birth 

Parthenius nam’d, whom Polymela bore, 

Skill’d in the graceful dance; her Mercury 

Beheld and lov’d, as she among the nymphs 

Of Dian led the sprightly dance along: 

Nor sued the god in vain; a son she bare, 

Eudorus, swift of foot, and brave in fight. 

No sooner had Lucina giv’n him birth, 

And he beheld the splendour of the sun, 

When Actor’s son, Echecleus, to his house 


Conducted, and with ample dow’r enrich'd 


Xvi. THE ILIAD, 


And married Polymela; but her sire 
Phylas the child receiv’d, and fondly lov’d. 

The third Pisander led, well skill’d to throw 
The quiy'ring lance; of all the Myrmidons, 
Patroclus might alone with him contend. 

Time-honour’d Pheenix held the fourth command: 
The fifth Alcimedon, Laerceus’ son. 196 

These with their leaders all in order rang’d, 
Achilles issued thus his strict commands : 

“ Brave Myrmidons, remember now the threats 
“ Once utt’red at our ships, what time fell rage 200 
‘* My breast inflam’d, and J your blame incurr'd, 

“ In words like these: ‘ Unhappy Peleus’ son ! 

"Ὁ Nurtur'd with gall, implacable, that thus 
“Unwilling you detain us at your ships: 

‘“ «Then to our several homes return we back, 205 
“ ©Since thus dire anger all thy soul absorbs :’ 

*« Thus were ye heard to say. Behold, that war 


€ 


Which then you did demand appears in view ; 
“ Yonder the foe; there be your courage tried : 

“ Now.with the Trojans let the braye engage.” 210 
With words like these he al] their valour rais'd, 
And ardour for the fight: at his command 

They clos‘d their ranks. As when with polish’d 


stones 


100 THE ILIAD. 


The skilful workman builds the solid wall 


Of some proud palace, a defence from storms; 215 


So close conjoin’d helmets and shields appear'd, 


And shields and helmets clash’d, and man with man; 
And crested cones shone dreadful as they mov’d 
Waving aloft; so close their martial files. 
Two valiant chiefs in glitt'ring armour clad, 220 
Patroclus and Automedon, advane’d 
Before the rest, all eager to engage, 

And now Achilles hast’ned to his tent, 
And from the well-wrought chest, by Thetis’ care 
Embark’d, and fill’d with rich habiliments, 225 
With mantles furr’d, and splendid tapestry, 
A cup emboss’d he took, with wondrous art 
Sculptur'd, from which no mortal man might drink, 
Nor pour libation to Saturnian Jove, 
Save Peleus’ son alone: this from the chest 230 
He took; and first with sulphur purified, 
And wash'd with water; then hig hands he cleans’d ; 
Then fill’d the cup with wine, and in the midst 
Standing with eyes to heav’n uprais’d he pour’d 
Libation due, and thus address’d his pray’r: 235 

“Ὁ great Pelasgian Jove, who dwell’st aloft 
“ High-thron’d, whose pow’r Dodona’s wintry realm 


“ Acknowledgeth, where live thy sacred priests 


XVI. THE ILIAD. 101 
« The Selli; on the ground their humble bed, 


“ Unwash’d their feet: thou whilom heard’st my 
““ pray’r, 240 
And punishing the Greeks, didst honour me ; 
O hear me now, and grant me this request : 
I at my ships as heretofore remain; 
My lov’d companion to the war I send 
With many Myrmidons: O mighty Jove, 245 
Give honour to my friend; inspire his soul 
With courage undismay’d, that Hector own 
His valour in the ranks of war, nor think 
The spear then only rages in his hand 
When I direct the war. But when repell’d 250 
The danger from our fleet, grant he return 
Safe with his arms and all his warlike troops.” 
Thus he preferr’d the prayr. Jove heard his 
words, 
And granted part, and part dispers’d in air: 
To save the ships and to repel the foe 
He gave; but to return in safety thence 
He granted not. Libation duly made, 
And earnest pray'r to mighty Jove addrest, 
Achilles to his tent returning, plac’d 
The sacred cup within the chest secure ; 


Then issued from the tent with hasty step, 


102 THE ILIAD. 


Eager to view conflicting hosts in arms, 

Trojans and Myrmidons in battle join’d. 

And now around Mencetius’ warlike son 

The Myrmidons all-arm’d to battle mov'd. 265 
As pours the numerous swarm of wasps, disturb’d 

By wanton boys, near to some public way 

Ever annoy’d; thus inconsiderate, 

Their idle sport produces general ill; 

Them oft the passing traveller unaware 

Incenses; him the irritable race 

Attack courageous, and defend their young: 

Forth from the ships thus ρου ἃ the Myrmidons 

With courage fir’d, and noise immense arose ; 

But thus Patroclus animates his troops : 275 
* OQ Myrmidons! companions dear in arms 

Of swift Achilles, be your courage known, 

‘¢ Now be ye men indeed; so shall our chief 

*« Achilles, bravest of the Grecian host, 

“* Reap honour, and Atrides’ self confess 280 

* His fault, who hath the bravest chief disgrac’d.” 
Thus saying, he their courage rous’d to arms ; 

Forth rush’d they to the fight: the shout of war 

Dreadful resounded from the hollow ships. 
But when the Trojans saw Meneetius’ son 285 


In shining armour clad, astonishment 


XVI. THE ILIAD. 103 


And terror seiz'd their minds; for well they thought 

Pelides’ self advancing to the fight, 

His anger all dismist: on every side 

They fied, if haply they might death escape. 290 
Patroclus first his well-aim’d jav’lin hurl’d 

Fuil in the midst where throng’d the numerous foe 

Tumultuous at the half-burnt vessel’s stern, 

And smote Pyrechmen, who from Axius’ stream 

And Amydon the Pzons led to war, 295 

The point his shoulder pierc’d ; headlong he fell, 

Loud. groaning: his companions panic-struck 

Filed sudden when perceiv’d their leader slain : 


Such fear Patroclus’ presence shed around, 


And drove them from the ships, and check’d the fire. 
The vessel half consum’d the Trojans left: 80] 


The Greeks pursued in numbers, from the ships 


Forth issuing, and noise and tumult reign’d. 

As from the lofty mountain’s craggy brow 

Sudden the mighty Thunderer dispels 305 
The incumbent storm; each high projecting rock, 
The woods and headlands burst upon the sight, 
And all the vast expanse of heay’n appears : 

The Grecians thus removing from their shi ps 
Destructive fire, had time to breathe awhile. 310 
Nathless, the battle rag’d: for not as yet 


104 THE ILIAD. 


Did they entirely from the ships recede ; 

Routed, resisting still; fighting they fled 
Reluctant, prest by hard necessity ; 

And many fell by valiant heroes slain. 315 

Patroclus first slew Areilycus 
Turning to flight; the spear his thigh transfix’d, 
And broke the bone: headlong he fell to earth. 

By Menelaus’ spear brave Thoas fell; 

Beneath his shield the unguarded chest receiv'd 320 
The fatal point. Meges Amphiclus slew ; 

The spear preventing check’d his fierce attack, 
Pierc’d through the leg and cut the nerves in twain: 
Amphiclus fell, and darkness clos’d his eyes. 

Then by Antilochus Atymnius fell, 325 
Piere’d through the flank; when Maris with his 

lance 
Rush’d on indignant to avenge his death. 

Him Thrasymedes saw, and with his spear 
Preventing, wounded sore: the brazen point 
Piercing the shoulder cut the nerves, and broke 330 
The bone intwain; and darkness clos’d his eyes: 
He fell; his armour rang. ‘Two brothers thus 
Slain by two brothers, to the shades were sent 
Of Erebus: Sarpedon’s valued friends, 


The warlike sons of Amisodarus, 


XVI. THE ILIAD. 


Who dire Chimera, formless monster, bred, 
Fraught with destruction to the race of man. 
But Ajax Oileus Cleobulus seiz’d 
Alive; the throng prevented all escape ; 
And, smiting on his neck with added force, 340 
Of life depriv’d: the sword still warm remain’d 
Reeking with blood: darkness and death ensued. 
Now Lycon and Peneleus forward rush’d ; 
Their spears they aim’d and threw, but threw in vain: 
Kach with his sword assail’d: first Lycon smote 345 
The crested cone of brave Peneleus’ casque ; 
The shiv’red sword fell useless to the ground : 
Not so Peneleus ; just beneath his ear 
Lycon the wound receiv’d; his sever’d head 
Scarce to the body holds: he falls, and dies. — 350 
Meriones with quick pursuit o’ertook, 
And through the shoulder wounded Acamas, 
As he his chariot mounted: down he fell, 
And darkness clos’d his eyes. Then Erymas 


Fel] by the spear of brave Idomeneus: 355 


The brazen point pass’d under to the brain, 


Displac’d his teeth, and fill’d his eyes with gore: 
Scarce thro’ the nose and mouth gasping he breath’d; 
And the black cloud of death his eyes oerspread. 
Thus by each Grecian chief some Trojan died. 360 


106 THE ILIAD. 


As wolves destructive or on lambs or goats 
Infuriate rush, which scatt’red from the flock, 
By heedless shepherds left at large to stray, 
They seize resistless, and at ease devour ; 
So rush’d the Grecians on the Trojan foe 365 
Through fear disperst, and of their former deeds 
Forgetful. Still on Hector Ajax press’d, 
And aim’d his spear: protected by his shield, 
And skill in battle, Hector still observ’d, 
And cautious shunn’d the missive weapon’s stroke : 
Full well he knew the fate of battle chang’d; 371 
Yet did he dauntless stand to save his friends. 
As after calm from high Olympus’ top 
Thick clouds descending blur the face of heav’n 
When Jove his storm prepares; thus from the ships 
With shouts and terror fled they to repass 376 
The fosse in dread confusion: the swift steeds 
Bore Hector far away, his people yet 
Within the wall unwillingly detain’d. 
Then many coursers fled, and left their cars 380 
Within the trench, o’erturn’d and broken down. 
Patroclus still pursued, exhorting loud 
The Greeks, and meditating ills severe 
To ‘Troy and all her host: with fear opprest 
On every side they fled; in clouds the dust 


XVI. THE ILIAD. 


Uprose as o'er the plain the coursers ran, 
Quitting the ships and tents with utmost speed. 
Patroclus where confusion most prevail’d 
Shouting pursued. Then many heroes fell 
Beneath the wheels of chariots overthrown, 390 
Whilst the immortal steeds, by heav'’nly pow’rs 
To Peleus given, with ease.the fosse o'erpass'd ; 
For he intent on Hector urg’d them on, 
Whom far away his raptd coursers bore. 
As o'er the fields the incumbent deluge pours 395 
Its weight of waters when autumnal storms 
And tempests vex the earth, by angry Jove 
From heav’n sent down to punish humankind 
For laws perverted, sacred rites profan’d ; 
For crimes like these the rivers overflow, 400 
And wasting torrents from the mountain heights 
Form the deep chasm and rush into the sea 
With dashing roar, and blot the works of man: 
Thus rush’d the Trojan coursers o'er the plain. 
When now Patroelus all escape to Troy 405 
Had intercepted, and hemm’d-in the foe 
Between the river and the ships and walls 
Of Troy, with furious onset he renew'd 
The slaughter. Pronous first the spear receiv'd ; 


His chest transfixt: he fell, his armour rang. 410 


108 THE ILIAD. 


Next Thestor felt his force, brave Enops’ son ; 

He on his chariot seat contracted sat, 

For much his mind misgave, and from his hands 

The reins fell useless: when advancing near 

Patroclus piere’d his jaws and quivring teeth, 415 

And dragg’d him from his car. As when a man, 

Seated on some projecting rock, drags forth 

From ocean’s depths some fish of larger size 

With line and hook; so dragg’d he Enops’ son, 

Then shook him from the spear: he falls, and dies! 

Next with a stone he smote Eryalus, 421 

And clave in twain the scull within the casque: 

Headlong he fell, and bitter death ensued. 

Then in succession fell Amphoterus, 

Epaltes, Erymas, Tlepolemus 

Damastor’s son; Pyren, and Echius, 

Ipheus, Euippus, Polumelus son 

Of Argeas: but when Sarpedon saw 

His friends, distinguish’d by their flowing robes, 

Despoil’d of life and arms, he thus exclaim’d: 430 
“ Shame, Lycians! shame! why this disgraceful 

“ flight? 
“ I will this man confront, and know who thus 
“ Doth conquer and afflict the Trojan host ; 


“ For many chiefs have fall’n beneath his arm.” 


XVI. THE ILIAD. 109 


He spake; and from his chariot leap’d forthwith: 
When him Patroclus saw, he too leap’d forth 436 
Eager, As vultures with incurved beaks, 

And talons sharp, on some high rock contend, 
Screaming ; so they loud shouting rush’d to war. 

Jove with compassion mov'd the contest saw, 440 

And Juno thus address’d: “ Thus do the Fates, 

“ Ah me the while! destine my son to die 

“ By Mencetiades: yet doubtful thoughts 

«« My mind divide; to save him and convey 

“ To Lycia, or permit him thus to fall.” 445 

Juno replied: “ O great Saturnian Jove! 

| Why words like these? or why the destin’d time 
Of man prolong, and bid him live again? 

' Do so; yet know, we pow’rs much disapprove : 
Nay more, and let my words attention meet: 450 
If thus, to Lycia’s realm restor'’d again, 

Sarpedon live, then other gods may claim 

' Like privilege, and save their sons in war; 

For many fight round Ilium’s lofty walls 

‘ Offspring of gods, who well might take offence. 

ς If then thy love be such, and such thy grief, 456 
Yet suffer him in battle thus to fall 
Βν Mencetiades; and when of light 
And life depriv’d, let Death and Sleep convey 


110 THE ILIAD, XVI. 


“ Thy son to Lycia’s realm: there let his frends 
« And citizens perform such sacred rites 461 
“ Of sepulture as due, and sculptur’d stone 
« And elevated pillar mark his place 
““ Of rest; such honours have the dead alone.” 
Thus Juno spake: nor did Saturnian Jove 465 
Her counsel disapprove ; but on the earth 
Show’red drops of blood in honour of his son, 
Whom much he lov’d, now by Patroclus’ spear 
Fated to die far from his native land, 
And now each chief advance’d. Patroclus first 476 
Smote Thrasymelus, frrend and charioteer 
Of brave Sarpedon: the unerring Jance 
Pass’d through his groin, and stretch’d him on the 
plain. 
And now Sarpedon hurl'd his spear, but miss’d 
Patroclus valiant chief, whose horse receiv'd 75 
The fatal wound ; the point his shoulder pierc’d : 
Then fell swift Pedasus, and in the dust 
Writhing expir'd, Forthwith the immortal steeds 
Started aside; the strained axle creak’d ; 
The traces all confus'd, the leader slain. 480 
Automedon perceiv'd, and quick redress'd 
The mischief; with his sword the entangled traee 


He cut: when freed from all embarrassment 


XVI. THE ILIAD. 111 


The immortal coursers stood. The chiefs again 
Renew’'d the combat: first Sarpedon’s spear 485 
Pass’d nigh but miss’d Patroclus; who with force 
Superior smote, nor miss'd his foe, but pierc’d 
The region of the heart. As some tall oak, 
Or pine, or poplar, which the woodman’s axe 
Falls on the mountain top, to be the mast 490 
Of some proud vessel ; thus Sarpedon fell 
Beneath his car extended on the plain, 
Still gnashing, grasping still the clotted dust. 
And as the lion from the herd selects 
The stately bull of high and generous breed, 495 
Who groaning dies beneath the monster’s jaws ; 
So by Patroclus fell the Lycian chief, 
Who thus in agonies his friend address’d - 
“Glaucus, my friend, companion brave in arms, 
“ Now be thy valour tried ; exert thy strength 500 


“ And courage in the war: be thy first care 


ἐς 


The Lycians to exhort, that for their king 


€¢ 


They bravely fight; and thou thyself maintain 


“ Fierce combat round thy now expiring friend. 


“ Eternal shame and sorrow will be thine, 505 


“ If in this combat at the ships commenc’d, 


“ The Grecian chiefs despoil me of my arms: 


c¢ 


Encourage then our host, and bravely dare.” 


112 THE ILIAD. XVI. 


He spake: death clos’d his eyes; he breath’d no 
more : 
The victor’s heel insults the dying chief: . 510 
The spear withdrawn life issued from the wound. 
Meantime the Myrmidons his coursers seiz’d. 
With deep-felt sorrow Glaucus heard his words, 
Unable to assist: stillan his arm 
Wrankled the wound, and all his pains increas’d : 
‘Teucer’s unerring shaft had giv’n the wound, 516 
His host defending. Pressing with his hand 
The place, to Phoebus he address’d his pray’r : 
“ Hear, potent god, whether or Lycia’s realm 
Or Troy thy presence boast ; for thou canst hear 
“ The afflicted soul though distant, and relieve 521 
“ Woes great as mine. This heavy wound I bear, 
“ And pains acute, nor may the blood be staid: 
“ς All-useless is this arm; nor can I grasp 
“ My spear, or with the foe contend in arms. 525 
“ Extended in the dust Sarpedon lies, 
Chief of renown, boasting descent from Jove, 
‘ Who grants no succour to his helpless son. 
But do thou gracious hear: assuage my pains, 
Heal my sore wound ; and all my strength restore; 
That I may rouse to arms the Lycian bands, 531 


And fighting vindicate his sad remains.” 


KVI, THE ILIAD. 


Thus pray’d he; and Apollo heard his pray’r, 
Assuag’d the pain and heal’d the bleeding wound, 
And with fresh vigour all his soul inspir’d, 535 
Glaucus with conscious joy the pow’r divine 
Confess’d, and granted pray’r; then rous’d to arms 
The Lycian foree: from rank to rank he strode, 
Exxhorting all the chiefs bravely to fight, 
And vindicate Sarpedon’s sad remains. 
Then to the Trojan chiefs he loudly call’d 
To Panthus’ warlike son Polydamas, 
And brave Agenor, to Anchises’ son, 
To Hector’s self in brazen armour clad, 
Whom near approaching Glaucus thus address’d - 
“ Hector, thou dost forget thy brave allies, 546 
‘* Who from their friends, and from their country 
‘far. 
Perish ; nor dost thou give thy promis’d aid. 
Extended on the plain Sarpedon lies 
Breathless, whose courage and whose virtues rare 
Did Lycia’s realm sustain; him brazen Mars 55] 
Hath by the spear of dread Patroclus slain. 
Let then. just indignation fire thy breast, 
And let us on, lest these fierce Myrmidons 
Despoil his arms, and treat his sad remains 555 


VOL, 11, I 


114 THE ILIAD. XVI. 


« With mark’d disgrace; revenging thus the loss 
“ Of many heroes at their ships destroy’d.” 
He spake: severest grief each Trojan fir'd 


With rage unconquerable: much they lovd 


Sarpedon, firm protector of their walls, 560 


Though not of Trojan birth; by numerous troops 

Attended, and excelling much in war. 

Then rush’d they to the battle; Hector led. 
Meantime Patroclus to the Grecian chiefs, 

To Ajax thus exclaim’d: “ O now, brave friends, 
Let more than usual vigour nerve your arm ; 566 
That man is slain who first o’erleap’d our wall; 
Let us then seize the spoil and spurn his corpse, 
And slay those Trojans who shall dare oppose.” 
He spake: they eager for the war prepar’d. 570 

Now Trojans Lycians, Myrmidons and Greeks, 

With dreadful shoutings to the onset rush’d ; 

Dire was the clash of arms: then Jove supreme 

Pernicious darkness o’er the battle spread, 

Whilst rag’d the conflict for his much-lov’d son 575 

Sarpedon: first the Trojan arms prevail’d, 

For no mean warrior of the Myrmidons, 

Epigeus, Agacleus’ son, was slain, 


Who in Budeum well-built city dwelt, 


XVI. THE ILIAD. 115 


Where chief command he bore; till banish’d thence, 
For that his kinsman he had newly slain: 
To Peleus, and his silver-footed spouse’ 
Thetis, he suppliant came: they to the walls 
Of Troy, companion to Achilles, sent 
The youth to war; him stretching forth his hand 
To seize the prostrate corpse Hector assail’d, 586 
And with a stone of weight enormous smote 
Full on his casque, and cleft his head in twain: 
Prone on Sarpedon to the ground he fell 
Lifeless himself, for bitter death ensued. 590 

Patroclus sorely griev’d, his friend thus slain, 
Forth thro’ the ranks he rush’d. As the swift.hawk 
The fearful starling or the daw invades; 
Thus on the Lycians and the Trojans rush’d 
Patroclus, for his slaught’red friend enraged, 
And hurl’d a stone, which Sthenelaus smote, 
Son of Ithemenes: the cumbrous mass 
His neck invading, all the tendons broke: 
The Trojan chiefs, and Hector’s self retir’d. 
Far as the jav'lin’s flight when youth contends 600 
In sport, or at a foe his weapon hurls, 
Prest by the Greeks the Trojans back retir’d. 

But Glaucus, leader of the Lycian force, 
First turn’d himself from flight, and slew the son 


I 2 


116 THE ILIAD. 


Of Chalcon nam’d Bathycles, chief of fame ; 

Who dwelt in Hellas, and in wealth surpass’d 

The richest Myrmidons: with sudden turn, 

And quick pursuit, him Glaucus overtook, 

And pierc’d his chest: he fell, his armour rang. 

Bathycles slain, grief seiz'd the Grecian host: 610 

But Troy rejoie’d exulting, and mov’d on 

Intent to reap the spoil; nor did the Greeks 

Give way, but on the foe advancing, fought. 

Then slew Meriones a Trojan chief, 

Laogonos, Onetor’s warlike son, 

Priest of Ideean Jove, by all rever'd: 

Between the jaw and ear the weapon pass’d ; 

Then fled his soul, and darkness veil'd his eyes. 
Now at Meriones Aineas aim’d 

His brazen spear, as with quick step he mov’d 620 

Protected by his shield, and hop’d success: 

He saw, and shunn’d the danger, bending low ; 

The spear behind him stood infixt in earth, 

Still quiv ring; there its force and fury staid. 

When thus Anchises son indignant spake : 


“ Meriones, though skilful in the dance, 


My spear not missing thee had check’d thy speed.” 


Meriones replied: ““ However brave, 


‘neas, yet ’t were difficult to quell 


XVI. THE ILIAD. 117 


“ ‘The force of all who may thy arm oppose; 630 


14 


For that thyself art mortal, let this spear 
“ But strike thee once; though great, and in thy 
strength 
“ Confiding, thou shalt give no small renown 
‘ To me; thy soul to Pluto’s gloomy realm.” 
He spake: when him Patroclus thus rebuk’d: 635 
Meriones, though brave, why this discourse ? 
My friend, it is not by reproachful words 
The foe retreats, and leaves the spoil to us, 
Till some are stretch’d on earth: in council words. 
In war the hand decides: no longer then 640 
Use fruitless words, but boldly dare the fight.” 
He spake, and led the way: him follow’d quick 
Godlike Meriones. As when the noise 
Of woodmen sounds remote within the depths 
And hollows of the mountain; such the sound 645 
Of brazen arms, of helmets and of shields, 
From frequent stroke of sword or rapid spear. 
Nor might the most intelligent discern 
Divine Sarpedon, so defac’d was he 
From head to feet with wounds and blood and dust. 
Still round his corpse they throng’d: as the thick 
swarm 651 


Of vernal flies with busy hum surround 


118 THE ILIAD. XVI. 


The vessels fill’d with milk, so they the corpse 


r 


Phrong’d round tumultuous: nor did Jove avert 
His penetrating eye, but view’d the fight, 655 
Debating much, whether incontinent 
Upon the body of his much-lov'd son 
Illustrious Hector should Patroclus slay, 
And take the spoil; or to increase the woes 
And labour of the field. Thus he resolv’d, 660 
That the brave friend of Peleus’ warlike son 
The Trojans should repulse, and Hector flee 
Back to the city after loss severe. 

With this intent he Hector’s soul with fear 
Inspir'd, who vaulting in his chariot fled, 
And others urg’d to flight ; for well he knew 
Jove’s purpose chang’d, and sunk the Trojan scale. 

No longer then the Lycidns stood their ground; 
But fled confus’d, when seen their slaught’red king 
Pierc’d through the heart, and mingled with the dead; 
For many with him fell when Jove increas'd 671 
The battle’s rage: then of his glitt’ring arms 
With brass embost, they stript Sarpedon’s corpse ; 


These to the ships Patroclus’ friends convey’d. 


Then cloud-compelling Jove to Phoebus spake : 675 


““ Haste, Phoebus, much-belov’d; descending, 


hse 


THE ILIAD. 


Sarpedon, from the battle far remov'd 

And hostile darts, and with pure water wash 

His blood-stain’d corpse; then with ambrosial oil 

Anointed, and in robes divine attir’d, 680 

Let Sleep and Death, twin-born, conductors swift, 

Convey him to his friends in Lycia’s realm, 

Who, after due funereal rites perform’d, 

The monumental stone and lofty tomb 

Shall raise: such honours claim the dead alone.” 

Thus spake he: nor did Phoebus disobey 686 

His Father’s strict command: from Ida’s top 

Descending to the battle, he remov’d 

Divine Sarpedon far from hostile darts ; 

Then with pure water wash’d the blood-stain’d 

corpse ; 690 

And when anointed with ambrosial oil, 

And in habiliments divine attir’d, 

To Sleep and Death consign’d, brothers twin-born, 

Conductors swift, who quick as thought convey’d 

Sarpedon to the wealthy Lycian realm. 695 
And now Patroclus with Automedon, 

Encouraging his coursers, still pursued 

The foe, to his own harm: improvident ! 

Had he observ’d Achilles’ strict com mand, 


He might have death escap d: but the high will 700 


120 THE ILIAD. 


Of Jove o’er-rules the purpose of mankind ; 
Who can with ease disarm the brave, and turn 
Success from him whom first he urg’d to war ; 
As from Patroclus now. Whom first, whom last, 
When call’d thyself by Fate’s o’er-ruling pow'r, 705 
Didst thou, Patroclus, slay + Adrastus first, 
Autonous, Echeclus, Perimus 
Of Megas’ son: then Menalippus fell, 
Epistor, Elasus, and Mulius, 
And brave Pylartes: others turn’d, in flight 710 
Their safety sought. Now by Patroclus’ hand 
The Greeks had taken Troy, so fierce he fought ; 
But on the well-built tow’r Apollo stood, 
Betiding ill to him, to Troy success. 

Thrice did Patroclus mount the lofty wall; 715 
Him thrice Apollo headlong back repell’d, 
Striking with hand divine his glitt’ring shield ; 
But when again with more than mortal force 
He onward rush’d, him thus with stern rebuke 


» Ὦξι 


The god address'd: “ Retire, Patroclus, hence, 720 
“< For not by spear of thine do Fates decree 
The fall of Troy: no; not by him who boasts 
Might far superior, Peleus’ warlike son.” 


He spake: Patroclus back in fear retir’d. 


Shunning the vengeance of the god of day. 


XVI. THE ILIAD. 


But Hector at the Scean gate detain’d 
His chariot, doubtful whether to renew 
The fight, or to collect within the walls 
His scatt’red forces: him debating thus 
Apollo near approach’d, in form a youth 730 
Like Asius, and in strength; to Hector near 
And Hecuba allied, brave Dymas’ son, 
Who dwelt by Phrygian Sangar’s fertile stream ; 
In form like him thus spake the god of day: 
“Why ceaseth Hector from the battle’s rage? 735 
It is not well: inferior as I am, 
Did but my strength so much thy force exceed, 
Thou shouldst for this neglect most dearly pay : 
‘ Then boldly on the foe thy steeds direct, 
“‘ And hasten to the fight: should Phoebus aid, 740 
“ Patroclus falls, and glory will be thine.” 
Thus spake the god, and mingled in the war. 
Cebriones, so Hector gave command, 
Drove where the battle rag’d: Phoebus meantime 
Mov’d onward in the throng, and fear impress’d 745 
On every Grecian mind; but glory gave 
To Hector and his host: the Trojan chief 
Disdaining weaker foes, right onward drove 
Impetuous, on Patroclus sole intent. 


Then leap’d Patroclus from his car; this hand 750 


122 THE ILIAD. 


A spear, and that a stone of larger size, 

Rough, craggy, grasp’d; which, straining every nerve, 

He threw; nor threw in vain. Cebriones 

From Priam sprung, but of ignoble birth, 

The charioteer of Hector, felt its weight : 

Full on his head the cumbrous mass descends, 

Shivers the bone, and from their socket thrusts 

His eyeballs to the ground. As one expert 

In diving, from the lofty car he fell 

Headlong to earth, and life his frame forsook. 

When thus Patroclus spake in taunting guise : 

“* Heav’ns! with what rare facility he dives! 

‘ Were he at sea, what numbers might he feed 
Diving for oysters from his vessel’s side, 


As from his horses now! such men hath Troy.”’ 


Thus saying, on Cebriones he rush’d: 


As the gaunt lion who the stall invades 

Dies by those wounds his dauntless soul provokes : 
Thus eager rush’d Patroclus to the spoil ; 

With equal haste sprang Hector from his car. 770 
As lions for Cebriones they mov’d 

Contention fierce, who in the mountain top 

By hunger prest, with courage undismay’d, 

For the slain stag contend ; thus fierce engag’d 


Patroclus and the warlike chief of Troy, 


XVI. THE ILIAD. 


On slaughter bent, Cebriones around : 

This with firm grasp the prostrate chieftain’s head 
Seizes, and that his feet: with equal rage 
Trojans and Greeks the conflict dire maintain. 

As when contending winds the forest shake 780 
Deep in the hollow mountain’s side; or beech, 
Corneil, or ash, yield to the tempest’s rage, 

And break ; far off the dreadful crash is heard: 
Thus Greeks and Trojans to the battle mov'd 
Fearless, whilst all around Cebriones 

Spears, arrows, numberless infixed stood ; 

And stones of larger size the shields upon 

Smote vehement, as for his corpse they fought : 

Of stature vast he lay all in the dust 

Extended long, forgetful of his art. 790 

Whilst mov'd the sun to his meridian height, 
The weapons flew, and equal numbers fell ; 

But when he westward stoop’d his rapid course, 
Then against fate the Grecian arms prevail’d ; 
Then seiz’d they and from forth the battle dragg’d 
Cebriones, and stripp’d him of his arms. 796 

And now Patroclus on the Trojans rush’d ; 
Thrice rush’d he on like Mars with dreadful shock, 
Thrice fell nine Trojan chiefs beneath his sword. 


But when again like to some god in arms 800 


THE ILIAD. XVI. 


He rush’d, then life’s sad end to thee appear’d, 
Patroclus; then approach’d, with terror clad, 
Dread Pheebus ; yet by thee unseen, in clouds 
Impenetrable obscur’d as on he mov’d: 

Behind he stood, and with his potent hand 805 
Smote on his back and shoulders; at the stroke 
Dimm’d were his eyes: then Phoebus from his head 
The helmet cast to earth, which empty roll’d 
With hollow sound beneath the coursers feet, 

And all the crest with blood was stain’d and dust: 
For not till then might dust contaminate 

The crested casque which grac’d Achilles’ brow; 
Which now to Hector mighty Jove consign’d, 

Now borne by him, fast verging to his end: 

Then shiv’red fell his spear, huge, pond’rous, strong, 
From his enfeebled grasp; andfrom hisarm 815 
Dropp’d the vast orb of his enormous shield. 

The angry deity his corselet loos’d, 

Confus'd his sense, and palsied all his limbs. 

He stood aghast! when sudden from behind 820 
A Dardan with his spear his back transfix’d, 
Euphorbus, son of Panthus, who excell’d 

In horsemanship, in battle, and the race. 

When first essay’d the rudiments of war, 


He from their seats dismounted twenty youths. 825 


X VI. THE ILIAD. 


He gave the wound, yet did he not subdue ; 

But quick retir’d in fear the ranks among, 

Nor dar’d Patroclus thus disarm’d engage. 

O’erpower'd by Phoebus, and the sudden wound, 

Patroclus to the ranks retir’d, if thus 830 

He haply might escape. Hector observ'd 

The wounded chief retiring, and advane’d 

With hasty stride, and deep infix’d his spear 

Beneath the heart, and pierc’d his body through : 

He fell; then deeply griev'd the Grecian host. 835 
As when the lion and the boar contend, 

Who in the mountain’s height fierce conflict move 

For some small stream to slake their thirst withal, 

The lion’s strength subdues the foaming boar ; 

So Hector slew Patroclus, who himself 840 

Had numbers slain, and boasting thus exclaim’d: 
“ Patroelus, thou didst think, and vainly too, 
Our city to despoil, and captive bear 
The 'Trojan matrons to thy native land. 
Insensate! ‘tis for them the Hectorian steeds 845 
To battle speed their way; for them I wield 

' This spear, amongst-the warlike sons of Troy 
Excelling, to ward off that fatal day. 

“ Thee, wretched man! the vultures shal] devour: 


However brave no aid Achilles lends, 850 


tc 4 ° . 
“ Who when thou wentest forth did give perchance 


126 THE ILIAD. XVI. 


*¢ ‘This counsel: ‘ O return not, warlike friend, 
‘To these our ships till thou on Hector’s breast 
‘ «The corselet smear’d with gore hast rent in twain.’ 

Thus he; and thou didst idly believe his words.” 

Fainting in death Patroclus thus replied : 856 

Now, Hector, is thy boast, since Jove hath giv’n 

And Phoebus victory to thee; for they 

Subdued me first, and stripp’d me of my arms: 

Had twenty such as thou but met my force, 860 

They all had perish’d by my spear subdued: 

Me hath pernicious Fate and Pheebus slain, 

Next Panthus’ son: you lastly reap the spoil. 

But this I tell thee, and mark well my words, 

Not long shalt thou survive: already Death 865 

And Fate approach thee near ; destin’d to fall, 

And shortly too, by great Achilles’ arm.” 

He spake; thick darkness clos’d his eyes; his soul 
To Hades mournful fled ; youth, vigour, gone ! 

Him dead, Hector address’d: “ Why of my fate 
““ Prophetic thus? Who knows but he may fall, 871 
“* The son of Thetis, by this self-same spear ?” 

He spake; and from the wound the weapon drew, 
Spurn’d with his heel, and thrust to earth the corpse: 
Then on Automedon, Achilles’ friend, 875 
He rush’d: him far away the rapid steeds 


Divine, the splendid gift of heav’n, convey d. 


THE ILIAD. 


BOOK XVII. 


meee 


Bor Menelaus, Atreus’ son, perceiv’d 

Patroclus’ fate, by Trojan arms subdued ; 

And through the foremost ranks all-arm’d advane’d, 
And stalk’d around him. ‘Thus to guard her young 
The heifer moves, now first essay’d the pangs 5 
Maternal, and the pains which cause her moan. 


Thus Menelaus round Patroclus turn’d 


With spear and shield protecting, well prepar’d 


To slay that Trojan who should dare approach. 
Nor unobserv'd by Panthus’ warlike son 

Patroclus’ fall, whom near advancing thus 

To Atreus’ son he spake: “ Cease, valiant chief 

“ Belov’d of Jove, and leave the spoils to me: 

“ 1 first of all the Trojans or allies 

* ‘Transfix’d Patroclus in the bloody fight ; 
Then let me bear the glory and the praise, 
Lest thou too perish by my spear subdued.” 
Indignant, Menelaus thus replied : 


Great Jove! high boasting words become not man: 


race: pe pe te ree or Ss ea τ ᾿ 


ag 


Lihat ον igen τς. 


128 THE ILIAD. 


Not such the panther’s or the lion’s pride 
In fight, or the huge boar’s, whose conscious might 
Swells in his breast and flashes in his eyes; 
As the proud boast of Panthus’ warlike sons. 
No fruits of youth did Hyperenor reap, 
Who first reproach’d, then dard me to the fight ; 
Me whom he styl’d the weakest of our host 26 
In arms; yet never did he back return 

“ To glad his friends, his wife or children more. 
So shalt thou perish if thou dar’st withstand 
My force. Retire then to the ranks ; begone 30 
Ere ill betide thee: fools are taught too late.” 
He spake: Euphorbus not convine’d replied : 

‘ Now, Menelaus, thou shalt dearly pay 
My brother’s death; thou who dost make thy 

* boast, 

That thou hast caus’d the widow’s tears to flow, 
And the fond parent’s heart to burst with στοῦ: 
Some ease to woes like these ] might impart 
Bearing thy head and bloody spoils, a gift 
To Panthus and to Phrontis. But no more: 
Nor will I leave this labour unessay’d, 40 
if courage aught or terror may avail.” 
He spake; and smote with vehemence the shield; 


But pierc’d it not; the brazen orb repell’ Ϊ 


XVII. THE ILIAD. 129 


The blow, and turn’d the point: then rose the 
strength 

Of Menelaus, who to Jove supreme 45 

Addressing first his pray’r, full in his throat 

Infix’d the spear, and pressing on his foe 

With powrful arm, and adding all his weight, 

Forc'd on the point and pierc’d his tender neck : 

He fell to earth; his brazen armour rang. 50 

Then were those tresses which might well adorn 

The Graces, and those flowing curls with gold, 

With silver fillets bound, distain’d with gore. 

As when the husbandman tendeth with care 
The olive, and on some sequest’red spot 
Well-wat’red nourisheth the tender plant, 

Fair, flourishing, with buds of silver white 

Adorn’d, and mov’d by every softer breeze; 

When suddenly from heav’n the storm descends, 
Tears from its deep’ned bed, and lays itlow; 60 
So Panthus’ son, Euphorbus, spearman brave, 

By Menelaus slain, extended lay; 

His arms the victor’s spoil. The lion thus 

Fierce, in the mountain bred, invades the herd 
Feeding ; then separates the fairest beast, 65 
And seizing with his potent jaw o’erpow’rs 

First, then its entrails tears, and swills the Blood : 


VOL. II. K 


130 THE ILIAD. XVII. 


Whilst dogs and herdsmen distant clamours raise, 

Nor dare approach, such terror he inspires. 

So none dar’d Menelaus’ strength oppose : 

And he had reap’d the spoils an easy prey 

From Panthus’ son; but Phoebus interpos’d 

Envious, and Hector to the combat rous’d, 

Fierce as the god of war; in form he seem’d 

Mentes, Ciconian chief, and Hector thus 

In haste address’d: “ Vain, Hector, thy pursuit 

** ‘To gain the steeds of Peleus’ warlike son ; 

“ Steeds not to be subdued by mortal man, 
Except Achilles, from a goddess sprung. 

“ Meantime Euphorbus by the daring hand 80 


“ Of Menelaus falls, Patroclus round 


XVII. THE ILIAD. 131 


“ The spoils, and leave Patroclus lain thus low : 
“ And that my injur'd honour to protect ? 
What anger will not fire each Grecian breast! 95 
But should I singly dare the Trojan host 
And Hector, urg’d by shame; by numbers prest 
I may surrounded fall, for Hector leads 
‘ His host entire this way. Yet why debate, 
Why commune thus? Whoever dare contend 100 
With one thus aided by some pow’r divine 
Must quickly fall; nor will the Grecians blame 
If I from force superior thus retire: 
' But might I Ajax summon to my aid, 
We turning would renew the bloody fight, 105 


‘ Though by some god oppos’d ; if haply thus 


ween sai 


SUS τ er MN ae, area ae SS aie. μεν 


‘“ Fighting, and quell’d the fire of Panthus’ son.’’ δὲ . - 
ghting, ] : ᾿ We jointly might regain Patroclus’ corpse, 


Fae OS Aw: 


Thus spake the god, and mingled with the host. 


For Peleus’ son ; this least of present ills.” 


a, Ry 


‘hen bitter grief the soul of Hector ἢτ ἃ: ἐμ. Pe on bb 
Then bitter grie : Whilst thus debating in his mind he stood, 


aa cee 


eed eee repre 


re naan 
eee 


Quick he survey'd the war: the spoiler here 85 


Stripping the arms he saw, and there the dead 


Extended; from the wound fresh flow’d the blood. 
Then through the ranks, in shining armour clad, 
Shouting he rush’d, like the unextinguish’d flame 
Of Vulcan’s smithy. Not unheard his shout 90 
By Atreus’ son; who with. his mighty soul 


Thus c@averse held: “ And shall I then-desert 


The Trojan files advane'd, for Hector led. 

Then he retreated, and Patroclus left, 

Yet turn’d him oft. As doth the shaggy beast, 
Lord of the forest, fore’d by dogs and men, 

With shouting and with spears, to quit the stall, 

By fear assail’d unwillingly retire ; 115 
So Atreus’ son retreating left the corpse 

Till join’d his friends; then turning dar’d the foe, 


K 2 


132 THE ILIAD. XVII. 


And through the ranks with searching eye survey’d 
If Ajax he might find: him on the left 
He saw encouraging his friends to arms, 20 
Whom Pheebus had with dread and fear impress’d : 
With haste he ran, and thus address’d the chief: 
“Ὁ Ajax, friend belov’d, hither in haste 
Repair, that we may save Patroclus’ corpse, 
‘ And bear him naked thus to Peleus’ son: 
‘ We can no more, for Hector has his arms.” 
He spake; and rous’d great Ajax’ noble mind: 
And both advancing in the van appear’d: 
Just then, the body of its armour stript, 
Hector drage’d forth, all eager to strike off 130 
The head, and to the dogs cast forth his limbs; 
But Ajax with his tow’ring shield drew nigh: 
When Hector vaulting in his chariot fled, 
Exulting in the spoils, which safe to Troy 
The Trojans bore, proud trophy of his fame. 
But Ajax still protecting with his shield 
Patroclus, firmly stood. As round his young 
The lion, whom perchance the woods among 
The hunters meet, them with stern aspect first 
He views, then knits the terrors of his brow: 
Thus o'er Patroclus Ajax: whilst apart 


au 


Stood Atreus’ son, with bitter grief opprest. 


KVII. THE ILIAD. 


But Glaucus, chief of all the Lycian bands, 
Thus followed Hector with rebuke severe - 
* Hector, in form excelling, but in fight 
“ Defective ; high in fame, yet base withal : 
“ Consider well how with thy native troops 
Thou best the city and the state mayst guard ; 
For not one Lycian more shall dare engage 
‘ To save that city: "tis a thankless cause 150 
Thus without ceasing to contend in arms: 


‘ Or whom of note inferior wilt thou save, 


‘ Base man! since left thy faithful friend and guest, 


Sarpedon, to the Greeks a spoil and prey ? 
Him, who whilst living did advantage Troy 155 
' And thee, thou dost not from the dogs protect. 

If with my Lycians I may aught prevail, 
We go from hence, and leave proud Troy to fate. 
Had but the Trojans that determin’d mind, 
That courage which becomes a man engag’d 160 
His country to defend, and dare the war ; 
We might secure this corpse within the walls: 

‘ That once within the royal city lodg’d 
Of Priam, and from conflict far remov’d, 
The Greeks would soon Sarpedon’s arms restore 

‘““ In ransom, and him back return to Troy; 166 


‘* For with Patroclus fell the friend of him 


134 THE ILIAD. XVII. 


Who boasts amongst the Greeks superior might. 
For thee—thou dar’st not meet with steadfast eye, 
Nor fight with Ajax, braver far than thou.” 170 
To him, with angry looks, Hector replied : 
Why, Glaucus, and from thee this deep rebuke ? 
I did account thee wise among the chiefs 
Of Lycia’s wealthy realm ; but this thy speech 
Doth argue thee entitled to much blame. 175 
Thou say’st I dare not mighty Ajax meet 
In battle: Friend, it is not that I dread 
The clash of arms, or noise of prancing steeds; 
But ever must the will of Jove prevail, 
“ Who fear impresses on the brave, and turns 180 
‘ The tide of war, though he that war command. 
‘ Come then, my friend, and take thy stand by me; 
And note my deeds, if I from morn to eve 
‘ Am that base coward which thy words import : 
Yea, rather will I check the bravest Greek 185 
Who for Patroclus dare with me contend.” 
He spake; then to the Trojans loud exclaim’d : 
‘ Trojan and Lycian and Dardanian chiefs, 
Be men, my friends, and bravely dare the fight, 
Whilst I put on the arms of Peleus’ son 190 
* Won from Patroclus, whom this spear subdued.” 


r 


(hus saying, Hector by his varied crest 


KVIT. THE ILIAD. 135 


Distinguish’d, left the field, and with quick pace 

Soon overtook those Trojan friends who bore 

To Ilium’s lofty tow’rs Achilles’ arms; 

And from the horrors of the fight remov’'d, 

His armour chang’d: his own to sacred Troy 

The warlike Trojans (so he bade) convey'd. 

Clad in the immortal arms confest he stood 

Of Peleus; for on him the pow’rs of heav’n 

The valued gift bestow’d: he, full of years, 

Then gave them to his son, not in those arms 

Destin’d by fate to number length of days. 
Whom when the Ruler of the sky survey’d 

Apart, and glorying in Achilles’ arms; 

Commiserating much, he way’d his head 

And commun’d thus: “ Unfortunate of men! 

* Who thinkest not of death though death be near: 

But hast thyself invested with the arms 

Of him, the bravest of the sons of men, 210 

Whom others dread; nay more, hast slain his 
“ friend, 


Of temper mild as brave, and from his limbs 


Stripp’d off those arms in most unseemly guise. 


Yet shalt thou brilliant honours reap awhile 


For this—that thou no more mayst know return 


136 THE ILIAD. 


“ From battle, and Andromache no more 

“ Unloose those arms from Hector’s wearied limbs.” 
He spake: a nod confirm’d his fixt resolve. 

Then fitted he those arms to Hector’s form: 

Dread Mars his soul with strength and vigour fill’d, 

As to his brave allies he bent his way, 220 

Shouting aloud: to them he seem’d in arms 

Achilles’ self. Thus he each several chief 

Encourag’d : Asteropzeus, Mesthles, 

Disenor, Glaucus and Hippothous, 

Thersilochus, Phorcys, Medon, Chromius, 225 

And Ennomus well skill’d in augury. 

“ς Hear me, ye brave and numerous allies, 

“ Friends, neighbours! Not to swell the pomp of war 
With numbers have I summon’d you to arms 230 
Each from his city; but with willing minds 
To aid me in defence of those we hold 
Most dear, our wives and children: with this 

ἐς view, 
In presents, in provision, I exhaust 

‘ My people; you meantime the vantage reap. 
Turn then, my friends, and instant let us on 
To die or conquer; *tis the fate of war. 


He then who shall Patroclus’ body drag 


XVII. THE ILIAD. 137 


“ From them to us, and Ajax shall repulse, 

“ Shall share with me the spoils, the honour share.” 
He spake: they on the Grecians shouting rush’d 

Their spears advancing, and elate with hope, 

From Ajax to bear off Patroclus dead - 

Improvident! for numbers Ajax slew, 

Who quickly Menelaus thus address’d - 

“ Oson of Atreus, friend belov’d of Jove, 
‘ Scarce from this contest may we safe return : 
‘ Not for Patroclus are my fears so great, 
(To dogs and birds of Troy full soon a prey), 
As for myself and thee. Hector this way 250 
Rolls on the gath’ring tempest of the war, 
“ In clouds obscur’d, and quick destruction low’rs : 
‘ Call then the bravest of our host to aid.” 
He spake; nor Menelaus disobey’d ; 

But to the Grecians loudly thus exclaim’d: 255 
““ Friends, counsellors, and leaders of our host, 
Who share with Atreus’ sons the genial feast, 
And bear command ; whose honour is from Jove; 
I may not well each several chief discern, 

So widely do the flames of war extend - 260 
Let each come forth spontaneous: great our shame 


Should dogs devour Patroclus’ sad remains.” 


He spake: him Ajax Oileus quickly heard, 


138 THE ILIAD. 


And first advane’d; then came Idomeneus, 

And then Meriones like Mars in fight ; 265 
Then numbers, whom ’t were difficult for man 

To name, rush’d onward, and the fight renew’d. 
The Trojans first engag’d, for Hector led. 

As when the swelling surge from ocean’s flood 
The rushing torrent meets, when Jove in storms 270 
Descends, far off is heard the dashing roar, 

And distant shores rebellow with the noise ; 

Such was the clamour of the T rojan host. 

But round Patroclus ptess’d the Grecian force 
United, shield with shield compacted firm. 275 
Saturnian Jove around their glitt’ring casques 
Thick darkness pour’d; for he did not abhor 
Patroclus living, and Achilles’ friend ; 

Him would he less a prey to dogs consign 

When numb’red with the dead: for this he rous’d 
The spirit of his friends in his defence. 281 
First o’er the Greeks the Trojan arms prevail’d ; 
They fled and left the dead : yet not so much 

For loss sustain’d, the foe alone intent 

To seize the corpse: but quickly to the charge 285 
The Greeks return’d, and Ajax led them on ; 

Ajax, in form in deeds excelling all 


But him who all excell’d, great Peleus’ son: 


XVII. THE ILIAD. 139 


Then mov'd he through the ranks like the huge boar 

In might, who youthful hunters and their dogs 290 

With ease disperses, bursting through the wood. 
Thus Telamonian Ajax quick dispers’d 

The Trojan phalanx which had pour'd around 

Patroclus, hoping thus to bear him off 

To Troy, and share the spoil, the glory share. 295 

“T'was then Hippothous, Lethus’ valiant son, 

Had to Patroclus’ feet made fast a thong ; 

Just then was dragging him, and Troy approv’d : 

When sudden ill, which no one might avert 


However willing, on himself descends, 300 


Him Ajax, rushing through the thickest ranks, 


Smote vehement, and piere’d his brazen casque ; 

The brain mingled with blood from forth the wound 

Fast flow’d the spear around: there ceas’d his 

strength. 

Patroclus’ foot fell instant from his grasp, 305 

And stretch’d upon the dead Hippothous lay : 

Far distant from Larissa’s fertile soil 

He lay; no kind return to parents made 

For early nurture; short his fleeting days, 

Slain by the mighty Telamonian spear. 310 
Then Hector aiming hurl’d his rapid lance 


At Ajax, who foreseeing shunn’d the blow: 


140 THE ILIAD. 


Schedius, the son of Iphitus, receiv’d 
The fatal point; in Panope he dwelt, 
City renown’d, of the Phocenses chief ; 
And numerous subjects own’d his regal sway. 
Him in the throat he smote; the brazen point 
Impell’d with force onward the shoulder piere’d: 
He fell; his armour rang upon the plain. 
Then Ajax through the body Phznops’ son, 320 
Brave Phorcys, piere’d, as round Hippothous 
He stalk’d; the spear his corselet tore, and drank 
His entrails: prone he fell, and grasp’d the dust: 
The foremost ranks and Hector back retir’d - 
The Grecians shouted, and despoil’d the slain. 325 
Then had the Trojans to their city fled 
In terror, vanquish’d by the Grecian arms, 
And by their courage and their might the Greeks 
Had honour reap'd beyond the will of Jove; 
But Pheebus, like to Periphas in form, 330 
Herald renown’d, the son of /Epytis, 
Encouraging Aneas, counsell’d thus: 
“* AEneas, say how might we Troy protect 
“ Against the will of Jove? Yet I have seen 
“« Men in their valour, strength, and fortitude, 335 
“ In numerous forces, strangers all to fear, 


“ Confiding, have prevail’d: but Jove to us. 


XVII. THE ILIAD. 


““ Not to the Greeks inclines: O be not then 
“ Remiss in fight; but manfully contend.” 

He spake; Aineas knew the god confest 340 
Apollo, and to Hector thus exclaim’d: 

“* Hector, and ye brave chiefs, allies of Troy, 

“ What dire disgrace, should we be thus repuls’d, 
“ And driven back to Troy through abject fear! 

“ Some deity hath now this truth reveal’d, 345 
“ That Jove, who governs all, doth aid our cause: 
** Then let us on; nor suffer them to bear 

“ Patroclus unresisted, to their ships.” 

He spake; and eager to the foremost ranks 
Advanc’d: the Trojans turn’d and dar’d the foe. 350 
fEneas first slew brave Leocritus 
Son of Arisbas, Lycomedes’ friend, 

Who sorely griev'd his loss; and from the ranks 
Forthwith advancing, hurl’d his glitt’ring lance, 
And Apisaon son of Hippasus 355 
Transfix’d, and stretch’d him lifeless on the plain. 
From fair Pzonia’s fertile land he came ; 

Next to Asteropzus, chief in arms. 

Then griev’d Asteropzus, and mov’d on 
Eager to fight: yet might he not engage, 360 


So close around the dead in firm array 


The Grecians guarding with their shields, oppos’d. 


142 THE ILIAD. 


Ajax on all sides issued his commands, 
That none dare quit the body, none retreat : 
Nor yet before the ranks advance; but form 366 
The solid phalanx, and close fight maintain : 
Thus Ajax gave command. The ground meantime 
Was wet with gore, for many dying fell, 
Trojans and brave allies, and Grecian chiefs ; 
For these too loss sustain’d, though less severe, 370 
From mutual succour to each other giv Ὦ. 

Like fire the battle raged; scarce might one 

deem 

Or sun or moon to hold their usual course, 
So thick a cloud of darkness them involv'd. 
But in the distant field, Trojans and Greeks 375 
Still leisurely engag’d: there in full day 
Shone the bright sun unclouded on the earth: 
Distant these fought, now ceasing, now engag’d, 
And shunn’d each missive spear. But in the midst 
Involv'd in darkness rag’d the bloody fight, 380 
And many heroes fell. Two chiefs, the while, 
Of fame illustrious, had not heard the fate 
Of Mencetiades, Antilochus, 
And Thrasymedes: him they thought, engag’d 
Where most the tumult of the battle reign'd. 385 


Distant these fought, and distant view'd the deaths 


XVII. THE ILIAD; 143 


Of many Greeks ; so Nestor gave command, 
When from the ships he sent them forth to war. 
From morn to eve endurd the battle’s rage, 
And conflict dire; with labour and with sweat 390 
Their limbs and feet beneath ; with sweat their eyes 
And. wearied hands were stain’d; as.thus around 
Patroclus they unceasing fight maintain’d, 
As tanners round the hide of some large ox, 
Well soak’d in grease, collect; and grasping fast 395 
Each his allotted part, with force extend: 
Discharge the moisture, but the grease retain ; 
And tugging hard, give tension to the whole: 
So these in narrow space now here, now there, 
The body drag, with eager hope elate, 400 
These to the ships, and those to bear to Troy ; 
And wild uproar prevailed. Nor then had Mars 
Tumultuous,. or Pallas found to blame 
The conduct of the war, though much incens’d 
Such fatal strife of horses and of men 405 
Jove on that day around Patroclus spread. 
As yet Achilles knew not of his death, 
For distant from the ships the battle rag’d, 


Under the walls of Troy: nor did he think 


Patroclus slain; but waited his return 410 


When driven back the foe; nor thought he Troy 


144 THE ILIAD. 


Might fall, or with him, or without his aid. 

For this he oft had heard his mother say 

Was Jove’s decree: but she had not declar’d 

This ill, the death of his much-valued friend. 415 

Still round the dead with sharp’ned spears erect 
Each closely press’d, and equal deaths prevail’d: 
When thus some Grecian chief was heard to say: 

“ QO friends, no honour may we gain by flight 

Back to our ships: yea rather let this earth 420 

First op’ning, swallow all: ’twere better far, 

Than to permit the Trojans to bear off 

Patroclus, and immortal honour share.” 

And thus some Trojan chief aloud exclaim’d : 

My friends! though fate ordain we perish all 425 

This man around, yet shrink not from the fieht.” 

Thus said he; and his friends to battle rous’d. 
So fought they; to the brazen vault of heav’n 
The iron clamour pass’d through desert air. 

But now from fight remov'd, the immortal steeds 
Of Peleus’ son wept sore, when heard the fate 431 
Of Mencetiades by Hector slain. 

Diores’ martial son Automedon 
Oft urg’d them on, and plied the smarting lash; 
Now threats and now persuasive accents us'd. 435 


Yet neither to the ships and Hellespont, 


XVII. THE ILIAD. 


Nor to the battle would they more return : 
But like some monumental pillar stood 
Unmov'd, though to the splendid chariot yok’d, 
Hanging their heads; whilst fell the frequent tear 
To earth: so did they for Patroclus mourn. 441 
Meantime, beneath the yoke their fiowing manes 
Descending swept the dust. Jove saw their grief, 
And pitying mov’'d his head, and commun’d thus: 
“ Ill-fated! why by heav’n to mortal man, 445 
Yourselves immortal, giv’n? Was it for this, 
That you might suffer much with suff’ring man ὃ 
‘ For of all things that live and move on earth, 
None is to misery like man expos’d. 
‘Yet will I not permit that Priam’s son, 
‘ By you, and in that car, be borne along : 
It is sufficient that he reap the spoil, 
‘ And make his boast therein. To you meantime 
‘ Spirit and strength I will impart, to save 
‘ Automedon, and to the ships convey : 455 
‘ For yet must Troy prevail, and glory gain, 
Till at the ships arriv’d ; and till the sun 
“* Shall set, and sacred darkness cover all.” 
He spake; and to the steeds imparted strength. 
They shaking from their manes-the dust to earth, 
Soon to the Trojans and the Greeks convey'd 461 


VOL. 11. L 


146 THE ILIAD. 


The rapid car, in which Automedon, 

Borne swiftly to the war, though griev’d, engag’d ; 

Pursuing as the eagle meaner birds. 

With ease he fled the tumult of the field : 465 

With ease he rush’d through multitudes to war. 

Yet might he not pursuing slay the foe, 

And singly from the chariot hurl his lance ; 

Hold firm the reins, and guide the fiery steeds. 

But him Alcimedon Laerces’ son 470 

Perceiving thus address’d: “ Automedon, 

““ What angry pow’r hath counsell’d thee amiss, 

“ And of thy better sense bereft, that thou 

“ Dost singly thus engage the Trojan foe, 

“ Thy friend Patroclus slain ? But Hector bears 4:75 
And glories in the spoils, Achilles’ arms.” 
Whom answ’red thus Automedon: “ What man 

‘ Like thee, Alcimedon, to curb and rein 
‘ Immortal steeds, save only whilst he liv’d 

“ Patroclus’ self, in counsel like a god? 480 
‘ Him death and fate possess; take.thou the reins 

“ And guide the steeds, whilst I prepare the war.” 
He spake. Alcimedon the car ascends, 

And holds the reins. Eftsoons Automedon 

Leap’d from the car: him Hector first perceiv’d, 485 


And thus Anchises’ son in haste bespoke : 


XVII. THE ILIAD. 


« fineas, chief illustrious in arms; 
* Achilles’ horses ] perceive approach 
“ To battle, guided by unskilful hands. 


ce 


These I may hope to gain if thou assist, 490 


“ And willingly; for they will scarce maintain 
Sty y 


“ The combat, and contend in arms with us.” 

He spake: nor disobey’d Anchises’ son 

Of stature huge: bearing aloft their shields 

Solid compact with plated brass, they mov’d: 495 
With them Aretus came, and Chromius, 


Elate with hope the charioteer to slay, 


And drive the immortal steeds their prize to Troy : 


Improvident ! no bloodless contest waits 
Their vain attempt; nor may they both return 500 
From brave Automedon; who first his pray’r 
To Jove addressing, felt new courage fire 
His breast; new vigour all his soul inflame. 
Who thus his friend Aleimedon address’d : 
“ Alcimedon, not distant rein the steeds; 505 
“ But near, and at my back; for Hector’s force 
“* Will cease not as I deem, till he ascend 
“ The chariot of Achilles : having first 
“ Slain us, and put to flight the Grecian host : 
“ Or foremost perish in the yan himself.” 510 


L 2 


148 THE ILIAD. 


Thus saying, he to either Ajax call’d, 
And Menelaus, valiant chiefs of Greece : 
“ς My friends, commit Patroclus to the care 
Of those who most excell in martial deeds, 
‘ That they defend him, and repulse the foe. 
But now we living claim your better aid. 
I see approaching through the ranks of war, 
Hector and brave Mneas chiefs of Troy. 
The events of war the heav’nly pow’rs alone 
Know, and direct: ‘tis mine bravely to dare 520 
The fight : to Jove supreme I leave the rest.” 
He spake, and hurl'd his spear ; and on the shield 
Smote of Aretus, which resisted not 
His force: the brazen-pointed spear pass’d on, 
And through the belt deep in the groin infix’d 525 
The wound. As when a youth with sharp’ned axe 
Smites on the spine some ox of larger size, 
And through the tendons cuts ; starting he falls. 
So fell Aretus: fixt within his groin 
The spear still quiv'ring all his vitals drank. 530 
Then at Automedon the chief of Troy 
Hurl'd his huge spear: he saw and shunn’d the blow 
Stooping; behind him in the ground infixt, 


Still vibrating it stood, there spent its force. 
8 ᾿ : 


XVIE. THE ILIAD. 149 


And now with swords they had to combat rush’d. 
But Ajax son of Telamon with haste 

Advane'd, when heard his friend who call'd for aid. 
With fear assail’d the Trojan chiefs retird, 

And left the slain. Automedon, like Mars, 
Impetuous seiz’d the spoil, and thus exclaim’d : 540 

“ Now feels my soul cessation of its grief 
‘ For my Patroclus, though a worse be slain.” 

He spake, and in the chariot plac’d the arms 
Blood-stain’d, and vaulted in his seat; his hands, 
His feet, with gore still reeking ; not unlike 545 
The lion, when devour’d the stately bull. 

And now again the war Patroclus round 
Rag’d furious, deadly. Pallas urg’d them on, 


Descending from on high to rouse the Greeks - 


So Jove ordain’d when chang’d his sov’reign will, 550 


As when from heay'n Jove bends his purple bow, 
Of war portentous,- or of winter's rage 
Severe ; when cease the labours of the field, 
And works of men ; and cattle drooping stand: 
So Pallas in a purple cloud involv’d, 555 
Ent’red the Grecian host, and fir'd their minds. 
First Menelaus, Atreus’ warlike son, 


She thus encouraging address’'d; for near 


Like Pheenix both in voice and form she stood - 


150 THE ILIAD. XVII° 


** It would be shame indeed, and deep reproach 
To thee, should dogs beneath the walls of Troy, 
‘ Achilles’ tried and faithful friend devour: 
Encourage others then, and bravely fight.” 
Her answ’red Menelaus: “ Pheenix sire* 
Of age rever’d, might Pallas lend her aid, 
And from the danger shield, and strength im- 
** part, 
I should most willingly stand, and defend 
‘ Patroclus; for his death hath griev'd my soul: 
But Hector ceaseth not, with strength like fire 
Destroying all: to him Jove honour gives.” 570 
He spake: Minerva secret pleasure felt, 
That he had first to her address’d the pray'r ; 
And with fresh vigour all his limbs endued, 
And fir'd his breast with courage undismay’d ; 
Which like the fly still perseveres, though oft 575 
Repuls’d; and tasting thirsts for human blood : 
With courage thus she fill’d his inmost soul. 
Where lay Patroclus thither hast’ned he, 
And hurl'd his spear. There was a Trojan chief, 
Podes Eetion’s son, valiant and rich; 580 
By Hector lov’d, at feasts his constant guest ; 


Him at the cincture Menelaus smote 


When flight preparing: through the weapon pass’d ; 


ΧΥΉ. THE ILIAD. 151 


He fell, his armour rang: then Atreus’ son 
Dragg’d him along from forth the Trojan host. 585 
When Pheebus near approaching Hector thus 

Address’d; in form like Pheenops Asius’ son, 
Guest much-belov’d, who in Abydos dwelt, 
In form like him thus dread Apollo spake: 
“ Hector, what Grecian shall thy prowess dread, 
“ Since thus from Menelaus you retire, 591 
“ Once deem’d.of little note? Yet hath he seiz’d 
‘* The spoil from Troy, and slain thy faithful friend 
“ And valiant chief Podes Eetion’s son.” 
He spake; when Hector with a cloud of grief 595 
Opprest, rush’d forward arm’d in shinimg brass. 
Now Jove his zegis grasp'd embost with gold 
Resplendent ; and on Ida’s lofty top 
Gath’red the storm, and dreadful from amidst 
His lightning pour’d, and thund’red out of heav’n, 
And shook its utmost base ; of victory 601 
To Troy portentous ; but of flight to Greece. 
Peneleus the Beeotian first began 
The flight. Whilst yet he onward mov’d, the spear 
Of brave Polydamas his shoulder struck 605 
Lightly, and graz’d the bone; for near he stood, 
Then Hector pierc’d the wrist of Leitus, 


Son of Alectryon, and-caus’d him.cease 


152 THE ILIAD. XVII. 


From battle: trembling he around him look’d, 
Without a hope again to dare the fight. 610 

Then smote Idomeneus on Hector’s breast, 
Pursuing Leitus ; the brazen mail 
Resisting broke the spear: the Trojans shout. 

But Hector aim’d, and at Idomeneus 
His weapon ἢ}; ἃ, as in his car the chief 
Prepar’d the war; yet miss’d. But Coeranus 
Friend of Meriones, and charioteer, 
Who followed him from Lyctus, (for on foot 
Meriones when first he left the ships 
Engag’d, and had occasion’d boast to Troy ; 
But Coeranus his chariot brought, and steeds 
To his relief, and sav’d his friend from death ; 
And fell himself by Hector’s slaught’ring hand. ) 
Him Hector smote the jaw and ear between, 
Crush’d all his teeth, and cleft his tongue in 

twain; 

Headlong he fell, and dropp'd the shining reins. 626 
Them as they fell Meriones in haste 
Seiz'd stooping; and the Cretan chief address’d: 


= > 


* Drive on, till at the Grecian ships arriv’d, 
“ Thyself mayst know, the vict’ry is not ours.” 630 
He spake ; when to the ships Idomeneus 


Drove swiftly on, his mind with fear opprest : 


XVII. THE ILIAD. 


Ajax perceiv'd and Atreus’ warlike son, 

That Jove now chang’d, to Trojans gave success. 
When Ajax thus: “ The least expert may know 
That partial Jove to Troy the glory gives; 686 
W hose spears, whatever hand may give them force, 
Or brave or base, scarce ever miss their aim. 
Jove all directs; but turns our spears aside. 
Consult we then, how best we may secure 640 
Patroclus’ sad remains; and to our ships 
Return, and gladden all our anxious friends, 
Who this way looking grieve; nor think us safe, 
Nor able to resist the Hectorian spear, 

And hands unconqu’red: but prepar'd to fall 645 
In dread confusion back upon our ships. 

Might but some warrior to Achilles bear 

The wretched tidings of Patroclus’ death, 

Ἴ were well; but none I see: horses and men 
Are in one general ‘darkness all involv’d. 650 
“ Jove Father, hear! O save the Grecian host 
From darkness: give but light, and in that light 
Destroy us all; if such thy sov’reign will.” 

He spake: Jove pitying heard his earnest pray'r, 

Dispell’d the darkness, and the clouds remov’d: 655 

Then shone the sun, and all the war appear ἃ ; 


And thus to Menelaus Ajax spoke: 


154 THE ILIAD: 


** Look round thee, son of Atreus, if alive 
“ Thou mayst Antilochus the warlike son 
** Of Nestor see; let him the tidings bear 660 
“ To Peleus’ son, that his lov'd friend is slain.” 
He spake: nor Menelaus disobey’d ; 
But went as doth the lion from the stall 
After contention fierce with dogs and men, 
Who will not suffer him to taste the prey, 665 
Watching through night: he, eager to devour, 
Advanceth oft in vain: thick fly the spears 
And burning torches thrown from sturdy hands, 
Which most he dreads: al] eager though he be, 
At dawn, reluctant, growling he retires, 670 
Thus from Patroclus Menelaus went 
Unwillingly, lest some to fear impute 
That he:the spoil relinquish’d; and his friends 
Exhorted thus: “ Ajax, Meriohes, 
“ ‘Now be our meek and hapless friend your Care ; 
“ς Patroclus when alive was kind to all, 675 
“* Ofigentle manners, now to death a prey.” 
He spake; and looking round the field with eye 
Keen as the eagle, fam’d for strongest sight, 
Who soaring high in air, with ease discerns 680 
The lev’ret in the thicket couching low, 


Then stooping seizes, and of life deprives : 


XVII. THE ILIAD. 


So Menelaus through the ranks survey'd 
With searching eye, if he perchance might see 
Antilochus. Him quickly he discern’d 685 
Far on the left, encouraging his friends, 
And urging them to fight: approaching near 
He thus address’d him: “ Brave Antilochus, 
“ Hear the sad tidings which I grieve to name; 
Would it were otherwise! But thou thyself 690 
‘ Must know, I think, that evil this way tends; 
So Jove ordains, who gives success to Troy. 
Patroclus bravest of our host is slain, 
And Greece his fate laments: then hasten thou, 
And to Achilles at the ships relate 695 
The dismal tidings, and implore his aid 
To save the body: Hector has his arms.” 
He spake: Antilochus, with horror seiz d, 
Stood fixt and motionless, harrow’d with grief : 
Fill’d were his eyes with tears, and his speech fail’d. 
Yet did he not neglect the enjoin’d command 701 
Of Menelaus, but unbound his arms, 
And gave them to Laodocus in charge, 
His charioteer, who near him faithful stood: 
On foot he hast’ned from the ensanguin’d field 705 
With tidings grievous to Achilles’ ear. 


Nor wouldst thou, Menelaus, join the war 


156 THE ILIAD. XVII. 
Where fought Antilochus, though much thy aid 
The Pylians wish’d. To them the warrior sent 
Brave Thrasymedes; but return’d himself 
Patroclus to defend, and thus the chiefs 
Who sent him to Antilochus address’d: 

“ Your orders are obey’d, and I have sent 

Fo Peleus’ son; but yet, howe’er enrag’d 

With Hector, I yet think he will not come: 

Nor can he all unarm’d attack the foe. 

Consult we then how best we may secure 

The corpse, and save ourselves from present fate.” 

To whom the mighty Telamonian chief: 

Brave Menelaus, thou hast spoken well : 

You and Meriones first quick advance 

And bear away the body in your arms, 

Whilst we with Hector and the Trojans fight : 

We who the same in courage as In name, 

Ajax to Ajax, mutual succour lend.” 25 

He spake: they lifting from the ground aloft 
The body bore; the Trojans shouted loud 
When seen the Greeks to carry from the field 
Patroclus: forth right on they rush’d. As dogs 
And youthful hunters eagerly pursue 


The wounded boar, first earnest to destroy 


With speed they run; but if perchance he turn, 


XVII, THE ILIAD. 


Confiding in his might; with fear assail’d 

Quick they retreat, disperst on every side: 

The Trojans thus awhile in troops pursue, 735 
Smiting with sword and spear; but when perceiv’d 
The mighty Telamonian chief with spear 
Advancing, terror-struck and pale they fly, 

Nor longer for Patroclus dare contend. 

S_ these bore off the body from the war, 740 
In haste conveying to their hollow ships. 

Meantime the battle’s rage increas'd. As when 

A sudden fire some larger town invades, 

The houses lessen as the flames roll on, 

By winds increas’d, and spread with ceaseless roar ; 
So them the noise tumultuous of horse 746 
And man pursued as from the field they mov'd. 

As sturdy mules with patient strength endued, 
Drag from the mountain through the rugged road 
Some beam immense, or lofty vessel’s mast; 750 
With persevering labour on they move 
Groaning, and sweat bedews their weary limbs : 

So these beneath Patroclus’ weight mov’d on 
Slowly: behind them Ajax Telamon 

The Trojans staid. As when the woody steep 755 
Stretching athwart the plain the water dams, 


And stays the current of impetuous streams, 


158 THE ILIAD. 


And forces to the plain their refluent course, 

Nor may the weight of waters passage gain : 

Not otherwise the Telamonian chief 

Repell’d the Trojan force: yet follow’d they, 

Led by Aineas, and the chief of Troy. 

As when the flight of birds aloft in air, 

Starlings or daws shrill-scream when seen the kite 
Circling, or hawk dread foe to smaller birds ; 765 
From Hector and AEneas thus the Greeks 

Fled; whilst around and in the fosse their arms 


Lay scatt’red, and the war unceasing γὰρ ἃ, 


THE ILIAD. 


XVIII. 


BOOK 


So fought they furious as devouring flames: 
Nathless Antilochus to Peleus’ son 
Pursued his way. Him at the ships he found 
Revolving in his mind the fate of war, 
Thus holding converse with his mighty soul : 

“ Alas! why thus tumultuous at the ships ? 
“ Why scatt’red:and confus’d the Grecian host ? 
“ I fear, the gods those evils have decreed 
“ Which Thetis erst reyeal’d—that he, the best 
““ And bravest Myrmidon whilst I yet liv’d, 10 
“ Should perish by the Trojan arms subdued: 
‘ Too sure Mencetius’ warlike son is dead. 


(ς 


Unfortunate! yet much when quench’d the fire, 

“ When check’d the foe, I did enjoin return, 

“ And not with Hector to contend in arms.” 15 
Whilst thus he mus’d Antilochus drew nigh 

Still weeping, and the fatal news reveal’d- 

“Ὁ son of Peleus, thou must tidings hear 


“ Most grievous ; -would to heav’n it were not so! 


160 THE ILIAD. XVIII. 

“ Patroclus is no more! for him, despoil’d, 20 

“« Naked, they fight; and Hector has his arms.” 
He spake: dark clouds of grief oppres8’d the mind 


Of Peleus’ son; warm ashes on his head 


He pour’d, polluting thus his face divine, 


And fragrant vestments; on the yround he lay 25 
Extended large, and plucking off his hair. 
Then wept the female captives, whom the sword 
Of Peleus’ or Mencetius’ son had won; 
With loud lament, with shrieks they smote their 
breasts, 
And fainting sank to earth: nor with less grief 30 
Antilochus lamenting, weeping stood, 
And press’d Achilles’ hand. Then griev'd his soul, 
Much fearing for his friend, lest black despair 
Should urge some act destructive of his life. 
Achilles loudly groan’d: him Thetis heard, 
Sitting in Ocean’s depths her sire beside, 
And rais’d the cry of woe: forthwith the nymphs 
Assembled who within the depths profound 
inhabit frequent. There C ymodoce, 
Glauce, Thalia, and Nesza fair; 
Spio, and Thoa, and Cymothoé, 
Amphithoé, Halia with her radiant eyes: 


There came Acta, Limnoria there, 


XVII. THE ILIAD. 


Agave, Melite, Dunamene, 
Doto; Pherousa, and Iaira mild 
Amphinome, Dexamene, were there; 
Proto, Nemertes, Doris, Panope, 
Callianira, Galatea fam’d, 
Apseudes, Clymene, Callianassa, 
Janira and Janassa sister-nymphs, 
And Amathia with her beauteous hair ; 
Mera and Orithyia thither came, 
And every sister Nereid of the deep, 
And fill'd the silver grot: all smote their breasts, 
But Thetis thus gave utterance to her grief: 55 
“ Hear, sister Nereids, hear! whilst I relate 
“ The deep distresses which afflict my soul. 
Ah miserable me! to. whom a son 
Most brave yet most unfortunate was born ; 
A son for virtue as for valour fam’d, 60 
Who, like a tender plant in some choice plat, 
Grew and increas’d beneath my fost’ring hand: 
‘ To Troy I sent him for renown in arms, 
Home never to return! yet whilst he lives 
And sees the radiant sun, a prey to grief 65 
Beyond my pow’r to cure: to him I 20, 
If haply I may learn what: new distress 
Afflicts him, at the ships detain’d from war.” 


VOL. II, M 


162 THE ILIAD. XVII, 


She spake, and left the grot: they weeping still 
Attendant follow’d through the yielding waves: 70 
The Trojan shore receiv’d the mournful train, 
Where at his ships Achilles sorrowing lay. 

Him sorely griev’d his mother near approach’d, 

Heav’d the deep sigh, and touching with her hand 

His head, thus mournful spake: “ Why weeps my 
* son? 75 

Whence this affliction ? say ; nor aught conceal. 

Jove hath perform’d the wishes of thy heart, 

And to their ships the Grecians are repuls’d, 

Wanting thy aid; and great is their distress.” 

Achilles deeply sighing thus replied : 80 

My mother, Jove hath granted all my pray’r ; 

Yet thence no pleasure I derive, since slain 

Patroclus, whom my soul did most esteem : 

Him have I lost, and Hector boasts his arms, 

Rare, wonderful, the gift of heav’nly pow’'rs 85 

To Peleus, when a goddess they bestow’d 

On mortal man. Ah! hadst thou still remain’d 

In Ocean’s depths a goddess of the sea; 

He to some mortal join’d! now must thou feel 

‘ Much sorrow for thy son, who shall no more 90 

Return to thee alive; for not to live 


Desires my soul, nor longer converse hold 


XVIII. THE ILIAD. 163 


With man; till Hector by my spear shall fall, 


“ And dearly pay the slaughter of my friend.” 


When Thetis weeping: “If thy mind be such, 


My son, then doth thy fate approach; and thee 


> 


‘ Stern death awaits, when Hector shall be slain.” 


Achilles thus indignant: “ Be it 80, 


‘ And instantly ; since to my friend no aid 


I gave: he perish’d from his country far, 100 
Looking for aid, and that in vain from me. 


But now, since to my country I no more 


Return shall know, nor have I useful prov’d 


Or to Patroclus or those numerous friends 

By Hector slain ; yea, rather am become 105 
On earth an useless load, although endued 
With strength in war beyond all other Greeks : 


In council many are superior far.— 


“Ὁ might contention cease, and rage, from gods 
on WN EY ee. 
And men! which often prudent minds inflame: 


‘As honey to the taste most sweet, yet swell 110 


se 
Within the breast of man like noisome smoke: 
Against Atrides such my bitter rage. 

Forget we then the past; subduing thus, 


Though injur’d much, the fury of our mind. 115 


*- Now seek I him who hath my friend destroy’d, 


Hector: and for myself will meet my fate 


M 2 


164 THE ILIAD. XVII. 


When Jove and other pow’rs of heav’n ordain: 
For neither Hercules from death escap’d, 
However lov'd by high Saturnian Jove, 

But fell subdued by fate, and Juno’s rage. 

I too, like him, since it is thus decreed, 

Shall sleep in death. Now shall I glory gain ; 


Soon now shall ‘Trojan widows heave the sigh, 


Shall wipe from off their cheeks the bitter tear, 


And feel how long I have from war abstain’d. 126 
Then stay me not, however great thy love.” 
Thetis replied: “Thy words, my son, are true; 
Nor is it evil to protect our friends ; 
But with the Trojans are thy splendid arms 130 
Glitt’ring with brass: these Hector boasts to wear, 
Nor long shall boast; him death approacheth 
“ nigh, 
Yet enter not the war, nor dare with Troy 
Engage, till you shall see me here again : 
To-morrow with the sun I will return, 135 
And bring from Vulcan thy resplendent arms,” 
The goddess spake; and turning from her son, 
Address’d herself to Ocean’s sister-nymphs : 
“« Nereids, into the bosom of the deep 
“ς Descend, and to our venerable sire 140 


‘* Within his palace tell what you have seen: 
} J 


XVITI. THE ILIAD. 


“1 to Olympus go, and Vulcan seek, 
“ Artist divine, if haply I may gain 
“ From him resplendent armour for my son.” 

She spake: they instant plung’d into the deep: 
Her steps the silver-footed goddess bent 146 
To high Olympus, from the god of fire 
Arms to request. The Greeks meantime subdued, 
In dread confusion fled from Hector’s rage, 

Till at the Hellespont and ships arriv‘d : 150 
Nor might they from the battle bear away 
Patroclus, the lov’d friend of Peleus’ son ; 

For in the rear horsemen and foot pursued, 

By Hector led, in force like raging fire: 

Him seizing by the feet thrice Hector drage’d, 155 
Shouting tremendous to the Trojan host ; 

Him thrice the Telamonian chief repell’d 

With vehemence: he nathless in his might 
Confiding, now rush’d onward through the crowd, 
Now firmly stood shouting, nor deign’d retreat. 160 

As watchful herdsmen may not cause retire 

The famish’d lion from the carcase slain ; 

So neither might the Telamonian spear 

Strike terror and dismay in Hector’s breast ; 
Who had prevail’d and gain’d immortal praise : 


But Iris, witiged messenger of heav’n, 


166 THE ILIAD. XVIII. 


Unknown to Jove and other heav'nly pow’rs, 
By Juno sent, quick from Olympus’ height 
Descending, urg’d Pelides to the war, 
And thus address’d him: “ Peleus’ warlike son, 170 
“ Thou that art terrible in arms, arise, 
‘ Assist Patroclus; at the ships for him 
Now swells the rage of war, and many die; 
; These fighting to regain, and those to drag 
The corpse to lofty ‘Troy. For this they rush 175 
‘ With onset furious; Hector leads the way, 
All-eager ; to cut off the head intent, 
And fix it bleeding on some pointed stake. 
‘ Arise, nor longer thus inactive stay : 
Thine the disgrace, should Trojan dogs devour 
Patroclus ; thine the shame, should they entreat 
| With contumely and scorn his sad remains.” 
To whom Achilles: “ Who amongst the gods 
“ Hath sent thee, Iris?” The swift messenger 
Of heav’n thus answ’red: “ Juno sent me down, 
“* The venerable wife of mighty Jove, 186 
“ Unknown to him, or to the pow’rs supreme 
* Who on Olympus’ snow-clad mountain dwell.” 
Achilles thus replied: “* How may it be 
*« That I the battle tempt? they haye my arms: 190 


Nor may I, so my mother gave in charge, 


XVIII. THE ILIAD. 167 


“ To battle.go till she return again 
“ With arms by Vulcan made; nor do I know 
“ Other than Ajax’ sevenfold orb to me 
“ Suited; and he himself, with that I trust 195 
“ Arm’d, in the foremost fights to save my friend.” 
Iris again: ‘ Full well we know indeed 
That they your arms possess; but at the fosse 
‘ Do thou appear: the Trojan host; perchance, 
At sight of thee, with terror seiz’d, may cease 200 
The conflict, and the Grecians breathe awhile 
From toils: such breathing-time as war admits.” 
Thus spake she, and to heav’n her way pursued. 
Then rose Achilles lov’d by mighty Jove ; 
Pallas her egis o’er his shoulders spread 205 
Embost, and round his head the goddess pour’d 
A golden cloud emitting vivid light. 
As when the smoke of some beleagu’red town 
Ascends the sky from the far distant isle, 
By numerous foes beset; alltagday the war 210 
Rages the walls around: but when the sun 
Declines, then blaze aloft the frequent fires ; 
Far off the splendour shines, if seen perchance 
Some friendly ships the wish’d-for succours bring : 
So from Achilles’ head bright shone the flames. 215 


Close to the fosse he stood, nor join’d the war, 


168 THE ILIAD. XVII, 


Such Thetis’ strict command; and rais’d his voice, 
Which Pallas aided, shouting in the rear. 

Then tumult through the Trojan host prevail'’d 
Immense : as when the trumpet sounds to.arms, 220 
When near some city hostile troops appear. 

Thus shrill the brazen voice of Peleus’ son 
Resounded, and their souls with terror ΗΠ ἃ. 

Then back recoiling with their cars, each steed 
Started, of ill presentient : dread assail’d 

“ach charioteer, when seen the dazzling fire 
Terrific, blazing from Achilles’ head : 

For Pallas’ self supplied the incessant flame. 
Thrice from the trench Achilles rais’d his voice : 


Thrice fled confus’d both Trojans and allies. 230 


Then perish’d twelve the bravest of their host, 


Beneath their steeds, beneath their chariots crush’d. 
But from the tumult safe the Greeks convey'd 
Patroclus ; whom the mournful bed receiv'd. 
His friends stood weeping round: Achilles most 235 
Shedding the frequent tear, when seen his friend 
A mangled corpse, extended on his bier: 
Whom to the war with chariot and with horse 
Array’d he sent ; far other to return ! 

Now the bright orb of day, so heav’n’s high Queen 


Commanded, sank beneath the western wave 240 


XVII THE ILIAD. ] 69 


Of Ocean's flood reluctant; from the war 

And tumult of the field then ceas’d the Greeks : 
Nor less the Trojans from the conflict ceas’d: 

Each from his car unyok’d the weary steeds, 245 
And hast’ned to the couhcil : for no thought 

Of necessary food their minds possess’d, 

Such terror reign’d. The crowded chieftains stood, 
And throng’d the council: not the noblest sat, 

Nor dar’d ; Achilles had again appear'd, 

After long absence from the battle’s rage, 

To them Polydamas of prudent mind 

Thus counsell’d. He alone the future saw, 

And weigh’d the past, friendly to Hector most, 
Born the same night ; in council this excell’d, 255 
And that in deeds of war: who to the chiefs 
Assembled thus began: “ Consider well, 

“ My friends, what I advise. Let.us retreat, 

Nor on the plain await the coming morn 

Thus near their ships, and distant from our walls. 
Whilst this man cherish’d rage with Atreus’ son, 
War with the Grecian host was easier far : 

And oft have I rejoic’d, when near their ships 
We pass’d the night, with hope those ships toburn. 
But now Achilles I do greatly fear, 205 


Whose daring spirit will not on the plain 


170 THE ILIAD. 


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Delay, where hitherto Trojan and Greek 

Contending, have maintain’d an equal war: 

He fights to seize our city and our wives ; 

Retire we to our walls. Mark but the event; 270 

The sacred night hath cdus’d Achilles cease. 

Should he here find us at to-morrow’s dawn, 

When clad in arms he shall to battle move, 

(None may mistake him then,) happy the man 

Who flying shall escape again to Troy ; 275 

Whilst many fall to dogs and birds.a prey : 

Oh! may such tidings never meet my ear! 

If then to counsel such as mine, though griev’d, 

You willing listen, let this night’s debate 

Add to our strength: high tow’rs, and lofty gates, 

And solid bars our city will secure : 281 

And on the morrow, line we well our walls 

And tow’rs, all-arm’d: should he then leave the 
“* ships, 

He at our walls no easy war shall find: 

Him wearied with pursuit our walls around, 285 

Back to the ships his coursers shall convey : 

Nor will he dare the assault: or ere he waste 

Our city, the wild dogs shall him devour.” 

When sternly looking, Hector thus replied : 


Polydamas, thy words displease me much, 290 


XVIII. 


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THE ILIAD. 


Advising flight disgraceful to our walls. 

Long pent therein even to satiety, 

Wish ye for more? Time was when Troy was held 
In treasures rich, in gold and sculptur’d brass: 
Now are those treasures greatly minished; 208 
To Phrygia, to Meonia’s fertile land 

Bart’red and gone; so Jove in anger will'd. 

But now, since mighty Jove hath granted me 
Glorious success to drive them to the sea ; 
Insensate! utter not such idle thoughts, 300 
Nor taint the public mind: none will obey ; 

I will not suffer them. Hear my advice: 

Take we refreshment now each troop apart, 
Then set the watch, to each his several charge : 
And if there be whom hoarded wealth disturb, 
Let such make distribution through our host : 305 
Far better thus, than left a prey to Greece, 

At early dawn let us all arm’d advance, 

And at their ships renew the bloody fight. 

If at the fleet Achilles shall appear, 310 
He may repent him much ; nor will I shun 

The dreadful conflict; but will firm oppose ; 
And I, or he, immortal fame shall reap: 


In doubtful war the slayer oft is slain.” 


Thus Hector; and the Trojan host approv’d ; 315 


172 THE ILIAD. XVIII. 


Improvident! and by Minerva’s pow’r 


Of better sense bereft ; who Hector’s words 


Though ill, obey’d; and safer counsel shunn’d 


Of sage Polydamas : and through the camp 
Refreshment took. Meantime the Grecian host 320 
Mourn’d through the night around Patroclus’ bier: 
Achilles most, with hands to slaughter us’d 
Embrac’d his friend, and heav’d the bitter sigh. 
As the gaunt lion, of his whelps bereft, 
Urg’d on by grief too late, and mad with rage, 325 
Through the thick wood pursues the hunter’s step ; 
If haply he may find—not less incens’d, 
And deeply groaning, thus Achilles spake : 
““ How vain, alas! those words J rashly us’d, 
Encouraging Mencetius, when at home 330 
‘ I promis’d to restore his noble son 
To Opoeons, rich with spoil from captur’d Troy: 
But Jove regards not the vain thoughts of man. 
Yet are we destin’d both to stain with blood 
The Trojan soil: for never shall my sire 335 
Receive me in his house from T roy return’d, 
Nor Thetis more ; destin’d to perish here : 
But thou Patroclus first, I after thee. 
Nor will I solemnize thy fun’ral rites, 


Till I shall bring the head and glitt’ring spoils 


XVIFI, THE ILIAD. 


Of him thy fierce destroyer, to the pyle; 

And to thy manes immolate twelve youths 

Of noble birth, in anger for thy death. 

Thou at the ships meantime shalt thus remain, 

Whilst Trojan and Dardanian females weep 345 
“ Around thee; captives whom our swords have won 
« From wealthy cities taken and destroy’d.” 

Thus spake he; and the attendants bade prepare 
A tripod large, to cleanse from clotted gore 
Patroclus : they obedient, on the fire 350 
Plac’d the capacious tripod to the brim 
With water fill’d, and copious wood supplied: 
Surrounded by the flames the water boil’d. 

Then wash’d they, and with oil anointed him, 

And to his wounds ointment matur'd by age 355 
Applied; then on the mournful bed they laid 

The corpse, with finest linen cov red o’er ; 

And with Achilles through the tedious night 

The Myrmidons wept sore Patroclus’ death. 

But Jove his wife and sister thus address’'d: 360 
‘ At length thou hast to arms Achilles rous’d, 

Juno: well might theGreeks be call’d thy sons,” 

The venerable goddess thus replied : 

Saturnian Jove severe, what hast thou said ? 


Such service man to man might well perform, 365 


174 THE ILIAD. 


“ However mortal, and confin’d his views - 
** And can it be that I, goddess supreme 
“«“ In heav’n, by birth superior, and the wife 
“ Of him who rules alone all heav’nly pow’rs, 
“ Want means to wreck my vengeance upon Troy?” 
Thus they held conference. Thetis meantime 371 
To Vulcan’s palace came, splendid abode, 
Star-pav’d, incorruptible; e’en to gods 
Work of astonishment; of solid brass 
The structure rose, which Vulcan’s self had made. 
Him labouring at his forge the goddess found, 
Sweating with toil: just then with art divine 
Tripods he form’d his palace to adorn, 
In number twenty; each with secret wheels 
Furnish’d to go spontaneous, or return 380 
Through heav’n self-mov’d, all-wondrous to behold: 
Thus far perfected he prepar'd to fix 
The handles wrought with art, and aptly join 
With golden studs. Immerst in thought he stood. 
The silver-footed Thetis near approach’d. 385 
Her Charis saw; Charis for beauty fam’d, 
White-veil’d, whom Mulciber had erst espous’d : 
She saw, and taking by the hand address‘d: 
“© ‘Why, goddess venerable, much-belov’d, 


“ Thus early here; to us no frequent guest ? 


XVIII. THE ILIAD. 


“ Enter, if aught our hospitality 

“ May offer grateful.” Saying this, she led 

The goddess by the hand, and on a throne 

Of silver, curious, of rare workmanship, 

Caus’d her to sit, and underneath her feet 395 
A footstool plac’d, and thus to Vulcan spake : 

“ Haste, Vulcan ; Thetis wishes much your aid.” 


To whom the skilful artist thus replied : 


“ Then is a goddess whom I much revere 


And love within my house; who sav’d me once, 
When by my mother thrown from highest heav’n 
My lameness to conceal: much I endur’d 
Till Thetis and Eurynome receiv’d, 
(Eurynome, daughter of old Ocean,) 
And in their bosoms cherish’d me: for them 405 
Nine years I fabricated curious works, 
Rings, bracelets, necklaces, and twisted chains, 
Within the hollow grot, by Ocean’s flood 
Encompass’d round, foaming with hideous roar : 
‘ Nor gods nor men knew where conceal’d I lay, 
Thus sav’d by Thetis and Eurynome. 41] 
‘ For life preserv'd to Thetis much I owe: 
' Receive her then with courtesy as due, 
‘* Whilst I put up my various implements.” 


He spake; and from his anvil huge uprose 415 


176 THE ILEAD. XVIII. 


With gait uncouth, and knees that ill sustain’d 

His awkward weight; and from the fire remov’d 

The bellows, and within ἃ silver chest 

Put by his various implements of work : 

Then with a sponge his visage first he cleans'd, 420 

His neck robust, and hands, and:swarthy chest ; 

Then robed him, and with sceptre in his hand 

Limping he hast’ned. Him attendant near 

‘Two female forms assisted: as he mov'd, 

Resembling life, though.fram’d of ductile gold; 425 

With voice, intelligence, and strength endued, 

Instructed by the gods in various works ; 

These mow d beside their king: with limping gait 

He to the throne where Thetis sat approach’d, 

And touch’d her hand, and naming thus address’d : 
« ‘Thetis rever'd and lov’d, why com’st thou here? 
To us no frequent visitor: declare 

* Thy wish, and deem it granted if it stand 
Within the compass of my pow’r to do.” 
Him Thetis answ’red weeping: “ Lives there then 
In heav’n a goddess so distrest as I? 436 
On whom great Jove hath heap’d such mighty 
Srslls. 
Of all the Nereids me alone to man, 


To Peleus gave he: thus a mortal bed 


XVIII. THE ILIAD. 177 


Reluctant I endur’d ; (worn down with age 
Peleus still lives;) yet adds he greater ills. 

A son indeed he gave of heroes chief, 

Who as a plant grew up to manhood’s prime ; 

A tender plant ‘in some selected plat 

Rear’d by my fost'ring hand; him did I send 445 
To Troy, that he might gain renown in arms; 
But never to return! now whilst he lives 

And sees the radiant sun, a prey to grief 


Severe beyond my pow’r to remedy. 


The captive whom the Greeks his prize assign’d, 


Her hath Atrides taken : griev'd for her 451 
He pines in thought: meantime the Trojan host 
Repels the Greeks, shut up In narrow space, 
And at their ships hemm’d-in: the Grecian chiefs 
Then seek his aid, and offer numerous gifts; 455 
These he rejects: but in his armour clad, 
Patroclus sends. He at the Scean gate 
Victorious fought, and then had taken Troy, 
But that Apollo slew Mencetius’ son 

Bravely contending in the foremost ranks, 460 
And honour’d Hector. Therefore unto thee, 
Vulcan, I suppliant come, if on my son 
Short-liv’d alas! you kindly will bestow 


Resplendent armour; corselet, shield, and casque, 


VOL. II, N 


THE ILIAD. XVHI. 


‘ And greaves with silver clasps; for with his friend 
* When by the Trojans slain, he lost his own ; 466 

And now lies on the ground opprest with grief.” 

Vulcan replied: ‘ Be comforted, nor let 

Uneasy thoughts molest. O could my art 

Guard him from death’s approach, come when it 

“ may, 470 

As it shall armour give, such as may strike 

All eyes with wonder and astonishment !” 

He spake ; and to his work again repair'd. 

The heaving bellows to the fire he turn’d, 

Whose twenty mouths so many blasts supplied 475 
To different furnaces, when need requir’d, 

Gentle or strong, as Vulcan gave command. 

Now stubborn brass and tin, and costly gold 
And silver; these into the fire he cast: 

Then the huge anvil fix’d: this hand supports 480 
A weighty hammer, that the tongs applies. 

And first the shield’s vast weight with curious art 
He fram’d ; and round a triple border pour’d 
Resplendent, by a silver chain upheld; 

Fivefold the plates: on these with skill divine 485 


The heav’nly artist various wonders wrought. 
There made he Earth,and Heav’n;andtheretheSea; 


The Sun unwearied, and the Moon’s full orb; 


XVIII. THE ILIAD. 179 


And there each star which heay’n’s high arch adorns, 
Pleiads and Hyads, and Orion’s strength, 490 
The Bear or Wain, which to Orion looks 
Circling, nor dips his beams in Ocean’s waves, 
There seulptur'd he two cities of renown: 
In one gay feasts, and hymeneal rites 
And song; whilst from their chambers issue forth 
The brides, conducted through the spacious streets 
By torch-light: sportive youths meantime lead on 
The jocund dance in airy circles round, 
To merry pipe and harp; whilst at their doors 
The matrons gaze with wonder and delight. 500 
A forum next he made, where in debate 
Two men the fine dispute for murder due: 
This to have paid ; that not to have receiv'd, 
Contending loud; yet each content to leave 
To reference the issue of his cause: 
The citizens now this, now that applaud. 
There busy heralds range in order due 
The citizens: the elders seated round 
On polish’d stones, with sceptres in their hands 
Rising alternate, each his judgement gives : 510 
Two golden talents in the midst are seen, 
The recompense of just and fair award. 
A city next appear ἃ by pow’rful foes 


N 2 


180 THE ILIAD. XVIII. 


Invested} some to burn; to plunder some 


Incline, and equally the spoil divide, 


And treasures rich; for different sentiments 
By turns prevail’d. The citizens meantime 
Prepare the ambuscade: the walls they line 
With women, children, and the aged sires ; 
Then sally forth: Pallas and Mars lead on, 520 
Sculptur’d in gold; of stature large they seem’d, 
In golden robes array’d and glitt’ring arms, 
As gods amongst the folk of meaner size. 
Now at the place for ambuscade arriv’d 
The river near, where cattle oft resort; 525 
There cov’red by their arms conceal’d they lay : 
Two spies they send before, who might descry 
When sheep or oxen to the ford approach : 
Soon they appear; two shepherds lead them on 
With jocund pipe, nor think of danger near. 530 
Forth rush the troops conceal’d, and seize the prey 
Secure; fat beeves, and sheep with snowy fleece 
In numbers fall, and with their shepherds die. 
Beneath the walls in council sat the chiefs 
Besieging, when the noise of lowing herds 535 
Assail’d their ears: to horse forthwith they rush’d, 
And at the ford arriv’d with onset fierce 


Engag’d and hostile spears: Discord the while, 


XVII. THE ILIAD. 


Pernicious Fate, and Tumult, in the midst 

Rag’d dreadful. This a captive wounded held ; 540 

That one yet free from wounds; whilst by the feet 

A third, still holding, dragg’d a bleeding corpse, 

Clad in a vesture steep’d in human gore ; 

Like living forms they toil’d and mov’d and fought, 

Or seem’d; and dragg’d by turns the slain along. 545 
There sculptur'd he a field of large extent, 

Thrice labour’d, rich, by numerous ploughmen 

work’d; 

Now here now there they guide the labouring teams, 

Turning the yokes adown the furrow’d land 

Athwart the headland; there they quaff sweet wine 

Brought by some fav’ring hind: again they turn 

Joyful, and at the upland cease their toil : 

Like glebe fresh turn’d still black the furrows show’d 

Through wrought in gold, all-wondrous to the sight. 
Here rich with corn a field to view appear’d, 555 

Where harvestmen, their sickles in their hands, 

Reap the full grain ; the furrows rang’d along 

It falls; three binders following tie the sheaves 

By youths collected, bearing in théif arms 

The swarths: amidst them with his staff in hand 

The master silent stands, elate with joy : 561 


His servants now beneath a spreading oak 


182 THE ILIAD. 


Repast prepare, and slay the fatted ox, 

Meet sacrifice; whilst mixt with purest meal 

The women supper for the reapers dress. 565 
A vinyard there he made in gold, with fruit 

Of purple hue by silver props upheld : 

Black show’d the deep’ned trench; the paling round 

Bright tin: within, one winding path appear’d 

Us'd by the gath’rers. Now, the vintage ripe, 

Virgins and youths of yet untainted minds 571 

In osier baskets bear the luscious fruit : 

To them a youth attunes the sounding lyre, 

Hymning to Linus old with slender voice ; 

They follow, beating still with measur’d time 575 

The ground, and the full song in chorus join. 
There sculptur’d he a herd of beeves high-neck’d, 

Part wrought in gold, part tin: forth from the stall 

Lowing they hasten to the river side 

To pasture, where the stream the reeds among 580 

Shrill-sounded ; them four shepherds walk beside 

Sculptur'd in gold: nine dogs the herd attend. 

Two dreadful lions seize the stately bull 

The foremost of the herd, and drag along 

Loud bellowing: the dogs and men pursue: 585 

Nathless they tear the carcase, and devour, 


And riot in the blood. The shepherd youths 


XVII. THE ILIAD. 


Encouraging their dogs pursue in vain ; 
They bite not, trembling at the lion’s force ; 
Yet bark incessant, but avoid the fight. 590 
There grav’d he on a pleasant valley’s side, 
Skirted with cots and shepherd tents and huts, 
A meadow fair, with flocks of silver hue. 
There pictur'd he a dance, such as of old 
For Ariadne Deedalus prepar'd 595 
In Cretan Cnossus, where the beauteous nymphs 
And youths all hand in hand lead on the dance: 
These clad in finest linen robes, and those 
In well-made tunics, glossy as with oil : 
These with fresh garlands crown’d; those bearing 
swords 600 
Of gold adorn’d with belts of silver white: 
With skilful feet they form the mazy dance 
Circling, as when the potter tries his wheel, 
And sitting, turns it lightly in his hands. 
Now nimbly changing sides they bound along ; 605 
The multitude around with wonder gaze 
Delighted ; whilst two tumblers in the midst 
Turn light in air, and join the festive song. 
Then sculptur’d he the strength of Ocean’s flood 
Rolling his waves the well-wrought shield around. 


When finish’d thus the vast and solid shield, 611 


184 THE ILIAD. 


He form’d the corselet beaming bright as fire; 

The helmet next well fitted to. his brow 

He made, weighty, of curious workmanship, 

A golden crest still nodding from the top : 

And last, of ductile tin he made the greaves. 
Thus Vulcan finish’d all with art divine, 

And by the mother of Achilles plac’d : 

She, like a falcon, from Olympus’ height 


Descended, bearing the resplendent arms. 


AVI 


615 


620 


THE ILIAD. 


BOOK XIX. 


Tue morn, in robe of saffron hue attir'd, 

From Ocean’s bed arose, and light diffus’d 

O’er mortals and immortals: to the ships, 
Bearing the gifts of Vulcan, Thetis came. 

There weeping o’er Patroclus with his friends 
Her son she found: the goddess near approach’d, 
And touch’d his hand, and naming thus addregs’d : 

“‘ My son, though griev’d, here let us leave awhile 
“ς Patroclus, slain as heav’nly powers decreed : 

“ Receive these arms from Vulcan, splendid, rare, 
“ Such as were never borne by mortal man.” 11 
She spake; and near Achilles, on the ground 

The shrill-resounding arms the goddess plac’d. 

Fear seiz’'d each Myrmidon; nor any dard 
With steadfast eye behold: Achilles saw, 15 
And anger fir'd his mind :. beneath his brow 
His eyes gleam’d dreadful as the lightning’s blaze : 
With transport he beheld the splendid gift ; 

And turn’d them in his hands, with secret joy 
Elated; and his mother thus bespoke : 


186 THE ILIAD. 


““ My mother, worthy of immortal gods 

Vulcan hath arms bestow’d beyond the art 

Of mortal to perform: now will I arm 

Yet much I fear for brave Mencetius’ son, 

Lest flies obscene ent’ring his ghastly wounds 

Should taint his flesh, which soon must worms 

“* produce 26 

Polluted thus, since life is fled and gone.” 

The silver-footed goddess thus replied : 

My son, let not such thoughts thy mind disturb: 

I will keep off the busy swarm of flies, 30 

Which on the slain in battle often feed: 

Although he should a year unburied lie, 

Yet shall his flesh untainted still remain. 

Do thou assemble all the Grecian chiefs, 

And with Atrides all thy rage renounce ; 

Arm to the war, and put on all thy might.” 

She spake; and with new courage fird his mind. 
Then in Patroclus’ nostrils she infus’d 
Ambrosia and red nectar, and secur’d 
The body thus embalm’d from all decay. 

Meantime Achilles by the sounding shore 
Hast’ned loud shouting, and the Grecians rous’d. 
Ev'n they who whilom busied at the ships 
Guided the helm, or plied the sturdy oar ; 


XIX. THE ILIAD. 187 


They to whose care provisions were consign’d ; 

All throng’d to council, since again in arms 

Achilles rose, who long had ceas’d from war. 
Supported by their spears, and lame from wounds, 

Ulysses and illustrious Diomed 

Early to council went, and took tlieir seats ; 50 

Them follow’'d Agamemnon, king of men, 

Wounded, whom Coon, brave Antenor's son, 

Had in the conflict with his spear attain’d : 

When now assembled, to the chiefs of Greece, 

Achilles rising, thus his speech address’d : 55 
** Atrides, better had it been for us, 
Both you and me, (since not unmixt with grief 

‘ We long such bitter wrath have entertain'’d 
For fair Briseis,) if by Dian’s shafts 
She at our ships had perish’d on that day 60 
When I destroy’d Lyrnessus; nor had Greece 
Suff’red such loss severe, such numbers slain 
By Trojan foes; and my revenge the cause. 
Hector and Troy have this advantage gain’d ; 
But Greece shall long remember with regret 65 
Our fierce contention, or I much mistake. 
Yes; though much griev’d let us forget the past, 
Bending our wills to strong necessity. 


Here endeth all my wrath ; for ceaseless rage 


188 THE ILIAD. 


* Doth ill become me: quickly then to arms; 


** Call forth the Grecians and commence the fight ; 


¢ 


That I may know if yet they dare contend 


“ With me, and pass the night thus near our ships. 


“ Yea, rather shall that man with joy repose 


[11 


Who flying shall escape my vengeful spear.” 75 
Thus spake Achilles; through the Grecian host 
Much joy prevail’d that he had ceas’d from wrath. 
To them Atrides from his loftier seat, 

Not standing in the midst as custom bade, 


These words address’d: “ Friends, Grecian chiefs, 


*< attend, 80 


“ Nor interrupt whoe’er may rise to speak : 


“ It is not well: where noise and tumult reign. 


“ς In large assemblies, or to hear or speak 


“ς Is difficult for those the most expert ; 
‘“* And the best orator unheeded ‘stands. 


“ | to Pelides now address myself, 


* Call then to mind, and mark what now I say. 


“ Often hath Greece reproach’d, oft censur’d me, 


“ And loudly blam’d as now; yet without cause: 


“ Not I, but Jove himself, and Fate, and she 90 


«{ 


Who stalks by night, Erynnis, is to blame. 


ἐς 


These hurt my mind, and fill’d my soul with rage, 
“ ‘When from Achilles I his gift reclaim’d. 


XIX. THE ILIAD. 189 


“© What could I do? Great Jove directed all. 

** Ate from Jove descended, who of ill 95 
“ Proves ever source; to man pernicious most : 

“‘ Not on the ground she condescends to tread 

* ‘With tender feet, but o’er the heads of men 

* Destructive stalks, and binds with iron chains 

“ The victims of her rage. Not man alone, 100 
“ But Jove himself, of gods and men supreme, 
“ She hurt, by Juno’s subtlety deceiv’d, 

“* What time Alemene should bring forth a son 
“Τὴ Thebes, the strength of mighty Hercules ; 


ες 


For Jove amongst the gods thus boasting spake: 

“ «Hear, all ye pow’rs of heav'n, attend my words, 

“ ¢ Whilst I the dictates of my mind declare: 

“ < This day to light doth Ilythia bring 

“ ¢ A hero, born with sov reign sway to rule 

“ς <The nations round, who boast descent from me.” 
“ Juno replied deceitful: ‘ "Tis not so, 111 

“ Nor is it thy intent; but if it be, 

“¢ « Swear then by that irrevocable oath, 


“ «Olympian Jove, that he who shall this day 


‘© ¢ Be born of woman shall bear sov'reign rule 115 


<= 
“ ¢ O’er nations round, who boastdescent from thee.” 


“« She spake: nor Jove her subtle craft perceiv’d, 


“ς But sware the oath, and hurt himself withal. 


190 THE ILIAD. 


“ Swift from Olympus Juno hast’ned down 
* To Grecian Argos, where the noble wife 120 
“Οἱ Sthenelus then dwelt, from Persius sprung. 
“ Scarce seven months she numb’red, yet the birth 
“ Juno advanc'd, and brought a son to light 
“ Before due time ; and stay’d Alemene’s pangs. 
*“* Herself to Jove the unwelcome message brought: 
“* Jove, mighty Thund’rer, hear what I relate; 
“«‘ <’'That hero’s born who shall in Argos rule, 
“* Eurystheus, son of mighty Sthenelus 
«Thy race, of Argos rightful sov’reign.’ 
“ She spake: affliction sore his mind o’erwhelm’d. 
“ Ate he seiz’d, conceal’d within his hair 131 
“ Ambrosial, and forthwith by oath confirm’d, 
“ That never more she should to heav’n return, 
“ With mischief ever fraught; then with his hand 
“ Whirling, from highest heav’n he cast her down 
** ‘To mar the works of men. Yet griev'd he much 
“ ‘To see that son he lov'd such ills endure, 
“ Such labours from Eurystheus’ hard commands. 
“80 could not [, when Hector at the ships 
‘ Destruction dealt, forget my great offence, 140 
‘ By Ate urg’d, impell’d by angry Jove: 

Yet did I offer gifts, and sued for peace. 


“ς Rise then in arms, and lead our forces on. 


XIX. THE ILIAD. 191 


“ The gifts which wise Ulysses at your tent 
“ But yesterday did offer, I will give, 145 


“ If you can wait, though eager for the war; 


“ ‘Those from the ships my people here shall bring, 


“ That all may know my words are most sincere.” 
To whom Achilles swift of foot replied : 
illustrious Atrides, king of men, 

The presents or to give or to retain 
Shall rest with you. But let us to the fight 
Without delay, nor waste in idle words 
‘ The time fer action: we have much to do; 
‘ Nor this the least, that in the foremost ranks 155 
‘ You see Achilles with his spear destroy 
The Trojans ; and from him your conduct learn.” 
Prudent of mind, Ulysses thus replied : 
Great as thou art in arms, that may not be, 

‘ Godlike Achilles, that you urge to war 160 

‘ The Grecians fasting distant at the walls 

‘ Of Troy; when once engag’d, and by the gods 

‘ Inspir’d, the conflict cannot well be short. 

‘ First order at the ships proportion due 

“ΟΥ̓ food and wine; for these will courage give, 

“ And strength: but to contend from morn to night 

“ Without refreshment, no man may suffice ; 


“ Tho’ prompt his mind, fatigue must needs oppress, 


192 THE ILIAD. XIX, 


«ς 


ςς 


ὃς 


<¢ 


ς 


ἐξ 


ae 


<¢ 


ες 


ὡς 


ae 


(ς 


ee 


14 


And thirst and hunger weaken all his limbs. 

Not so the man with food and wine renew’d; 170 
He through the day may well the fight maintain 
Till night approach and all the battle cease ; 
Daring in mind and unfatigued his limbs. 
Dismiss the people then, and at the ships 

Orde? repast ; and let Atrides next 

The gifts produce in presence of us ali, 

That all may see, and thou thyself rejoice ; 

And let him swear before the assembled chiefs, 
That she returns unspotted as she came: 

So shall thy mind be calm and satisfied. 180 
Then let Atrides feast thee at his tent, 

That thou mayst nothing want of due return. 
And you, Atrides, learn with equal hand 


To hold the scale of justice; for no blame 


‘ Attaches to a king who stoops to heal 185 


‘ Those wrongs which pow’r hath prompted him 


e 
ς( 


ςς 


“ to do.” 
Atrides answ’red: “ I rejoice indeed, 
Son of Laertes, hearing what thou say’st ; 


For well hast thou arrang’d, well settled all. 


“ ‘What is propos’d 1 willing am to swear ; 190 


το 


Nor Before heav’n shall this my oath be false. 


“ Then must Achilles stay, though of delay 


XIX. THE ILIAD. 193 


&¢ 


ζς 


«( 


τς 


ae 


(ς 


(ς 


εἰ 


ἐν 


Impatient ; and let all the chiefs remain, 


Till from my tents the presents shall be brought, 


And the firm compact of our peace be made. 195 
Thine be the task those persons to select, 

The choicest of our youth, who may convey 
Those presents from my ships which yesterday 
We promis’d; and with them the captives bring. 
And let Talthybius a boar prepare, 200 
To Jove and to the Sun an offering due.” 
Achilles thus replied: “ Illustrious king 


Atrides, these perchance may better suit 


‘ Some other time, when from the war awhile 


We breathe, and my resentment something cease. 


‘ Our slaught’red friends lie scatt’red on the field, 


‘ ‘Whom Hector slew, whilst Jove success béestow'd. 


Then hasten to repast: yet might my voice 


‘ Direct, 1 would march instant to the fight, 


‘ Unfed and unrefresh'd ; and, when the sun 210 


‘ Shall set, prepare the supper, when reveng’d 


My deep-felt injury. For me—no food 


Shall pass these lips, since I have lost my friend, 


‘ Who at my tent extended lies; his feet 


Turn’d to the vestibule; piere’d through with 


[44 


wounds. 215 


VOL. II. 


194 THE ILIAD. 


Whilst all around the Myrmidons lament, 


“ T nothing seek but slaughter, groans, and blood.” 
Ulysses, sage in counsel, thus replied : 
Achilles, bravest of the Grecian host, 
To me superior in no small degree 
In deeds of war; yet may I justly claim ἢ 
‘ In prudent forethought greatly to excel 
Thy youth; from age, and by experience taught: 
‘ Then bend thy will to what I shall advise. 
War quickly brings satiety to men, 226 
Who fall most like to straw in harvest time 
Abundant; but the grain is scant indeed, 
When Jove in anger turns the scale of war. 
"Tis not by fasting to lament the slain 
‘ In battle; numbers fall on every side 230 
Of high renown: such grief would never cease. 
“ς Funereal rites, and one sad day of tears, 
‘ Alone they claim: but we who still survive 
‘* Must due refreshment take, that with our foes 
‘¢ We may unceasing fight, nor quit the field, 235 
‘ All clad in shining arms.. No second call 
‘ Expect: woe then to him who basely sculks 
“ Our ships among: let our collected force 


‘* Pour on the Trojans the whole storm of war.” 


XIX. THE ILIAD. 195 


He spake: and taking with him Nestor’s sons, 
Meges, and Thoas, and Meriones, 241 
And Lycomedes Creon’s warlike son, 

And Menalippus; to Atrides’ tent 
They went, and at a word the gifts receiv'd. 

First seven tripods from the tent they brought, 
Twenty resplendent vases; horses twelve; 246 
Seven captive females of excelling form, 

Well skill’d in various works; to these the eighth, 
They add Briseis, beautiful and fair. 

Ulysses led the way, and in his hand 250 
Ten golden talents bore: the Grecian youths 
Before the assembled chiefs in order rang’d 
The various gifts. Atrides from his seat 
Now rose: Talthybius, bearing in his hand 
The boar for sacrifice, stood near the king. 255 

Atrides then unsheath’d the knife, which hung 
His sword beside, and from the victim cut 
The sacred bristles ; and aloft in air 
To Jove Saturnian held the off’ring meet ; 
Confirming thus his oath: strict silence held 260 
The assembly mute, attentive to their king ; 

Who thus with lifted hands his pray’r address’d: 
“ Witness, great Jove, of heav’nly pow’'rs su- 
“ preme : 


02 


196 THE ILIAD. XIX. 


Earth, Sun, and Furies who beneath the earth 
Punish mankind who dare their oaths profane, 

‘ That spotless as she came the maid returns: 266 
If what I swear be false, may Heav’n"on me 
Pour down those ills reserv'd for perjur’d man !” 
He spake; and with the kmnife the victim slew: 

Talthybius seiz’d and hurl d into the sea 270 
The slaught’red victim, food to fish eonsign'd. 
Achilles rose, and said: “ Saturnian Jove ! 
Severest ills from thee afflict mankind: 
Nor had Atrides so my rage inflam’d, 
Nor fore’d Briseis from me, but that thou 275 
Didst multiplied deaths for Greece prepare. 
But go,-take short repast ; and then to arms.” 
Thus saying, he dismiss’d the council, call’d 


In haste: each Grecian to his ship repair'd. 


The Myrmidons, or at the tent, or ship 


Of Peleus’ son, the gifts in order plae’d ; 

And led the captive females to their seats ; 

And in their stalls the foaming steeds secur’d. 
Briseis, fair as Venus to behold, 

When first she saw Patroclus piere’d with wounds, 
“mbracing him, pour’d forth the mournful cry, 286 
Her bosom smote, and all her beauteous face 


Deform'd; and sorely weeping thus exclaim’d : 


XIX. THE ILIAD. 197 


“ς Patroclus! whom my soul did much esteem, 

“ | left thee living when from forth this tent . 290 

I went; now find thee a cold lifeless corpse. 

O chief rever’d! thus grief to grief succeeds, 

I||-fated as I am! Before our walls 

I saw my husband fall, and with him fell 
' Three brothers whom I lov’d: one mournful day 

Seal’d all their fates. Nor when Achilles slew 296 

My husband, and the city fair destroy'd 

Of Mynes, wouldst thou suffer me to weep ; 

But promis’d I should be Achilles’. wife, 

If thou mightst aught prevail; and in thy ship 

Safe conduct give, and nuptial feast prepare. 301 
‘ Thee, mildest friend, I must unceasing mourn.” 

Thus spake she weeping: with responsive tears 
tach captive wept; but inly for herself. 

The assembled elders press Achilles round 305 
Entreating him to eat; but he rejects 
Deep-sighing: “ O my friends, if you regard 
“ My wishes, I request you urge me not 
“ To take repast, for bitter is my grief; 

“ Till the sun set I patient will endure.” 310 

He spake; and to their tents the chiefs repaird. 
But still Ulysses, and the warlike sons 


Of Atreus, Nestor, and Idomeneus, 


198 THE ILIAD, 


And Pheenix staid; if haply they might sooth 


His grief: in vain; no pleasure might he know 315 


Till ent’red in the jaws of bloody war ; 

But still lamenting thus his grief express’d : 

“‘ And thou, unfortunate, but dearest friend, 

‘ Wert wont within my tent to spread the feast, 
Attentive ever, when the Greeks prepar'd 320 
The Trojans to assail: now thou art gone, 
Piere'd through with wounds; not food, though 

* near at hand, 
But thee my soul desireth ; thee, whose loss 
All other far exceedeth. Greater this 
Than the sad tidings of my father’s death, 325 
Who now perhaps in Phthia pours the flood 

‘ Of grief for such a son; but I the while 
Far distant, wage, for hated. Helen’s sake, 
Destructive war with Troy: or, of my son, 

If yet in Scyros Neoptolemus 

Still liveth. Once fond hope I entertain’d 

That I alone should perish in this land, 

From Argos far; whilst thou, returning hence 
To Phthia home, shouldst safe conduct my son 
From Scyros in thy ship, and show him all 335 
My fair possessions, servants, and abode 


“ς Spacious and large; for never can I think 


XIX; THE ILIAD. 199 


“ Peleus still lives :—but and if yet he live, 
“ ‘Worn down with grief and age, expecting still 
“ ‘The mournful tidings of his son’s decease.” 340 
Thus spake he weeping: the attendant chiefs 
Wept each a father, son, or country left. 
Jove saw their grief, and pitying thus address’d 
Minerva: “ Why dost thou, my child, forsake 
“ That mighty chief? or is Achilles now 345 
“ No more thy care? Still at his ships he weeps 
“ His lost Patroclus: whilst the host prepare 
“ Refreshment, he alone all food rejects. 
“ Go, and with nectar and ambrosia 
“ His soul refresh, that he no want may feel,” 350 
Urg’d by these words, with no unwilling mind, 
Like shrill-voic’d harpy with extended wing, 
Through zther down she flew, what time the Greeks 
To battle arm’d; and in Achilles’ breast 
Sweet nectar and ambrosia instill’d, 355 
Lest pressing hunger should his limbs invade. 
Minerva to high heav’n, her father’s throne, 
Return’d ; and from their ships the Grecians pour'd. 
As when thick clouds of driving snow, congeal’d 
By northern blasts, descend; so from the ships 360 
The glitt'ring helmets pour'd, and orbed shields, 


The hollow corselets, and the ashen spears : 


200 THE ILIAD. 


To heav’n the light ascended: from the gleam 
Of polish’d brass rejoic'd the gladd’ning fields, 
Resounding from the frequent foot of men. 865 

Achilles in the midst put on his arms, 
Gnashing his teeth with rage, whilst from his eyes 
Flash’d lightning ; anger scarce to be endur’d 
Ent’red his heart, and fell revenge to Troy. 

Then put he on his‘arms, the splendid gift 370 
Of Vulcan: first the greaves with silver clasps 
His limbs invested; on his chest he bound 
The corselet; and the sword his shoulders grac’d : 
Then the huge shield he took, massy and strong, 
Beaming with light as:doth the moon’s full orb. 375 
As when to mariners the distant fire 
Kindled by shepherds on the lonely mount 
Appears, whilst them the impetuous winds convey 
Reluctant from their friends o’er boundless seas ; 
So from Achilles’ well-wrought shield to heav’n 380 
The splendour shone: then lifting high, he plac’d 
The helmet on his brow, whose:crested cone 
Blaz'd like a star, waving with golden hair, 
By Vulcan’s art. Then he essay’d his arms, 
If well adapted to his martial frame: 385 
Like wings they lifted up the chief of men. 


Last, the paternal spear huge, weighty, strong, 


ΧΙΧ, THE ILIAD. 201 


He from his arm’ry took, which none might wield 

Save Peleus and his son; the wondrous spear 

Chiron had shap'd when from the lofty top 390 

Of Pelion hewn, fatal to num’rous chiefs. 

Automedon and Alcimus prepar’d 

The steeds, with gorgeous trappings richly dight ; 

And to their mouths the curbing bit applied, 

Extending to the well-compacted car 395 

The reins: then grasping firm the shining whip, 

Automedon the glitt’ring car within 

Ascended: near, and dazzling as the sun, 

In burnish’d arms Achilles stood, and thus 

The immortal coursers of his sire address’d: 400 
«© Xanthus and Balius, from Podarge sprung 

“ Illustrious, far other be your care, 


€¢ 


Him to bring back in safety to the fleet, 


“ Whom now you bear, when satiate with the fight; 


“ Nor leave him yonder, as Patroclus, slain.” 405 


8. 8 
With drooping head, and with dishevell’d mane 
Sweeping the ground, thus from beneath the yoke 
Xanthus replied, for Juno utt’rance gave: 
* This day in safety through the ranks of war 
“« We bear thee, warlike chief; yet doth thy end 
“ Approach, but through no fault of ours; for Jove 


“ Hath thus ordain’d, and overruling Fate. 


202 THE ILIAD. XIX, 


“ ‘Yet not from slowness, not from our neglect, 
*« The Trojans from Patroclus tore the spoil : 
“ ‘That pow’rful god who from Latona sprang 415 
‘ Slew him, and gave to Hector all the praise. 
« ‘Though we outstrip the swiftness of the winds, 
“ Of things most swift ; yet art thou doom’d to fall 
“ΒΥ mortal hands aided by pow’r divine.” 
Thus Xanthus; when the Fates for ever clos’d 
That voice. Achilles thus, indignant, spoke: 421 
“ ‘Why of my fate prophetic? It doth ill 
“« Become thee, Xanthus. Well indeed I know 
“ That from my parents I shall perish far! 
“« Then be it so: yet will I nothing cease 425 
“ ‘Till Troy with war be more than satisfied.” 


He spake ; and shouting urg’d his coursers on. 


THE ILIAD. 


pUUR XX: 


Tavs at their ships, of war insatiate 


The Grecian host around Achilles arm’d ; 

And opposite the Trojan force array’d 

Stood on an eminence; when mighty Jove 

Bade Themis call the high immortal pow’rs 

To council on Olympus: she forthwith 

All summon’d to the lofty seat of Jove. 
No river god, old Ocean’s self except, 

Nor nymph, or of the grove, or fountain pure, 

Or flow’ry mead, was absent: all appear’d 

On polish’d seats arrang’d, by Vulcan made 

For Jove supreme: thus they assembled were 

Before the throne of cloud-compelling Jove. 

Nor Neptune disobey’d: from Ocean’s depths 

He came, and thus to Jove his speech address’d: 15 
“ Why, mighty Thunderer, hast thou conven’d 

‘““ The gods? doth Troy, or Greece, thy thoughts 

“ engage? 


‘* For now the flames of war are lighted up.” 


wae oy DERE pare λύραι medion. 


204 THE ILIAD. 


To him thus cloud-compelling Jove replied : 
Neptune, my purpose thou hast well divin’d 20 
Why thus conven’d the gods: ‘Trojans and Greeks, 
Destin’d to fall, do yet demand my care. 
I, on Olympus’ lofty top enthron’d, 
Viewing the war, will thought indulge awhile: 
You all descending, or to Troy or Greece 25 
Assistance give as inclination leads ; 
For should Achilles with the Trojans fight 
Unaided, they will scarce the attack sustain 
Of him, whose sight alone such dread inspir'd : 
But now I fear, since angry for his friend, 30 
* Lest he the eity storm; though Fates forbid.” 
Thus Jove; and kindled all the rage of war 
In heav’nly minds, on different sides engag’d. 
Juno and Pallas to the Grecian ships, 
And Neptune, shaker of the earth; with them 35 
Hermes, inventor of all useful arts; 
And Vulcan, glorying in his rugged strength, 
Mov’d on with knees that ill his weight sustain’d, 
But Mars distinguish’d by his varied crest, 
Pheebus, and Dian with her winged shafts, 
The Trojans join’d; with them Latona came, 
Xanthus, and Venus ever crown’d with smiles. 


Whrlst still apart the heav nly pow rs remain’d, 


XX: THE ILIAD. 


The Grecians gloried in Achilles’ might 
Exulting, for he long had ceas’d from war ; 
And fear and trembling seiz’d the Trojan host 
When Peleus’ warlike son in arms they saw 
Resplendent, dreadful as destructive Mars. 

But when the heav'nly pow’rs the battle join'd, 
Then madd’ning Tumult rear'd her monstrous head. 
Pallas, now at the fosse without the wall, 51 
Now at the sounding shore, her voice uprais'd 
Tremendous: opposite, tempestuous Mars 
From Ilium’s tow’rs the Trojans rous’d to arms 
Shouting; and now by Simois, on the hill 55 
Callicalone nam’d. To battle thus 
The gods each host impell’d, and loos’d the reins 
Of havoc fell: the Sire of gods and men 


Thund’red terrific ; Neptune from beneath 


Shook earth and seas: then trembled Ida’s top 60 


E’en to its lowest base, and Tlium’s tow’rs 
ixtensive, and the distant fleet of Greece. 

Then trembled Pluto in his dark abode; 

And fearful started from his ebon throne 
Shouting ; lest Neptune rend the solid globe 65 
Of earth, and all his dreary realms disclose 

To view: by heav’nly pow’rs themselves abhorr’d. 


Such was the noise when gods to battle mov’d.— 


206 THE ILIAD. a ΧΧ, THE ILIAD, 207 


Apollo with his arrows stood oppos’d | “ Or I had perish’d by Achilles’ hands, 

To Neptune; and to Mars the blue-ey’d maid 7 iq “ And Pallas, who preceding him, success 95 
Pallas; to Juno, Dian with her shafts 3 “ Against the Leleges and Trojans gave : 

Huntress the woods among: but Mercury, : “ Therefore with him no mortal dare engage : 

Of arts inventor, check’d Latona’s rage : q “ Each winged shaft some fav’ring deity 


Oppos’d to Vulcan stood the river god 7 ““ From him averts, or to his rapid spear 


Xanthus in heav’n, on earth Scamander call’d. 75 Gives force, and guides it to its destin’d mark. 100 


“* Might Heav’n but grant me aid, he should not find 


Thus gods opposed gods: but Peleus’ son 


Sought Hector only; eager with his death “ An easy war, though clad in panoply.” 


To satiate Mars, and glut his thirst of blood. ; ᾿ Phoebus replied: “ You then, illustrious chief, 
« To Heav’n address the pray’r. Report doth say 


Now Pheebus urg’d AEneas, and with strength 


Inspir'd, against Achilles to contend: 80 “* You are from Venus sprung, daughter of Jove; 


Like Priam’s son Lycaon he appear'd He from a goddess of inferior note, 106 


In form and voice, and thus the chief address’d: From Thetis boasts descent, and Ocean’s flood. 


“ /Eneas, Trojan chief, where now the threats On then with spear advance, and dare the fight; 


“ Which erst you utt’red at the genial feast, ‘ By threats, by sounding words nothing dismay’d.” 


“ ‘That with Achilles you would dare the fight?” 85 : He spake; and all his soul with courage fir'd: 


Aineas answ’red: “ Why, Lycaon, thus Onward he mov’d all-clad in shining brass. 111 


“ Dost thou impel me, nothing so inclin’d, Juno perceiv'd Anchises’ martial son 


“ To fight with Peleus’ son? His matchless force Advancing with Achilles to engage, 


- I ton experience know, what time he seiz’d And quick conyening thus the gods address’d : 


“4 Our cattle, and from Ida chas’d me down 90 “ Say Neptune, Pallas say, how this may be; 115 


ες “© ἤἄληραβ now all-arm’d in shining brass 


Pursuing with his spear; and Pedasus 


“ Took, and Lyrnessus. Me protecting Jove ‘* Advanceth, with Achilles to contend, 


P . . Δ 6 Terre® , Pp A ν΄ ὦ Ὑ ᾿ ᾿ Pe 
“ Sav'd, and endued with swiftness to escape, Urg’d on by Pheebus: let us then forthwith 


208 THE ILIAD. 


“‘ Cause him retire again; or to the son 

“ Of Peleus by our presence courage give, 120 

* And mind exempt from fear; that he may know 

“Οἱ heav’nly pow’rs the mightiest aid his cause, 

« Whilst they who Troy assist are nothing worth. 

“ We therefore join the war this day from heav’n 

“ς Descending, lest he suffer aught from Troy. 125 

*“* Hereafter he must patiently endure 

“© ‘Whatever at his birth stern Fate decreed, 

“ ‘Weaving the web of life: not warn’d of this 

“ By voice divine, he might with terror see 

“ Some adverse deity the ranks among, 130 

** ‘Then dreadful most when manifest to view.” 
The god whose trident shakes the earth replied : 

** Juno, intemperate rage becomes thee not ; 

“1 wish not to contend with other pow’rs 

“ Of heav’n, to us inferior; but apart 

“ Let us retire, and leave the war to men. 

“ Yet should or Mars or Phoebus first begin 

“Ἴδε conflict, or impede Achilles’ force, 

“ Nor suffer him to fight, we will ourselves 

“* Commence the war: full soon, or I misdeem, 140 

“ They gladly will rejoin the heav’nly choir, 

“ Subdued perforce by our superior might.” 


He spake; and led the way to that high mount 


“. THE ILIAD. 209 


In haste thrown up, which erst the Trojans rais’d 
With Pallas’ aid, for mighty Hereules 145 
Sure refuge, when the monster of the deep 
Pursued him flying to the distant plain. 

There Neptune, and the deities retir'd 

In clouds involv’d impenetrable, sat. 

Whilst on the hill Callicalone nam’d, 

The pow’rs in aid of Troy, Pheebus, round thee 


And Mars collected sat, in counsel deep 


150 


On either side engag’d; but yet averse 
To join the conflict, though impell’d by Jove. 


The plain was fill’d, and shone with glitt’ring brass 


Of men and steeds; and as they mov’d to war 156 


The earth resounded from their numerous feet. 
Two heroes, bravest of their host, advane’d, 

Prepar'd to fight; A&neas, and the son 

Of Peleus. But with threat’ning aspect first 160 

‘Eneas forward came; his crested cone 

Nodded terrific: with his pond’rous shield 

High rais’d, and brandishing his spear, he mov’d. 
Then rose the might of Peleus’ warlike son: 


As the gaunt lion, whom the village hinds 165 


Collected fierce assail; in scornful guise 


Onward he moves, till wounded by some youth 


Of hardihood he turns, and, gaping wide, 


VOL. IF, P 


4 


& 


10 THE ILIAD. 


The.terrors of his foaming jaws to view 


Presents, and growling from his inmost soul 170 


Lashes his sides, and calls up all his ire ; 


And looking furious rushes to the war, 


Intent on slaughter, or resolv’d to die. 


Achilles not unconscious of his might, 


Thus to the conflict with A5neas mov’d 175 


Dauntless: when near approach’d, Achilles first 


The Trojan chief address’d: ‘ Why thus advanc’d, 


[11 


[ 44 


/Eneas, in the van dost thou appear? 

Doth thy mind urge thee to contend with me, 
That thou mayst reign in Troy, and honour share 
Equal with Priam? Shouldst thou slay me then, 
Yet will not Priam grant thee to succeed, 

For he hath sons, and is not light of mind: 

Or have the Trojans promis'd in reward 

Some large and pleasant field for tillage meet, 

If thou shalt slay me? difficult the task ; 186 
For thou hast fled ere now from this my spear. 
Hast thou forgotten when from Ida’s mount 

I chas’d thee down, thy cattle left behind? 

Not daring to look back thou fled’st amain, 190 
Escaping to Lyrnessus: I destroy’d 

That city by the aid of mighty Jove 


And Pallas, and their females captive led: 


THE ILIAD. 211 


Aided by heav’nly pow’rs thou didst escape ; 
Vain is the thought that they will save thee now. 
Retire then, nor oppose thy strength to mine, 
Ere ill betide thee: fools are taught too late.” 
‘Eneas answ'red: “ Think not, mighty chief, 
Achilles, to affright me as a child 


With words; I too might use reproachful words. 


‘ Report hath taught us of each other’s birth, 201 


Known far and wide; yet have I never seen 


Thy parents, nor have mine been seen by thee. 


They say, indeed, thou art from Peleus sprung, 


And fair-hair’d Thetis goddess of the sea: 205 
I from Anchises chief of high renown, 

And Venus, boast descent. Our parents then, 
Or yours or mine, this day shall mourn a son; 

For not by childish words must end our strife. 
But wouldst thou learn, (many there are who know 
My lineage,) Dardanus from mighty Jove 211 
Boasted descent: (he first Dardania built ; 

Ere sacred 'Troy on yonder plain appear'd, 

Our sires at Ida’s foot securely dwelt :) 

From Dardanus sprang Ericthonius, 215 
Wealthiest of mortals; in his pastures graz’d 
Three thousand mares, each joyful with her foal : 
Boreas of these enamour’d chane’d his form, 


P 2 


A Sn te See ai, ROT aN Te ERE eee 


212 THE ILIAD. XX, 


A horse confest, and bounding o'er the meads 

Twelve foals begat, in swiftness like the winds: 

These, when o'er fields they urg’d their rapid 
“* course, 221 

Nor hurt the blade nor bruis’d the tender ear ; 

Nor when they skimm’d the surface of the main, 

Dipp’d in the frothy surge their airy feet. 

To Ericthonius succeeded Tros, 225 

His son: to Tros were born three sons: Ilus, 

Assaracus, and Ganymede of men 

The fairest, whom the gods to heaven rais’d, 

To dwell with them, and bear the cup of Jove. 

From Ilus sprang Laomedon: from him 230 

Five sons deriv’d; Tythonus, Priamus, 

Lampus, and Clytius, and Hycetaon 

Like Mars in fight: but from Assaracus 

Capys, from whom Anchises boasts descent, 

And I from him: from Priam Hector sprang. 

Such is the lineage, such the race I boast. 

But, Jove at pleasure courage gives to man, 

Or minisheth; to him all pow’r belongs. 

But come, no longer let us parley thus 

Like children, standing in the midst of war 240 

Idle; reproaches heaping on reproach, 


We might soon fill a barque of larger size 


XX. THE ILIAD. 


“ To sinking; for the tongue is voluble 

“ Of man, nor wanteth words or subject meet, 

So wide indeed the range; and as you speak 245 

Of others, you shall surely hear yourself. 

But why should we with contumelious words 

Reproach each other, as the custom is 

Of women oft, who, when engag'd in strife 

Pernicious, still persist in language harsh 250 

F’en in the public streets, and, true or false, 

Pour forth whatever anger may suggest ? 

Not then with words shalt thou subdue a mind 

With courage arm’d like mine; our spears alone 

' Must end the conflict: let us then begin 255 

The fight, and quickly taste each other’s spear.” 
Thus spake he; and with vehemence the shield 

Smote with his spear, whose point resounded shrill 

On the vast οὐδ, which with a pow’rful hand, 

Not unalarm’d, Achilles quick advane'd 260 

Before him; for he thought the rapid lance 


Hurl’d by A&ineas might with ease pass through : 


Vain thought indeed! nor did he once reflect, 


And in his mind consider, that the gift 
Of heav’nly pow’rs may not by mortal man 265 
With ease be piere’d, or yield to human force. 


For not the spear of great Anchises’ son 


214 THE ILIAD. 


Might passage find; the gold its fury staid: 
Two plates it pass’d, three yet untouch’d remain’d: 
For five had Vulcan made: two were of brass, 270 
And two of tin; and one of solid gold 
The centre held, which staid the rapid lance. 
Then rose Achilles, and his massy spear 
Hurl'd vehement, and smote Aineas’ shield ; 
And through the outer rim, where thinnest folds 
The orb embrac’d, there pass’d uncheck’d its flight, 
The Pylian spear: shrill-sounded from the stroke 
The well-pois’'d shield. A®neas stooping shunn’d 
The fatal stroke, yet trembling at its force : 
Above the chief the stormy weapon flew, 280 
And spent its force in earth: through two thin folds 
It burst: untouch’d he stood, not without fear 
And grief, so near the dead] y weapon pass’d. 
Forthwith Achilles with his sworfl rush’d on, 
Shouting terrific; when Aineas seiz’d 
A stone of wondrous size; not two might lift 
Its weight enormous such as men are now, 
Degenerate ; he alone high pois’d in air. 
Then had Aineas on Achilles’ shield 


Or helmet smote in vain, or with his sword 290 


Him had Achilles soon of life depriv'd ; 


But Neptune quick perceiv’d, and: thus address'd 


Xx. THE ILIAD. 


The present deities: “ Much am I griev'd 
“ For brave ASneas, who must soon descend 
‘ To Pluto’s realm, by Peleus’ son subdued, 
Urg’d on by Pheebus to the unequal fight ; 
Improvident! No aid Apollo gives. 
Yet why for others’ crimes, guiltless himself, 
Should he thus suffer? he whose plous care 
To all the heav’nly pow'rs due off ring pays. 300 
Let us then save him from impending death, 
Fearful lest Jove himself be much incens’d 
Should he now perish, destin’d to escape ; 
Lest the whole race of Dardanus should cease 
And be extinct, whom above all he loves 305 
Of woman born, boasting descent from him. 
The sons of Priam doth Saturnius hate : 
And to Atneas, and his future race, 
The sceptre and the throne of Troy descends,” 
Juno replied: “ Neptune, be that thy care, 310 
Either to save Eneas, or permit 
That he now perish by Achilles’ sword : 
Just though he be, Pallas and I have sworn 
(And all the pow’rs of heav’n can witness bear) 
Never from Troy to ward the fatal day, 315 
Not when with bick’ring flames encompass'd round 
She falls, just victim to the arms of Greece.” 


When Neptune heard, he hast’ned to the fight 


216 THE ILIAD. 


And tumult of the field; and where the chiefs 
Aineas and Achilles stood prepar'd 320 
For onset, interpos’d ; and with thick clouds 
Achilles’ sight impeded, and the spear 
Pluck’d from AEneas’ shield, and on the ground 
Plac’d at Achilles’ feet: then high in air 
Uplifting, bore Aineas o’er the ranks 
Of horsemen and of foot with hand divine ; 
Till in the rear of all the host arriv’d, 
Where the brave Caucons arm’d them to the 
fight : 
Him near approaching Neptune thus address’d: 
““ What hostile pow’r, Auneas, urg’d thee on 330 
To fight with Peleus’ son, braver than thou ; 
*© More favour'd by the gods? Retire from him 
“ If thou age:a shouldst meet, nor tempt thy fate. 
“< ‘When he shall be no more, then boldly fight ; 
* Secure no Grecian chief shal] lay thee low.” 335 
He spake; and full instructed left him there; 
Then from Achilles he the cloud remoy'd: 
Who clearly seeing thus indignant spake : 
“What do my eyes behold! Here on the ground 
« My spear I see, but do not see the chief 340 
“Αἴ whom I hurl'd it with intent to kill: 


« /Eneas then is favour'd of the gods, 


** Though vain I thought his boast: perish he then! 


XX, THE ILIAD, 217 


““ Yet will be not again conténd in arms 
“ With me, glad thus to have from death escap’d : 
“ | then, encouraging the Grecian host, — 346 
“ Will try what Trojan dare with me contend.” 
He spake, and rush’d to war, exhorting loud 
Each Grecian chief: “ No longer stand aloof, 
“ But man to man oppos’d renew the fight. 350 
“ However brave, it cannot be that I 
With all contend, or all] pursue; not Mars, 
““ Not Pallas, all immortal as they are, 
In battle so extensive might maintain 
“ Conflict like this, and labour through the whole: 
“ Yet will I nothing cease as far as strength 355 
“ Admit, whate’er my hands and feet can do 
“ Labouring hard; nor may that Trojan chief 
“ Rejoice, who shall approach this fatal spear.” 
Thus he encourag’d them. Hector meantime 366 
Exclaiming loudly to his host, declar’d 
The purpose of his mind: “ Illustrious chiefs, 
** Fear not this son of Peleus: if with words 
“ We fought, indeed, I might with gods contend ; 
“ Not so with spear, for they are mightier far. 365 
© Nor may Achilles all his vaunting boasts 
“ Fulfil; if he in this succeed, in that 


* He needs must fail: I will myself oppose 


218 THE ILIAD. XX. 


“ This boaster, though like fire his hands; his hands 
“ Like fire, and heated iron all his heart.” 370 
Thus he: when onward mov’d the Trojan force 
With lifted spears, and mingled in the fight ; 
And clamour loud prevail’d. Apollo now 
Approaching Hector, thus the chief address‘d: 
** Hector, advance not foremost in the ranks 375 
“ With Peleus’ son to fight; but by thy host 
“ Supported, with united force engage, 
“ Lest he should wound thee or with sword or spear.” 
He spake; and Hector to the ranks retird 


Not without fear, when heard the voice divine. 380 


Then onthe Trojans rush’d Achilles’ might 


With shout terrific, and Iphition slew, 
Son of Otrynteus, chief of high renown. 
Him whilom Nais to Otrynteus bore 
In Hyda, under Tmolus’ lofty mount 
Snow-clad: him eager rushing to the war 
Achilles smote: his front receiv’d the blow ; 
The impetuous spear his forehead cleft in twain ; 
Sounding he fell: the victor thus exclaim’d: 

“ Son of Otrynteus, mighty chief, die there. 390 
“* What though possessions fair by Gyge’s lake 
« Thy lineage boast, where Hyllus’ fishy stream 


© And gulphy Hermus pour their rapid floods 2” 


xx. THE ILIAD: 219 


- 


Thus he exulting: darkness clos’d the eyes 
Of fall’'n Iphition; him the Grecian steeds 395 
Roll’d in the van beneath the blood-stain’d wheels. 
Then on Demoleon warrior brave he rush’d, 
Antenor’s son; the rapid spear transfix’d 
His brazen casque, and pierc’d his temple through, 
And broke the bone; and onward to the brain 400 
Pass'd vehement, and quench’d the hero’s fire. 
Next in his back, as from his ear he leap’d 
Preparing flight, Hippodamas he slew: 
He pants, he groans, and dies. As doth the bull 
In Helice, to Neptune off ring meet, 405 
Dragg’d by the youths along; with secret joy 
The god accepts; so groaning loud he dies. 
Now Polydorus he pursued, the son 
Of Priam youngest born, and most belov'd. 
The father’s care forbad the dang’rous war, 
Though swiftest in the race. Improvident! 
Exulting in his speed he scour’d the plain, 
And in the van appear’d; there ceas’d his course: 
Him as he pass’d, Achilles with his spear 
Smote in the loins, where cross’d the well-wrought 
belt 415 
With golden clasps united, and oppos'd 


A double guard: the brazen point pass'd on 


220 THE ILIAD. xx, 


Quite through : prone on his knees he fell; his hands 

The wound compress’d: thick darkness clos’d his 
eyes. 

But Hector, when perceiv'd his brother slain, 420 

His entrails gushing forth, a cloud of grief 

Oppress’d his mind; nor could he more endure 

The distant fight; but brandishing his spear, 

Like flames advane’d, and dar’d the mighty foe. 


Achilles saw him, and elate with joy 425 


Exclaim’d: “That man is near who hath my soul 


&¢ 


Most deeply wounded; who that friend hath slain 
“ Whom most I lov’'d: no longer shall we now 

** Avoid each other in the ranks of war.” 

He spake; and sternly viewing Hector, said: 430 
Approach, that thou mayst quickly meet thy fate.” 
Hector replied, and with undaunted mind: 
Think not with empty words, O warlike son 

Of Peleus, to affright me as a child: 

I too could use harsh and reproachful words ; 435 
I know that thou art mightier far than I: 

Events of war the gods alone dispose. 

This spear of mine, though from a weaker arm, 

* ‘May lay thee low perchance, if Heav’n permit ; 

* For it doth bear a sharp’ned point before.” 440 


He spake, and hurl’d his spear, which with a breath 


xX. THE ILIAD. 


Minerva from Achilles turn’d aside, 


And plac’d at Hector’s feet: Achilles now 
Eager rush’d on with slaughterous intent, 
Shouting tremendous. But Apollo sav'd 
Hector with ease, and in a cloud involv'd. 
Thrice rush’d Achilles with his lifted spear ; 
Thrice smote the air in vain: but when again 
He rush’d to war with more than mortal force, 
With clamour loud he thus his rage expressd: 450 
“ Dog as thou art, thou hast again escap’d ; 
“ Yet danger was at hand: Apollo now 
“ Hath sav’d thee; for to him thy votive pray’r 
Is paid when ent’ring mid the shock of arms, 
If I but meet thee once again, thou diest, ? 455 
‘ Should any fav’ring god my cause assist : 
' Now other Trojans shall my vengeance feel.” 
He spake; and with his spear full on the neck 
Smote Dryops, whom he left upon the plain; 
And piercing through the knee Philetor’s son. 460 
Demuchus, stay’d him; then with his huge sword 
Of light and life depriv’d. Next Bias’ sons, 
Laogonus and Dardanus, he slew; 
This with the sword; that perish’d by the spear. 
Then Tros, Alastor’s son: he sued for life, 465 


Embrac’d the victor’s-knees. and pity claim’d 


299 THE ILIAD. 


From youth, for as Achilles’ such his years : 
Improvident! nor knew his suit ‘was vain: 

Nor mild nor gentle was Achilles’ mind, 

But fierce in the extreme. His knees he touch’d. 
And urg’d his pray’r; nathless the rapid sword 471 
Deep in his side infix’d the ghastly wound: 
Lifeless he fell, and darkness clos’d his eyes. 

Next Mulius died: the lance through both his ears 
Pass’d vehement, for near Achilles stood. 475 
Echeclus then he slew, Agenor’s son ; 

The pond’rous sword his forehead cleft in twain, 


Warm’d was the sword with blood; and purple death, 


And fate inevitable, clos’d his eyes. 


Deucalion in the elbow, where unite 480 
The tendons, next he smote: the brazen point 
Pass’d through the arm: arrested by the wound 
He saw his fate: incontinent the sword 
Descending, from the trunk his head lopp’d off, 
And helmet; from the sev’red spine the life 488 
Issued: extended on the plain he fell. 

Rhigmus he now invades, the blameless son 
Of Pireus, who from fertile Thracia came: 

Fixt in his bowels stood the fatal spear: 
Headlong he fell. Next, as he turn’d to fight 490 


His coursers, Areithous receiv’d 


XX. THE ILIAD. 223 


The spear between his shoulders; prone he fell 
From off his car: the fright’ned steeds recoil’d. 

As when the rage of all-destructive fire 
Burns in the deep’ned glen, within the side 405 
Of some high mountain, and the forest roars 
As onward roll the flames by winds increas’d ; 
So on all sides Achilles with his spear 
Rag’d furious, and the blood in rivers flow’d. 

And as the steers, broad-fronted, lowing loud, 500 
Upon the level floor the barn within 
Tread the light grain, and separate with ease ; 
So the immortal steeds of Peleus’ son, 
O’er shields, o’er arms and bodies of the slain 
Trampled: with blood the axle, and the wheels 505 
With blood are stain’d, dash’d from the frequent foot 
Of prancing steeds; as thirsting still for fame, 


And cov’red o’er with gore, Achilles rush’d along. 
9 ; 9 


THE ILIAD. 


BOOK ΧΧΙ. 


Bur when they came to Xanthus’ rapid stream 
From Jove deriv’d; there separated he 
The flying foe, and-o’er the plain pursued 
The routed host to Troy, by the same way 
Where erst the Grecians fled from Hector’s rage; 5 
For there they pour’d along. Juno meantime 
Shed darkness round them to impede their flight : 
Whilst others in the deep-ingulfed. stream ' 
Sought refuge, plunging in with dashing noise ; 
The waters sounded and the winding shores, 10 
As clamorous and loud, in eddies tost; 
They swam : thus from the raging element 
The locust flies, when sudden flames burst forth 
Extending far: they fearful seek the stream. 

Thus the deep bed of Xanthus’ rapid tide 15 
With horse and men promiscuous was fill’d 
By Peleus’ son: hid in a tamarisk 
His spear he left, and plung’d into the flood 
Grasping his sword, on deeds of death intent: 


VOL. 11. τοὶ 


226 THE ILIAD. 


On every side the rapid strokes descend, 
Deep groans are heard ; the stream is red with blood. 
As from the dolphin fly the smaller fish 

To the sate creek, or haven’s winding shores, 

Frightned ; for many..greedy-he devours : 

So in the hollow banks of Xanthus’ stream 25 

The Trojans lay conceal’d.. And now, his arm 

With slaughter tir’d, twelve youths he from the flood 

Alive selected, victims to the shade 

Of slain Patroclus; these he drage’d along, 

Trembling as fawns, and bound with thongs their 
hands ; 30 

Thongs which their own habiliments supplied ; 

And sent them to the ships with conduct safe. 

Then rush’d he onward, still'on slaughter bent; 

There met he, as ftom forth the stream he fled, 

Lycaon, Priam’s son; whom captive erst 

He had surpris’d and taken unawares, 

As 'm the garden of his royal ‘sire 

He from'a fig-tree cut the tender shoots 

For chariot rings: him there, ‘ill-unforeseen’! 

Achilles seiz’d, and sold ‘to’ Lettinos’ isle : 

The son of Jason paid the’stated price: 

Imbrius his guest again the youth redeém’d 


For ransom large, aud to Arisbe’sent : 


ΧΧΙ. THE ILIAD. 227 


From thence he fled: and gain’d his father’s house, 


From Lemnos safe return’d. Eleven days 45 
He gave to joy and pleasure with his friends} 

But on that day, the twelfth, o’erruling Fate 
Threw him again into Achilles’ hand; 


Yet never to return; to death consign’d, 


And Pluto's realm! .Him when Achilles knew, 50 


Though naked, without helmet, shield or spear, 

(For these he cast away with labour spent 

Contending with the stream,) indignant thus 

He commun’d with himself: “O gracious heav'n! 

“ What prodigy is this my eyes behold? 55 

Soon then will all the Trojans I have slain 

“ Rise from their dark abode, since he whom late 

“ I sold in Lemnos hath from thence escap’d ; 

“ Nor hath the depth of ocean kept him there, 

“ Though many all-unwilling it detain. 60 

“ But he shall taste this spear, that I may know 

“ If yet he may escape ; or whether earth 

“ May hold this man, which many braver holds.” 
Thus commun’d he: with fear the youth ἂρ: 

proach’d 

Trembling, all-eager to embrace his knees, 65 

If so he might prevail. With lifted arm 

Achilles aim’d his spear; the suppliant prone 


a2 


228 THE ILIAD. XX. 


Fell‘and'embrac’d his knees: fixt in the ground 
Above his back the weapon trembling stood 
Thirsting for blood: one hand his knees embrac’d, 
One held the spear; and thus his humble suit 71 
Lycaon urg’d: “ Let me thy pity move, 

“ Achilles; at thy knees I suppliant bend, 

And'claim thy mercy, O illustrious chief! 
Whilom thy guest I feasted at thy board, 75 
And did eat bread with thee on that same day 
When in the garden captive made, and sent 
To Lemnos’ isle, far from my native land, 
Far from my friends. For me thou didst receive 
A hundred beeves; now shall my ransom ‘be “80 
That sum thrice told. This morning is the twelfth 

‘ Since I return’d again ἴο sacred Troy, 

From trials mest severe: now cruel Fate 
And angry Jove have giv'n me to thy hands. 

‘ A’son short-liv'd indeed my mother bore, 85 
Laothoé;: from ancient Altha sprung ; 

‘ Altha chief captain of the Leleges, 

From lofty Pedasus by Satnius’ stream. 

Her Priam married, one of many wives ; 

Of whom two sons were born, destin’d by thee 90 
To perish: one thou hast already slain 


Advancing in the ranks, for by thy spear 


ΧΧΙ. THE ILIAD. 229 


“ Transfixt, the godlike Polydorus fell: 

“ Now me stern fate impends; nor from thy hands, 
If right I deem, may Γ again escape. 

“ Yet slay me not; but hear what 1 affirm: 95 

“ Not to Laothoé doth Hector owe 

“ His birth, who slew thy mild and valiant friend.” 
Thus Priam’s son with supplication urg’d 

His suit—m vain ; for harsh was the reply.: 

“« ‘Talk not of ransom at a time like this: 101 
Before Patroclus fell I could myself 
Show mercy, and had pleasure in the deed ; 

‘ And numbers have I captur’d, numbers sold : 
But now,.of all whom fate within my pow’r 105 
May bring before these walls, not one shall death 
Escape ; and least of all thy hated race. 

Die then, my friend: why vainly thus lament ? 
Patroclus, braver far. than thou, is dead. 
‘ Seest thou not me, in stature and in strength 110 
‘ Pre-eminent? A goddess gave me birth, 
And Peleus was my sire: yet after thine 

‘ My death will also come: or in.the morn 
Or even, or mid-day, the spear: will fly, 

Or arrow from the hand that seals my doom.” 115 
He spake: palsied with fear Lycaon stood ; 


Quitting his hold, he trembling sank to:earth 


230 THE ILIAD. 


With hands extended ; quick the rapid sword 


Descending; on his neck the fatal wound 


Inflicts: extended on the plain he falls ; 120 


The warm blood issuing forth bedews the soil: 

Him stern Achilles seizing by the feet 

Hurl'd in midstream, and thus exulting spoke : 
“ Lie there, and let the fishes lick thy wounds 

* Secure; nor shall a mother mourn thy fate 128 
Stretch’d on thy bier; but in his gulfy stream 
Scamander shall convey thee to the sea; 

“ There, gliding through the surface of the deep, 
Fish shall devour Lycaon’s noble limbs. 


Thus perish ye till we shall capture Troy; 130 
You flying, I pursuing in the rear 


* With slaughter: nor may aught this river aid 

** And all his streams, with sacrifice of bulls 

** Invok’d, or living steeds in the deep gulf 

** Immerst; but that you all shall perishthus, 135 

“ In just revenge for my lamented friend 

“ Patroclus, and those chiefs who at the ships 

“ Contending fell, whilst I from war abstain’d.” 
Thus spake he: but the river god incens’d, 

Sought means to quell the rage of Peleus’ son, 140 

And turn from ‘Troy his desolating course. 


Meantime Achilles with uplifted spear 


aan THE ILIAD. 


Rush’d on Asteropzeus, warlike son 

Of Pelegon ; whom Periboea bore 

Fo Axius’ stream divine: she eldest born 

Of Acessamenos: him Peleus’ son 

Attack’d. Asteropzeus from the stream 

Uprising, dauntless stood ; and in each hand 

A spear he grasp’d : Seamander’s potent god 

Fir'd him with courage; angry that his stream 150 

Was fill'd with slaught’red youths, whom Peleus’ son 

Had pitiless destroy’d. When near approach’d, 

Achilles thus: “‘ Who, and from whence art thou, 

“ That dar’st my force oppose? Unhappy they 

“ς Whose sons with me-contend.” Him answ’red then 

The son of Pelegon: “ Illustrious chief 156 

“ Achilles, why my lineage dost thou ask ? 

“ From fair Peonia’s fertile land 1 come, 

-ς Whose bands I lead: this the eleventh day 

“ Since I arriv’d to aid the cause of Troy. 160 

« From Axius’ ample flood I boast descent ; 

“ Axius, who pours along the purest stream 

ἐς That waters earth: brave Pelegon from him, 

“ And I from Pelegon,.so fame reports, 

“ My birth derive: now fight we, chief renown'd." 
Thus spake he threat’ning: quick the Pelean spear 


Achilles rais'd; when from each hand a lance 


232 THE ILIAD. 


Asteropzus threw: this on the shield 

Smote vehement, yet pierc’d it not; the gold 
Check’d all its force, the present of a god: 170 
That with light wound Achilles’ elbow graz‘d, 

The blood forth started; fixt within the ground 
Thirsting for blood the spear stil] quiv’ring stood. 
Achilles now his mighty weapon hurl’d, 

Eager Asteropzus to destroy ; 174 
But miss’d him; deep within the bank infixt 

The Pelean spear remain’d: drawing his sword 
Achilles onward rush’d. Meantime the chief 
Intent.to gain the Pelean spear, in vain 


Thrice from the bank to pluck it forth essay’d; 180 


Thrice fail’d his strength: but when he now pre- 


par'd 

To break the spear, Achilles with his sword 
Of life depriv’d him; in his belly fixt, 
The reeking weapon all his entrails tore ; 
And darkness veil’d his eyes: Achilles seizd 1885 
The spoil his arms, and thus exulting said : 

Lie thus: *tis not for such as thou to dare 
“ Contend with those who boast descent from Jove: 
“ Thou saidst, indeed, a river gave thee birth ; 
‘“ I mine derive from Jove. Peleus my sire, 190 


* Chief of the Myrmidons from Eacus ; 


one: THE ILIAD. 


And-acus from Jove his lineage boasts : 

From Jove, superior far to every,stream 

That pours his flood ; and rushes to the sea. 

The race of Jove all rivers doth excel: 195 
‘ Nor may this river near thee aught avail, 

Or dare contend with high Saturnian Jove: 

Not Achelous may with Jove compare, 

Of mighty rivers chief: not Ocean’s self, 

With all his floods; from whom all streams their 

*** source, 200 
* All springs, all fountains, and all seas derive ; 
“ Yet doth he fear the thunderbolt of Jove, 
* And tremble when from heav’n the crash de- 
‘** scends,” 

He spake; and from the bank drew forth his spear, 
And left him on the sands of life depriv’d ; 205 
Wash’d by the waves, to fishes now a prey ; 

Who in the waters all his limbs devourd. 

Then rush’d he on the fam’d Mezonian horse, 

Who by the margin of Scamander’s stream 

Stood trembling, when they saw their valiant chief 
Thus by Achilles’ slain: these he assail’d. 210 
Then Mydon and Thersilochus he slew, 

And Ophelestes, and Astypylus, 


Mnesus and Thrasrus, and AXnius ; 


234 THE ILIAD. XXI. 


And more had slain; when the indignant stream, 

In form a man, Pelides thus address’d: 216 
“ In courage and im bold injurious acts, 
O first of men Achilles, by some god 
Assisted ever; if it be that Jove 
Hath destin’d every Trojan chief to fall 220 
By thee, yet far from hence thy victims drive; 
With slaught’red heaps my pleasant stream is fill'd; 
Nor may I bear my tribute to the sea 
Encumb’red thus: such numbers thou hast slain, 
E stand amaz'd: O cease, illustrious chief’ 225 
Achilles answ’red: “ Even as thou say’st, 

“ Scamander, stream divine; yet ceasé ἔ not 

* To slay the Trojans till within their walls 

““ T shut them up, and with their mighty chief 

“ Hector contend for victory, or death.” 230 
Thus he; and angry rush’d upon the foe. 

To Pheebus then the gulfy river spake: 
“ O son of Jove, god of the stiver bow, 

“ Dost thou neglect the counsel of high Jove 

“ To thee address’d, that thou shouldst aid the cause 

“ Of Troy, till evening shade the fertile earth” 236 
He spake: when from the bank Achilles arm’d 


Leap’d in midstream : the indignant flood with rage 


Boiling, his various waters pour’d around 


ΧΧΙ. THE ΠῚ AD. 235 


With bellowing noise, and cast forth all his dead 
Slain by Achilles; but the living sav'd, 241 
Hid in the hollows of his gulfy shore: 
The pomted wave high rais’d around the chief 
Dash’d on his shield; nor found he where to rest 
His feet, so swell’d the flood: an elm he grasp’d, 
His last support; the lofty tree to earth 246 
Fell prone by root uptorn, and damm’d the stream, 
From bank to bank extended as a bridge. 
Upsprang the chief from forth the whelming flood, 
Not unalarm’d, and sought the distant plain: 250 
Nor ceas'd Scamander, but with force increas’d 
His black’ning wave roll’d onward to repress 
Achilles’ might, and turn him back from Troy. 
Forth sprang Pelides distant as the flight 
Of well-thrown spear, darting with eagle’s force, 
The strongest and the swiftest bird of air: 256 
So rush’d he: on his chest the radiant arms 
Rang dreadful as he fled with course oblique ; 
Him follow’d thund’ring on the swelling flood. 

As when the husbandman conducts a stream 260 
From fountain clear his tender plants among ; 
Scoops with his spade the channel, and removes 


Each obstacle, still onward as it flows 


236 THE ILIAD. ΧΧΙ, 


Murm’ring the pebbles o’er; now swift it pours 

Down the steep bank, nor waits his guiding hand: 
So the swift stream out-stripp’d Achilles’ speed, 

Though swift; for man may not with gods: con- 

tend : 

Oft as he turn’d to stem the opposing flood, 

And learn if all the pow’rs of heav’n combin’d 

Adverse, so oft the foaming water pour’d 270 

His shoulders o’er: upward he sudden sprang 

Hopeless; the whelming mischief all his strength 

Subdued; the slimy ooze his feet deceiv'd. 

Then mournful thus to heav’n he urg’d his pray’r: 
“ O mighty Jove! and do IJ thus in vain 275 
Seek refuge from the flood? All other ills, 

Save but from this, I patient will endure. 

Yet of the pow’rs above I none may blame 

But Thetis, who her son hath thus deceiv’'d, 
Foretelling death beneath the Trojan walls 280 
By Phoebus’ shafts... O might I rather fall 

By Hector’s spear than thus inglorious die, 

Like some mean peasant in®a ford o’erwhelm’d, 
By sudden tempest swoln beyond its bounds!” 
He spake: him Neptune, him ‘Minerva heard ; 


And near approaching in the form of men, 286 


XXI. THE ILIAD. 237 


With hands upheld, and comforted with words : 


The potent god of ocean thus began: 
“Let not or fear or dread thy mind assail, 
“ Pelides, such assistance we will give, 290 
“ Pallas and I; for Jove that aid approves : 
“ "Tis not decreed that thou shouldst perish here 
A wat’ry death ; soon shall Scamander cease, 
Thyself shalt see it: but attend our words, 
And prudently obey. Cease not from war 295 
Till thou shalt have enclos’d within their walls 
“ The flying Trojans, and have Hector slain 
“ In combat: then in safety to thy ships 
‘* Thou mayst return; such honour we will give.” 
Thus having said, the friendly pow’rs return’d 300 
The gods among’: then onward mov'd the chief 
incourag’d by their voiee divine, and sought 
The distant plain, now fill’d and cov’red o'er 
With waters deep, and arms of chieftains slain, 
And bodies numerous: inspir'd with strength 305 
He stemm’'d the opposing flood, and urg’d his eourse. 
Nor ceas’d Scamander, but with added rage 
Incens’d, still higher rais’d his swelling flood ; 
And thus his speech to Simois address‘d : 
‘‘ Brother, united we may check perchance 310 


‘ This chief, ere he demolish sacred Troy ; 


238 THE ILIAD, 


“ The Trojans now no more his force resist. 

“ Then quickly lend thy aid; and from their source 
“ Thy torrents and thy. various streams collect - 

“ Raise all thy floods; the rocky fragments roll, 

“ And trees uprooted, till we quell tlie might 

“ Of this dread chief, who with success elate 


* Dares with immortals to contend in arms. 


“ Nor shall his strength, nor arms, nor form divine 


é<¢ 


Avail: but soon within my oozy bed 320 


“ He shall, for ever lost and cov’red o'er; 


© Sink in the depth of sand; nor shall the Greeks 
“ Collect his bones: there buried shall he lie; 
““ There make his grave ; there find his sepulchire : 
** Nor other funeral rites shall Greece bestow.” 325 
He spake; and on the chief his roaring flood 
With foam and blood and bodies of the slain 
High-swoln, indignant pour’d: the purple wave 
Uprais'd in air bore swift the chief along. 
Then Juno shrieking trembled, lest opprest 330 
Achilles perish in the gulfy flood, 
And thus her son address’d: “ Vulcan, niy son, 
“ Exert thy pow’r; for to thy arm oppos’d 
“ Xanthus contends in war: haste, lend thy aid 
* With utmost speed, and light the blaze of fire: 


“ T from the sea will summon every. blast 336 


ΧΧΙ. THE ILIAD; 239 


* Quick from the stormy south, that far and wide 


“« The flames may spread devouring, and consuite 
“ ‘The Trojans and their arms; then on the banks 
“ Of Xanthus rage, and burn each lofty tree; 340 
“ And let him feel thy force; nor suffer him 

“ By soft and sobthing words, or threats, to change 
“ The purpose ‘of thy mind : cease not thy force, 

“ Till urg’d by me to stay the raging flames.” 

She spake: and Vulcan kindled all his fires. 345 
First on the plain they burnt, and many dead 
Consum’d, whom fierce Achilles whilom slew : 
Dried was the plain, and check’d the rising wave. 

As when forth issuing from the parching north, 
The autuimnal blast the wat’red garden dries, 880 
Gladd’ning the husbandman; thus the whole plain 
Was parch’d; and all the slain by fire consum’d. 
Now Vulcan to the river turn’d the flames ; 

And elms'and willows burn’d, and tamarisks, 

Alder and lotas, and the cypress tall, 356 

Which numberless the pleasant stream adorn’d : 

Scorch’d were the finny tribes which wont to sport 

Within the stream, subdued by Vulcan’s force: 

The river labour’d’too, and thus exclaiin’d: 
“Vulcan, no pow’r may well thy force withstand; 


“No longer I contend: cease then thy flames, 361 


240 THE ILIAD: 


“ Aid let Achilles from the city drive 
“ The routed Trojans: 1 henceforth nor move 
** With thee contention, nor their cause assist.” 


Thus Xanthus burning spoke ; and all his streams 


Boil’d from the heat intense. As on the fire 866 


The heated cauldron melts the lard within 

Of. the well-fatted boar; whilst on all sides 

Surrounding flames sufficient heat supply, 

Fed by cleft wood well dried; thus urg’d by fire 

The bubbling stream boil’d vehement, nor held 371 

Its usual course, impeded by the rage 

Of Vulcan potent god: when thus his pray’r 

To Juno he address’d: “ Why doth thy son, 

“Juno, my stream invade, and pain me thus 375 

** Above all others? nor have I incurr’d 

“ Peculiar blame; for many aid the cause 

“ Of Troy: but speak the word, and I desist. 

“ Stay then thy son: .I with an oath confirm 

“ Never from Troy to ward the fatal day, 380 

* ‘Tho’ Greece surround her with devouring flames.” 
Well pleas’d the goddess heard, and thus her son 

Bespoke: “ Vulcan, my son, desist ἢ nor let 

‘* A god such ills endure for mortal. men.” 


She spake: when Vulcan all his fires suppress'd, 


And the fair stream his wonted course pursued, 386 


XXI. THE ILIAD. 241 


Thus Xanthus ceas’d subdued; and Vulcan staid 
His fires, by Juno, though incens’d, constrain’d. 
Now fell contention sway’d the immortal pow’rs, 
To different sides inclin’d: with dreadful noise 390 
They rush’d to arms: earth trembled at the sound ; 
The brazen clangour rent the vault of heav’n. 
Jove heard the conflict on Olympus’ height 
Sitting; and joy’d to see the battle rise. 
Nor long the interval : tempestuous Mars 395 
Thus with reproachful words Pallas address’d : 
“ Detested insect ! why dost thou again 
Audacious thus the gods incite to war? 
‘ Or dost thou now forget that thou didst urge 
Tydides to assail me with his spear ; 400 
“And openly didst guide the weapon on, 
* And a deep wound inflict? Now shalt thou pay, 
“ And dearly too, the wrongs thy rage hath done.” 
He spake; and on the dreadful gis smote, 
Which not the lightning of Saturnian Jove 405 
Might pierce: on this blood-stained Mars with spear 
Smote vehement: but Pallas stepping back 
A stone uprais’d huge, craggy, ponderous, 
Of dusky hue, which men of ancient days 
Had fix’d a landmark ; this high pois'd in air 410 
On Mars she hurl’d; ‘the rocky fragment struck 


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242 THE ILIAD. 


His neck, and instant levell’d to the ground 

His wondrous length o’er many an acre stretch’d: 

And all his hair polluted in the dust : 

His armour rang terrific. Pallas smil’d, 418 

And thus exulting: “ Know’st thou not as yet, 

“* Insensate! that my strength thy force exceeds ? 

“ Yet me thou dar’st oppose: the Furies thus 

“ Revenge thy mother’s anger for the aid 

“ Thou giv’st to perjur’d Troy, deserting Greece.” 
She spake; and turn’d the brightness of her eyes 

To other views: but Venus by the hand 

Conducted Mars apart; scarce breathing yet, 

And labouring hard; so vehement the stroke. 

Juno perceiv'd, and Pallas thus address’d : 425 
And dost thou notice with what shameless mien 

‘* She from the conflict leads destructive Mars, 

‘* Not the first time? But do thou follow her.” 
Thus spake she; nor Minerva disobey’d, 

But gladly follow’d; and with μον γα! hand 430 

Smote Venus on the breast: the goddess fell 

Fainting; so both lay stretch’d upon the ground. 

When Pallas thus with taunting words: “ May all 

‘* Meet the same fate who aid the cause of Troy, 


““ ‘Warring with Greece! Were they as bold withal 


“ As Venus, and as kind and gentle too 


XXI. THE. ILIAD. 


In aid of Mars ’gainst my superior force, 

“ We had long since desisted from the war; 

“ The Trojan city taken and destroy’d.” 
She spake: the Queen of heav’n with smiles ap- 

prov’d. 440 

Neptune meantime Apollo thus bespoke : 

“ Why stand we thus apart? It is not well, 

“ ‘When others have begun, that we return 

‘ To heav’n’s high seat the contest unessay’d : 
Begin, for thou art younger far than I; 445 
It were in me unseemly, who in years 
Exceed and wisdom. Doth no sense of wrongs, 
Wrongs which we onl y of the heav’nly pow’rs 
Endur'd, by Jove to proud Laomedon 
Made subject; do not these thy anger move; 450 
When through the year we labour’d, and for hire? 
I built the city and the walls of Troy, 
Impregnable and fair, at his eommand ; 
Whilst thou, Apollo, ’midst the fertile vales 
Of wooded Ida numerous flocks didst feed: 455 
But when the grateful hours brought on the time 
Of payment, then Laomedon dismiss’d 
With menaces and mulct’d us of our hire. 
Thee bound he threat’ned in some distant isle 
To sell; and of our ears both to deprive. A60 

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244 THE ILIAD, 


“ Back we return’d, indignant that-our pay 

“ And due rewards were wrongfully withheld. 

“ Dost thou for this defend the Trojan cause ; 

“ Nor with us strive to punish this offence, 

«And utterly destroy the perjur’d race >” 465 
Pheebus replied: < Imprudént you would deem 
Me, Neptune, if for miserable men 

‘ I should with you contend; men, who as leaves 

‘ Now gaily flourish and consume the fruits 
Of earth, now fade and die: desist we then 470 

“ From battle, and to them contention leave.” 
Thus saying he retir’'d; nor with the pow’r 

Of ocean’s god the contest dar’d withstand. 

When thus Diana, huntress of the woods, 

Her brother with severe rebuke address’‘d: 

“ And dost thou fly, Apollo, and resign 

“Τὸ Neptune unessay’d the victor’s prize? 

“ ‘Why dost thou bear in vain thy bow and shaft? 

“ Fool! let us hear no more such idle boast, 

“That thou with Neptune wouldst in arms con- 

“ tend.” 480 
Thus she: but Phoebus answer none return’d. 
Then Juno angry, with reproachful words 
The goddess huntress of the woods address’d : 


“ Impudent wretch! how dost thou dare oppose 


ΧΧΙ. THE ILIAD. 


«© My pow’r? It were a task full difficult 
For thee to cope with me, though arm’d with bow 
“ And shafts: though mighty Jove hath giv’n thee 
** pow’r 
“Αἴ pleasure to destroy the female world: 
Far easier is it in the mountain heights 
To slay the forest stag, or beast of prey, 4060 
Than with superiors to contend in arms. 
But wouldst thou try the contest, near approach, 
“* And feel that strength you vainly dare oppose.” 
She spake; and seiz’d her hands with potent grasp, 
And took the bow which from her shoulders hung 
Suspended, and with stroke unseemly smote 406 
Each side her face, still laughing as she struck. 
Oft as she turn’d herself to shun the blow, 
The winged arrows from her quiver fell : 
Then fled she weeping. As the timid dove, 500 


Which from the faleon to some hollow cove 


Escapes secure, not destin’d yet to die; 


Thus fied she weeping, and her arrows left. 

But Mercury Latona thus address’d: 
“1 with the wives of cloud-compelling Jove 605 
““ Fight not: gothen and make thy boast that thou 
“ΒΥ force of arms hast conqu’red Mercury.” 


He spake: meantime Latona, from the ground 


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246 THE ILIAD. 


The bow and arrows scatt’red in the dust 

Collecting for her daughter, went her way. 510 
But Dian at the sacred seat of Jove 

Weeping arriv’d, and fearful touch’d his knees- 

Her vest ambrosial trembled as she spake 

In supplicating mood. Saturnian Jove 

Embrac’d, and with a smile thus question’d her: 
“ Say who, my child, of all the heav’nly pow’rs 

“ Hath wrought thee ill, as having done amiss” 
To whom the huntress crescent-crown’d replied: 

“ Father, thy wife Juno hath injur'd me; 

“ From whom all strife in heav’n and discord come.” 
Thus they held converse. But to sacred Troy 521 

Apollo hast’ned, to defend her walls 

His care : lest on that day the Grecian host, 

Though Fates themselves forbad, should storm the 

town. 

The other deities, these much displeas’d ; 525 

Exulting those, went to Olympus’ height, 

And took their seats by cloud-compelling Jove. 
With undistinguish’d rage Achilles mov’d, 

And men and horses fell. As when the smoke 

Of some large city overwhelm’d in flames 530 

Ascends the skies—a ‘punishment from heav’n;— 


Sore labour all afflicts and various ills : 


XXI, THE ILIAD, 


So ills and labours every Trojan’ mind 
Oppress’d, when mov'd Achilles o’er the plain. 
But Priam from ‘the sacred tow’r descried 5838 
Achilles, and the routed host of T roy 
Flying resistless saw: from the high tow’r 
The monarch quick descending hast’ned on, 
And sorrowing, at the gates the guard address’d ; 
““ Open the gates that our afflicted host 540 
“ May come within the walls: Achilles near 
‘* Approacheth ; much I dread some dire event: 
“ When safe within our walls the routed troops 
“* Shall breathe awhile; with bolts make fast the gate, 
“ Lest that most terrible of men burst through.” 
He spake; and they the massy bars remoy’d; 546 
The open gates gave refuge to the host. 
Then issued forth Apollo to the plain 
To aid the Trojans; who with toil fordone, 
Wearied with thirst, the dusty plain along 550 
Fled tow’rd the city. Them with lifted spear, 
Panting for glory, and with vengeance fir'd, 
Achilles still pursued: and then had Troy 
Perish’d, but Phoebus to the battle rous'd 


Antenor’s valiant son, and fir’d his breast 555 


With more than wonted courage. Near the youth 


Apollo took his stand, in clouds inyoly’d 


248 THE ILIAD. 


To ward destruction off: when seen from far, 
And known Achilles terrible in arms, 
Agenor staid his course; and in his heart 
Debating much, indignant commun’d thus: 
“ What! because others fly confus’d, shall J, 


4 


Fearing Achilles, turn me to base flight, 
“ And fall inglorious by his conqu’ring arm? 
Or leaving these all-routed as they are 
‘ To perish by his sword, shall I fly hence, 
And refuge seek in Ida’s thickest woods ; 
And in the river bath’d, at eventide 
Return in safety to the Trojan walls? 
But why such abject thoughts? Shall he not quick 
Perceive, and swifter far arrest my flight? 571 
Then should I not escape disgraceful death 
“ From him whose strength exceeds the strength of 
** man. 
‘What and if here before the city walls 
“1 dare the attack; is he not mortal too; 575 
“ To wounds obnoxious, with one soul inspir’d, 
“ Though now by partial Jove with glory crown’d?” 
He spake; and all his force collecting stood, 
And dar’d his mighty foe. The panther thus 


Forth rushes from her den in covert thick, 580 


And dares the hunter, nor regards nor fears 


ΧΧΙ͂, THE ILIAD. 249 


The clamour of the hounds; nor piere’d with wounds 
Abates her force, but seeks revenge, or death. 

Thus brave Antenor’s son all flight disdain’d, 

But stood prepar'd to meet Achilles’ force : 585 
With shield advane’d before him, and with spear 
High pois’d in air, he loudly thus exclaim’d: 

“ This day and idly too, illustrious chief, 

Thou dost anticipate the fall of Troy : 

Yet ere she fall much woe must be endur'd; 590 
‘ For we are many who inhabit there 

Valiant and brave, who for our parents, wives, 

And children, will her sacred walls defend: 

Now meet thy fate, all-dreadful as thou art.” 

He spake; and hurl’d with vehemence his spear; 
Nor miss’d his aim, but smote Achilles’ knee: 595 
The well-wrought greaves resounded from the stroke: 
The weapon back recoil’d, nor pierc’d the chief 
In arms divine secure, the gift of heav’n. 

Then rose the might of Peleus’ warlike son, 600 
Who on Agenor rush’d. The god of day 
Swift interpos'd, and in a cloud involv'd 
The Trojan chief, and safe convey’d away : 

Then with deceitful art to turn aside 
Achilles far from Troy, himself the form 


Assum’d in all things of Antenor’s son, 


250 THE ILIAD. 


And feign’d retreat: Achilles onward rush’d. 
Whilst he thus eager follow’d o’er the plain, 
Declining towards Scamander’s gulfy stream, 
Pheebus mov’d on deceitful just before, 
Tempting pursuit, and luring with false hope. 
Meantime the Trojans to the city fled 
Confus'd in numbers, joyful to repose 
Within the walls, which hardly might contain 
The fugitives; scarce one remain’d without, 615 
Such terror reign’d; nor any dar'd inquire 
Who fled, who fell: but pour'd into the town, 


Joyful whose swiftness might ensure escape, 


THE ILIAD. 


BOOK XXII. 


So fled they fearful as the timid fawns 
To Troy ; and, cleansing off the sweat and dust, 
Lean’d on the battlements and took repast. 
The Greeks meantime, well cov’red with their shields, 
Press’d onward to the walls: but adverse fate 5 
Fix’d at the Sceean gate the chief of Troy. 
When to Achilles thus Apollo spake: 

“ Why dost thou, son of Peleus, swift of foot, 
“ Mortal thyself pursue immortal speed ; 
“Nor dost perceive that all thy rage is vain }0 
“Αβαϊηβῖ a god? or dost thou not regard 
“ The flying Trojans, now within their walls 
** Secure; whilst thou hast turn’d aside to slay 
“Με, nothing subject to mortality?” 

With indignation Peleus’ son replied : 15 
‘ Thou hast deceiv’d me, Phoebus, of the gods 
‘ Most hostile ever, from the Trojan walls 


Hither my course diverting; or no few 


Had bit the ground or ere at Troy arriv’d : 


252 THE ILIAD. XXII, 


** My honour thou hast stain’d; and these hast βαν ἃ 
“ ‘With ease, unapprehensive of revenge. 
“© Had I the pow’r thou shouldst not so escape.” 
He spake; and to the city took his way 
With lofty strides, As in the chariot race 
The victor steed flies to the distant goal 
Eager; thus o’er the plain Achilles rush’d. 
Him Priam first perceiv'd. Like to that star 
Autumnal, at midnight resplendent most 
The stars among, by men Orion’s Dog 
Nam’d, of disease portentous, and of ills 
To miserable man ; thus glitt’ring shone 
Achilles’ radiant arms as on he mov d. 
The venerable king with lifted hands 
Smote on his reverend head, and deeply groan’d, 
A suppliant to his son; who at the gate 35 
Unmov'd remain’d, and dar’d the doubtful war 
With Peleus’ son: him with extended hands, 
And words of bitter woe, his sire address’d : 
“* Hector, my son belov’d, wait not this man 


“- Alone, unaided ; lest you meet yourdoom, 40 


«{ 


Slain by Achilles mightier far than thou. 
“ Unhappy! did alas the heav’nly pow’rs 
“ Esteem him but as I, full soon the dogs 


“ And vultures should devour his prostrate corpse; 


XXII. THE ILIAD. 253 


“« And I should be reliev’d from mighty woes ; 


“ For many brave and valiant sons of mine 


“ By him were slain, or sold to distant isles, 


“ Nor Polydorus, nor Lycaon now 


“ These eyes behold, escap'd within our walls, 


* Whom fair Laéthée first of women bare: 50 


“ If in the Grecian camp they live; with brass, 


ἕν 


With gold we joyful will their ransom pay, 


(( 


With treasures which the venerable sage 


ee 


Altes in dow’r with fair Ladthde gave. 
“Βαϊ if already slain, and to the realms 55 


“ Of death consign’d, then must we grieve indeed, 
“‘ His mother and myself: but less by far 
“ The grief of Troy shouldst thou from death escape. 


“ Qh! enter then, my son, our walls, and save 


ce 


The Trojan people; nor to this dread foe 60 


ςς 


Thy life expose, and swell the victor’s fame. 

“ Pity thy father still to keenest sense 

‘ Of ills alive, whom, on the extremest verge 

‘ Of life, Saturnian Jove hath giv'n to feel 

‘ And perish under trials most severe :— 65 
Sons slain in battle! daughters captive made! 

‘ The nuptial bed profan’d by Grecian hands! 

And infants in the dreadful contest slain, 


“ And dash’d upon the ground! Me last.the dogs 


ler end eee 


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a σοι a me ...--..- 


254 THE ILIAD. 


Shall at our gates devour, of life depriv’d 
By sword or spear. Dogs, fed and nourished 
‘ Within my palace to defend the doors, 
‘ Shall lick their master’s blood, to madness ure’d 
‘ The spacious courts around. When young to fall 
In battle, by the sword or spear transfixt, 78 
‘ Doth well become, is honourable death : 
But when the hoary head of age lies low 
Unseemly slain, cast to his dogs a prey ; 
Most wretched this to miserable man!” 
Thus Priam spoke, and from his hoary head 80 
Pluck’d off the hairs; yet might he not prevail. 
Next his fond mother pour’d the flood of tears, 
And bared her breast, and by that breast tmplor’d; 
And weeping thus: “ Hector, my son, revere 
“ς This breast which oft hath lul]’d thy infant cries. 
“* Remember, and have pity on my tears ; 86 
“ Thy mother hear. O come within our walls 
“ And guard us there! nor brave this dreadful foe. 
“ Unhappy! should he slay thee; nor thy wife 
“* Andromache, nor I, o’er the sad bier 90 
“ Shall mourn thy youth: but far, ah! far from us, 
“ς Dogs will devour thee at the Grecian ships.” 
Thus wept they, and with pray’rs their much- 


lov’d son 


XXII. THE ILIAD. 


Implor’d; but all in vain—still frm he stood, 
And waited his approach. As in his cave 

The mountain-serpent, with the baneful juice 
Of noxious herbs full-gorg’d, and fell with ire, 
The traveller awaits, with hideous looks 
Terrific, coil’d within his lurid den ; 

So Hector’s mighty soul disdain’d retreat. 
Resting his shield against the battlements 
Thus commun’d he, indignant: “ Shall I then 
“ Retire within the walls, and meet the taunts 
“* And keen reproaches of Polydamas ; 

“ Who first advis'd to lead the Trojan host 105 


11 


Back to our city, on that fatal night 


““ When rose the might of Peleus’ warlike son, 


“ And I refus’d? Yet better had it been. 


66 


But since my folly hath destructive prov'd, 


‘© T fear this deep rebuke from one less brave: 110 


“ * Hector’s self-confidence hath lost us all ;’ 


“ Thus they will say. Then is it better far 

To fight, if haply I Achilles slay ; 

Or in the glorious conflict vreatly fall. 

‘ What if I throw aside my glitt’ring arms, 115 

‘ My shield and spear, and go to meet this chief 
Achilles, and agree to render back 


“ Helen, and all the treasures which to Troy 


THE ILIAD. XXit, 


Paris convey’d, the cause of this dread war! 
These to the sons of Atreus: tothe Greeks 120 
Besides, whate’er our city may contain 
‘ In just division; by an oath confirm’d 
That nothing of our treasure is conceal’d? 
But why these idle thoughts? He will not hear 
What I entreat ; he will not pity me, ~ 125 
But slay me unresisting, all-unarm’d. 
No time for parley now; as from the cave, 
Or oak, the nymphs and swains sweet converse 
“ hold; 
For nymphs and swains hold mutual converse oft: 
‘ War then, fierce war be ours ; that we may know 
To which great Jove gives glory and renown.” 
Thus thoughtful commun’d he: meantime ad- 
vane'd 
Achilles, like the impetuous god of war, 
High brandishing the dreadful Pelean spear, 
Whose point resplendent shone like lightning’s blaze, 
Or burning fire, or as the orient sun. 156 
Then trembled Hector, nor his near approach 
Sustain’d; but fled, and left the Sczan gate: 
Achilles swift pursued. As doth the hawk, 
Fleetest of birds, pursue the fearful dove ; 140 


Oblique she flies, he screaming forward springs, 


XXII. THE ILIAD, 


Eager to séize: thus rush’d Achilles on ; 
Thus Hector fled; and by the Trojan wall 
Mov’d swiftly on. The watch-tow’r now they pass ; 
Now by the fig-tree gain beneath the wall 145 
A road of public use; now to the head 
And sources came they of Scamander’s stream : 
Two springs burst forth; this warm, and as with fire 
Steaming ; but that in highest summer cold 
As hail, or gelid snow, or ice congeal’d., 150 
Near these were form’d two cisterns large and fair, 
Of polish’d stone, where erst their splendid robes 
The Trojan females wash’d, ere yet arriv’d 
The sons of Greece, when peace possess’d the land. 
By these one fled though brave, and one pursued 
Still braver far: no mean reward the prize, 155 
Victim for sacrifice, or fatted beeve, 
As usual in the race,—but Hector’s life. 
Swift as contending steeds they lightly ran, 
When at some funeral game the tripod rare 160 
Or captive damsel is the glorious prize. 

Thrice circled they the walls of sacred Troy 
With rapid feet; the pow’rs of heav’n look’d down 
Attentive: and thus spake Saturnian Jove: 


“Ah me! I see pursued yon walls around 165 
VOL. 11. 9 


πο τ as SOMES ρα a a ee 


258 THE ILIAD. XXII, 


“ A man much-lov'd; for whom my heart doth 
“9 grieve, 
Hector; who oft due sacrifice hath paid 
On Ida’s top, or in the citadel: 
Him doth Achilles swift of foot pursue 
The city walls around. Consider then, 170 
Ye sov’reign pow’rs, how best we may preserve 
From death, or slay him by Achilles’ hand.” 
Pallas replied: “ O Father! from whose arm 
‘ The lightning flies, whose pow'r the storm con- 
“ trols, 
‘ What hast thou said? Wouldst thou a mortal man 
‘ Destin’d to die release again from death ? 176 
“ E’en so, if such thy will: yet know that we 
‘* The pow’rs of heav’n cannot but disapprove.” 
Her answ’red thus the Sire of gods and men: 
“ Fear not, Tritonia, daughter much-belov’d: 180 


‘ Not such the purpose of our mind, to thee 


Kind and indulgent ever: be it then 


“ Even as thou wilt, and that without delay.” 
Thus Jove urg’d Pallas, of herself prepar’d ; 

Who hast’ned from Olympus’ lofty top. 
Achilles still the Trojan chief pursued 


With unremitting force. As when the dog 


XXII. THE ILIAD. 


Pursues the fawn along the mountain’s side, 
Rous’d from her lair ; through wood and vales she 
flies ; 

Now trembling seeks the covert of the brake, 190 

Conceal’d awhile: he still each step pursues 

Secure, nor aught remits till seiz’d his prey : 

Thus might not Hector from the swift pursuit 

Of Peleus’ son escape; oft as the gates 

And well-built tow’rs the Trojan chief approach’d, 

If friendly shafts perchance their aid might lend, 

Him oft Achilles with preventive speed 

Fore’d to the plain again, and turn’d aside; 

Though ever bent the city to regain. 

As when in'slumbers men with pain pursue, 200 

And fly with pain ; with difficulty this 

Pursues, and this flies with difficulty : 

So might not this o'ertake, nor that evade. 

How did the chief thus long escape from death ? 

Apollo mterpos’d with aid divine, 205 

His last kind office; and his limbs with strength 

Inspir'd, and added swiftness to his flight. 
Meantime Achilles to the Grecian host 

Made signal, ποὺ permitted them to aim 

Their hostile weapons at the Trojan chief, 

And rob him of the fame and honour due. 


5 ὦ 


260 THE ILIAD. XXII 


But when again they to the fountains came, 
Then mighty Jove his golden scales prepar’d : 
Two lots therein presage of death he plae’d, 
Of Hector and Achilles; and the beam 

With even hand suspended ; but the day, 
The fatal day of Hector sank to earth, 

To Hades; and Apollo left the chief. 

Then Pallas near approach’d, and to the son 
Of Peleus thus in winged accents spoke : 220 
“ Now may we hope, indeed, illustrious chief, 

‘ Safe to our fleet, and crown’d with endless fame. 

Victorious to return, great Hector slain. 
Nor may he now escape ; though at the feet 
Of Jove Apollo should his suit prefer 
Prostrate, and with repeated pray’r entreat. 
Stop thou, and breathe awhile: I thither go 
To stay his flight, and urge him to the war.” 
Thus Pallas: her with joy Achilles heard, 
And stay’d pursuit reclin’d against his spear. 230 
Meantime the goddess Hector near approach’d, 
In form and voice most like Deiphobus, 
And thus the chief address’d: “ Brother belov’d, 


νυ 


Prest by superior speed our walls around 


“ By Peleus’ warlike son, stay now thy flight; 235 


“ And let our force united brave the foe.” 


XXII. THE ILIAD. 


Hector replied: “ Deiphobus, most dear 

‘ Of all my brothers, and by this kind act 

‘ Still more endear’'d; who singly from the walls 
Hast ventur’d forth, while others rest secure!” 240 
Minerva answ’red: ““ Much our father, much 
Our mother did entreat me to remain, 
So dreaded they Pelides: but my mind, 
Severely griev'd for thee, hath urg’d me forth. 
Then let us on; and, trusting to our spears, 245 
Or bravely die, and yield our bloody arms 
The victor’s spoil; or slay our daring»foe.” 
She spake; and movwd deceitful on before. 


And now with hostile weapons near advanc’d 


The chiefs; when mighty Hector thus exclaim’d: 


“ No longer, son of Peleus, do I fly. 251 

“ Thrice have I cours’d the Trojan walls around, 

** Nor dar’d thy onset fierce; but now my mind 
Bids me stand firm, and slay thee, or be slain. 
Attest we then the pow’rs of heav’n, the best 
And surest witnesses ;—should Jove supreme 

‘ Grant in this difficult emprise success, 

No foul dishonour shall thy corpse pollute 

When fall’n: thy glittring arms once made my 
“ spoil, 

Achilles, to the Grecian host again 260 


I will restore thee; and do thou the same.” 


A NS τὸ το hn eta ὁ os nis cuties κύκο τν τς ecg: we 


262 THE ILIAD. 


Achilles sternly looking, thus replied : 
* ‘Talk not to me of oath or covenant, 
“ Thou whom my soul abhorreth: lions thus 
“ὙΠ men, and wolves with lambs such compact 
“5 hold, 

Who bear inveterate and eternal hate - 266 

So between us no friendship may subsist, 

No compact, till one fall, and with his blood 

Satiate the god of war. Thy utmost skill 

Exert, for thou hast need; and all] thy strength 
“ Put on; and summon all thy daring soul: 271 
“ Thou mayst not now escape; for Pallas guides, 

“ς Pallas directs my spear: now shalt thou pay, 
“ And dearly too, my friends in battle slain.” 

He spake, and hurl’d his spear: the chief of Troy 
Perceiv’d, and shunn’d the stroke: the brazen spear 
Pass’d over, and stood deep infixt in earth. 

Pallas, by Hector unobserv’d, restor’d 
To Peleus’ son his spear; but Hector thus 
His mighty foe address’d: “ Illustrious chief, 280 


«ςς 


Thy spear hath εὐ ἃ, And is it thus the gods 
“ Inform’d thee of my fate? for such thy speech : 
Or dost thou think by vain and boasting words 
To frighten me, that I forget to bear 

A soul undaunted? Not in Hector’s back 285 


Shalt thou inflict an ignominious wound : 


XXII: THE ILIAD. 263 


“ Full in my bosom aim the deadly blow, 


“ If such the will of heav’n! But first this spear 
“ Avoid. O were it ἔχ᾽ ἃ within thy heart, 
“ Then would the toils of war be light indeed 290 
‘ To Troy: thee slain, her great, her deadliest foe.” 
He spake, and hurl’d his spear: full on the shield 
It smote, yet piere’d it not; but back recoil’d. 
Hector, indignant that his spear in vain 
Fled from his hand, stood motionless awhile ; 295 
Then to the chief known by his whit’ned shield, 
Deiphobus, exclaiming, ask’d a spear : 
But no Deiphobus was near to aid. 
Then knew he well, and said: “ Ye pow’rs of heav’n, 
“ Now do ye summon Hector to his fate! 300 
“1 thought, indeed, Deiphobus was near ; 
But he within our walls remains; and I 
By Pallas am deceiv’d. Now bitter death 
Comes on with hasty stride; no refuge left! 
* Yet was I erst to Jove and Phoebus dear; 305 
Who oft benevolent have interpos’d, 
And sav’d me from that fate which now impends. 
Yet no ignoble death shall Hector meet, 
Nor basely perish; but some glorious act 
> Shall mark his end; and future times record.” 


He spake, and drew his sword which at his side 


264 THE ILIAD. XXII, 


Huge, pond’rous hung, and turn’d himself around 
Sudden. As stoops the lofty bird of Jove 

Through the dark low’ring tempest to the plain, 
And seizes or the lamb or timid hare ; 315 
So Hector to the onset rapid mov’d. 

Nathless Achilles, all his soul with rage 
Inflam’d, rush’d on, bearing his well-wrought shield 
High-pois’d; whilst from his glitt’ring helmet shone 
The waving crest of gold by Vulcan made 320 
Resplendent. As that star the stars among 
Hesperus, beaming through the midnight gloom, 
Fairest of heav’n shines forth; so glitt’ring shone 
The spear his right hand aim’d. Achilles view'd 
With searching eye where vulnerable most 325 
Hector; but him the radiant arms, erewhile 
Torn from Patroclus, cov’red o’er secure ; 
Save where the shoulder and the neck unite, 
And surest death ensues: with certain aim 
Just there Achilles fix’d the deadly wound, 330 
And all his neck transfix’d; but utterance left 
And pow’r of speech, though in the dust he lay 
Extended; when the victor thus exclaim’d: 

“ Hector, secure thou didst esteem thyself, 


é¢ 


Clad in the spoils from brave Patroclus won; 335 


* Nor didst thou think of me: yet at the ships 


XXII. THE ILIAD. 265 


I his avenger but remain’d awhile ; 
And I have slain thee, whom the dogs shall tear, 

““ And birds; him Greece united shall entomb.” 
With fainting spirits Hector thus replied: 340 

' O hear a suppliant’s pray’! By thine own life, 

' By thy lov'd parents I entreat thee, hear! 

Nor give me at the ships to dogs a prey. 
Accept the gifts my venerable sire, 
My mother will bestow; gold, sculptur'd brass : 

‘ Restore me to my friends: give me toshare 346 
Those sacred rites which grateful Troy will pay.” 
Achilles sternly thus: “ Entreat me not, 
Wretch as thou art, nor claim a suppliant’s boon, 
O that the fury of my mind were such 350 
That nought but to devour thee could appease 
My great revenge! such mischief thou hast 

“* wrought. 

Trust me, no pow’r shall save thee from the dogs: 

No; should they offer twenty times so much, 

And promise more: would Priam give thy weight 

In gold, yet on thy melancholy bier 356 

No mother shall the son she bare lament; 

But dogs and birds shall all thy limbs devour.” 

Hector now dying, faintly thus replied: 


‘* Too well indeed I knew, no prayr of mine 360 


me a“ ee be ae nae ee wich theca!) i 
bes Pe eee oa ee BEM Mea eet ae, Fo8 ca 


266 THE ILIAD. 


Could pity move in thy relentless breast : 
** Beware lest Heaven in revenge of me 
“© Repay this wrong; when Phcebus by the hand 
“ Of Paris shall thy boasted strength subdue, 
And stretch thee breathless at-the Sczan gate.” 
He spake; and darkness clos’d his eyes in death: 
His spirit to the gloomy mansions fled, 
To Pluto’s realm ; health, vigour, beauty gone !— 
Him dead thus Peleus’ mighty son address’d : 
* Die thou! When Jove and other pow’rs of heav’n 
“ Ordain, I bravely too will meet my fate.” 371 
He spake ; and from the dead drew forth his spear, 
And plac’d it on the ground; then seiz’d the arms 
Blood-stain’d. The Grecian youth collected round, 
The stature and the manly form admire 375 
Of Hector; then inflict unseemly wounds, 
And thus are heard to say: “ How gentle now 
“ Hector! how mild, to him who fird our ships !” 
Thus did they say, and gave the unmanly wound. 
And now the son of Peleus seiz’d the spoil, 380 
And thus the Greeks address’d: “ Friends, coun- 
“* sellors, 
“« And mighty chiefs of Greece, that man is slain. 
*¢ So heav’n ordain’d, who greater ills hath wrought 


* ‘Than Troy collected: let us at their walls 


XXII. THE ILIAD: 


“ All-arm’d demand, whether they still defend 


“ The city, Hector slain; or to our arms 


44 


The citadel yield up.—Yet, O my soul! 
Why commune thus? Unwept, unburied lies 
Patroclus at our ships; whom whilst I live 

And move on earth I never may forget : 390 
And though amongst the dead in Pluto’s realm 
Oblivion holds her sway, yet even there, 

My valued friend, 1 will remember thee. 


Return we to our ships, and bear our prize, 


And joyful pzans sing. We have achiev’d 395 


Great glory ; we have slain the chief of Troy 


Hector, by Trojans honour’d as a god.” 

Thus spake he; and unworthy ills prepar’d 
For Hector. First the tendons of his feet 
He pierc’d, then bound with thongs, and to the car 
Tied fast ; his head still trailing on the ground. 
Then seated in his car, where plac’d the spoils, 
He urg’d along his not unwilling steeds : 
The dust in clouds uprose: then all his hair 
And head were cov’red o’er in shameful guise, 405 
So comely once; till Jove in anger gave 
To meet dishonour in his native land: 
Thus was his head polluted in the dust. 


Then his fond mother tore her hair away, 


268 THE ILIAD. 


Threw off her veil, and rais’d the cry of woe, 
When view’d her son: his aged father wept ; 
Nor less the people through the city mourn’d 
With loud lament; as though devouring flames 
All Ilium with her lofty tow’rs involv’d. 

But chiefly Priam: him within the walls 415 
Scarce might his friends detain ; prostrate he lay 
ΠΟΙ ἃ in the dust, and each by turns address’d : 

““ O now forbear! O suffer me alone 

‘ To pass the gates, that at the Grecian ships 

I may entreat this harsh and daring man! 420 

He may perchance have pity on my years ; 

For such his father Peleus, who hath rear’d 
‘ This mighty mischief, this our deadly foe ; 

To me most fatal ! Many sons I mourn 

Slain by his ruthless hand: yet I for none 425 

Such bitter grief endure—gerief which must soon 

To Pluto’s realm this aching heart consign,— 

As I for Hector bear. O had he died 

But folded in these arms! then had we mourn’d, 

His mother and myself, our dearest son ; 430 

And given to Sorrow all her sacred rites !”" 

Weeping he spake; and all the city wept, 

Then Hecuba her woe severe express’d : 


“Ὁ why, my son, after such dreadful ills 


XXII. THE ILIAD: 


Endur’d, do I still live now thou art gone 
3 - ᾽ 


Pride of our house and guardian of our walls! 
Whom the fair daughters and the sons of Troy 
Almost a god esteem’d ; for when alive 
Thou didst protect them all: now bitter death, 
And fate hath torn thee from our longing arms !” 
Thus spake she weeping. But his blameless wife 

Had not yet heard that at the Scan gate 

Hector remain’d: she in the deep recess 

Retir’d of her high palace, plied the loom 

Framing a vesture beautiful and large, 

Twofold, adorn’d with work of various hue. 

Just then the tepid bath she bade prepare, 

When Hector from the battle should return: 

Improvident! no bath her Hector waits, 

Slain by Minerva and Achilles’ arm! A50 
Sudden she heard the piercing shriek of woe; 

Then trembled every limb; and from her. hand 

Instant the shuttle fell; and faintly thus 

She to her maidens spoke: “ Hither in haste 

“ Attend me, two of you; I go to learn 455 

“ What this may be: my mother’s voice I heard, 
The shriek of woe. My heart leaps to my throat, 
And a cold chilling damp bedews my limbs; 


“ Some dreadful ill impends, O be it far, 


270 THE ILIAD: 


“ Far from me! Yet I fear lest Peleus’ son 
** Hath Hector slain unaided and alone, 
Check’d all his force, and staid his brave career ; 
Accustom’d as he was to lead the war, 
And foremost dare the dangers of the field.” 
Thus spake she to her maidens; andasone 465 
Bereft of sense forth rush’d she from her house 
With palpitating heart. Now at the towr 
And throng arriv’d, eager she look’d around: 
Him she beheld unseemly drage’d along 
By the swift coursers to the Grecian fleet - 
A sudden darkness swam before her eyes ; 
Backward she fell, and fainting sank to earth. 
Then fell the radiant fillet from her head, 
The golden band and braid, the diadem 
And veil, rare gift of Venus, on the day 475 
When Hector led her from her father’s house 
With ample dow’r enrich’d: around her stood 
Her weeping sisters, whose assiduous care 
Her fainting spirits scarce recall’d from death : 
When mingled sighs and words thus utterance found: 
“* Ah, miserable me! in evil hour, 480 
“ Hector, we both were born: in sacred Troy 
“ In Priam’s palace thou; but J, alas! 


« in Hypoplacian Thebes, nurtur’d with care 


XXII. THE ILIAD. 271 


In the rich palace of Eetion: 


Most wretched of the wretched! would to heav'n 
bk never had been born! since thou art gone 
To Pluto’s gloomy realm in earth’s abyss : 
Whilst in thy house with bitter grief fordone 
A widow I remain; and this thy son, 490 
An infant born of parents most distrest, 
Whom now thy arm no longer may protect ; 
Nor may he sooth thy cares, since thou art dead! 
Should he escape the vengeful sword of Greece, 
Yet will unnumb’red ills thy child await. 495 
Reft of his fair possessions ; destitute 
Of guardian, parent, friend: to grief a prey, 
And unavailing tears—then will he seek 
His father’s friends, and move his humble suit; 
Hang on their garment, and implore their aid: 
Compassion may extend the partial cup, 501 
Moisten the lip alone, unsatisfied the soul. 
Some youth who never felt a parent’s loss, 
Striking shall thrust him from the board, and say, 
‘ € Begone; thy father feasteth not with us. 505 
“* Then shall he weeping seek these widow'd arms: 
“δ whom with choicest viands thou wert wont 
“ To cherish on thy knees; who on soft couch 


*“ When τ ἃ with play, or in his nurse’s arms 


nano I een. Aelita. ays lh ma 


272 THE ILIAD. XXIII. THE ILIAD. 


“ Reposing, lull’d his sated soul to rest. 


“ Depriv’d of thee, severest ills await 


Astyanax, thus nam’d by grateful Troy ; = 
For thou alone didst all ber tow’rs defend. j BOOK XXIII. 


Severe reverse! now distant at the ships 


Dogs shall devour, and worms thy limbs consume, 


Far from thy parents; whilst thy splendid robes Davs mourn’d they through the city. But the 


Greeks 
Of finest texture, wrought by female hands, aie? 


eee eth 5 When at the ships and Helles iv’ 
Remain within thy palace. But-with fire eee! ἢ d Hellespont arriv d, 


Each to his several ship in order went, 
I will consume them, useless as they are 


To thee, nor may invest thy martial limbs: 520 All but the Myrmidons ; them Peleus’ son 


. 2 Dismiss’d not, but detaining th dress'd; 5 
“© And Troy shall know how much I honour'd thee.” ; ; etaining thus address’d " 


Waphity ἐμέναν, and every Smalenegt. “ Brave Myrmidons, Rompen ene dear in arms, 
Unyoke we not as yet our foaming steeds: 
But let us in our chariots near approach, 
** And to Patroclus pay those funeral rites 
‘ Which custom bids; such honour have the dead: 
When satisfied our grief, release we then 
Our coursers, and the genial feast prepare.” 
Achilles spake, and rais’d the cry of woe. 
Thrice circled they with chariot and with horse 
The dead: Achilles led the mourners on, 15 
And Thetis mingled with the sorrowing train, 
With tears the earth was dew’d, with tears their 
arms ; 


VOL. II. 


274 THE ILIAD. 


So griev'd they o’er Patroclus’ sad remains: 

Pelides most; who with his blood-stain'’d hands 
His friend embracing, thus his grief express’d: 20 
“ Hail, my Patroclus! though within the realm 

‘ OF Pluto, hail! Thus I my vow perform, 
My sacred promise: hither drage’d along 
I to the dogs consign the chief of Troy; 
And dedicate to thee twelve Trojan youths, 
A sacrifice my vengeance to appease.” 
He spake; and meditated ills severe 
To Hector, in the dust extended prone 
Before the bier. Meantime each chief unbound 
His glitt’ring arms, unyok’d his foaming steeds, 30 
And to Achilles’ tent frequent repair'd 
There to partake the feast: the fatted beeves 
Yield to the slaught’ring knife, and sheep and 
goats 
In numbers fall: and the well-fatted swine 
Are slain, to be extended o’er the flames 35 
Roasting ; the blood flows copious round the dead. 
Now to Atrides’ tent the Grecian chiefs 
Conduct Achilles : angry for his friend, 
Unwillingly he went: they gave command 
That the shrill heralds should the bath prepare 40 


Forthwith; if haply so they might persuade 


XXIII, THE ILIAD. 


Achilles from his hands to cleanse the gore : 
He stern refus’d, and with an oath confirm’d: 
“« By mighty Jove! highest and best in heav’n, 
I will not wash away these bloody stains 45 
Till I have lain Patroclus on the pyle, 
And rais’d the tumulus; and from my head 
Sever’d the sacred lock! for never more 
Shall grief like this Achilles’ mind invade. 
Yet, though reluctant, I attend the feast. 
Do thou, Atrides, at the morrow’s dawn 
Issue thy orders to prepare the weod, 
And rear the lofty pyle; that to the shades 
Obscure he may return, as well becomes 
The dead ; and when by fire consum’d, and far 55 
Remov'd from sight, we may our work resume.” 
He spake: they heard and willingly obey’d, 
Joyful prepard, then all partook the feast, 
And each due share receiv'd. Hunger allay’d 
And thirst, they to their sev’ral tents repair'd. 60 
But on the shore of the deep-sounding main 
Achilles groaning lay’; (his faithful bands, 
The Myrmidons, around him stil] remain’d :) 
On the clear beach where broke the frequent wave, 
There in sweet sleep, the soother of his cares, 65 
He sank to rest, and eas’d his weary limbs, 


T 2 


hI tea. Aas lalate tn 


276 THE ILIAD. 


Tir'd with pursuit the Trojan walls around. 

"T'was then the shade of his departed friend, 

In size, in countenance, in shape the same, 

Cloth’d in the same habiliments appear'd ; 70 

Stood at his head, and thus address’d his speech : 
“ Why of thy friend forgetful dost thou sleep, 
Achilles? once thy care, why slighted now ? 
Give me due funeral rites, that I may pass 
To Pluto's realm: the unembodied-shades 
Drive me far thence, nor suffer me to cross 
The sacred stream; there wander 1 forlorn 

““ The dread abode around. Give me thy hand, 


I do implore; when once to flames consien’d 
I gna, 


From Pluto’s realm I no return may see: 80 


No separate counsel when alive we held : 
Now cruel Fate, so Heaven at my birth 
Ordain‘d, hath sev’red. Thee too death awaits, 
Godlike Achilles, at the walls of Troy. 

‘Then listen to my words, and patient hear: 88 
Suffer my sad remains with thine to rest : 
And as. we both were nurturd in thy house, 
What time Menecetius from Opoens brought 
My early youth to Pthia, having slain 

‘ Improvident, in childish play, the son 


Of brave Amphidamas: Peleus receiv’d 


XXIII. THE ILIAD. 


“* And nourish’d me, companion of thy youth, 

** And nam’d thy friend; then grant me this re- 
** quest : 

“ Let the same urn our sacred relics hold ; 

That urn thy venerable mother gave.” 95 
Achilles answ’red: “ Dear departed friend! 
Is it for this alone that thou art come 

* Each circumstance to tell? All thy request 

* I surely will perform. O then approach, 
Indulge our grief, and grant one last embrace.” 
He spake; and stretching forth his longing arms, 


Grasp'd at the visionary shade: in vain! 


Like smoke it vanish’d with a mournful ery. 


Amaz'‘d Achilles burst the bands of sleep, 
And smote his hands, and thus in sorrow spake: 106 
“Ὁ heav’ns! then is there in the realm of night 
“ Spirit, and soul, and unsubstantial form : 
‘ This night Patroclus to my view appear'd 
* In mournful guise: the strong resemblance struck 
** My sense with wonder, as each word he spake.” 
He said; and caus’d again their tears to flow 
The corpse around: the rosy-fine’red Morn 
Witness’d their erief. And now achosen band 
By Agamemnon from the tents were sent 


The necessary wood on mules to bring: 


278 THE ILIAD: 


And to Meriones that charge was giv’n. 

With axes arm’d, with cords each load to bind, 

Onward they mov’d, and drove the mules before: 

O’er the rough road, oblique, aslant they go, 

Through deep descents, and over abrupt steeps 120 

Slowly. At Ida’s wooded base arriv’d, 

The lofty oaks yield to the sharp’ned axe, 

And urg’d on every side with fearful crash 

Fall sudden; then when cleft in useful lengths 

They bind them on the mules, who with sure step 

Pursue their way the rugged road along: 126 

Nor less the woodmen bear their equal load, 

(For thus Meriones:in order gave,) 

And place it on the shore; where for his friend 

The. tomb, and for himself, Achilles rais’d. 130 

The wood now all arrang’d, frequent they sat 

Attentive to his words: he gave command 

To the brave-Myrmidons quickly to arm, 

And yoke their steeds. They willingly obey’d. 

Each chieftain with his charioteer advanced, 135 

And foremost mov’d; then march’d the num’rous 
foot ; 

And in the midst borne by his friends along 

Patroclus lay, his body cov’red o’er 


With consecrated hair: Achilles next 


XXII, THE ILIAD: 


The head supporting of his valued friend, 


In deep affliction follow’d, and with tears 

Gave him sad conduct to the realms of night. 

Now at the destin'd place arriv’d, they stay 

The bier, and build around the lofty pyle. 

But anxious thoughts Achilles’ mind engae’d: 145 
Apart he stood, and sev’red from his head 

The golden ringlet, to Sperchius’ stream 

A votive off ring: bending then his view 

O'er Ocean’s flood, indignant thus he spake : 

** Sperchius! other was the votive pray'r 150 

Of Peleus, who to thee, his son from Troy 

Return’d, this lock a grateful off ring νον ἃ ; 

And sacrifices meet full fifty rams ; 

A sacred hecatomb besides, where rise 
‘ Thy springs the court and fragrant altar near. 155 

' Thus νον ἃ my sire: but fruitless all and vain! 

I shall not now return; but to my friend 

Patroclus’ care consign the sacred gift.” 

He spake; and in his hand the votive pledge 
Depositing, their bitter grief renew’d. 160 
Nor ended with the day, but that the chief 
Achilles thus the king of men address’d: 

“ Atrides, whom the Grecian host obeys, 


“ Enough to grief is given: let these disperse, 


280 THE ILIAD. XXII. 


“ And take repast ; but we will here remain, 

““ And with the chiefs attend our painful task.” 
Atrides then the people to their ships 

Dismiss’d: the mourners now the wood prepar’d, 

And rais’d the lofty pyle a hundred feet 

In length and breadth, and on the summit plac’d 

The corpse: then slew they many fatted beeves, 

And sheep; and o’er the corpse Achilles spread 

The choicest off ’rings ; and around dispos’d 

The numerous victims, and large vessels fill’d 

With honey and with oil. Then in the pyle 175 

Four generous steeds they cast, still groaning loud - 

And add to these two of nine faithful dogs, 

Whilom their master’s care: twelve Trojan youths 

Next in revenge they slew; such evil mind 

Achilles bore them. Now devouring flames 180 

The pyle invading, deeply groaning thus 

Achilles spake; “ All hail, Patroclus, hail ! 

““ Though in the realms of death. Lo! I perform 

‘ My promise; and twelve noble sons of Troy 

' The flames with thee devour. But not to flames 
Do I give Hector, but to rav’nous dogs.” 186 
Thus threat’ned he. No dogs the chief devourd ; 

Him Venus guarded through the day and night, 


With roseate oil anointing, that no scar 


XXIII. THE ILIAD. 


The body might deface though drage’d along ; 


And o’er the spot where Hector’s body lay 
Thick clouds Apollo spread, and from the heat 
Shielded, and parching influence of the sun. 

As yet no flames embrac’d the lofty pyle: 
Achilles saw, and to the Winds his pray’r, 195 
To Zephyrus and Boreas, address’d. 

Due rites he promis’d, and libations pour'’d 

From the rich goblet, and their presence sought 
The flames to kindle, and:consume the dead. 

Swift Iris heard, and to’ the Winds convey'd 200 
Achilles’ vow. They in the lofty dome 

Of Zephyr held the feast. Swift Iris stood 

On the firm threshold. They with courtesy 

Invite her to partake the genial rites. 

She her refusal thus in gentle terms 205 
Excus’d: “ | may not stay; o’er Ocean’s flood 

To utmost AXthiopia’s bounds I go, 

Where sacrifices meet whole hecatombs 

The gods attend; I hasten to partake : 

But thus to Boreas and Zephyrus 
‘ Achilles vows, with sacred rites to pay, 

If at Patroclus’ pyle, where Grecia mourns, 

‘ Your breath shall kindle all the latent flames.” 


Thus spake she, and departed: but the Winds 


282 THE ILIAD. XXIIE. 


Rush’d forth with mighty noise; before them roll'd 
The clouds tumultuous: old Ocean heav’d 216 
His swelling surge as vehement they blew, 
Quick passing on to Troy. They on the pyle 
Turn’d every blast ; the bick’ring flames arose, 
And through the night blaz’d high the sacred fire. 
Achilles through the night libations pour'd, 221 
And from the golden goblet dew’d the ground 
With wine, invoking sad Patroclus’ shade. 

A father thus his much-lov’d son laments 
Newly betroth’d, whom dead in early prime 
His parents mourn; so his much-valued friend 
Achilles mourn’d, and heav’d the frequent sigh 
Circling the pyle as burn’d his sad remains. 

Now Lucifer arose, day’s harbinger, 
And the bright Morn, in saffron robe attir'd, 230 
O’er ocean shed her hght; then ceas’d the flames: 
Each wind o’er Thracian Pontus to his home 
Return'd; the swelling surges mark’d their course. 
Achilles distant from the pyle, in sleep 
Forgot awhile his cares. The Grecian chiefs 
Call'd by Atrides, hast’ned to the place 
Not without noise: Achilles waking, rose 
Quickly, and thus the assembled chiefs address’d: 


“ Atrides, and ye potent chiefs of Greece, 


XXIII. THE ILIAD, 


“* Extinguish we with wine the dying flame, 


“ And carefully collect Patroclus’ bones, 


Which occupy the centre; while around 
Promiscuous, horse and men the sides possess. 
These wrapt in fat, within the golden urn 
Let us dispose, till I shall be entomb’d ; 245 
And raise a tumulus of smaller size: 
The Greeks may this enlarge, who at our ships 
May still survive when I shall be no more.” 
Thus spake Achilles; and the chiefs obey’d. 
First they with wine the glowing embers quench’d, 
And weeping, gath’red up the whit’ned bones 25] 
Of his mild friend, and clos’d within an urn 
Of gold, and all their bitter grief renew’d: 
Then to the tent conveying, o’er the urn 
A linen veil of finest texture threw. 
Then round the pyle the deep foundation laid, 
And high uprear’d the tumulus: there ceas’d 
Their labour and their toil.—Achilles now 
The funeral games prepar’d; and on the plain 
The various prizes, from the Grecian ships 260 
In order brought, and in the centre plac’d ; 
The people seated round attentive view'd. 
The golden goblets, and the tripods rare ; 


Horses and mules, and oxen - sculptur’d brass, 


saa ἐμὰ Ὰ αν οι Ἶ εἶν, eae Peo ete ᾿ ih Ῥ ‘ 


ΓΟ ‘i Ἂς 
ν,καύκοντοις 


284 THE ILIAD. XXIII. 


Tron well wrought, and female captives, form’d 
The various prizes. First the chariot race 
Attention claim’d; and these the victor’s meed : 
A beauteous female skill’d in various works 
Of art; a tripod of capacious size ; 
These to the first: the second claims a mare 270 
Unbroken, big with foal; and for the third 
A polish’d cauldron bright, unstain’d with fire: 
A golden talent to the fourth remains; 
And to the fifth and last a double vase. 
Then rose Achilles, and the chiefs address’'d: 275 
“ Atrides, and ye chiefs of Greece, behold 
' The prizes of the race: did other cause 
The contest move, I should the victor’s meed 
Demand; for well ye know my steeds. excel, 
Since they immortal are: to Peleus erst 280 
Them Neptune gave, and Peleus gave to me, 
But we the lists decline: opprest with grief 
My coursers stand, and mourn their charioteer, 
Of manners mild; who oft their flowing manes 
' With oil anointed, or in copious streams 285 
Their limbs refresh’d: afflicted now they stand 
Sweeping the pavement with their drooping 
** manes., 


Let others, skill’d to guide the rapid car, 


XXII, THE ILIAD. 285 


“ And rein their foaming ‘steeds, this. contest 
ςς try.” 
He spake: then rose each skilful charioteer : 290 
Eumelus first, Admetus’ warlike son : 
Then Diomed arose, and to the race 
With Trojan coursers from AEneas won, 
Who scarce escap’d by Pheebus’ aid, advanc'd: 
The son of Atreus, Menelaus, rose 
The next ; his chariot by Podargus drawn, 
And the Agamemnonian courser the nam’d; 
Which to Atrides Echepolus gave, 
His warfare to excuse, and dwell at ease 
In Sycion fair, blest with possessions large, 300 
The gift of Jove; AEthe for swiftness fam’d. 
And last sage Nestor’s son Antilochus 
Prepar’d his steeds, in sandy Pylos bred ; 
When thus the prudent sire his son address’d, 


Prudent himself: “ Antilochus, of Jove 305 


“ Belov’d and Neptune, taught by them to guide 


<4 


The rapid car, not much advice you need ; 

“ For well you know to turn around the goal : 

“* But slow your horses, theirs are swift of foot; 

*“* ‘Therefore I well may apprehend disgrace. 3810 


But yet, though swift their steeds, in skill, in art 


286 THE ILIAD. 


“ They do, my-son, in nothing you excel: 
* ‘Then let address and skill be all your aim 
“ Of every sort, lest you should miss the prize. 
“ By skill the woodman, not by strength succeeds ; 
“ By skill the pilot through the boist’rous deep 316 
“ Guides the swift vessel, though the storm assail : 
«¢ Skill to the charioteer must give success. 
“‘ He who imprudent to his horses trusts, 
“ Nor keeps his course, nor checks their wand ring 
s steps ; 320 
Whilst one experienc’d in the race, albeit 
His horses are inferior, still with eye 
Observant kens the goal, and curbs the rein 
Turning, and marks the foremost in the race. 
Observe thou well as I point out the goal. 325 
There stands an aged trunk of oak, or fir, 
Three feet above the ground ; as yet by rain 
Unperishied: on eitlier side are seen 
‘Fwo whitened stones plac’d in the narrowest road: 
Round these the course is plain; some monument 
Of antient days I deem, some hero’s tomb, 331 
Or then as now the limits of a course, 


For so Achilles hath appointed it: 


Near this press on thy chariot and thy steeds; 


XXIII. THE ILIAD. 287 


And bending forward to the left incline, 


Whilst thy whip urges on the right-hand horse, 
And cheering voice and yielding rein assist. 
But curb the left, and closely turning round, 
Touch not, scarce missing; lest the broken car 
And horses maim’d, thy want of skill declare, 340 
And some rejoice: then be thy caution great. 
If haply thus thou first shalt turn the goal, 
None may o’ertake thee, none may pass thee by; 
Not though he drove Adrastus’ rapid steed 
Arion, from immortal coursers sprung ; 345 
Or those the boast of proud Laomedon, 
For swiftness fam’d, in Trojan pastures fed.’’ 
Thus spake the Pylian sage, and to his seat, 

His son in all things well inform’d, return’d : 

And fifth and last Meriones arose, 350 

And his bright coursers and his car prepar'd. 
Each chief his car ascending, cast the lot. 

Achilles drew. Antilochus the first 

Obtain’d: the next Admetus’ warlike son: 

Then Menelaus skill’d to hurl the spear : 

Near him Meriones his chariot plae’d : 

And fifth and last, and bravest of the chiefs, 


Illustrious Diomed his station took. 


When duly rang’d, Achilles mark’d the goal 


Ἧ ὯΔ 
4 SE enemars baste aaa 


te NMR, a2 AN eg) Fae We et ah: 


- ro 


Sea ee 


288 THE ILIAD. XXIII, 


Far in the plain: there Phoenix umpire stood, 
Companion of his youth, his father’s friend, 
To note the race, and ‘all the truth report. 
Now each his whip high lifting, with the lash 
His coursers smote, encouraging with voice 
Eager: they quickly stretch the plain along, 365 
And distant leave the ships; beneath their feet 
The dust in clouds uprose, and in the wind 
Floated their manes: now on the level ground 
They glide along, now bound aloft in air: 
Each charioteer stands firm, elate with hope, 370 
And panting for renown, whilst cheering voice 
Renews their speed as o’er the dusty plain 
They press with eager pace. Now at the goal 
Arriv’d, they turn, and hasten to the sea; 
Then all their virtue, all their speed appear’d. 375 
And now Eumelus by Pheretian steeds 
Borne swiftly, foremost flew: him close behind 
With Trojan horses Diomed pursued, 
Which almost seem’d to climb within his car, 
And with their breath his back and shoulders warm’d, 
So near their heads, so rapid was their speed: 381 
And now had pass’d, or doubtful left the prize ; 
But Phoebus angry, Tydeus’ son approach’d, 


And sudden pluck’d away and threw to earth 


X X41. THE ILIAD. 289 


His whip: then tears and bitter grief ensued, 


When seen Eumelus’ steeds with added speed 


Flying before, whilst his neglectful ran 

With slack’ned pace; no whip to urge them on. 

Apollo’s fraudful rage Minerva saw, 

And to her favour’d chief approaching near, 390 

His whip retutn’d, and vigour fresh inspir'd: 

And then indignant, to Admetus’ son 

The goddess near advancing, from the yoke 

The broken chariot sever’d: to the ground 

The pole fell useless, and on either hand 895 

The horses turn’d aside. Himself the while 

Roll’d headlong from his seat the wheel beside, 

With elbows, mouth, and nose, unseemly bruis’d; 

And forehead sorely wounded: and with tears 

His eyes were fill’d, and grief his voice suppress’d. 

Tydides turn’d aside, then pass’d right on 401 

Swift flying: Pallas strength and speed supplied, 

And gave to him the honour of the day. 

But Menelaus held the second place. 

When to his steeds thus spake Antilochus: 405 
** Run now, and all your utmost strength exert: 
Not that I urge you to contend with those 
The coursers of Tydides; for to them 
Pallas gives speed, and victory to him: 


VOL. II. U 


290 THE ILIAD. XXIII. 


But let not Menelaus bear the prize, 

Nor πὸ win; that would indeed disgrace 

You who excel; then note what I declare: 

No provender will Nestor’s care supply ; 

But soon his sword shall slay you on the plain, 

If through neglect we gain the lowest prize. 415 

Strain every nerve, now put forth all your 

‘ strength ; 

Mine be the task, where narrow is the road 

To guide with skill, and pass securely by.” 

He spake: they fear’d their master’s chiding voice, 
And hast’ned on: Antilochus observ’d 420 
The narrow pass; for there the winter’s rain 
Had the deep gully form’d, and torn the soil: 
There to avoid the shock of clashing wheels 
Atrides steer’d his course. Declining still, 

And edging down, Antilochus his way 

Pursued: Atrides fearing, thus exclaim’d: 

‘* Drive not so rashly, rein your coursers in, 
Narrow is the road; when wider you may pass ; 
If we but touch, destruction both awaits.” 

Thus spake he: but Antilochus the more 430 
Press’d on; and feign’d as though he heard him not; 
Far as the disk by youthful vigour thrown 


Trial of strength, so far he pass’d before : 


XXIM. THE ILIAD. 291 


Atrides check’d his rein, and stay'd his speed, 


Lest horse and chariot in the narrow road 435 
Clashing, should overturn, and in-the dust 
They both should fall, whilst eager for the palm, 
But with reproachful words Atrides spake: 
‘“ Now do I hate thee much, Antilechus; 
‘ This savours not of wisdom, once thy boast 440 
‘* Amongst the Greeks: but not without an oath 
* Shalt thou still bear away my juster prize.” 
Then to his horses with exhorting voice 
He loudly call’d: “ O let not grief retard 
“ Your speed: their feet, their wearied limbs shall 
* fail 445 
“ Ere yours: long since their youth is passed by.” 
He spake; when they press’d on with added speed, 
And nearer still approach’d. The Greeks meantime 
Seated, beheld the race as o’er the plain 
They wing’d their rapid way. The Cretan chief 450 
Idomeneus, whose geat advantage gave; 
Who heard Tydides'as with cheering voice 
He urg’d his steeds,-and knew the'victor horse, 
His colour, and the blaze which mark’d his front, 
Round as the orb of night: he from his seat 455 
Rising, the assembled Grecians thus address‘d: 
“ Ye chiefs and princes of the Grecian host, 


) 
U 4 


292 THE ILIAD. 


“* Do I alone, or do ye all perceive ὃ 

“ Far other steeds now first to me appear ; 

“ A diff’rent charioteer. It may perchance. 460 

“ That they have fail’d which lately took the lead. 

“ "Tis true, 1 saw them.turn the distant goal ; 

“ Yet now I see them not, although the plain 

“ Around I careful look with searching view : 

“ Or he hath dropt his reins, or lost his seat 465 

“ As round the goal he turn’d with hapless speed : 

“« There fallen I conceive he lies, beneath 

“ His broken car. But look yourselves ; my eyes 
Distinguish not, perhaps: yet, as I think, 
The chief now first commands the Atolian bands; 
Great Tydeus’ son, illustrious Diomed.”’ 471 
Him Ajax Ojileus in severest terms 

Rebuk’d: “ Idomeneus, this idle talk 

“ Doth ill become; they follow far behind 

“ Whom you think first. Your eyes are surely dim ; 

“« And you too much indulge in, idle words 

“ Before those chiefs who claim superior note: 

““ Eumelus” steeds still hold the foremost place.” 
Idomeneus, indignant, thus replied : 

‘ Prone ever to-contention and reproach, 480 


Ajax, in many things inferior far ; 


Revengeful always, and of angry mind: 


XXUI. THE ILIAD. 


“ A goblet rich, or tripod be the stake ; 
“ And let Atrides say whose horses now 
* Are foremost ; payment may perhaps convince.” 
Thus spake he; when with anger all-inflam'd 
Oileus arose, and fierce contention moy'd: 
And now to serious length their words had gone; 
But thus Achilles quickly interpos’d : 
Ajax! Idomeneus! with bitter words 490 
No longer move contention ; "tis not well : 
And you would be the first to censure those 
Who should be guilty of the like offence. 
Be seated then, and patient view the race; 
Hither all-eager for the prize they fly: 495 
Then shall ye know whose horses are the first.” 
Thus spake the chief; when Diomed approach’d, 
Urging his coursers on with frequent lash ; 
Whose airy feet scarce seem’d to touch the ground, 
So quick they mov'd along: and with the dust 500 
Uprais’d the charioteer was cov’red o'er: 
The bright and splendid car so lightly mov’d, 
That scarce a track the rapid wheels impress’d 
On the light sand, as o’er the plain they flew. 
Now in the midst arriv’d, the victor chief 505 
His coursers stay’d: the sweat in copious streams 


From their strain’d limbs the dusty soil bedew’d. 


294 THE ILYAD. 


Forth leap’d Tydides from his glitt’ring car, 


And laid his whip aside: with prudent care 
Attentive, Sthenelus the prize receiv’d, 510 
The female captive, and the tripod rare ; 
Which to the ships his faithful friends convey’d : 
But Sthenelus unyok’d the foaming steeds. 
Him next Antilochus his coursers drove, 
Who pass’d Atrides by address and art, 
Not swiftness in the race. Near and more near 
Atrides still advane’d, till scarce the space 
The wheel and horse between, when utmost stretch 
Conveys the chieftain in his rapid car, 
The course decides: while as the flowing tail 520 
Waves on the smoking wheel, and streams behind, 
As o'er the dusty plain they foam along: 
Such the small space contending chiefs between, 
Though first as distant as the disk might fly : 
And now had overtaken, for her strength 
Swift Acthe and her former speed renew’'d : 
And had the race but further time allow’d, 
Had pass’d him by, nor doubtful left the prize. 
Next follow'd them Meriones, the friend 
Of brave Idomeneus: yet distant far 
As the spear’s cast, for slowest were his steeds, 


Himself unskilful in the chariot race. 


XXIII. THE ILIAD. 


Eumelus last of all, and far behind 
With broken car, scarce drove his coursers on. 

Achilles with compassion view’d the chief, 535 
And thus address’d the Greeks: ““ He comes the last, 
* Whose skill, whose coursers claim the foremost 

“ place : 
“ Let him from us the second prize obtain, 
“ Since Diomed hath now the first receiy’d.” 

Thus spake Achilles, and the Greeks approvd: 
And now Admetus’ son had gain’d the prize, 541 
A mare unbroken, for the Greeks approv'd; 

But thus his claim Antilochus preferr'd : 

“ Achilles, this decision I oppose, 

And must resent, if you revoke my claim. 545 

You think indeed Eumelus doth excel 

In skill, in speed ; though broken is his car, 

And [ὉΠ ἃ his steeds by some superior pow’: 

But had he to that pow’r address'd his vow, 

He had not been the last. If then he move 550 

Your pity, and if such your pleasure be, 

Gold at your tent you have, and sculptur’d brass, 

And sheep, and captive maids, and gen’rous steeds: 

A better prize you may hereafter give, 


Or even now, and all will praise the deed: 555 


296 THE ILIAD. j XXIII. THE ILIAD. 


‘ But this I will not give; but will retain : Hath Menelaus from Antilochus 
“ Against the bravest who shall dare contend.” | His prize obtain’d, though slower far his steeds ; 
Thus spake he: when Achilles with a smile : ‘ Yet hath liis power, and influence prevail’d. 
Approving, thus address’d Antilochus : Yea, I myself will judge; nor do I think 
His valued friend: “ If with some other sift, 560 | The Greeks will blame the sentence I shall give, 
“ Antilochus, you bid me now reward : For it is just. Come then, Antilochus, 585 
‘ Eumelus, I with pleasure will comply : | Stand by thy horses, and thy chariot touch, 
His be the brazen corselet edg’d with tin, Holding thy whip; and, as becomes a man, 


‘ The spoil from brave Asteropzus won ; } ‘ By Neptune swear, whose flood the earth sur- 


‘ No mean reward.” He spake, and to his friend 1 * rounds, 


Automedon gave orders from the tent 566 That you ἀ: ἃ not by fraud my course impede.” 


The gift to bring: he willingly obey’d, Antilochus with prudence thus replied : 590 


And to Eumelus’ hand the corselet gave ; Forgive my youth, O venerable chief, 


Who glad receiv’d this token of regard. And pardon my offence; thou who in years 


But Menelaus with indignant rage Dost much excel ; for youth is prone to err; 


Arose; for Nestor’s son his anger mov‘d : Quick in perception, but in judgement weak. 


The herald in his hand the sceptre ρας ἃ, My prize the mare I willingly resign, 595 


And silence loud proclaim’d ; when thus the chief: And more will add if such thy pleasure be, 


“ Antilochus, once prudent deem’d, why.found J Rather than thus to fall in your esteem, 
ςς 


Deceitful now? My skill you have debas’d, 575 Most noble chief, and against heav’n offend.” 


Disgrac’d my horses, now surpass’d by yours, . He spake; and to his hands the mare restor'd. 


Though of inferior speed. Judge then, ye chiefs Such joy Atrides felt as when the dew 600 


And princes of our host; nor favour show ; Of morn the rip’ning corn with moisture fills, 


Lest some hereafter say, By falsehood’s force : Bristling the furrow’d land; so joy’d the chief 


Atrides, and Antilochus address’d : 


98 THE ILIAD. XXII, 


“ I too, Antilochus, though much incens’d, 
Will in my turn submit, since heretofore 605 
* Nor light nor idle hath thy conduct been: 
But youthful heat thy better sense betray’d. 
Yet might I but advise, you will avoid 
Deceit with those who claim superior sway. 
None other had my wrath so soon disarm’d. 610 
But you have much endurd, and suff’red much. 
Your father and your brother, in my cause: 
J yield the prize though mine; that all may know 
I bear a mind that can such wrongs forgive.” 
He spake; and to Noémon’s care, the friend 615 
Of brave Antilochus, the mare resign’d ; 
Content himself the cauldron to receive. 
Meriones the golden talent gain’d, 


The fifth unclaim’d remain’d, a splendid vase 


Twofold. Achilles through surrounding chiefs 620 


To Nestor bore it, and benignant thus: 
“ Accept this gift, O venerable sire, 
Memorial of Patroclus’ fun’ral rites, 
Whom never more, alas! thou mayst behold: 
‘ Accept from me this token. ’Tis not thine 
With czstus to engage, or hurl the spear, 
Or in the race contend, opprest with age.” 


He spake; and plac’d the vase within his hands; 


ΧΧΠΙ. THE ILIAD. 299 


Which Nestor glad receiv’d, and thus his thanks 
Exxpress’d: “ True are thy words and just, my son ; 
“ No longer are my limbs with strength endued, 
Nor can my hands or feet with swiftness move. 
O that my youth were such, and such my strenyth, 
As when the Epeians with funereal rites, 
In fam’d Buprasium, Amareunx entomb’d 635 
Their king; and regal games his sons ordain’d! 
Epeian, Pylian, or Atolian chiefs 
“ Might not in skill, in strength, with me contend. 
In wrestling I Anceus overthrew ; 
In fighting, Clytomedes Enops’ son ; 640 
And pass’d the swift Iphiclus in the race. 
Throwing the spear I Polydore surpass’d, 
And Phyleus: in the chariot race alone 
The sons of Actor gain’d the larger prize, 
Envious that I all others bore away : 645 
‘ ‘Twin born they were; this held the shining reins: 
᾿ς This held the reins, and that the whip applied. 
Such was I once: now younger men succeed 
‘ To feats like these, whilst I submit to age. 
Continue then in honour of thy friend 650 
‘ To celebrate the games: this I receive 


With grateful mind, well pleas’d that thou art kind 


And courteous to me; and that honour pay 


300 THE ILIAD. XXIII. 


“Το reverend age, which I amongst the Greeks 
“ May justly claim: and may the heav’nly pow’rs 
** Amply repay this kindness shown to me!” 
Thus Nestor; and Achilles to his seat 
Through circling chiefs return’d, when heard the 
praise 
Which Nestor grateful for attention paid. 
And now the prize of pugilistic fame 
Achilles to the Greeks propos’d. A mule 
Patient of labour, difficult to tame: 
A goblet to the vanquish’d. From his seat 
Achilles rose, and to the Grecians thus: 
“ Let two this prize dispute, men skill'd to wage 
“ Fierce combat with their fists and lifted arms: 
“ Let him who claims by Pheebus’ aid the prize, 
“ Back to his tent this hardy mule conduct ; 
“ The goblet to the vanquish’d I award.” 
He spake. Then rose of stature vast and size, 670 
And limbs enormous, Panopzus’ son 
Epeius, fam’d for pugilistic skill : 
Instant the mule he seiz’d, and thus exclaim’d- 
“ His be the goblet who shall dare advance ; 
“ But for the mule, no one that prize shall claim 
“ Till be hath vanquish’d me, who in this art 676 


“ Boast me the first: suffice it that in war 


XXIII. THE ILIAD. 


“ No excellence I claim; 1 grant it so,— 
“ No man in all things is pre-eminent : 

“ But this I say,—Whoever dare contend, 680 
“ His body I will bruise, and break his bones ; 


“ Then let his numerous friends attendant wait, 


“Το bear him beaten hence, subdued by me.” 

He spake: still silence reign’d: at length arose 
One chief, Euryalus, Mecisteus’ son, 685 
Who erst at Thebes, when (Edipus deceas’d, 
Vanquish’d the brave Cadmeans. To the fight 
Him Diomed impell’d, and wish’d success ; 

Gave him the cincture, and the thongs that bound 
The cestus on his hands. Each now prepar'd, 690 
Stood firm, and rais’d aloft his sinewy arms; 

Then join'’d the combat. With the frequent stroke 
Their crackling jaws resounded; from their limbs 
Sweat flow’d profuse. Epeius now advane'd 
Sudden, and on the face with blow severe 695 
Smote him as round he gaz'd: then fell to earth 
Euryalus. As when the northern blast 

Casts on the weedy shore some larger fish, 


Soon cov’red by the deep returning wave ; 


Euryalus thus bounded from the stroke. 700 


The victor’s hand uprais’d him from the ground : 
His friends attendant led him from the field, 


302 THE ILIAD. ΧΧΙ. 


Dragging his limbs, and vomiting thick blood, 
Hanging his head, as quite of sense bereft: 
And with them took the goblet, his reward. 705 

And now Achilles other gifts prepar’d, 

The wrestlers’ prize: to him who should excel, 

A larger tripod suited to the fire, 

Twelve beeves the value: to the vanquish’d chief 
A female skill’d in various works of art ; 710 
Nor less in value than four fatted beeves ; 

And rising thus he spake: “ Let two stand forth 

“ Who will for these contend.” First Ajax rose, 
And then Ulysses fertile in resource. 

Now girded, to the contest in the midst 715 
Each chief advanc’d; and each with hand robust 
Grasp'd his opponent’s arm. As when the beams 
Of some fam’d palace built by skilful hands 
Creak, when incumbent winds with fury rage ; 

So creak’d their limbs, by pow’rful arms constrain’d; 
And sweat bedew’d their limbs, and frequent weals 
Their sides and shoulders mark’d, while as each chief 
For conquest eager, sought the tripod rare. 

Nor might Ulysses from the ground uplift, 

And Ajax throw; nor Ajax him displace, 725 
So firm his strength. The tir'd spectators view’d 


The tedious contest with no small regret ; 


XXIII, THE ILIAD. 


When Ajax thus: “ Or me, Ulysses, lift, 

“ Or I lift yous let Jove determine which.” 

He spake, and lifted him: but of his skill 

Ulysses mindful, at the knee behind 

Smote, and relax’d the joint; then Ajax fell, 

And with him fell Ulysses on his chest : 

With wonder all beheld. Ulysses now 

Ajax just from the ground uprais’d, nor long 735 
The weight sustain’d, but with inserted knee 
Entangling threw him: both fel] prone to earth, 
And side by side were cov’red o'er with dust. 
Quick rising, they a third essay of strength 
Prepar’d ; when thus Achilles: « Noble chiefs, 740 
“ Contend no further, lest some il] betide ; 


As both have conqu'red, both divide the prize : 


But now let other chiefs their prowess try.” 


He spake, and they obey’d; and from their limbs 

Wip’d off the dust, and put their vestments on. 745 
Now other gifts Achilles for the race 

Prepar’d: a silver cup emboss’d, of size 

Capacious, and in elegance of form 

Surpassing ; by Sidonian artists made: 

Phcenicians o’er the sea to Lemnos’ isle, 

Lo Thoas, had convey'd the valued gift : 


This cup Euneus to Patroclys gave, 


304 THE ILIAD. 


The ransom of Lycaon, Priam’s son ; 


Which at the games, in honour of his friend, 


Achilles gave, the swiftest runner’s prize. 


A fatted ox the second: to the third, 
Just half a golden talent he assign’d : 
And thus Achilles: “ Who contends for these 2” 
Then rose Oileus Ajax swift of foot ; 
Ulysses rose, and Nestor’s warlike son 
Antilochus, excelling in the race. 
When duly rang’d, Achilles mark’d the goal : 
Then started they ; but Ajax shot before ; 
Ulysses follow’d near: such space between, 
As from the bosom of the cinctur’d dame 
The distaff occupies, when with neat hand 
Twisting the flax she draws the finer thread : 
So near Ulysses ran; and ere the dust 
Was rais’d around his feet, his footsteps press’d, 
Still breathing on his back, so close behind 77 
He flew: the Greeks encourag'd with applause 
His ardour for the prize. When now the end 
Of the swift course appear'd, Ulysses rais’d 
The secret pray’r, and sought Minerva’s aid : 

“Ὁ goddess, hear, and to my feet impart 775 
‘© Swiftness.” Thus pray'd he; and Minerva heard ; 


And lightness gave, and swiftness to his limbs. 


XXII. THE. ILIAD. 305 


When now almost arriv’d, and séiz’d the prize, 
Ajax slipp’d down, for Pallas gave the fall : 
Where lay the offal of some new-slain beasts 780 
In sacrifice to fall’n Patroclus’ shade, 
There fell he, cov'red' o'er with filth:and gore : 
Ulysses first arriv’d; and gain’d the prize, 
A goblet: Ajax second, took the ox, 
And holding by the horn, and wiping off 785 
The filth, thus spake: “ Ah, me unfortunate! 
““ By Pallas foil’d: to her Ulysses owes 
© Success, who guards him as a mother’s son.” 
Thus spake he, and surrounding heroes smil'd. 
Antilochus the meaner prize receiv’d, 
Well pleas’d tho’ last; and thus was heard to say : 
“1 speak, my friends, what all here present know, 
‘ The gods still favour those of riper years : 
Ajax is something more advane’d than I: 
But this man to another ave belongs, 
And other times; yet so robust in age, 
None but Achilles might with him contend.” 
Thus spake he; ending with Achilles’ praise : 
Who thus replied: “ Not fruitless are thy words, 
* Antilochus; a talent be thy prize.” 800 
Thus spake he: Nestor’s son with joy receiv’d. 
Next in the midst a spear Achilles plac’d, 


VOL, II, X 


806 THE ILIAD. XXIII. 


With shield and helmet, brave Sarpedon’s arms, 
Slain by Patroclus; and thus spake the chief: 
“ Let two the bravest of our warrior host 805 
Make trial of their skill, and with their spears, 
‘ In glitt’ring armour clad, this prize dispute. 
Who first his brave antagonist shall wound, 
And cause the blood to flow, his be this sword 
Of Thracian workmanship, a spoil I took © 810 
‘ From bold Asteropzus: for the rest, 
Let them these arms divide; and at my tent 
Partake that banquet which their valour claims.” 
He spake: first Telamonian Ajax rose, 
And then the strength of mighty Diomed. 815 
Now they retiring, arm’d them to the fight ; 
And in the midst advancing, with stern looks 
Provok’d the war: with wonder all beheld. 
Thrice each rush’d onward, thrice the onset dar’d: 
Now Ajax smote, and pierc’d Tydides’ shield, 820 
Yet wounded not; the corselet staid its force. 
Then Diomed above the sev’nfold orb 
Of Ajax smote; and in his neck infix’d 
The dangerous wound, still pressing with his spear ; 
The Greeks alarm’d, suspend the doubtful fight, 825 
Lest Ajax fall: to Tydeus’ warlike son 


The sword and well-wrought belt his meed remain’d: 


XXIII. THE ILIAD. 307 


Achilles gave the prize. Next from the forge, 
Unform’d and rude, an iron mass he brought ; 
The same Eition wont to hurl jn air: 830 
Eition slain, Achilles in his ships 
With other spoils the cumbrous mass convey'd: 
And thus the chiefs address’d: “ Who will for this 
“ Contend? Though distant far his lands, five years 
“ It may suffice: nor shall his shepherd want, 835 
“ Or ploughman, iron for his implements.” 

Thus spake the chief. First Polypcetes rose ; 
Leonteus next; then Ajax Telamon; 
And last divine Epeius: rang’d they stood. 
Epeius seiz'd the mass, and hurl'd aloft ; 840 
Then laugh’d the gazing throng: Leonteus next: 
Then Telamonian Ajax the crude load 
Hurl'd from his stronger arm, and pass’d them both: 
But when brave Polypcetes took the disk, 
Far as the drover at his straggling beasts 845 
Throws his rude staff, so far he pass’d them all: 


His friends with shouts applaud ; and to the ships 


Rejoicing, bear the cumbrous mass along. 


Next iron for the barbed arrow’s point, 
Of archery the meed; with double edge 
Ten axes; ten with single he propos’d. 
Then rais’d he on the distant sands a mast 


X 2 


τς τον aoa ar 


308 THE ILIAD. 


Of some tall vessel; and thereon a dove, 

With slender string fast by the foot he tied, 

At which to aim the shaft. “He who the dove 855 
“* Shall kill, the double axes to his tent 

“ Victorious bears; but who the string shall touch, 
“* Missing the bird, the single axes gains.” 

He spake: when Teucer, youthful prince, arose ; 
Then rose Meriones, the faithful friend 860 
Of brave Idomeneus. And now the lots 
Each chief within the brazen helmet cast : 

Teucer the first obtain’d. Instant he shot 

With force superior: but to Phoebus vow’'d 

No firstling of his flock: the god averse 865 
Success denied: his.arrow miss’d the bird, 

But cut the string which tied her by the foot ; 
Then flew she far away, and to the ground 

Down fell the string: then shouted all the Greeks. 
Now seiz’d Meriones, from Teucer’s hand, 870 
The bow: an arrow ready in his own 

He held; and to Apollo νον ἃ the gift, 

A hecatomb the firstlings of his flock ; 

And viewing her while as she lightly skimm’d 


Beneath a cloud, and circling wheel’d around, 875 


Under the wing he aim’d, and piere’d her through : 


The shaft returning, near him in the eround 


XXIII. THE ILIAD. 


Stood fixt; and to the mast the wounded bird 
Her flight directed; but scarce settled there, 
Her head declin’d,—now hang her drooping wings, 
She falls, and dies! the host with wonder gaze. 881 
Meriones the better prize obtain’d ; 
The inferior Teucer to his ships convey’d. 
Achilles now a spear of wondrous length ; 
And a new cauldron, rich with flowers inwrought ; 
The worth a fatted beeve: these in the midst 886 
He plac’d; the prize of him who should excel 
To hurl the spear. Atrides first uprose, 
Mycene’s king; then brave Meriones: 
Whom thus Achilles swift of foot address’d: 
*“* Atrides, well we know thou dost excel 
“ἐς In strength, in skill, to hurl the rapid spear ; 
“ Receive this prize, and to your ships convey : 
“« ‘The spear we to Meriones adjudge, 
“« If such thy pleasure be, for such is mine.” 895 
He spake: nor did Atrides disapprove ; 
But to Meriones he gave the spear ; 
And to Talthybius’ care the cauldron, new 


And beautiful, his valued prize, consign’d. 


THE ILIAD. 


BOOK XXIV. 


Tue games now ended, to their ships the Greeks 
Repair’d, and of the genial feast partook ; 
And then retir’d to rest. But Peleus’ son 
Still wept Patroclus : all-subduing sleep 
His eye-lids clos’d not: restless oft he turn’d, 
Still musing on his dear departed friend. 
What griefs they suff’red, and what toils endur’d ; 
What wars they wag’d; what dang’rous seas they 
pass’d : 

Rememb’ring these, he shed the frequent tear. 
Now on his side, and now supine he lay, 10 
Tossing ; then starting up he sought the shore. 
Not unobserv’d the Morn her influence shed 
O’er earth and sea; when to the rapid car 
He yok'd his steeds, intent to drag the corpse 
Of Hector: thrice around Patroclus’ tomb 
He drove, and then again retir'd to rest. 

But Hector in the dust extended lay. 


Apollo saw, and with compassion mov'd, 


312 THE ILIAD. 


Him dead from all disfigurement preserv'd : 
And with his golden gis cov’red o’er, 
Lest wounds unseemly should the body taint. 
Nathless Achilles further ills design’d, 
Such his revenge: but pitying gods beheld, 
And counsell’d Mercury to steal him thence, 
For such the will of other heav’nly pow’rs ; 
But Juno, Neptune, Pallas disapprov’d, 
Mov’d with revenge implacable to Troy, 
To Priam and his people; Paris sole 
The cause, when at his shepherd hut conven’d 
He slighted them, and gave the prize to her 
Who to his baser passions minist’red. 
When now the twelfth resplendent morn arose. 
Apollo thus the assembled gods address’d : 
“Ye heav’nly pow’rs, both cruel and unjust 


Your conduct seems: due victims Hector paid, 


Oxen and goats; yet none of you will save 36 


His corpse: or to his mother, wife, or son, 


ee . 
Io Priam and his people him restore, 


Phat they may rear the pyle, and pay those rites 


Of sepulture he wants. Doth Peleus’ son 40 


All care engross? he who of mind severe, 
Inflexible, no pity knows. ’Tis thus 


I'he lion, in his fierceness and his strength 


XXIV. THE ILIAD. 313 


Confidmg, wastes the fold, and feasts in blood. 
Thus hath Achilles pity lost, and shame, 45 
Of ills most fruitful, or of greatest good 

To humankind. A dearer some may lose, 

A brother, or a son: due rites perform’d 

Their grief abates, since fate hath giv’n to man 
A patient mind: this man hath Hector slain, 50 
And now doth drag him at his chariot wheels 
Around Patroclus’ tomb. Nor right is this, 

Nor well: let him beware how he incur 

Our anger, vengeful thus on senseless clay,” 
Juno displeas'd, replied: “ Such is thy mind, 55 
God of the silver bow; thou who to both 

Dost the same honour give: yet mortal this, 
And of a mortal born. But Peleus’ son 

Springs from a goddess, my peculiar care, 

By me to Peleus giv’n, whom all the gods 60 
Esteem’d ; all grac’d his nuptials; even thou 
With harp in hand, all-faithless as thou art.” 
To her Saturnian Jove thus mild replied : 

Juno, thy anger cease; nor blame the gods ; 
Their honour is not, cannot be the same: 

But yet, of all within the walls of Troy, 

Hector was most belov’d; at least by me: 


Punctual and just in sacrifices due, 


314 THE ILIAD. XXIV, 


* My altars smok’d with off rings duly paid, 
“And choicest gifts: such honours we receive, 70 
“ Yet steal we not brave Hector’s body thence ; 
“ Nor may it be; for Thetis night and day 
“ Attends her son: but let some messenger 
“ Speed hither Thetis, that ] may impart 
“ Such counsel as may move Achilles’ mind 75 
“* To take the gifts, and Hector to release.” 

He spake: when Iris borne on rapid winds 
Arose, and in midway, Samos between 
And rocky Imbpius, plung’d into the deep, 
Which far resounded: to the bottom quick 80 
She sank as lead, which circled round with horn 
Sinks, to voracious fish with mischief fraught. 
There Thetis in a hollow grot she found 
Surrounded by her nymphs: she in the midst 
Still wept the fate of her illustrious son, 
Destin’d to fall beneath the Trojan walls, 
Far from his native land. Iris approach’d 
Swift-footed, and the goddess thus address’d: 
“ Thetis, arise ; great Jove thy presence waits.” 
The goddess answ’red: ¢ Why doth mighty Jove 
“ Require my presence? Worn with bitter griefs 


“ I fear to mingle with the heav’nly powers, 


“ Yet I will go; no word of his is vain.” 


XXIV. THE ILIAD. 315 


Thus having said, the goddess took her veil 
Of sable hue, (none darker might be found,) 95 
And hast’ned on: swift Iris led the way ; 


The waves divided as they onward pass'd. 


Now on the shore they stood, and darting thence, 


At heav’n they soon arriv’d. Saturnian Jove 
Surrounded by the ΡΟΝ ΓΒ of heav’n they found: 100 
Pallas retir'd, and Thetis sat by Jove: 
When Juno in her hands the goblet plac’d, 
With courteous words; which tasting, she return’d. 
But thus the Sire of gods and men began : 
‘* Thetis, to high Olympus thou art come, 105 
* Though bitter griefs oppress: this well I know: 
** Learn then the reason I have sent for you. 
“ Nine days contention hath the gods disturb’d, 
“ Hector and Peleus’ warlike son the cause: 
““ Some wishing Mercury to steal the corpse : 
ἐς But I this honour to Achilles give, 
“ ‘That he himself restore it; well assur'd 
“ Hereafter of esteem and love from thee. 
“ Quick to the Grecian army, to thy son 
““ Descend, and say: The gods, and chiefly I 
‘“‘ Am much incens’d that Hector at the shi ps 


He still detains through anger and revenge : 


316 THE ILIAD. XXIV; 


“ He must release him, or beware my wrath, 

* But I to Priam will swift Iris send, 

ἐς 

‘ Such presents as may all Achilles’ rage 

** Appease.” He spake; nor Thetis disobey’d ; 

But hast’ned from Olympus to the tent 

Of her lov’d son. Him deeply griev’d she found. 

His friends with busy care around him press'd; 125 

The feast prepar'd, and in the tent a sheep 

Of larger size had slain for sacrifice. 

His mother near approach’d and touch’d his hand, 

Call’d him by name, and thus her mind express’d : 
“* My son, Achilles, why doth bitter grief 130 
Thus long thy soul devour; of food, of rest 
Forgetful, soother of our every pain? 
Not length of days, my son, is thine; stern fate 
Approacheth thee, and death is near at hand: 
Then listen to my words: From Jove I come 135 


To tell thee that the gods are much incens’d, 


And chiefly Jove himself, that at the ships 


Hector thou dost detain; yielding to wrath 
And to revenge implacable the reins: 
Release him then, and take the splendid gifts.” 


Achilles answ’red: “ Who will pay the price, 141 


That he redeem his son, and with him take 120 


XXIV. THE: ILIAD. 317 


“And take him, let him come, since Jove com- 
** mands.” 
Thus at the ships the mother and the son 
Held converse, and in mutual speech induly’d. 
But Jove to sacred Troy sent Iris down. 145 
“ Hasten, swift Iris, from Olympus’ height 
To Troy, and bear to Priam my command, 
That he redeem his son, and'to the ships 
Such presents take as shall the mind appease 
Of Peleus’ son: but let him go alone, 150 
No other chief: a herald must attend 
Of graver years, who may the car and mules 
Guide on their way, and thence the body bring 
Of Hector, by Achilles slain, to Troy. 
Let him no fears, no terror entertain, 155 
Such conduct we will give: Hermes himself 
Shall to Achilles’ tent the monarch guide. 
Nor will Achilles do him violence, 
Nor suffer others : being, as he is, 
Neither unwise, nor rash, nor prone to err; 160 
Humane to spare the suppliant, and forgive.” 
He spake: and Iris borne on rapid winds 
To Priam went. There loud lament she found, 
And deep affliction. Sons around their sire, 


Within the spacious hall, with tears bedew'd 


0 ὁ τως... 0 
πον 


oats pia 


ΤΥ Ἐκ trees ca δον οι I Mi ode = 


318 THE ILIAD. XXIV. 


Their vestments ; in the midst, of reverend age, 

His face conceal’d, and mantled in his robe, 

Sat Priam: copious ashes on his head 

And neck he pour’d, with trembling hand profuse. 

His daughters through the palace, weeping sore, 170 

Wand'red; and matrons with remembrance wept 

Of those who numerous and brave had fall’n 

Beneath the foree and conqu’ring arms of Greece. 
Iris approach’d, and thus in soothing terms 

Priam address’d: he trembled as she Spake: 275 
“ Dardanian Priam, let not fear or dread 

“ Thy mind assail: no messenger of ill 

“Το thee, but good, from Jove supreme I come, 

* Who distant yet regards and pities thee. 

“ He bids thee thy lov’d son Hector redeem: 180 

“ And take such gifts with thee as shall appease 

“ Achilles’ mind: none other chief may go; 

“ Thou only: but a herald must attend 

“ Of graver years, who may the mules direct, 

“ And car funereal, and the body bring 

“ Of Hector, by Achilles slain, to Troy. 

“ Do thou no fears, no terrors apprehend, 

“ Such conduct he will give: Hermes himself 
(His words were such) shall guide thee to his tent. 


* Nor will Achilles do thee violence, 190 


XXIV. THE ILIAD. 


“ Nor suffer others; being as he is, 

“ Neither unwise, nor rash, nor prone to err; 

“* Humane to spare the suppliant, and forgive.” 
Thus Iris spake, and vanish’d into air. 

But Priam bade his sons prepare the car, 195 

Harness the mules, and bind the coffer on. 

He to the lofty chamber then repair’d 

Οἱ cedar, stor’d with treasures manifold, 

And calling Hecuba, these words address’d : 
“Ὁ woman most unfortunate! e’en now 200 


The messenger of Jove hath ord’red me 


‘My son to ransom; and such presents bear 


As shall appease Achilles, to the ships. 

Tell me what thinkest thou: for me—my mind, 

My every thought impels me to comply, 205 
' And venture to the Grecian tents and ships.” 

He spake: with cries thus Hecuba replied : 

Ah! whither is thy sense, thy wisdom fled, 

By Troy acknowledg’d, and by nations own’d? 

What! to the ships alone, and dare the sicht 210 

Of him who hath thy num’rous sons destroy'd ? 

No feeling canst thou have; an iron heart! 

Should he discover thee, and seize thee there, 

Savage and faithless as he is, no grace, 


- 


No pity will he show. Here stay wethen, 215 


THE ILIAD XXIV. THE ILIAD. 


320 XXIII. 


Four caldrons, and a cup of rare device; 


And in our palace weep : imperious fate 


Thus wove his thread of life; since him I bore Ubracia the gift bestow'd ; of public worth 


And amity the pledge: this spar'd he not 


To satiate dogs with that most cruel man, 
, In ransom for-his son. Then from the porch 
O might I devour Ρ 


Far from his parents. 


His entrails, clinging to his hateful side, δοῦ "ἢ angry mood he drove the Trojan youth: 945 


“ Vile and rofit: 76 are 
Then should my Hector’s wrongs be all reveng’d! unprofitable as ye.are, 


Yet did he bravely fall, defending still Away! Have ye no griefs αἱ home, that thus 


᾿ , , Ye trouble me? or do ye lightly deem 
The wives and daughters and the sons of Troy ; Ye Mae 


Nor gave a thought to flight, nor shunn’d his foe.” Those ills which Jove inflicts? I've Ἰοβέ ἃ ΡΒ, 


Priam replied: “ Detain me not, I prays 228 The bravest and the best ; and 'tis a loss 399 


ν i a : ' Yourselves must feel, an easier rey to Greere 
Nor be thyself a bird of omen dire ᾽ prey 


ἫΣ : ᾿ Ν th on . baa . } 
Within my house; thy words dissuade me not: ow he is dead: but ere these eyes behold 


My city plund’red, desolate, destroy’d, 


Had mortal man this enterprise enjoin’d, 


. May δ rr . ᾿ 
Prophet, or soothsayer, or sacred priest, May I to Pluto's gloomy realm descend 


Te > He spake, and drove the: : they quick with- 
I might have deem’d it false, and have despis’d : pake, and drove them off y quick 


. ὰ drew 55 
I heard the cod myself; these eyes beheld. 231 ? 25 


Rebuk'd. Then angry to his sons he spake ; 


I go, nor go in vain: should fate’decree 


-onn : Ὶ . . . a is ΟῚ ° 
‘ That I amid the Grecian ships expire, To Paris, Helenus, and Agathon ; 


r Ἢ . ν Ἢ ° ῳ ᾿ os 
hen be it so; and let him slay me, thus Polites, Pammon, and Hippothous ; 


Dios, Antiphonus, Deiphobus ; 


Clasping my son, and satiated with orief.” 
Nine sons: “ Idle and most disgraceful race! 260 


“© Make haste. Oh! had ye perish’d at the ships 


He spake; and op'ning many curious chests, 


Twelve mantles thence he took of texture rare; 


ἢ of > - 2 “~ ! 
Twelve single vests: twelve carpets next. he chose: Instead of Hector, wretched as I am! 


Tunies and finer robes, of each the same: The bravest of my sons, nor braver Troy 
Of gold ten talents: -polish’d tripods two ; } ; Might boast, are dead: Mester and Troilus, 
ς A a 


VOL, II. Y 


322 THE ILIAD. 


And Hector, as a god by all esteem’d. 
War hath destroy’d them, but hath left behind. 
A base disgraceful set; false, frivolous, 
‘ To dance and song, to thefts and feasts devote. 
Will ye not hasten and prepare the car, 
And bind the treasures on, and speed my way?” 
He spake. His sons alarm’d at his rebuke, 271 
The car prepar’d, splendid and beautiful, 
And tied the coffer on: then from the peg 
They took the boxen yoke, fitted with rings: 


Harness and traces next nine cubits long 275 


They on the polish’d pole bound on, and fix’d 


Upon the rings; and thrice with thongs secur’d, 

And fast’ned well the ends, and tied them close: 

And bringing from the chamber, safely plac’d 

The treasures Hector’s ransom on the car, 

And yok’d the mules accustom’d to the draft, 

A. gift the Mysians erst to Priam sent: 

Then led they forth the horses: these the king 

Was wont himself to feed; and now himself, 

The herald aiding, to the chariot yok’d. 285 
But Hecuba, still anxious, near approach’d : 

Rich wine she in a golden goblet brought, 

Libation meet, ere they should venture forth : 


Standing: before the horses, thus she spake : 


XXIV. THE ILIAD. 323 


“ With this, libation make to Jove, and pray 
Return from yonder foes; since to the ships, 
With no consent of mine, you still will go: 

Pray then to mighty Jove in clouds enthron’d, 

Idzan, who on us, on Troy looks down, 

That he vouchsafe a messenger to send, 295 

' His favour'd bird, the strongest of his kind, 

Propitious, that thyself mayst see, and know; 

And boldly to the ships pursue thy way. 

Should Jove this sign refuse, then be it far 

From me such journey to the Grecian ships 300 

To suffer, or advise, though much thy wish!” 

Priam replied: “ What you enjoin, O queen, 

‘ Shall no refusal meet: it must be right 

To raise the hands to Jove, and pity claim.” 

He spake; and bade the attendant maiden pour 
Pure water on his hands; for which prepard 306 
She ready held the bason and the ewer: 

When wash'd, he from the queen the cup receiv’d ; 
Then standing in the midst libation pour’d, 
And with uplifted eyes this pray'raddress’d: 810 

“Ὁ Jove supreme in Ida! greatest, best, 

“ Grant that I pity and acceptance meet 
“ With Peleus’ son; and send thy favour'd bird, 
κ΄ Swift messenger, the strongest of his kind, 


Y 2 


324 THE ILIAD. XXIV. 


“ Propitious down, that these my eyes may see; 
** So shall I to the ships with better hope.” 
Thus pray’d he: mighty Jove his pray’r receiv'd, 
And his own eagle sent, swift bird of air, 
Black, fierce, voracious, signal from high Jove ; 
Wide as the portal of some lofty dome 320 
His wings extended: on the right he seem’d 
Τὸ rush upon the city ; all beheld 
The favourable omen ; all rejoic’d. 
Then Priam in his chariot took his seat, 
And through the vestibule and sounding porch 325 
Mov’d on: but first the four-wheel’d car advanc’d, 
Drage’d slowly by the mules; the herald drove: 
And after them the monarch’s chariot mov’d ; 
Him all his friends conducted through the town 
Lamenting, as though doom’d to certain death. 330 
When now through lofty Troy they had pass’d on, 
And to the plain descended, all his sons, 
And sons-in-law, to Ilium back return’d. 
Not unobserv’d by Jove’s all-seeing eye 
They mov’'d along the plain: them he beheld, 335 
And pitying Priam, thus to Hermes spake : 
“‘ My son, since more than others thou dost hear, 
‘ And aid mankind familiar, quick descend, 


“ And Priam to the Grecian ships conduct, 


XXIV, THE ILIAD. 


‘* That none may see, or obsérvation make, 
“ Till you have plac’d him in Achilles’ tent.” 
Thus spake he: nor did Hermes disobey. 
The glitt’ring sandals on his feet he bound 
Ambrosial, golden, which o’er sea and land 
Convey him with the swiftness of the winds. 345 
His wand ‘he took: with this sweet sleep he sheds 
O’er mortals, or from slumber deep awakes ; 
This in his hand he bore, and rapid flew 
To Troy’s fair city, and the Hellespont : 
Some favour’d youth he seem’d, of princely race, 
Of early promise, and in beauty’s prime. 350 
They had already pass’d by Ilus’ tomb, 
And at the river stay’d their beasts to drink, 
And Night her sable mantle o’er the earth 
Threw; when Ideus saw the near approach 355 
Of Hermes, and in haste to Priam said: 
“ Think, son of Dardanus, for prudent thought 
“ Behoves thee much: I see a man approach, 
“ And danger is at hand: say, shall we ἢν, 


“ Or suppliant at-his knees for mercy plead?” 360 


He spake: pale fear the monarch’s heart assail’d, 


His spirit sank within him; on his limbs 


Bristled the hair; amaz’d he stood with fear 


SS AE ee 
oe φι το τὰν τ - τῷ 


eons aac 


ra ae 


326 THE ILIAD: XXIV. 


Motionless. The god meantime drew nigh ; 
His hand caress’d, and thus in accents mild: 36% 
“Whither, O father, through the shades of night, 


* When mortals sleep, dost thou direct thy course > 


“ Or fear’st thou not the Grecian host, thy foe 


““ Implacable, and near, that in the night 


ΙΖ . ᾽ ᾿ " 

Thou dost convey such treasures? If but seen. 370 
(« A ; 

What hope, what expectation couldst thou form ? 


(ς ᾿ ; 
Thou art not young, nor may this aged man 


ἔς 


Assistance give should violence assall. 

** IT will not harm thee: no; nor suffer‘man 

“ To harm thee; such as thou my father is.” 375 
The venerable monarch thus replied : 

“« Just are thy words, my son, indeed, and true; 

“ But still some god protects me with hiswhand, 

© Whose kindness gives me to encounter thus 

“ A guide benignant, both in form and mind 380 

“ Excelling: happy they who call thee son.” 
When Hermes thus: “ Well hast thou spoken, 

“« sire, | 

“ Of age reverd:; yet say, and tell me true, 

“ Dost thou these treasures to some foreign land 

« For safety thus convey? or have you all 385 


ςς , SS ὃ κεν. 4 . 
Forsaken J ΓΟΥ 5 devoted tow’rs through fear, 


XXIV. THE ILIAD. 


Since he, the bravest and the best, thy son, 


Is dead ; in battle equal to the Greeks?” 


“‘ And who art thou?” Priam in haste replied, 


Thou best of men, and from what parents 


** sprung, 
‘ Who dost so justly tell my Hector’s fate?” 390 


Hermes return’d: “Ὁ venerable sire 
: 9 


Of Hector you inquire to try my faith ; 

Him have I often seen in glorious fight : 

When at the ships he slew the routed Greeks 395 
With fatal spear, these wond’ring eyes beheld : 
Yet fought I not; Achilles had forbid, 

Incens’d with Agamemnon. Him I boast 

My friend; one ship convey'd us both to Troy. 
Iam aMyrmidon, my father’s name 400 
Polyctor ; rich, and much as you advanc’d 

In years: of seven, the youngest son am I; 

And the lots cast, to me alone it fell 


In warfare to engage: here on the plain 


‘ Far from the ships 1 come. At early dawn 


The Grecians will the city round invest, 
Impatient of delay ; nor may the chiefs 
Repress-their ardour for the bloody fight.” 


Him answ’red Priam: “ If thou be the friend 


' Of Peleus’ son, oh! then this truth declare, 410 


328 THE ILIAD. XXIV, 


ἐς: 


Is Hector at the ships; or to the dogs 

“ Hath fierce Achilles thrown his mangled limbs 2” 
The messenger of Jove thus answer made: 

O king, nor dogs nor birds have him devourd: 
Near to the ships, and at Achilles’ tent 415 
Unnotic’d he remains: this the twelfth morn, 

Nor yet hath taint or worms his corpse defil’d. 

Yet true it is, around Patroclus’ tomb 

Each morn the victor drags him at his car: 

Yet is he not defac'd ; thou wouldst admire 420 

How fresh he lies, the blood all wash’d away ; 

No stains; the wounds (for many wounds he bore) 
‘ Clos’d by some friendly hand: thus have the gods 
“ Preserv’d thy son, whom living they esteem’d.” 

This Priam heard with joy, and thus replied: 425 

“Ὁ son! to pay just off’rings to the gods 

“Is right indeed: nor was my son of them 

“ Forgetful whilst he liv’d; therefore it is 

“ That they remember him, though now no more. 

“ Come then, and from my hands this cup receive; 

“Guard and conduct me, if the pow’rs of heav'n 

“ Permit, in safety to Achilles’ tent.” 

When Hermes thus: « Tempt not my youth to 


“ err: 


“ It may not be that you persuade me thus 


XXIV; THE ILIAD. 29 


“ To take the gift, unknown to Peleus’ son: 


“« But reverential fear forbids.deceit 
“ With him, lest ill hereafter should betide. 
“ I would to Argos safe conduct thee hence, 
“ By sea or land, nor through contempt of me 
“ Thy guide, should any dare with thee contend.” 
Thus Hermes spake; and in the chariot leap’d, 
And seiz’d the reins and whip; then in the mules 
And horses strength and vigour he infus’d. 
Now to the fosse and battlements they came. 
Just then the guard evening repast prepar'd ; 
The potent wand of Hermes clos’d their eyes 446 
In sleep: then open’d he the massy gates, 
And all the bars remov’d ; conducting thus 
Priam, the presents, and the loaded wain. 
Now at the tent of Peleus’ son arriv’d, 450 
Which for their king the Myrmidons had made 
With trunks of lofty pine, and cov’red o’er 
With reeds the marsh supplied ; and form’d around 
A spacious court, with palisadoes strong 
Secur'd: of fir a bar of larger size 455 
The door made fast; three vouths might scarce » 
Or close or open it; Achilles clos’d alone. 
This Hermes for the king with ease remov'd, 


And to him and the gifts safe entrance gave ; 


a ὡς — Ww 


acres πυσνο-  «ὐάνα ὐδαναρο, 


SHAS RRSP oie tine aN 


330 THE ILIAD. XXIV, 


Then from the chariot quick descending, thus 
Began: “ A pow’ immortal you behold, 

‘“* Hermes, a guide to you sent down from Jove: 

** Now I return; nor shall | meet the view 

“ Of Peleus’ son; it were unseemly quite 

“ That an immortal pow’r such favour show 465 
“ To man familiar: enter thou his tent, 

“‘ Embrace his knees, and move thy humble suit ; 
“ Entreating him by father, mother, son, 

“ And every softer tie that melts the soul.” 

He spake; and to Olympus wing’d his way. 470 
But Priam from his chariot to the ground 
Descending, left Ideus; who remain'd 
The mules and horses to attend; the king 
Ent’red the tent, where sat belov’d of Jove 
Achilles ; there he found the godlike chief. 

Apart he sat: near him his faithful friends 
Automedon and Alcimus, employ’d 

In various offices, attendance gave, 

Scarce had he finished repast, the board 

Still unremov’d remain’d; when unobserv’d 
The monarch ent’'red, and Achilles’ knees 
Embrae’d, and kiss’d his hands inur'd to blood, 
Dreadful! which had so many sons destroy'd. 


As when a man by crime of deepest dye 


XXIV. THE ILIAD. 


Impell’d, by murder, in a foreign land 

Seeks refuge at some lofty palace gate, 

Conscious of wrongs all view him with amaze: 

Not less amaz’d Achilles Priam view'd, 

And all-astonish’d seem’d, all-wond’ring gaz’d. 
When Priam thus his humble suit preferr'd: 490 
O Peleus’ son! think of thy father now, 

Like me with age fordone, on the extreme verge 
Of life trembling ; it may perchance that him 


Some neighb’ring pow rs now with united force 


Oppress ; no friend, no son to bring relief! 495 


Yet he this comfort hath—the joyful news 
That thou still livest, hoping day by day 
To see his muchslov’d son from Troy return’d. 
But I, most wretched of mankind, had sons 
Many and brave in ‘Troy: now none remain : 500 
None worthy note: when first the sons of Greece 
Arriv'd, I numb’red fifty ; and of these 
Nineteen one mother bore: pernicious Mars 
Hath most of them destroy'd. One—one I had, 
Alas! the pride and the defence of Troy; | 505 
Him, bravely fighting in his country’s cause, 
My Hector, thou hast slain; for him 1 come, 

** And bring large gifts the price of his release. 


‘ Oh! then, Achilles, reverence the gods, 


332 THE ILIAD. 


‘ And pity, for thy father pity me, 

* More wretched far; for ne’er before was man 

‘ Constrain’d to kiss the hand which slew his son.” 

Thus Priam ; and awak’ned all his grief 

And filial love. He gently with his hand 

Priam repress’d. Then did remembrance dear 515 
Cause tears to flow as at Achilles’ feet 
Prostrate he lay: and now Achilles wept 


His father, now his friend: and through the tent 


The cry of woe was rais’d: but when enough 


To tears was giv’n, when satisfied the soul, 520 
Achilles rose, and gently from the ground 
Priam uprais’d, compassionating much 
His reverend age, and kindly thus address’d : 

“ Thou hast, indeed, severest ills endur’d, 
“ Most wretched man! Yet say, how hast thou dard 
“ To venture here, and to behold thatman 526 
“ By whom so many brave and valiant sons 


τ 


‘ Have been destroy’d? All iron is thy heart. 


“ Come, sit thee down, and let us for awhile 


‘ Forget, if it may be, our mighty griefs ; 530 
“ No profit, no advantage can they bring. 


‘ Yet thus the gods, exempt themselves from care. 


“ Ordain a life of misery to man. 


“ Fast by the throne of Jove two vessels stand, 


XXIV. THE ILIAD. 


“ This fill’d with good, ἀπά μας with evil stor'd: 


ςς 


Τὸ whom a mingled cup he doth dispense, 536 


“* Chequ’red his life, alternate good and ill 


«ςς 


Complete the measure ; but and if unmixt 


“ The bitter draught, to contumely and scorn 


“ From gods and men obnoxious, through the 
“ world 

‘ Outcast he roams, by famine scourg’d along. 541 

‘ Thus at his birth the gods to Peleus gave 

* Riches and wealth beyond the lot of man: 

‘ King of the Myrmittons, and though himself 

‘ Of mortal race, a goddess for his bride: 545 

‘ Yet did the gods to these add much of ill. 
Nosons, no heirs, his wealth, his kingdom knows. 

‘ One son he had, short-liv’d, alas! But I 

‘ No comfort to his age, no solace give, 

‘ Here distant, fraught with ills to thee and thine. 
Yet, venerable king, report doth say 551 

‘ Thou too wert rich ; in wealth surpassing far 
What Lesbos or what Phrygia may contain, 
Or the wide Hellespont; in treasures these, 

‘ In sons thou didst excel. Since then the gods 555 
Have heap’d on thee the dire calamity 


Of tumult and of war thy walls around: 


Yet cease awhile, nor endless grief indulge ; 


334 THE ILIAD. 


“ Ere unavailing tears thy son recall, 

Thou mayst thyself still sorer ills endure.” 560 
Priam replied: “ O cause me not to sit, 
Illustrious chief, whilst Hector at thy tent 
Unburied lies; but to my longing sight 

‘ Restore him; and accept the gifts I bring. 
And may you, to your native land return’d, 565 
Enjoy them long, since you im pity spare 
My life, and give me still-to view the sun!" 
Achilles mov'd with anger thus replied: 
Importune me no more: it is my mind 
Thy Hector to restore; for to that end 570 
My mother, daughter of old Ocean, came, 
Sent down from Jove: yet do I know thee well, 
Priam, for thee some god conducted here: 
None else would dare to enter thus our camp, 
And pass the guard; none else might move the 

** bars, 575 

Of weight enormous, which secure my gates. 

‘ Then stir not up that grief which sleepeth now, 
Lest I no longer spare thee, in my tent 
Though suppliant, but transgress Jove’s high 

“ command.” 
Thus spake he: Priam trembled and obey'd. 580 


Achilles like a lion from his tent 


EXE: THE ILIAD. 335 


Rush'd forth, but not alone ;- his faithful friends 

Automedon and Alcimus his steps 

Attended, whom Pelides honour’d most, 

Patroclus now no more: they from the yoke 685 

Unloos’d the steeds and mules, and im the tent 

The aged herald plac’d; then they unbound 

The treasures, Hector’s ransom ; leaving still 

Two linen cloths without, and mantle rich 

To wrap the body in, when thence convey’d. 590 

Achilles to his servants gave command 

To wash and to anoint the corpse with care, 

Lest Priam see his son, and at that sight 

Give way to wrath, and wake Achilles’ ire 

To slay him, and transgress the will of Jove. 595 
When wash’d, anointed, and with mantle cloth’d, 

Achilles lifting, plac’d him on the bier, 

Which in the wain his friends with care dispos’d ; 

Then sigh’d he, and by name his friend address’d - 


“ Be not displeas’d, Patroclus, shouldst thou hear, 


“ Though in the shades of death, that I relent, 601 


““ And to the father’s arms restore his son: 

“ Great is the ransom ; great shall be thy share.” 
Achilles spake, and to his tent return’d; 

And seated opposite to Priam, thus 


His speech resum'd: “ Thy son is now releas’d, 


336 THE ILIAD. XXIV. 


“ Priam, and on his bier; him thou shalt see 

“ At morrow dawn, and back to Troy convey, 

* But let refreshment now assert her ¢laim. 

** Not bright-hair’d Niobe her food forgot, 610 

“ Though slain six daughters, and six youthful sons: 

“ These Pheebus, angry, with his shafts, and those 

“ Diana huntress' slew; for that herself 

“ She equall’d to Latona, having borne 

* ‘Twelve children, but Latona only two: 615 

“ The avenging hands of two those-twelve destroy’d. 

“ Nine days they lay unburied, none were found 

“ To bury; Jove the people turn’d to stone: 

The gods themselves gave burial on the tenth. 
Yet she sated with tears rememb’red-food: 620 
And still amongst the rocks and deserts wild 

In Sipylus, where nymphs their couches strew, 
And lead the dance on Achelous’ banks, 

‘ A stone she stands, and pours the flood of woe. 
Then let us also, venerable chief, 625 
Refreshment take: then mayst thou weep thy son 
In Troy; for there he will be greatly mourn’d.” 
He spake; and rising, slew a fatted sheep 

With snowy fleece, which his attendants skinn’d, 
And into parts divided; and on spits 630 


Fixing, well roasted ; then again remov’d. 


XXIV. THE ILIAD. 


Automedon the glitt’ring canisters 

Of bread distributed; Achilles cary’d: 

All of the feast partook. Hunger and thirst 

Appeas’d, Dardanian Priam with surprise 

Achilles view’d, such and so great he was; 

He seem’d a god: nor less Achilles view’d 

The venerable king of aspect mild, 

And graceful speech. Each chief with wonder gaz ἃ 

Long time; Dardanian Priam first began : 640 
““ Permit that I retire, illustrious chief, 
And let us now partake the gift of sleep ; 
For never yet have these my eyelids clos’d 
Since my lov’d Hector fell, subdued by thee: 
All night I groan, and cherish bitter grief 645 
Within my courts; and ashes all my bed: 
Now I have tasted food, and gen’rous wine 
Hath pass’d my throat, untasted both till now.” 
He spake. Achilles bade prepare two beds 

Within the portico, and on them spread 

The purple rugs, and tapestry, and cloaks 

Of warmest wool. Obedient to his word 

The servants went with torches in their hands, 


And with all diligence the beds prepar'd ; 


When thus with feign’d alarm Achilles spoke: 655 


“ Rest thou without the tent, O sire rever'd, 


VOL. II. Z 


338 THE ILIAD. ΧΧΙΥ, 


ςς Vy * . 
Lest some observe; for hither oft they come, 
“ Or counsellors, or chiefs, to hold debate ; 


ὡς 


And seeing thee they should report the same, 


ζ — 5 ava. 
‘ And Agamemnon thy return delay, 660 


<4 j a ῚΨ ἫΝ : = 
And stay the ransom. Yet I pray you, tell 


«What time the rites of sepulture demand; 

So long we stay, so long detain our host.” 

Priam replied: “ If that we duly pay 

Just rites to Hector, and if such thy will, 665 
Achilles, most indulgent thus to me, 

And kind; thou knowest that within our walls 
We are shut up, and distant on the hills 
Materials lie; and fear doth much prevail. 

Nine days we give to sorrow; and the tenth 670 
To rites of sepulture, and public feast ; 

On the eleventh we will raise the tomb; 

And war again the twelfth—if Heav’n ordain !” 
Achilles answ’red: “ Be it even SO, 

Priam: so long we will abstain from war.” 

He spake; and Priam’s hand within his own 
Press’d kindly, to dispel each latent fear. 


Then Priam in the vestibule to rest 


Retird, his herald near, with doubtful thoughts 


Perplext: Achilles slept within his tent, 680 


And near the chief repos’d Briseis fair. 


XXIV. THE ILIAD. 339 


Now gods and men subdued by soothing sleep 
Rested through night: not so the watchful care 
Of Hermes, friend to man; him thoughts engag’d 
How Priam he might safe conduct to Troy, 685 
Unnotic’d by the guard. Him standing near, 
He thus bespoke: “ And dost thou, Priam, sleep 
ς Surrounded by thy foes; nor fearest ill 
“ From others, since unhurt by Peleus’ son ? 
“ By mighty gifts thou hast thy son releas’'d; 690 
“ Three times those gifts thy sons who still remain 
“ For thee must give; should Agamemnon know, 
‘ Or other Grecian chiefs, that thou art here.” 
He ended: Priam much alarm’d awoke, 
And call’d his herald: Hermes yok’d the steeds 695 
And’ mules, and through the camp secure they 
pass’d. 
Arriv’d where Xanthus pours his stream along, 
There Hermes to Olympus wing’d his way, 
What time the Morn in saffron robe attir’d 
Her light diffus’d. With loud lament to Troy 700 
They mov'd, bearing the dead; all 1 
By men, or cinctur'd matrons: but alone 
Cassandra from the top of Pergamus 
Her father in his chariot soon discern’d, 
And knew his herald., Hector too she saw 


Z2 


340 THE ILIAD. xxiv, ἢ xxiv. THE ILIAD. 341 


On:his sad bier, by mules convey'd along: ἱ “ To manhood these my eyes shall ne’er behold; 
With piercing cry she through the streets proclaim’d: Ε “ For Ilion, Ilion falls, her guardian gone! 

“ Ye daughters and ye sons of Troy, go forth, ; ‘Thou who didst wives and children all defend. 

“ Your Hector comes: if ever from the war | “ ‘Them Grecian ships from hence shall soon convey, 
“ You greeted his return whilst yethelivd 710 J * And me with them: thee too perchance, my child, 
“ Your guardian and delight, go forth.” She said; ; ‘* Companion of my woes, some lord severe 736 
And Troy her numbers pour’d; none staid behind, ἢ Shall to unseemly toil with anger drive ; 

Such was their grief. Him near the Scean gate ‘¢ Some ruthless Grecian seizing by the hand 

They met, and foremost of the throng his wife : ‘¢ Shall hurl thee from the tow'r; avenging thus 
And mother: plucking off their hair they rush’d : ‘ A brother, father, son, by Hector slain ; 740 
The wain upon, and touch’d their Hector’s head ; . ‘ For many Hector slew: and then alone 

And thus lamenting had consum’d the day, ‘ When battle rag’d thy father was not mild: 

But Priam to his people loud exclaim’d: : ' Therefore it is that Troy entire laments. 

“ Suffer the mules to pass ; and when arriv’d Much woe to thy fond parents thou hast caus’d, 

** Qur gates within, then let your sorrows flow.” 720 Hector! but woes to me still more severe: 745 

At Priam’s word the multitude divide; | ‘ No hand thou gav’st me from thy dying bed, 
Then to the palace sad and slow they move. ‘ No prudent word, to be by day, by night, 

And now, on bed of state the body plac’d, ‘ At once the source and solace of my tears!” 
Attendant minstrels chant the song of woe, Thus spake she weeping ; and the matrons wept. 
And weeping matrons sigh responsive round: 2! Then Hecuba her bitter woes express’d: 750 
Folding her Hector in her fond embrace, | “ Hector! of all my sons to me most dear; 
Andromache the mournful plaint began: | ‘ Belov'd whilst living by the gods themselves ; 

“ My husband! thus cut off in early prime! ‘ Nor have they in thy death neglected thee: 

“ Thou leav’st me desolate, and this thy child, | ‘* Other my sons hath swift Achilles sold, 
“ Fruit of our hapless love; whose future growth ς When captive made, to Lemnos’ rocky isle, 755 


Samos, or Imbrus, o’er the stormy main: 


342 THE ILIAD. XXIV. 


“ But thee he dragg’d Patroclus’ tomb around, 


“ Whom thou didst slay ; yet rais'd him not again. 


“ Fresh art thou now and fair, as newly fall’n 

** By no rude hand, but Phoebus’ milder shafts.” 
Weeping she spake, and all their grief renew'd : 

But Helen thus expressive of her grief: 


ir 
se 


Hector, of all whom brothers I may name 
“ Far dearest to my soul; by Paris, now 
My husband, near allied to Priam’s line: 765 
Oh! had I perish’d first! Since here I came 
From Sparta I have numb’red twenty years, 
Yet never did I hear reproach from thee; 
‘ And if from others of thy num’rous house 
Harsh language I receiv’d, (but not from him 770 
Thy father, as a father always kind,) 
Yet did thy gentler spirit interpose 
With mildness ever, and benignant words : 
Lamenting thee, I for myself lament, 
For none remain in the extent of Troy 
Friendly and kind; I stand abhorr’d by all.” 
Thus-Helen;: and the people wept around, 
Concourse immense; whom Priam thus address’d: 
« Now, Trojans, to our city bring the wood, 
Nor fear attack ; for thus Achilles spake, 780 
« When he dismiss’d me from the ships to Troy : 


vs εν 511 3 ic re a Ἵ : = τοῦ 5 κ“4 
“ 4 ΤΠ} the twelfth morn I from the war abstain. 


XXIV. THE ILIAD. 348 


He spake: then mules and oxen to the wains 
They yok’d, which from the town collecting, pour’d 
The plain along. Nine days from Ida’s mount 
The wood they brought; when the tenth morn ap- 

pear’d, 786 
Then bore they Hector forth with loud lament, 
And on the summit placing lit the pyle. 

When now the rosy-fing’red Morn arose, 

All Troy round Hector’s tomb assembled stood, 790 

In order duly rang’d: first they with wine 

The fire what yet remain’d in every part 

Extinguish’d; then collecting his remains, 

(Brethren and friends still weeping all around,) 

They in a golden urn secure enclos’d, 

And cov’ring o'er with robe of purple hue, 

Deposited in earth; and over them 

Heap'd stones of larger size, and quickly rais’d 

The warrior’s tomb; and plac’d a guard around, 

Lest foes advancing should their rites disturb. 800 
‘hus having rais’d the lofty tumulus, 

They back return’d to Troy; and duly call’d, 

(So custom bade,) partook the genial feast 

By Priam at his lofty palace giv’n. 


Thus they were occupied at Hector’s tomb. 


THE END. 


ERRATA, 


VOL. I. 


for A humble read An humble 
for Higean read AEgeon 

for orbid read orbed 

after Cteatus a semicolon 

Jor rev’rence read reverence 
for lofty read stately 

Jor Jordan read Jardan 

after forest a semicolon 

for too read two 

after said a colon 


ajter severe @ semicolon 


afier ΠΟΘ ἃ seme olon 


i 
te the 


ee 7 Ἰς 
jor cove read cave 


> hn ὲ 
for Imbrius read Imbrus 


ler scarce add or close 


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